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Developing quality learning in inclusive schools is an essential issue for educators. Several aspects that need to be considered to create quality learning in inclusive schools are assessment, lesson planning, good classroom management, learning materials and media development, implementation of accessible education using appropriate technologies and evaluation. These aspects are essential parts that must be appropriately addressed to produce quality learning. This study uses a mixed explanatory sequential design. Quantitative research instruments were used to collect data from 100 teachers on teacher involvement in quality learning in inclusive schools. The results of this study describe the condition of teacher performance in inclusive schools in developing quality learning. Involvement and collaborative efforts between teachers appear below. In this case, knowledge is more of a differentiating factor determining who does what in the learning and design process, while the universal learning rules are still not being fully implemented. This condition may influence the quality of learning for students with disabilities. It is hoped that future research will examine teachers' attitudes and increase their efforts in developing quality learning for students with disabilities. Moreover, the principles of implementing UDL need to be integrated into the inclusive education curriculum in Indonesia.

Early marriage still needs to be a concern due to the high incidence of cases and the impact it has on the health and nutritional status of toddlers. One of the long-term effects of early marriage is stunting, namely impaired growth and development in toddlers due to malnutrition. This study aims to explore the relationship between maternal age at marriage and nutrition knowledge levels with the nutritional status of toddlers. This research uses observational research with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study was 48 mothers of toddlers with a history of early marriage. Data analysis used Spearman’s Rank test. The results showed that most of the mothers of toddlers married in their early adolescence (14 to 18 years), namely 29 people (60.4%). As many as 58.3% of toddlers have poor nutritional status, and 1.7% are in the good nutritional status category. The majority of mothers’ knowledge related to nutrition is lacking, as many as 24 (50%). There is a significant relationship between levels of a mother’s knowledge about nutrition and the nutritional status of toddlers with a p-value of 0.001. However, mothers who marry early need to increase their understanding of balanced nutrition in toddlers to prevent malnutrition. Future research needs to look at the nutritional status of toddlers based on the education level of mothers of toddlers who marry early, which may be one of the causes of malnutrition status in toddlers.

Sandy soil has various constraints, such as the low availability of N, P, and K nutrients. Organic matter should be applied to improve soil conditions. This study’s organic materials used as ameliorants included chicken manure and Azolla microphylla. This study aimed to determine the effect of A. microphylla and chicken manure on the availability of micro and macronutrients and rice growth in sandy soil. The research was conducted on the sandy soil of Samas Beach, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The study used a factorial complete randomized block design consisting of 2 factors. The 1st factor is the dose of Azolla (0 and 7.5 tons ha-1). The 2nd factor is the dose of chicken manure (50, 100, 150 tons ha-1). The results showed no interaction between the application of A. microphylla and chicken manure. The application of chicken manure increased NO3-, available P, and available K levels. The application of A. microphylla increased the height of rice plants. Azolla 7.5 tons ha-1 and chicken manure 150 tons ha-1 showed the highest values in NO3- (0.11 mg l-1), available P (6.74 ppm), and organic C (0.27%). Chicken manure of 150 tons ha-1 can increase the number of grains per panicle. These findings offer a potential strategy for addressing nutrient deficiencies in sandy soils and improving rice growth.

Immune-mediated epilepsy (IME) constitutes a substantial proportion of drug-refractory epilepsies. Rapid diagnosis and prompt immunosuppression are required along with antiseizure medications (ASMs). Here we report three unrelated children who presented with fever, encephalopathy, and refractory epilepsy and subsequently tested positive for rare intraneuronal and surface receptor antibodies, namely, contactin-associated protein like 2 (CASPR2), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), and paraneoplastic antigen Ma2 (PNMA2). In all of them, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was noncontributory. Electroencephalography showed nonspecific interictal epileptic discharges. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) brain scan revealed abnormality in metabolic pattern with hypermetabolism in basal ganglia, thalami, frontotemporal cortices, and cerebellar hemispheres, consistent with autoimmune encephalitis. Immunosuppression was initiated along with ASMs. Complete seizure freedom was achieved in GAD65 antibody IME and >50% seizure reduction in CASPR2 and PNMA2 antibody IME. A variable degree of behavioral problems persisted in all. Early immunosuppression is warranted in IME, but does not universally guarantee a complete response.

