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Key Clinical Message High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the current method of choice for the detection of hemoglobinopathies and the quantification of A2 and fetal hemoglobin. We are describing a case where a double heterozygosity C/beta‐thalassemia was fortuitously identified, during assaying HBA1c, by HPLC.

The initiation of treatment with acenocoumarol is a critical phase that can lead to an iatrogenic event in some patients carrying polymorphisms of the genes involved in the response to treatment, notably VKORC1 and CYP2C9. We report the first case in Morocco and Africa of hypersensitivity to acenocoumarol at the initiation dose in a 70-year-old patient who required an extremely low maintenance dose (0.25 mg / day) to achieve INR target. Genotyping results showed that the patient was homozygous mutated for (VKORC1) -1639 G> A and (VKORC1) -11173 C> T and heterozygous for (CYP2C9) * 2 and (CYP2C9) * 3 demonstrating extreme sensitivity to acenocoumarol due to the cumulative effect of these genetic polymorphisms on the maintenance dose of the anticoagulant. Our study shows the major benefit of prospective genotyping of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 prior to initiation of acenocoumarol treatment, as a good predictor of extreme susceptibility to VKA.

Key Clinical Message We report the case of multiple myeloma of unexpected discovery in an old patient admitted to the emergency department of cardiomyopathy. This observation emphasizes the need for exploring any anemia before linking it to heart failure or kidney disease. Serum protein electrophoresis remains crucial especially in the elderly patients.

We report a case of dramatic outcome of severe haemolytic disease in a newborn due to RH1 incompatibility. A newborn with A RH1 blood group was admitted in the Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital for the problem of hydrops fetalis associated with RH1 incompatibility. The blood group of his mother, aged 31, was AB RH1-negative and that of his 37 year old father was A RH1.The mother had a history of 4 term deliveries, 3 abortions, and 1 living child. There was no prevention by anti-D immunoglobulin postpartum. The mother‘s irregular agglutinin test was positive and the pregnancy was poorly monitored. The laboratory tests of the newborn showed a high total serum bilirubin level (30 mg/L) and macrocytic regenerative anemia (Hemoglobin=4 g/dL, mean corpuscular volume = 183 fL, reticulocytes count =176600/m3). The blood smear showed 1256 erythroblasts per 100 leukocytes, Howell–Jolly bodies and many macrocytes. The direct antiglobulin test was positive. He was transfused with red blood cell concentrates and treated with conventional phototherapy. The evolution was unfavourable; he died three days after the death of his mother. The monitoring of these high-risk pregnancies requires specialized centers and a close collaboration between the gynaecologist and the blood transfusion specialist to strengthen the prevention, as well as clinico-biological monitoring in patients with a history of RH1 fetomaternal alloimunization.

Resume Les bis-albuminemies constituent un type rare de dys-albuminemie. Elles peuvent etre hereditaires permanentes ou acquises transitoires et correspondent a un epaulement ou a un dedoublement de la fraction de l’albumine sur le trace electrophoretique. Les auteurs rapportent a travers ce travail un cas rare et insolite associant une bis-abuminemie acquise a une cholestase icterique compliquant un cholangiocarcinome.

BACKGROUND The authors report a clinical case where biological interference rendered the electrophoretic trace of serum proteins obtained by capillary electrophoresis as uninterpretable. METHODS Electrophoresis of serum proteins and immunotyping immunoassay were performed on Capillary 2 Flex Piercing® Sebia. RESULTS A 72-year-old male patient was hospitalized in the clinical hematology department for deep lymphadenopathies with hepatocellular failure. The biological assessment revealed chronic renal failure stage G3b, icteric cholestasis with alkaline phosphatase levels, and hepatic cytolysis. Electrophoresis of serum proteins showed a thickening at the base of albumin peak on its anodic slope but, in particular, it revealed the appearance of a super-numerary split peak between albumin and α1 globulins. These peaks made it impossible to identify and integrate peaks. Based on the clinical information, immunotyping immunoassay was performed on the same sample. The comparison of the different curves with the reference curve does not show any monoclonal immunoglobulinopathy but eliminates all the supernumerary peaks. Suspecting an interference, a Hydrasys 2 Scan® agarose gel electrophoresis (Sebia) was run on the same sample; however, it did not show qualitative anomalies interfering with identification and integration of all the peaks. CONCLUSIONS Our clinical case emphasizes the importance of the knowledge of certain endogenous interferences that may be the origin of unusual images when interpreting electrophoretic profiles, especially in capillary electrophoresis.

