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146 results on '"Japee, Shruti"'

21. The Relationship between Emotional Valence, Anxiety, and Attentional Bias

Author

Bachmann, Helena, Japee, Shruti, Merriam, Elisha, and Liu, Tong

Subjects
Cognition and Perception, Neuroscience and Neurobiology, visual search, Cognitive Neuroscience, Cognitive Psychology, Life Sciences, emotion, Social and Behavioral Sciences, anxiety, attentional bias, attention, FOS: Psychology, emotional valence, trait anxiety, Psychology, state anxiety
Abstract

It is well-established that emotional stimuli, such as angry and happy faces, receive more attention than neutral stimuli (for a review, see Vuilleumier, 2005). Despite the consensus that the emotional significance of sensory events influences attention, the mechanism of emotional attention has not been fully understood. Additionally, an enduring attentional bias toward threat is commonly observed in highly anxious individuals (Bar-Haim et al., 2007). However, the exact type of anxiety—state or trait—that modulates the attentional bias for threat has not been agreed upon (Moser et al., 2012; Pacheco-Unguetti et al., 2010).

Published
2022
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22. The relationship between emotional valence, anxiety, and attentional disengagement

Author

Bachmann, Helena, Japee, Shruti, Merriam, Elisha, and Liu, Tong

Subjects
Cognition and Perception, Neuroscience and Neurobiology, Cognitive Neuroscience, Cognitive Psychology, Life Sciences, emotion, Social and Behavioral Sciences, anxiety, attentional bias, spatial cueing, attention, FOS: Psychology, emotional valence, trait anxiety, Psychology, state anxiety
Abstract

Despite many behavioral demonstrations of emotional attention (i.e., emotional stimuli receive more attention than neutral stimuli, for a review, see Vuilleumier, 2005), the exact mechanism by which emotional faces receive privileged processing is still unclear. One possibility is that emotional faces are harder to disengage from attention compared to neutral stimuli. More specifically, there are two seemingly contradictory hypotheses frequently cited to explain evidence of fear-related attentional bias: vigilance-avoidance (Mogg & Bradley, 1998) and attention maintenance (Fox et al., 2001). Additionally, highly anxious individuals are found to have an even stronger attentional bias toward threat, yet the attentional mechanism by which this occurs - facilitated capture and/or delayed disengagement – is not yet known (Bar-Haim et al., 2007). In our previous preregistered study (10.17605/OSF.IO/S975H), we examined how emotional valence and anxiety modulate attentional capture. Here, we will focus on attentional disengagement. We will examine the impact of the emotional valence of the cue (angry and happy faces) on attentional disengagement using an emotional spatial cueing paradigm (Fox et al., 2001) and how anxiety modulates attentional disengagement.

Published
2022
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25. From visual awareness to consciousness without sensory input: The role of spontaneous brain activity

Author

Vernet, Marine, Quentin, Romain, Japee, Shruti, Ungerleider, Leslie, Lyon, Claude, Lyon, France, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [Bethesda] (NINDS), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Vernet, Marine

Subjects
Brain activity and meditation, Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Article, 050105 experimental psychology, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Social cognition, Schema (psychology), Developmental and Educational Psychology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Cognitive neuropsychology, media_common, Cognitive science, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Field (Bourdieu), [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, [SCCO] Cognitive science, Visual awareness, Sensory input, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Consciousness, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

This manuscript is an invited commentary on the article "Toward a standard model of consciousness: Reconciling the attention schema, global workspace, higher-order thought, and illusionist theories", by Drs. Graziano, Guterstam, Bio, and Wilterson, published in Cognitive Neuropsychology (2020). We believe this article is a timely attempt to find commonalities among a growing number of theories on consciousness. In our commentary, we highlight the advantages of the Attention Schema Theory (AST) and we illustrate how recent findings are compatible with the proposed link between the AST, a theory based on social cognition, and theories originating from the field of neuroscience. Finally, we describe elements that could be included in future versions of the models of consciousness. In particular, we emphasize that the field of consciousness will greatly benefit from moving beyond how we become aware of external information to consider internally generated conscious experiences.

Published
2020

28. WILD FACES DATABASE: A database of heterogeneous faces for studying naturalistic expressions

Author

Taubert, Jessica, Houqiu Long, Japee, Shruti, and Peluso, Natalie

Subjects
facial behavior, affect, face perception, emotional expressions, facial expressions, face stimuli, expression recognition
Abstract

Data and visual stimuli from the publication: Long, H.*, Peluso, N.*, Baker, C.I. et al. A database of heterogeneous faces for studying naturalistic expressions. Sci Rep 13, 5383 (2023). *equally contributing first authors https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32659-5

Published
2021
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47. The Superior Temporal Sulcus Is Causally Connected to the Amygdala: A Combined TBS-fMRI Study.

Author

Pitcher, David, Japee, Shruti, Rauth, Lionel, and Ungerleider, Leslie G.

Subjects
*AMYGDALOID body, *TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation, *FUNCTIONAL magnetic resonance imaging, *FACE perception, *NEUROANATOMY
Abstract

Nonhuman primate neuroanatomical studies have identified a cortical pathway from the superior temporal sulcus (STS) projecting into dorsal subregions of the amygdala, but whether this same pathway exists in humans is unknown. Here, we addressed this question by combining theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TBS) with fMRI to test the prediction that the STS and amygdala are functionally connected during face perception. Human participants (N = 17) were scanned, over two sessions, while viewing 3 s video clips of moving faces, bodies, and objects. During these sessions, TBS was delivered over the face-selective right posterior STS (rpSTS) or over the vertex control site. A region-of-interest analysis revealed results consistent with our hypothesis. Namely, TBS delivered over the rpSTS reduced the neural response to faces (but not to bodies or objects) in the rpSTS, right anterior STS (raSTS), and right amygdala, compared with TBS delivered over the vertex. By contrast, TBS delivered over the rpSTS did not significantly reduce the neural response to faces in the right fusiform face area or right occipital face area. This pattern of results is consistent with the existence of a cortico-amygdala pathway in humans for processing face information projecting from the rpSTS, via the raSTS, into the amygdala. This conclusion is consistent with nonhuman primate neuroanatomy and with existing face perception models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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