The Ustadz Hannan Attaki Bai'at controversy by Kiai Marzuki was chosen as the focus of research because it attracted public attention and gave rise to various points of view. Bai'at was carried out on the sidelines of predecessor's birthday. Ahmad Noer, KH. Mustamar and KH. Murtadho Amin at the Sabilurrosyad Malang Islamic Boarding School generally contained five points. These include the oath of allegiance to the Republic of Indonesia and Nahdlatul Ulama. This research aims to analyze the news about the Bai'at controversy of Ustadz Hannan Attaki, who Kiai Marzuki guided at NU.Online. Through a media framing analysis approach, this research seeks to understand how the media builds issue representation and problem-solving in the context of this controversial Bai'at. The research method used is qualitative with content analysis. The analysis results show that media framing in coverage of the Bai'at Ustadz Hannan Attaki controversy by Kiai Marzuki tends to influence public understanding. At the problem definition stage, news articles tend to adopt a particular viewpoint that shapes the public's perception of Bai'at. In the problemsolving stage, news articles also offer recommendations and implications, which may influence the public's view of the controversy. This research contributes to understanding the role of the media in shaping public perceptions of controversial religious issues. The implications of this research can be used as a reference for a better understanding of media framing in a religious context and the importance of framing analysis in capturing issue representation and problemsolving in coverage.

AbstractA new in-pipe hydropower prototype having a novel internal flow separator, denominated as P20, was developed and tested to achieve Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 6. The P20 separates water into main channel where the water flow is uninterrupted and two power generation (PG) purpose channels with nozzle and turbine system, respectively, at each side. The P20 also has valves for turbines maintenance and service work purposes at the PG channels’ inlets and outlets. From the performance test, 28.8% of pressure loss is created at the maximum flow condition (0.076 m3s−1 flow rate that produced 1.25 bar of stagnation pressure). At this condition, each turbine produced mechanical power of 55 W with 35.9% of turbine efficiency. The highest turbine efficiency recorded in this study was about 42% obtained at a flow rate 59% of the maximum condition, where less water filled the turbine casing as compared to the maximum flow condition. PG channel size also affects the turbine efficiency. Overall, the P20 has been functioning according to the design that allows the majority of water to flow uninterruptedly while concurrently generating in-pipe hydropower.

Background Problems: This study emphasises the critical importance of maintaining a balanced intake of nutrients relative to individual needs, as deficiencies or excesses can significantly impact health and nutritional status. Among these essential nutrients are iron and calcium. Research Objectives: The aim of this research is to assess the impact of nutrition education on the knowledge and dietary practices related to iron and calcium among athletes. Methods: The research used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest. To evaluate the effect of the intervention, the subjects were given a pretest, nutrition education, and posttest. The study was conducted on a total of 30 cricket players from the Special Capital Region of Jakarta over a period of 1 month, with a frequency of 4 intervention meetings, each session lasting 60 minutes. Data analysis was performed using an independent t-test. The participants in this research were cricket players from Jakarta. Findings and Results: The results indicated that nutrition education significantly improved athletes' nutritional knowledge (p-value 0.000) and dietary practices (p-value 0.011). Conclusion: This research demonstrates the effectiveness of targeted nutrition education interventions in enhancing athletes' knowledge and adoption of healthier dietary practices, particularly concerning iron and calcium consumption. These findings contribute valuable insights to the field of sports nutrition, emphasising the importance of well-designed educational programs in promoting good nutritional behaviour and supporting overall health and performance in athletes. This study underscores the critical role of nutrition education in the advancement of both the scientific understanding and practical application of sports nutrition.

Al-Qur'an berperan sebagai panduan hidup bagi seluruh umat pada umumnya dan islam pada khususnya. Meski Al-Qur'an tidak berubah, penafsirannya yang terus berkembang dari generasi ke generasi berikutnya. Oleh sebab itu, Al-Qur'an mampu memberikan jawaban atas berbagai permasalahan yang ada. Sebagai solusi bagi masyarakat, Al-qur’an tetap relevan sepanjang waktu. Hal ini yang kemudian menjadi bukti kuat bahwa Al-Qur'an sebagai mukjizat terbesar yang diberikan Allah SWT kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW. Untuk menjawab beragam permasalahan yang timbul di masyarakat, berbagai model penafsiran muncul sesuai dengan paradigma masing-masing penafsir. Salah satu tokoh mufassir terkenal, Fazlur Rahman, dikenal sebagai pencetus Double Movement Theory (Teori Pergerakan Ganda). Ia memiliki kecerdasan dan kemampuan yang luar biasa dalam mengkaji Al-Qur'an dengan pendekatan modern namun tetap berpegang pada syariat.

