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Background: Evidence on variation in the information provided to mothers during antenatal and postnatal periods, its influence on breastfeeding awareness, and practice in urban and rural settings of India is scarce. The aim of the study was to assess the variation in mothers experience during pregnancy, delivery, and maternity period across settings and its influence on breastfeeding practices in the first six months of infants' life. Methods: A community-based analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in urban and rural settings of Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, among 800 mothers who had delivered between one year and six months before the date of the survey using simple random sampling. Results: The proportion of mothers with less than four antenatal visits were significantly higher in urban areas (urban vs rural, 11.4% vs 6.2%). The mean scores for positive experiences during pregnancy (MD 0.99, 95% CI 1.31 to -0.69), experiences during birth and maternity period (MD -0.59, 95% CI -0.83 to -0.35) were significantly lower in the urban areas compared to rural areas. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was 75.8% and 85.0% in urban and rural areas, respectively. Mothers not satisfied with experiences during delivery and maternity period (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.42) and from urban areas (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.59) were at significantly increased risk of nonexclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: The present study showed that mothers from urban areas were not provided with appropriate, adequate, and timely information by the healthcare providers. It is the need of the hour to train and motivate healthcare providers regarding maternal awareness of antenatal, intranatal, and postnatal care practices including breastfeeding and infant care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]