Light‐chain multiple myeloma is a malignant hemopathy characterized by medullary invasion by tumor plasma cells, with the secretion of free light chains of immunoglobulins in the blood giving signs of bone disorders. However, it can be asymptomatic or can start by less clear clinical manifestations such as recurrent infections, anemic syndromes, renal failure, neurological symptoms, pathological fractures, or even amylosis 1. Revelation through pulmonary embolism is exceptional. Through this observation, we are emphasizing on the particularities of light‐chain myeloma.

Background The acquired inhibitors of coagulation have been observed in very rare cases of monoclonal gammopathies. We report a very rare case of anti-factor XI antibodies in patient with plasma cell leukemia (PCL). Case presentation This is a 59-year-old male patient without pathological history, admitted to the nephrology department for management of renal insufficiency and anemia syndrome. The history and physical examination revealed stigmata of hemorrhagic syndrome including hemothorax and hemoptysis. The hemostasis assessment showed an isolated prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) with APTT ratio = 2.0.The index of circulating anticoagulant (37.2%) revealed the presence of circulating anticoagulants. The normalized dilute Russell viper venom time ratio of 0.99 has highlighted the absence of lupus anticoagulants. The coagulation factors assay objectified the decrease of the factor XI activity corrected by the addition of the control plasma confirming the presence of anti-factor XI autoantibodies. In addition, the blood count showed bicytopenia with non-regenerative normocytic normochromic anemia and thrombocytopenia. The blood smear demonstrated a plasma cell count of 49% (2842/mm3) evoking PCL. The bone marrow was invaded up to 90% by dystrophic plasma cells. The biochemical assessment suggested downstream renal and electrolyte disturbances from exuberant light chain production with abnormalities including hyperuricemia, hypercalcemia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, non nephrotic-range proteinuria and high level of C reactive protein. The serum protein electrophoresis showed the presence of a monoclonal peak. The serum immunofixation test detects the presence of monoclonal free lambda light chains. He was treated with velcade, thalidomide and dexamethasone. The patient died after 2 weeks despite treatment. Conclusion Both PCL and anti-factor XI inhibitors are two very rare entities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a factor XI inhibitor arising in the setting of PCL. Factor inhibitors should be suspected in patients whose monoclonal gammopathies are accompanied by bleeding manifestations.

Background We report a case of immunoglobulin (Ig) D myeloma with hidden lambda light chains in a patient whose immunofixation test was very difficult to interpret: the IgD reacts with the anti-δ heavy chain antiserum but does not react with anti-lambda antiserum. The band in the D heavy chain lane is unmatched in light chain lanes and the band in lambda light chain lane migrates higher. Methods To distinguish between heavy chain disease and immunoglobulin with "hidden" light chains, the sample was exposed to a very high concentration of anti-lambda and anti-kappa antisera for 48 hours. Results The serum immunofixation test of the sample treated with anti-lambda showed a decrease in the intensity of the band corresponding to D heavy chain lane as well as the modification of its mobility confirming the presence of IgD with the hidden lambda light chains. Conclusions The IgD myeloma with hidden light chains remains a rare entity, hence the interest of sensitizing health professionals to be vigilant and ensure a good diagnosis. The proposed technique is useful, simple, reliable, and less laborious than those previous reported in the literature. Medical laboratories using Sebia-Hydrasys® system should be aware of the described phenomenon in order to avoid identifying an IgD myeloma as a delta heavy chain disease.

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has recently been defined by the World Health Organization as a critical pathogen. The aim of this study was to compare clonal diversity and carbapenemase-encoding genes of A. baumannii isolates collected from colonized or infected patients and hospital environment in two intensive care units (ICUs) in Morocco. The patient and environmental sampling was carried out in the medical and surgical ICUs of Mohammed V Military teaching hospital from March to August 2015. All A. baumannii isolates recovered from clinical and environmental samples, were identified using routine microbiological techniques and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using disc diffusion method. The carbapenemase-encoding genes were screened for by PCR. Clonal relatedness was analyzed by digestion of the DNA with low frequency restriction enzymes and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and the multi locus sequence typing (MLST) was performed on two selected isolates from two major pulsotypes. A total of 83 multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolates were collected: 47 clinical isolates and 36 environmental isolates. All isolates were positive for the bla OXA51-like and bla OXA23-like genes. The coexistence of bla NDM-1 /bla OXA-23-like and bla OXA 24-like /bla OXA-23-like were detected in 27 (32.5%) and 2 (2.4%) of A. baumannii isolates, respectively. The environmental samples and the fecally-colonized patients were significantly identified (p

This report describes the whole-genome shotgun sequences of two multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains, ABE8_07 and ABE12_M, isolated from a Moroccan hospital floor. These two genome sequences will initiate the study and characterization of the Acinetobacter baumannii genome in Morocco.