Program pemberdayaan masyarakat di Desa Jombok bersifat multifaset, meliputi inisiatif seperti pembuatan pintu masuk desa, pelatihan pengolahan susu sapi, dan pemberian pemeriksaan kesehatan gratis. Penciptaan gerbang masuk yang estetis berfungsi sebagai simbol identitas masyarakat serta menumbuhkan rasa bangga dan persatuan antar warga. Gerbang-gerbang ini dapat menarik pengunjung, sehingga berpotensi membuka jalan bagi peluang ekonomi di desa. Aspek integral lainnya dari program ini melibatkan pelatihan anggota masyarakat dalam pengolahan susu sapi. Inisiatif ini bukan hanya tentang diversifikasi ekonomi tetapi juga membekali individu dengan keterampilan baru, mendorong kewirausahaan dan berkontribusi terhadap stabilitas ekonomi dalam masyarakat. Selain itu, pemeriksaan kesehatan gratis mengatasi masalah kesehatan yang mendesak, mendorong masyarakat yang lebih sehat, dan mengurangi beban ekonomi yang terkait dengan biaya perawatan kesehatan.

Background: Malnourishment is a risk factor for persistent pneumonia among under-five children with severe pneumonia. This study aims to determine the prevalence of persistent pneumonia and the association between nutritional status and pneumonia severity in children under 5 years of age. Methodology: A prospective observational hospital-based study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, King George’s Medical University (KGMU) from May 2019 to April 2020 among children aged 1 month to 5 years admitted with a diagnosis of severe pneumonia. An anthropometric assessment along with general and systemic examination was conducted. Weight for age, height for age and weight for height were calculated to assess the nutritional status. Children with severe pneumonia were followed for 4–6 weeks to assess the prevalence of persistent pneumonia. Results: The prevalence of persistent pneumonia was 6.8%, while 32 (31.1%) and 64 (62.1%) patients had recurrent and severe pneumonia, respectively. No statistically significant distribution was observed in age, sex, residential area, parent’s education or occupation of the child. The statistically significant distribution was seen on assessing nutritional status based on weight for age, height for age and weight for height (P value- 0.001, 0.001, 0.0001). Those with weight for age ≤ 3SD were anaemics and up to 1 year of age had 5.21, 3.52 and 2.83 times more odds of having persistent pneumonia, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of persistent pneumonia among children less than 5 years of age was 6.8%. Malnutrition can be considered a major determinant of persistent pneumonia among children under 5 years of age.

Handling sexual violence cases requires a holistic, human rights-based approach, encompassing prevention, protection, law enforcement, recovery, and ensuring victims' access to justice. Islam advocates equality for all, but its implementation is constrained by the improper handling of many sexual violence cases due to the non-retroactive Sexual Violence Law. This paper proposes the urgency of upholding the principle of retroactivity in criminal law and Fiqh Jinayah to build an anti-sexual violence construction based on justice and equality. This normative juridical research employs conceptual, statutory, philosophical, and historical approaches. This approach provides an in-depth understanding of the concept of justice in the handling of sexual violence, according to Sharia. This study uses the Islamic legal literature and comparative legal studies to examine the urgency of upholding the retroactive principle in criminal law and Fiqh Jinayah. This study confirms that applying the retroactive principle to sexual violence is consistent with the six characteristics of Maqasid Sharia: cognitive nature, interconnectedness, wholeness, openness, multidimensionality, and purposefulness. The retroactive principle is necessary in cases of sexual violence as the primary rule in addressing such crimes, in addition to complementing existing laws and regulations. This principle is crucial to ensure fair law enforcement in cases of sexual violence.

