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2. Differences in CO 2 Emissions on a Bare-Drained Peat Area in Sarawak, Malaysia, Based on Different Measurement Techniques.

Author

Mos, Hasimah, Harun, Mohd Haniff, Jantan, Nur Maisarah, Hashim, Zulkifli, Ibrahim, Anis Suriani, and Yusup, Yusri

Subjects
CARBON emissions, HETEROTROPHIC respiration, PEAT, SOIL respiration, PEAT soils, CARBONACEOUS aerosols, BOGS, PEATLANDS
Abstract

The drainage and cultivation of peatlands will lead to subsidence and mineralisation of organic matter, increasing carbon (C) loss as more CO2 is emitted. There is little information about carbon emissions from bare peat soil. A study was undertaken to measure the CO2 emissions from a logged-over peat swamp area that was purposely vegetation-free. We aimed to report CO2 emissions from a bare, drained peatland developed for an oil palm plantation. For 12 months, we used eddy covariance (EC), closed chambers, and soil subsidence measurements to derive CO2 emissions from a logged-over peat swamp area. Significant variations in the estimated soil CO2 efflux were observed in the three tested measurement techniques. The average CO2 flux rate measured by the EC technique was 4.94 ± 0.12 µmol CO2 m−2 s−1 (or 68.55 tonnes CO2 ha−1 year−1). Meanwhile, the soil CO2 efflux rate measured by the closed chamber technique was 4.19 ± 0.22 µmol CO2 m−2 s−1 (or 58.14 tonnes CO2 ha−1 year−1). Subsidence amounted to 1.9 cm year−1, corresponding to 36.12 tonnes CO2 ha−1 year−1. The estimation of the C loss was found to be highest by the EC technique, lower by the soil chamber technique, and lowest by the peat subsidence rate technique. The higher CO2 emission rate observed in the EC technique could be attributed to soil microbial respiration and decomposing woody residues in the nearby stacking rows due to the large EC footprint. It could also be affected by CO2 advection from oil palms adjacent to the study site. Despite the large differences in the CO2 emission rates by the different techniques, this study provides valuable information on the soil heterotrophic respiration of deep peat in Sarawak. Carbon emissions from a bare peat area cover only a fraction of the soil CO2 respiration component, i.e., the soil heterotrophic respiration. Further investigations are needed to determine the CO2 emissions by soil microbial activities and plant roots from other peat areas in Sarawak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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3. Driving Factors for Isoprene-Surface Ozone and Carbon Dioxide Chemistry Over an Oil Palm plantation in Malaysia

Author

nadzir, mohd shahrul mohd, primary, Ooi, Maggie Chel Gee, additional, Harris, Neil RP, additional, Bolas, Conor, additional, Bran, Sherin Hassan, additional, Macatangay, Ronald C, additional, Chan, Andy, additional, Teh, Yit Arn, additional, Jaafar, Wan Shafrina Wan Mohd, additional, Yusup, Yusri, additional, Latif, Mohd Talib, additional, Khan, Md Firoz, additional, Ahamad, Fatimah, additional, Kho, Lip Khoon, additional, Razak, A'fifah Abd, additional, Jantan, Nur Maisarah, additional, Hawari, Yahaya, additional, Yatim, Ahmad Norazhar Mohd, additional, Hamid, Haris Hafizal Abd, additional, Maulud, Khairul Nizam Abdul, additional, Wahab, Muhammad Ikram A, additional, Sahani, Mazrura, additional, Sabuti, Asnor Azrin, additional, Nor, Mohd Fadzil Firdzaus Mohd, additional, Ariff, Noratiqah Mohd, additional, Bakar, Mohd Aftar Abu, additional, Zainudin, Badrul Hisyam, additional, and Yik, Lin Chin, additional

Published
2020
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4. Impact of nitrification inhibitor with organic manure and urea on nitrogen use efficiency and yield performance of MR219 rice in acid sulphate soil

Author

Shamsuzzaman, S. M., Begum, Masuda, Mohd Saud, Halimi, Abd. Wahid, Samsuri, Musa, Mohamed Hanafi, Jantan, Nur Maisarah, Shamsuzzaman, S. M., Begum, Masuda, Mohd Saud, Halimi, Abd. Wahid, Samsuri, Musa, Mohamed Hanafi, and Jantan, Nur Maisarah

Abstract

A glasshouse experiment was designed to study the effects of nitrification inhibitor (Dicyandiamide; DCD) with organic manure and urea on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), growth performance and yield of MR219 rice. DCD along with N source increased NUE and apparent N recovery over that of sole application of urea. Application of DCD along with urea and oil palm compost (OPC) resulted in the highest NUE (25.94 kg/ha) and fertilizer N recovery by rice (61.75%) together with the highest increase of panicles/hill (17.43%) and filled grains/panicle (9.42%) over urea alone. The highest grain (21.95%) and straw (13.86%) yield increase over control was achieved from DCD with urea and OPC reflecting as the most potential combination to improve NUE and rice yield in acid sulphate soil.