This report describes the whole-genome shotgun sequences of two multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains, ABE8_07 and ABE12_M, isolated from a Moroccan hospital floor. These two genome sequences will initiate the study and characterization of the Acinetobacter baumannii genome in Morocco.

Background This study aims to assess the susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates to the antiseptics and disinfectants commonly used, and to the non-approved product. Methods This is a prospective study carried out from February to August 2015, in the Bacteriology department of Mohammed V Military Teaching hospital of Rabat on A.baumannii isolates collected from colonized and/or infected patients and environmental samples. The antiseptics and disinfectants susceptibility testing was assessed using the micromethod validated in our department. The antiseptics and disinfectants studied were: 70% ethyl alcohol, chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine, didecyldimethylammonium chloride and a commercial product which was presented as a hospital disinfectant (non-registered product). Results Povidone-iodine, 0.5% chlorhexidine digluconate, 70% ethyl alcohol and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride in combination with N- (3-aminopropyl) -N-dodecylpropane-1, 3-diamine were effective against all the 81 A.baumannii isolates tested, and their logarithmic reduction ≥ 5 were observed in 100% of the isolates in their undiluted form. The strains isolated from patients were more resistant than environmental strains: at a dilution of ½ for 70% ethyl alcohol (37.77% vs 11.11%, p = 0.007) and at a dilution of 1/10 (100% vs 69.44%, p

Le but de ce travail était de déterminer la prévalence du virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH), du virus de l’hépatite B (VHB) et C (VHC) sur les dons du sang collectés au Centre de transfusion sanguine(CTS) de l’hôpital militaire d’instruction Mohammed V entre 2010 et 2012. Etude rétrospective menée auprès des donneurs de sang militaires âgés de 18 à 50 ans avec prédominance masculine (95%). L’entretien médical pré-don constitue la première barrière de sélection des sujets à risque. Le dépistage biologique était réalisé par technique immuno-enzymatique en milieu liquide utilisant des anticorps et/ou des antigènes. L’ELISA (enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay) combiné de quatrième génération pour VHC et VIH a été utilisé. La confirmation a été faite en réalisant la même technique en double au CTS et au laboratoire de virologie. Dans notre série de 25661 échantillons testés, la prévalence du VHB était 3,97‰ (n=102), celle de VHC était 2,45 ‰ (n=63), celle de VIH était 0,15 ‰ (n=4). Un seul cas de coïnfection (0,039 ‰) par le VHB et VHC a été noté, aucune association entre VIH-VHB, VIH-VHC ou VHB, VHC et VIH n’a été enregistrée. Les taux faibles de séroprévalence des marqueurs viraux de notre étude montrent l’amélioration des mesures préventives en ce qui concerne la sélection des donneurs et des tests de dépistage. Cette prévalence constatée incite à maintenir l’utilisation du réactif combiné qui est la seule alternative à la biologie moléculaire pour les pays en voie de développement.

L’objectif de ce travail était de décrire les caractéristiques épidémiologiques, cytologiques et immunophénotypiques des leucémies aigues (LA) chez les enfants diagnostiqués au Centre Hospitalo-universitaire (CHU) Ibn Sina et de déterminer aussi la concordance entre les résultats de la cytologie à ceux de l’immunophénotypage. Il s’agit d’une étude transversale réalisée au laboratoire d’hématologie du CHU Ibn Sina entre Juin 2012 et Mai 2014. Parmi 104 cas de LA diagnostiqués, 52% étaient des garçons avec un sex-ratio H/F= 1,32 et l’âge médian de 5,7 ans. La répartition des différents types de LA était : LA lymphoïde (LAL) (74%), LA myéloïde(LAM) (20,2%), LA biphénotypique(LAB) (65,8%). Parmi les LAL ,78% ont été classé LAL B et 22% comme LALT. Les signes cliniques étaient principalement présentés par le syndrome tumoral (73,1%),la fièvre (61%) et syndrome hémorragique (50%).Les anomalies de l’hémogrammeles plus fréquents étaient : thrombopénie (89,4%), anémie (86,5%), hyperleucocytose (79,8%).Le taux des blastes périphérique et médullaires était statistiquement élevé pour LAL que pour LAM et LAB (p