Purpose: To find out whether government size, audit findings, and the number of accounting entities have an effect on audit delay in the context of regional financial reporting. Design/Methodology/Approach: This type of quantitative research uses multiple regression analysis techniques with the help of the e-Views version 12 application with sample observations of 102 provincial governments in Indonesia in the period 2019-2021. Findings: The results of the study reveal that government size has a negative influence on audit delay. Different things happen to audit findings and the number of accounting entities which have a positive effect on audit delay. Government size, audit findings, and the number of accounting entities jointly influence the audit delay of provincial governments in Indonesia. Practical Implications: This research can provide implications that provincial governments in Indonesia can be more timely in preparing financial reports so that audit delays can be minimized. The average audit delay phenomenon that occurs in provincial governments in Indonesia exceeds the applicable statutory limits, with the most occurring in 2019, namely 163 days. Originality/Value: This research examines factors within the scope of the government sector that influence the phenomenon of audit delay in financial reports.

Water crisis ahead Water, although plentiful on Earth, poses a paradox of scarcity due to its uneven distribution and limited accessibility. Earth contains around 326 million trillion gallons of water, but the majority of it, roughly 97% is saline, and another 2% is trapped in polar ice caps. This means that humanity depends on only 1% of Earth's water for survival for life. This small proportion is primarily located underground, which is challenging and expensive to reach, influencing the development of human settlements and economic activity towards more easily accessible surface waters such as rivers and lakes.Throughout history, societies who efficiently controlled and utilized water resources thrived, whilst those that failed to do so experienced a fall. Contemporary instances, such as Cape Town, which came close to being the first big metropolis to experience water scarcity, emphasize the ongoing challenge. The experience of this city serves as a cautionary tale for other global cities, such as Sao Paulo, Melbourne, Jakarta, and Beijing, who may face "Day Zeroes" in the future. These "Day Zeroes" refer to the complete depletion of water supplies in metropolitan centers. To avoid this issue, dramatic adjustments in water usage must be implemented.Water usage patterns expose other disparities, whereas human activities such as drinking, cooking, and hygiene only account for a small 8% of the available freshwater, the bulk is dedicated to agricultural and industrial purposes. This distribution not only emphasizes the unequal utilization of water, but also sheds light on the economic undervaluation of this important resource. Water is often underpriced in various areas, which means its actual cost is not accurately reflected. This leads to excessive use and wastefulness, which is not sustainable in the long run. Economic activity frequently worsens local water shortages. For instance, Mexico City, although it receives a greater amount of rainfall compared to London, experiences significant water scarcity as a result of the previous drainage of lakes and excessive use of groundwater. The city is experiencing subsidence, causing certain portions to sink at a rate of up to 20 cm per year. Comparable difficulties are apparent in areas such as northern India, where underground water reservoirs are disappearing rapidly, posing a threat to the water security of millions. The participation of the private sector in water management is on the rise, as institutions such as hedge funds are acquiring water rights. This has raised concerns about the potential commercialization and exploitation of water scarcity for financial gain. The implementation of this method has sparked ethical questions over the fair distribution of water resources, specifically the effect of pricing techniques on low-income communities who are disproportionately impacted by rising costs. Climate change exacerbates the burden on water resources by making precipitation patterns more unpredictable and less consistent. The lack of freshwater is leading to an increase in conflict, as seen by ongoing disagreements and violence in regions such as Darfur and northeastern Nigeria. The growing crisis has stimulated interest in technology solutions such as desalination, which has experienced a more than twofold increase in capacity in the last decade. Nevertheless, desalination is characterized by high energy consumption and significant expenses, which renders it a less feasible choice for wider implementation considering the present economic assessments of water. Innovation for water sustainability management Different models have been tried by many towns and countries to tackle these difficulties. In 2017, Philadelphia implemented a system where water costs are modified according to income levels. The objective is to protect essential human requirements while avoiding additional financial strain on those with lower incomes. This paradigm exemplifies an increasing acknowledgment of the necessity to oversee water not just as a commodity with economic value but also as an essential entitlement of every human being. The experience of Cape Town facing Day Zero in 2018 demonstrates both the possibility of a crisis and the ability of the community to respond collectively. The implementation of stringent water restrictions and active participation from the public in conservation endeavors successfully averted the predicted catastrophe, showcasing the efficacy of immediate collaborative measures. However, depending on crisis-driven conservation is not a sustainable approach, it is crucial to take proactive actions instead. Accurate assessment and control of water require acknowledging its crucial significance in worldwide sustainability and the preservation of human life. Investments in infrastructure to mitigate leakages, which can constitute as much as 42% of the municipal water supply in areas such as Mexico City, are important. In addition, the implementation of water-efficient farming practices, enhancement of industrial water usage, and promotion of responsible consumption patterns might help alleviate some of the most urgent challenges. With the ongoing increase in global populations and the changing climate conditions, the significance of water management becomes increasingly evident. With the intention of fostering global cooperation and tangible progress, the 10th World Water Forum in 2024, held in Bali, Indonesia, seeks to serve as a crucial milestone in bringing nations and people together to pledge to concrete and effective measures in ensuring universal access to clean water and proper sanitation. The experiences of places such as Cape Town (Capital of South Africa) and the current efforts being made globally offer both warnings and models for achieving a sustainable water future. Ultimately, addressing the worldwide water crisis necessitates a comprehensive approach that encompasses policy restructuring, technical advancement, and active involvement of communities. By assigning the proper value to water and making investments in sustainable management practices, humanity can protect this essential resource for future generations, guaranteeing its ability to support life and prosperity on our planet.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of Knowledge of caregivers for neonatal danger signs. Registered in PROSPERO [CDR42022338605.] Methodology: PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched, Cochrane I2 statistics for heterogeneity and Random effects model for reporting the results was used. Egger tests with funnel plots were used to investigate publication bias. Result: Overall pooled prevalence of caregiver's knowledge towards IMNCI and other neonatal danger signs was 36.6 % (95 % CI = 28, 46.1) and 55.1 % [95 % CI = 46.9, 53] respectively. Conclusion: The knowledge of caregivers towards neonatal danger signs was inadequate.

