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A series of eleven chromene-dihydropyrimidinone and eleven xanthene-dihydropyrimidinone hybrid compounds were easily synthesized through a sequential multicomponent reaction followed by copper-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition reaction. The antibiofilm and antibacterial activities of hybrids were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the antibiofilm property was dose dependent. Most of the compounds showed antibiofilm activity against S. aureus without inhibiting its growth. In vivo, worms acutely or chronically exposed to the 15a hybrid presented decreased survival rate, brood size, and body length and increased number of apoptotic corpses; however these effects were only observed at the highest concentrations tested. In silico analyses suggested a novel target for this molecule in the SOS pathway for inducible DNA damage repair. Thus, the hybrids are promising compounds against bacterial biofilms which are associated with difficult-to-treat chronic infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lifestyle habits including energy-dense foods and ethanol intake are associated with anxiety disorders. m-Trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide [(m-CF 3 -PhSe) 2 ] has been reported to modulate serotonergic and opioidergic systems and elicit an anxiolytic-like phenotype in animal models. This study investigated if the modulation of synaptic plasticity and NMDAR-mediated neurotoxicity contributes to the (m-CF 3 -PhSe) 2 anxiolytic-like effect in young mice exposed to a lifestyle model. Swiss male mice (25-days old) were subjected to a lifestyle model, an energy-dense diet (20:20% lard: corn syrup) from the postnatal day (PND) 25-66 and sporadic ethanol (2 g/kg) (3 x a week, intragastrically, i.g.) from PND 45 to 60. From PND 60 to 66, mice received (m-CF 3 -PhSe) 2 (5 mg/kg/day; i.g). The corresponding vehicle (control) groups were carried out. After, mice performed anxiety-like behavioral tests. Mice exposed only to an energy-dense diet or sporadic ethanol did not show an anxiety-like phenotype. (m-CF 3 -PhSe) 2 abolished the anxiety-like phenotype in young mice exposed to a lifestyle model. Anxious-like mice showed increased levels of cerebral cortical NMDAR2A and 2B, NLRP3 and inflammatory markers, and decreased contents of synaptophysin, PSD95, and TRκB/BDNF/CREB signaling. (m-CF 3 -PhSe) 2 reversed cerebral cortical neurotoxicity, the increased levels of NMDA2A and 2B, and decreased levels of synaptic plasticity-related signaling in the cerebral cortex of young mice exposed to a lifestyle model. In conclusion, the (m-CF 3 -PhSe) 2 anxiolytic-like effect was associated with the modulation of NMDAR-mediated neurotoxicity and synaptic plasticity in the cerebral cortex of young mice exposed to the lifestyle model., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)