Introduction: This study aims to determine the Acinetobacter sp clinical isolates frequency and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern by comparing results obtained from the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) to that of other units at the Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital in Rabat. Methods: This is a retrospective study over a 2-years period where we collected all clinical isolates of Acinetobacter sp obtained from samples for infection diagnosis performed on hospitalized patients between 2012 to 2014. Results: During the study period, 441 clinical and non-repetitive isolates of Acinetobacter sp were collected representing 6.94% of all bacterial clinical isolates (n=6352) and 9.6% of Gram negative rods (n=4569). More than a half of the isolates were from the ICUs and were obtained from 293 infected patients of which 65, 2% (191 cases) were males (sex ratio = 1.9) and the median age was 56 years (interquartile range: 42-68 years). Acinetobacter clinical isolates were obtained from respiratory samples (44.67%) followed by blood cultures (14.51%). The resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, piperacillin / tazobactam, imipenem, amikacin, tobramycin, netilmicin, rifampicin and colistin was respectively 87%, 86%, 79%, 76%; 52%, 43%, 33% 32% and 1.7%. The difference in resistance between the ICUs and the other units was statistically significant (p

L'objectif de ce travail était de décrire les caractéristiques épidémiologiques, cytologiques et immunophénotypiques des leucémies aigues (LA) chez les enfants diagnostiqués au Centre Hospitalo-universitaire (CHU) Ibn Sina et de déterminer aussi la concordance entre les résultats de la cytologie à ceux de l'immunophénotypage. Il s'agit d'une étude transversale réalisée au laboratoire d'hématologie du CHU Ibn Sina entre Juin 2012 et Mai 2014. Parmi 104 cas de LA diagnostiqués, 52% étaient des garçons avec un sex-ratio H/F= 1,32 et l’âge médian de 5,7 ans. La répartition des différents types de LA était: LA lymphoïde (LAL) (74%), LA myéloïde(LAM) (20,2%), LA biphénotypique(LAB) (65,8%). Parmi les LAL,78% ont été classé LAL B et 22% comme LALT. Les signes cliniques étaient principalement présentés par le syndrome tumoral (73,1%), la fièvre (61%) et syndrome hémorragique (50%). Les anomalies de l'hémogrammeles plus fréquents étaient: thrombopénie (89,4%), anémie (86,5%), hyperleucocytose (79,8%). Le taux des blastes périphérique et médullaires était statistiquement élevé pour LAL que pour LAM et LAB (p

Introduction L'objectif de notre travail était évaluer la contamination microbienne des téléphones mobiles utilisés par les personnels soignants des différents services de l'hôpital militaire d'instructions Mohammed V de Rabat et la comparer à celui d'une population témoin et aussi démontrer l'efficacité des solutions hydroalcoolique dans la désinfection de ces téléphones mobiles. Méthodes Il s'agit d'une étude descriptive transversale réalisée sur une période de 9 mois entre septembre 2010 et juin 2011, dans le service de bactériologie de l'hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V. Résultats L’étude bactériologique a été faite sur 240 téléphones mobiles dont 50% provenaient de personnels de sante. Le taux de contamination bactérienne de tous les téléphones mobiles était de 100%. Les cultures des bactéries isolées au niveau des téléphones mobiles du personnel médical étaient plus polymorphes que celles de la population témoin (p=0,028). Parmi 437 bactéries isolées: 223(51%) provenaient de téléphones de personnels de santé et 214(49%) de téléphones de la population témoin avec une différence qui n’était pas statistiquement significative(p>0,05) sauf pour les isolats de Staphylocoque à coagulase négative et Staphylococcus aureus. Les bactéries isolées étaient représentées par: Staphylocoque à coagulase (57,7%), Staphylococcus aureus (18,1%), Corynebacterium sp (18,8%), Bacillus sp (2,3%) et autres (2,2%). La différence entre la prévalence des bactéries isolées selon les services et les fonctions des personnels de santé n’était pas statistiquement significative (p>0,05). La désinfection des téléphones portables par la solution hydroalcoolique a réduit à 99,5% le nombre des colonies. Conclusion Ce travail montre que les téléphones portables pourraient jouer un rôle dans la transmission des infections nosocomiales et communautaires. Dans le cadre de prévention de ces risques, il faut sensibiliser les utilisateurs des téléphones mobiles l'importance du lavage des mains et l'utilisation des solutions hydro alcoolique pour désinfecter aussi bien les téléphones portables que les mains.