The purpose of this study was to find out how transformational leadership impacts the level of self-efficacy of teachers in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) in Karawang Regency. This research was conducted using the structural-partial least squares modeling equation (SEM-PLS). The study sample consisted of 130 randomly selected MI teachers. Four main dimensions are used to measure transformational leadership: ideal influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individual attention. Teachers' self-efficacy is measured based on their confidence in the teacher's ability to overcome difficulty, strength of belief and generality. The results showed that transformational leadership has a positive and significant influence on teacher self-efficiency. The dimensions of ideal influence and inspirational motivation are the ones that contribute the most to improving the teacher's self-efficiency. It can be concluded that transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on teachers' self-efficiency. Transformational leadership can provide ideal influence and inspirational motivation so that teachers' confidence in their ability to teach, manage the classroom, and interact with students increases.

Summary: Background: Given the rapidly growing burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Asia, this study forecasts the CVD burden and associated risk factors in Asia from 2025 to 2050. Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study was used to construct regression models predicting prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributed to CVD and risk factors in Asia in the coming decades. Findings: Between 2025 and 2050, crude cardiovascular mortality is expected to rise 91.2% despite a 23.0% decrease in the age-standardised cardiovascular mortality rate (ASMR). Ischaemic heart disease (115 deaths per 100,000 population) and stroke (63 deaths per 100,000 population) will remain leading drivers of ASMR in 2050. Central Asia will have the highest ASMR (676 deaths per 100,000 population), more than three-fold that of Asia overall (186 deaths per 100,000 population), while high-income Asia sub-regions will incur an ASMR of 22 deaths per 100,000 in 2050. High systolic blood pressure will contribute the highest ASMR throughout Asia (105 deaths per 100,000 population), except in Central Asia where high fasting plasma glucose will dominate (546 deaths per 100,000 population). Interpretation: This forecast forewarns an almost doubling in crude cardiovascular mortality by 2050 in Asia, with marked heterogeneity across sub-regions. Atherosclerotic diseases will continue to dominate, while high systolic blood pressure will be the leading risk factor. Funding: This was supported by the NUHS Seed Fund (NUHSRO/2022/058/RO5+6/Seed-Mar/03), National Medical Research Council Research Training Fellowship (MH 095:003/008-303), National University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine's Junior Academic Fellowship Scheme, NUHS Clinician Scientist Program (NCSP2.0/2024/NUHS/NCWS) and the CArdiovascular DiseasE National Collaborative Enterprise (CADENCE) National Clinical Translational Program (MOH-001277-01).