Published
2017

5. Impact of nitrification inhibitor with organic manure and urea on nitrogen dynamics and N2O emission in acid sulphate soil

Author

Soud Mohd Halimi, Mohamed M. Hanafi, Jantan Nur Maisarah, A. W. Samsuri, Masuda Begum, and Shordar Mohamed Shamsuzzaman

Subjects
mineral N, Agriculture (General), Materials Science (miscellaneous), net N-mineralization, chemistry.chemical_element, urea, net nitrification, S1-972, N2O emission, chemistry.chemical_compound, Animal science, DCD, Organic manure, lcsh:Agriculture (General), Incubation, OM, Chemistry, Rice straw, Nitrogen, lcsh:S1-972, Agronomy, Soil water, Urea, Nitrification, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Cow dung
Abstract

The accurate prediction of N transformation is an important requisite for optimizing N use efficiency in cropping systems. An incubation study was conducted to verify the impacts of nitrification inhibitor (NI) with organic manure (OM) and urea on N dynamics and N2O emission in acid sulphate soil. The conducted experiment was two-level factorial with 4 N sources (N1 = 100% of N from urea, N2 = 75% of N from urea + 25% N from rice straw, N3 = 75% of N from urea + 25% of N from cow dung and N4 = 75% of N from urea + 25% of N from poultry dung) and two levels of NI (with and without DCD). The NI (Dicyandiamide - DCD) with OM + urea enhanced mineral N contents and it was the highest (255.07 µg∙g-1) for urea with DCD applications. The highest net N-mineralization (213.07 µg∙g-1) was recorded for the application of urea with DCD and net nitrification (16.26 µg∙g-1) was recorded for the application of urea alone, but the highest cumulative N2O emission (5.46 µg∙g-1) was in urea + poultry dung (PD). In addition, DCD most effectively inhibited net nitrification (28.78%) and N2O emission (32.40%) from cow dung (CD) and urea in the tested soils. The combination of DCD with CD and urea was more effective in reducing N2O emissions (43.69%). These results suggest that the DCD with CD and urea may be the most potential combination to reduce nitrification and N2O emission as well as N loss from acid sulphate soil.

Published
2015

6. Impact of nitrification inhibitor with organic manure and urea on nitrogen dynamics and N2O emission in acid sulphate soil

Author

Shamsuzzaman, Shordar Mohamed, Musa, Mohamed Hanafi, Abd. Wahid, Samsuri, Mohd Saud, Halimi, Begum, Masuda, Jantan, Nur Maisarah, Shamsuzzaman, Shordar Mohamed, Musa, Mohamed Hanafi, Abd. Wahid, Samsuri, Mohd Saud, Halimi, Begum, Masuda, and Jantan, Nur Maisarah

Abstract

The accurate prediction of N transformation is an important requisite for optimizing N use efficiency in cropping systems. An incubation study was conducted to verify the impacts of nitrification inhibitor (NI) with organic manure (OM) and urea on N dynamics and N2O emission in acid sulphate soil. The conducted experiment was two-level factorial with 4 N sources (N1 = 100% of N from urea, N2 = 75% of N from urea + 25% N from rice straw, N3 = 75% of N from urea + 25% of N from cow dung and N4 = 75% of N from urea + 25% of N from poultry dung) and two levels of NI (with and without DCD). The NI (Dicyandiamide - DCD) with OM + urea enhanced mineral N contents and it was the highest (255.07 µg∙g-1) for urea with DCD applications. The highest net N-mineralization (213.07 µg∙g-1) was recorded for the application of urea with DCD and net nitrification (16.26 µg∙g-1) was recorded for the application of urea alone, but the highest cumulative N2O emission (5.46 µg∙g-1) was in urea + poultry dung (PD). In addition, DCD most effectively inhibited net nitrification (28.78%) and N2O emission (32.40%) from cow dung (CD) and urea in the tested soils. The combination of DCD with CD and urea was more effective in reducing N2O emissions (43.69%). These results suggest that the DCD with CD and urea may be the most potential combination to reduce nitrification and N2O emission as well as N loss from acid sulphate soil.

Published
2016

7. Effects of nitrification inhibitor with organic manure and urea on protein and mineral contents in grain of Oryza sativa cv. MR219 cultivated in acid sulphate soil

Author

Shamsuzzaman, S. M., Musa, Mohamed Hanafi, Abd. Wahid, Samsuri, Mohd Saud, Halimi, Begum, Masuda, Jantan, Nur Maisarah, Shamsuzzaman, S. M., Musa, Mohamed Hanafi, Abd. Wahid, Samsuri, Mohd Saud, Halimi, Begum, Masuda, and Jantan, Nur Maisarah

Abstract

Several approaches to improve grain nutritive values involve in increasing seed accumulation of protein and micronutrients in rice. Therefore, a study was conducted to select a suitable combination of dicyandiamide (DCD) with organic manure (OM) and urea to improve protein and mineral content in rice grain of MR219. The protein (9.07-12.50%) and Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn concentrations increased from 1.92 to 21.05, 3.56 to 18.25, 2.25 to 20.22, 9.14 to 25.66, 3.34 to 27.20 and 5.17 to 23.86%, respectively due to the application of DCD with urea and OM. Moreover, the highest content of protein in grain was obtained for the application of DCD with urea and oil palm compost (OPC). Iron and Mn contents were also highest for DCD with urea and OPC, but Ca, Mg, Zn and Cu contents were highest for DCD with urea and poultry dung (PD) and kept similarity with DCD with urea and OPC.

Published
2016

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