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International audience; The lane-keeping assistance design for steer-by-wire road vehicles is a multi-objective control problem that addresses lane tracking, improvement of driver comfort and ensuring vehicle stability. The designed architecture must be sensitive to various driver behaviors, provide assistance to drivers whenever required and ensure a smooth transition of authority between manual and automated driving modes. In this work, we propose a novel shared lane-keeping controller-based on quasi-continuous high-order sliding mode control dealing with the above challenges. The parameters of the controller are characterized by an upper bound estimate of the lateral winds force and the road curvature which acts as disturbances. Using the sharing parameter dependent on the monitored driver attribute, the authority is smoothly transitioned between various modes while accounting for driver behaviors. Experimental results on the SHERPA vehicle simulator shows the real-time implementation feasibility. Extensive results and discussions are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and the applicability of the proposed controller.

This paper addresses the driver–automation shared driving control for lane keeping and obstacle avoidance of automated vehicles in highway traffic. The proposed shared control framework is established from a novel cooperative trajectory planning algorithm and a fuzzy steering controller. Based on polynomial functions, the cooperative trajectory planning is formulated by judiciously exploiting the information on the maneuver decision, the conflict management, and the driver monitoring. As a result, the planned trajectory of the vehicle is continuously adapted according to the driver's actions and intentions. By means of Lyapunov stability arguments, sufficient conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities are given to design a Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model-based controller. This robust steering controller provides a necessary assistive torque to track the planned vehicle trajectory. The new shared driving control framework allows reducing effectively the driver–automation conflict issue while offering the driver more freedom to swerve within a predefined lane. The advantages of the proposed approach are evaluated using both objective and subjective results, experimentally obtained from several human drivers and an advanced interactive dynamic driving simulator.

IF=5.673; International audience; Safety systems claim an in-depth study of vehicle motion and tire-ground interaction for the design of a partially automated driving vehicle. This article addresses the quasi-linear parameter-varying Luenberger interconnected fuzzy observer to estimate both longitudinal and lateral vehicle dynamics simultaneously. In a different manner from the commonplace state of the art of vehicle state observers that consider single driving motion, the proposed approach considers the coupled dynamics with the tire-ground interaction to estimate the most important states while reducing the complexity related to the observability and conservatism. This consideration leads to a nonlinear parameter-dependent interconnected model with unmeasured premise variables. Then, the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy form is considered to deal with the nonlinearities of the vehicle longitudinal and lateral speeds and the slip velocities as well as the steering angle. The concept of “input to state stability” is exploited using fuzzy nonquadratic Lyapunov stability arguments to guarantee the boundness of the estimation errors. A refinement has been proposed through the so-called Polya's theorem aiming to further reduce the conservativeness. Finally, performances and effectiveness of the suggested approach are evaluated through hardware experiments performed with the well-known Sherpa dynamic car simulator under real-world driving situations.

21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2021), VANCOUVER, CANADA, 14-/06/2021 - 18/06/2021; International audience; Using an integrative user-centered approach, the research project aimed at designing and assessing an adaptive HMI to improve the safety and the quality of the take-over in a level-3 automated vehicle. Future autonomous driving users confirmed the need for the monitoring systems to improve safety as long as they are simple and not intrusive. They request specific information to understand and initiate appropriated actions in case of a critical situation. However, to avoid overloading and detri-mental effects, it is important that the system limits the amount of infor-mation at the right moment.

IF=3.882; International audience; This paper presents a novel shared control concept for lane keeping assist (LKA) systems of intelligent vehicles. The core idea is to combine system perception with robust control so that the proposed strategy can successfully share the control authority between human drivers and the LKA system. This shared control strategy is composed of two parts, namely an operational part and a tactical part. Two local optimal-based controllers with two predefined objectives (i.e., lane keeping and conflict management) are designed in the operational part. The control supervisor in the tactical part aims to provide a decision-making signal which allows for a smooth transition between two local controllers. The control design is based on a human-in-the-loop vehicle system to improve the mutual driver-automation understanding, thus reducing or avoiding the conflict. The closed-loop stability of the whole driver-vehicle system can be rigorously guaranteed using the Lyapunov stability argument. In particular, the control design is formulated as an LMI optimization which can be easily solved with numerical solvers. The effectiveness of the proposed shared control method is clearly demonstrated through various hardware experiments with human drivers.

Recent research efforts on automated driving reveal the need to address driver’s interaction with vehicle automation. This paper focuses on the design of an override mode for automated driving systems, a topic little studied in literature. In this paper, a shared control framework for driver’s override of automatic steering control is proposed. This framework formulates the control transfer between the driver and the system as a constrained optimization problem which is solved online by a model predictive controller. At a higher level in the framework, the system detects driver’s lane-change intention so that the low-level controller can actively assist the driver in a lane-change maneuver. The whole framework was evaluated in a user test based on a driving simulator. The test results show that the proposed shared control framework has the advantage of allowing the driver to regain control with ease while ensuring the smoothness of control transition.

Recent years have witnessed rapid advancement of automated driving technologies. In this context, driver-vehicle cooperation as a new interaction paradigm offers an opportunity to improve the driving performance through the exploitation of human-automation synergy. This paper presents the implementation and evaluation of a new cooperation principle between the driver and the automated driving system. Within a use case concerning highway merging management, we describe the scenario modelling, system functional and HMI design. We evaluate the cooperation principle and the designed HMI through a user study on driving simulator. Based on test results, we discuss user’s perception of the cooperation principle and the potential of this principle to handle highway merging situations. Through this paper, we also aim to demonstrate the strengths of driving simulation in terms of interaction design for automated driving systems.