This research evaluates the cybersecurity maturity of a technology information company in Jakarta, using the CIS Controls framework that encompasses all controls within Implementation Group 1 (IG1). The company has not conducted formal measurements regarding cybersecurity maturity, leading to uncertainty about the effectiveness of security efforts. The aim of this study is to measure, assess, and provide recommendations to enhance cybersecurity within the company. The research methodology involves an assessment of CIS Controls implementation and maturity level measurements. The measurement results indicate a low level of maturity, with an overall score of 0.41. The company needs to make significant improvement efforts in the cybersecurity aspect. Recommendations derived from this analysis emphasize the need for policy enhancements, control improvements, and increased employee training, serving as a guide for the company to strengthen weak cybersecurity aspects. The company should adopt a sustainable approach with management commitment and active engagement of all stakeholders.

The increasing use of air-conditioned rooms in public entertainment venues but allowing visitors to smoke indoors makes some visitors feel uncomfortable. This final project aims to be able to design a carbon monoxide gas control device and carbon monoxide gas monitoring using IoT technology. The methodology for making this tool involves literature study methods in national journals and internet searches regarding projects that have been made before. Then identify problems in the field so that improvements can be made in tool design. In this tool, air content readings use the MQ-135 sensor to detect gas levels. Control uses the Ardiono Uno microcontroller as the data processing center, the ESP 8266 nodeMCU as the data sender to the application. From several experiments it was concluded that the tool operated as expected. It can be seen from the experimental data that the MQ-135 sensor works accurately in detecting the air quality levels in the room. It starts when the sensor detects air levels and then the reading results become input to start activating the relay for on/off the exhaust fan and also perfume, which will be active to neutralize the air in the room. The buzzer will activate when the reading value reaches the programmed gas level. The sensor reading value that is read will then appear on the LCD and also on the Blynk application.

The present study analyzes the capability of convolutional neural network (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), CNN-LSTM, fuzzy CNN, fuzzy LSTM, and fuzzy CNN-LSTM to mimic streamflow for Lower Godavari Basin, India. Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE) was used to evaluate these algorithms. Fuzzy-based deep learning algorithms have shown significant improvement over classical ones, among which fuzzy CNN-LSTM is the best. Thus, it is further considered for streamflow projections in a climate change context for four-time horizons using four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). Average streamflow in 2041–2060, 2061–2080, and 2081–2090 are compared to that of 2021–2040 and it changed by +3.59, +7.90, and +12.36% for SSP126; +3.62, +8.28, and +12.96% for SSP245; +0.65, −0.01, and −0.02% for SSP370; +0.02, +0.71, and +0.06% for SSP585. In addition, two non-parametric tests, namely, Mann–Kendall and Pettitt were conducted to ascertain the trend and change point of the projected streamflow. Results indicate that fuzzy CNN-LSTM provides a more precise prediction than others. The identified variations in streamflow across different SSPs facilitate valuable insights for policymakers and relevant stakeholders. It also paves the way for adaptive decision-making. HIGHLIGHTS Fuzzy CNN-LSTM shows a significant improvement in KGE in training and testing periods over others.; Incorporating a fuzzy inference layer in deep learning algorithms has substantially improved peak flow simulation.; Mann–Kendall and Pettitt tests were conducted to ascertain the trend and change point of the projected streamflow of the basin.;

The present study investigates the ability of five boosting algorithms, namely Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), Categorical Boosting (CatBoost), Light Gradient Boosting (LGBoost), Natural Gradient Boosting (NGBoost), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) for simulating streamflow in the Lower Godavari Basin, India. Monthly rainfall, temperatures, and streamflow from 1982 to 2020 were used for training and testing. Kling Gupta Efficiency (KGE) was deployed to assess the ability of the boosting algorithms. It was observed that all the boosting algorithms had shown good simulating ability, having KGE values of AdaBoost (0.87, 0.85), CatBoost (0.90, 0.78), LGBoost (0.95, 0.93), NGBoost (0.95, 0.95), and XGBoost (0.91, 0.90), respectively, in training and testing. Thus, all the algorithms were used for projecting streamflow in a climate change perspective for the short-term projections (2025–2050) and long-term projections (2051–2075) for four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). The highest streamflow for all four SSPs in the case of NGBoost is more than the historical scenario (9382 m3/s), whereas vice-versa for the remaining four. The effect of ensembling the outputs of five algorithms is also studied and compared with that of individual algorithms. HIGHLIGHTS All the boosting algorithms have shown good simulating ability and were used in projecting streamflows for short-term projections (2025–2050) and long-term projections (2051–2075).; The highest streamflow for all four SSPs in the case of NGBoost is more than the historical scenario (9382 m3/s), whereas vice-versa for the remaining four.; The effect of ensembling the outputs of five algorithms is also studied and compared with that of individual algorithms.;

Inundation and flooding are problems that often occur in many cities worldwide, including university campuses. This research aims to examine the existing drainage conditions on the Universitas Islam Riau (UIR) campus and identify solutions to overcome inundation and flooding that probably occur on the UIR campus in extreme conditions. The method in this study uses the EPA's SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) 5.2 software simulation program. The results indicate that the current drainage system is unable to handle rain discharge during extreme conditions. In this study, three improvements are set up to analyze hydrological characteristics. The first improvement is the traditional improvement by changing the existing channel dimensions. The second improvement is using Low Impact Development (LID) technology, in which the combination of 14 infiltration wells and 7 Biopore Infiltration Holeare applied. The third improvement is using the combination of 3 LID: Infiltration well, Biopore infiltration Hole, and Rain Water Harvesting (RWH). From the results, runoff in the improvement one was reduced by 21.5%. The second improvement, where 2 LID was used, reduced the runoff by 51.5%; finally, the third improvement reduced the runoff by 57.6%. So, the scenario that is most effective in overcoming inundation or flooding is the third scenario. Furthermore, the improvement is in line with the water conservation strategy. The findings of this research can serve as a valuable resource for future studies, contributing to the advancement of SDGs 6, 9, and 11, specifically targeting better water management, resilient infrastructures, and sustainable cities and communities. Moreover, the result can be a guide for the decision maker, especially on the UIR Campus and Campus worldwide, as an effective strategy for water conservation and to prevent flooding in similar universities.

Aims and method With increasing recognition of the prevalence and impact of perinatal mental health (PMH) disorders comes a responsibility to ensure that tomorrow's doctors can support families during the perinatal period. Online surveys seeking information about the inclusion of PMH education in undergraduate curricula were sent to psychiatry curriculum leads and student psychiatry societies from each university medical school in the UK between April and September 2021. Results Responses were received from 32/35 (91.4%) medical schools. Two-thirds reported specific inclusion of PMH content in the core curriculum, typically integrated into general adult psychiatry or obstetric teaching. Students at the remaining schools were all likely to be examined on the topic or see perinatal cases during at least one clinical attachment. Clinical implications PMH education offers an opportunity for collaboration between psychiatry and other disciplines. Future work looking at educational case examples with objective outcomes would be valuable.

Abstract Belonging to the Fabaceae family, Dalbergia sissoo, a versatile plant, has gained prominence for its potent medicinal attributes, especially antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties, as well as the use of its leaf juice in cancer treatment. Despite these recognized applications by natives and tribals, comprehensive insight into its biological activities and chemical composition remains limited. This study aimed to explore the cytotoxic potential of sequentially extracted leaf extracts from Dalbergia sissoo using various solvents, aiming to unveil the array of phytochemicals through LC–MS profiling. Among the extracts evaluated, the extract employing methanol:water extracting media (HN-2) appeared with the most remarkable results in both phytochemical diversity and biological activity. Furthermore, in vitro results of HN-2's in vitro anticancer efficacy were confirmed through in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. These analyses demonstrated its ability to inhibit C-ABL kinase within leukemia K562 cells, directing that Dalbergia sissoo leaves serve as a bioactive agent reservoir. Consequently, this suggests that the Dalbergia sissoo plant is a potential source of bioactive compounds that can be used as a precursor for developing new cancer inhibitors, mainly targeting leukemia.

Abstract Background This study examined the characteristics and outcomes of surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) both isolated and in combination with other cardiac surgery in Malaysia from 2015 to 2021. Methods This was a retrospective study of 1346 patients analyzed on the basis of medical records, echocardiograms and surgical reports. The overall sample was both considered as a whole and divided into aortic stenosis (AS)/aortic regurgitation (AR)-predominant and similar-severity subgroups. Results The most common diagnosis was severe AS (34.6%), with the 3 most common etiologies being bicuspid valve degeneration (45.3%), trileaflet valve degeneration (36.3%) and rheumatic valve disease (12.2%). The second most common diagnosis was severe AR (25.5%), with the most common etiologies being root dilatation (21.0%), infective endocarditis (IE) (16.6%) and fused prolapse (12.2%). Rheumatic valve disease was the most common mixed disease. A total of 54.5% had AS-predominant pathology (3 most common etiologies: bicuspid valve degeneration valve, degenerative trileaflet valve and rheumatic valve disease), 36.9% had AR-predominant pathology (top etiologies: root dilatation, rheumatic valve disease and IE), and 8.6% had similar severity of AS and AR. Overall, 62.9% of patients had trileaflet valve morphology, 33.3% bicuspid, 0.6% unicuspid and 0.3% quadricuspid. For AS, the majority were high-gradient severe AS (49.9%), followed by normal-flow low-gradient (LG) severe AS (10.0%), paradoxical low-flow (LF)-LG severe AS (6.4%) and classical LF-LG severe AS (6.1%). The overall in-hospital and total 1-year mortality rates were 6.4% and 14.8%, respectively. Pure severe AS had the highest mortality. For AS-predominant pathology, the etiology with the highest mortality was trileaflet valve degeneration; for AR-predominant pathology, it was dissection. The overall survival probability at 5 years was 79.5% in all patients, 75.7% in the AS-predominant subgroup, 83.3% in the AR-predominant subgroup, and 87.3% in the similar-severity subgroup. Conclusions The 3 most common causes of AS- predominant patients undergoing SAVR is bicuspid valve degeneration, degenerative trileaflet valve and rheumatic and for AR-predominant is root dilatation, rheumatic and IE. Rheumatic valve disease is an important etiology in our SAVR patients especially in mixed aortic valve disease. Study registration IJNREC/562/2022.

Carbon sequestration is obtained from the total accumulation of the element in both soil and plants. The enhancement has the capacity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and influence soil quality and fertility, thereby affecting plant biomass and crop yield. Therefore, this research aimed to compare the total carbon sequestration in rice field with different farming systems, determine soil characteristics, and identify the correlation between the total carbon sequestration and impact on rice yield. An exploratory-descriptive method was used through field survey and laboratory analysis. The locations were mapped by overlaying the Indonesian landform map of the Girimarto District with various rice field systems, soil types, and slopes. Furthermore, the 12 Land Mapping Units (LMU) with 3-time repetitions resulted in 36 sampling points. Data were processed by calculating total carbon sequestration and statistical tests such as one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation. The results showed that rice field farming systems affected the total carbon sequestration. Organic farming had the highest total carbon sequestration value of 72.49 Mg/ha and the increase had a strongly positive correlation with crop yield of paddy. Crop yield in organic farming were higher than in semi-organic and conventional systems by 8.92 tons/ha. Factors that determined total carbon sequestration were soil C-organic and microbial biomass C. The suggested improvement recommendations were the transition of conventional and semi-organic farming as well as adding a variety of organic fertilizers such as biofertilizers.

Psamments is sandy soil with a texture class of fine loamy sand or coarser in all layers, deposited sands such as dunes in beach lands with low soil biological fertility. Adding mycorrhizal, soil amendments, and inorganic fertilizers could improve soil fertility. This research aimed to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal, soil amendments, and inorganic fertilizers on soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), and root infections in Psamments. This research was a pot experimental in screenhouse, arranged in a factorial completely randomized design with three factors: three of mycorrhizal doses, M0 = 0 spore pot-1, M1 = 3 spores pot-1 and M2 = 6 spores pot-1; three types of soil amendments, P0 = non amendment, P1 = cow dung 60 t ha-1, P2 = rice husk biochar (RHB) 25 t ha-1; and two doses of inorganic fertilizer, A0 = 0 kg ha-1, A1 = 100 kg ha-1 NPK (15:15:15) fertilizer, replied three times. The results showed that mycorrhizal combination with RHB and inorganic fertilizer increased MBC up to 23 times than control. The combination of mycorrhizal-cow dung-inorganic fertilizer was the highest of total-GRSP (4.4 times) and mycorrhizal dose 6 spores pot-1 with both amendments and inorganic fertilizer increase root infection up to 90%. It was proven that mycorrhizal with soil amendments and inorganic fertilizers could improve the microbial properties of Psamments.