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1. Babesia microti-induced fulminant sepsis in an immunocompromised host: A case report and the case-specific literature review

Author

Conte Harry A., Biondi Michael C., Janket Sok-Ja, Ackerson Leland K., and Diamandis Eleftherios P.

Subjects
babesia microti, intra-erythrocytic parasite, eukaryotic pathogens, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, recrudescence, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Babesia microti is an obligate intra-erythrocytic parasite transmitted by infected ticks. B. microti is a eukaryote much larger than prokaryotic microbes and more similar to human hosts in their biochemistry and metabolism. Moreover, Babesia spp. possess various immune evasion mechanisms leading to persistent and sometimes life-threatening diseases in immunocompromised hosts. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent adult B-cell malignancy, and a small percentage of CLL transforms into aggressive lymphomas. CLL also causes immune dysfunction due to the over-expansion of immature and ineffective B-cells. When our patient with indolent CLL presented with anemia, pancytopenia, and splenomegaly, all his healthcare providers presumptively assumed a malignant transformation of CLL. However, these are also the signs and symptoms of babesiosis. Herein, we report a case where B. microti infection was presumed as a malignant transformation of CLL and narrowly avoided a devastating outcome. Although the patient developed fulminant sepsis, he finally received the correct diagnosis and treatment. Unfortunately, the disease recrudesced twice. Each time, it became more difficult to control the infection. We describe the clinical course of the case and discuss the case-specific literature review. This report highlights the importance of differential diagnoses ruling out infections which include babesiosis, prior to initiating the treatment of B-cell malignancy.

Published
2022
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2. Contributors

Author

Abu-Shakra, Mahmoud, primary, Adiguzel, Yekbun, additional, Al Shawaf, Maisam, additional, Alghory, Amal, additional, Almeida, Isabel, additional, Alrais, Mahmoud, additional, Alrifaai, Mohamad Aosama, additional, Alwani, Abdulkarim, additional, Alwani, Abdulrahman, additional, Amital, Howard, additional, Anna, Dubaniewicz, additional, Arleevskaya, Marina, additional, Ashkenazi, Shai, additional, Athanassiou, Lambros, additional, Athanassiou, Panagiotis, additional, Atik, Houda, additional, Atzeni, Fabiola, additional, Balbir-Gurman, Alexandra, additional, Balcioglu, Zeynep Betul, additional, Baldini, Chiara, additional, Barbour, Mohammad, additional, Bashi, Tomer, additional, Belyaeva, Irina V., additional, Ben-Ami, Dana, additional, Blank, Miri, additional, Boccassini, Laura, additional, Bogdanos, Dimitrios P., additional, Bombardieri, Stefano, additional, Bost, Chloé, additional, Brandão, Mariana, additional, Braun-Moscovici, Yolanda, additional, Brooks, Wesley H., additional, Campar, A., additional, Carvalheiras, Graziela, additional, Cervera, R., additional, Churilov, Leonid P., additional, Cohen, Eytan, additional, Correia, J., additional, Darkhabani, Mohammad, additional, David, Paula, additional, de Carvalho, Jozélio Freire, additional, Deniz, Omer Faruk, additional, Detrick, Barbara, additional, Deutsch, Melanie, additional, Di Battista, Marco, additional, Dogan, Emir, additional, Dogru, Omer Faruk, additional, Domingues, Vital Da Silva, additional, Dotan, Arad, additional, Dow, Coad Thomas, additional, Durai, Malarvizhi, additional, Elefante, Elena, additional, Elsalti, Abdulrahman, additional, Erman, Mikhail V., additional, Esirgun, Sevval Nil, additional, Ferrão, C., additional, Ferreira, Álvaro, additional, Ferro, Francesco, additional, Fonseca, Tomás, additional, Garg, Ravindra Kumar, additional, Guilherme, Luiza, additional, Habra, Mona, additional, Halpert, Gilad, additional, Hammerstad, Sara Salehi, additional, Hooks, John J., additional, Ilchovska, Daisy, additional, Invernizzi, Pietro, additional, Israeli, E., additional, Janket, Sok-Ja, additional, Kalil, Jorge, additional, Karaoglan, Birnur Sinem, additional, Kiyak, Zeynep, additional, Kol, Mustafa Yusuf, additional, Kostoglou-Athanassiou, Ifigenia, additional, Krause, Ilan, additional, Kudryavtsev, Igor V., additional, Kumar, Neeraj, additional, Lavine, Noy, additional, Lerman, Tsahi T., additional, Levi, Assi, additional, Ling, Eduard, additional, Moutsopoulos, Haralampos M., additional, Mahajna, Hussein, additional, Mahroum, Naim, additional, Malhotra, Hardeep Singh, additional, Malkova, Аnna M., additional, Maoz-Segal, Ramit, additional, Marinho, António, additional, Mavragani, Clio P., additional, Meurman, Jukka H., additional, Milhes, Jean, additional, Mimouni, Daniel, additional, Morais, Cátia Iracema, additional, Moudgil, Kamal D., additional, Muniz Caldas, Cezar Augusto, additional, Neves, Esmeralda, additional, Neyestani, Kamyar, additional, Nikolaev, Alexei V., additional, Noversa de Sousa, Rita, additional, Ohayon, Aviran, additional, Palumbo, Antonino, additional, Pasoto, Sandra Gofinet, additional, Petríková, Jana, additional, Puxeddu, Ilaria, additional, Raftopoulou, Sylvia, additional, Renaudineau, Yves, additional, Ribeiro, Francinne Machado, additional, Rigopoulou, Eirini I., additional, Rosário, Cristina, additional, Rossa, Alessandra Della, additional, Sahin, Meyha, additional, Sarzi-Puttini, Piercarlo, additional, Seguro, Luciana Parente Costa, additional, Seida, Isa, additional, Seida, Ravend, additional, Serpa Pinto, L., additional, Sharon, Eran, additional, Shoenfeld, Yehuda, additional, Smyk, Daniel S., additional, Sousa, Rita Catarina Medeiros, additional, Starshinova, Anna A., additional, Tamimi, Faleh, additional, Tocut, Milena, additional, Tomer, Yaron, additional, Tunitsky-Lifshitz, Yulia, additional, Vasconcelos, Carlos, additional, Vasconcelos, Júlia, additional, Vassilopoulos, Dimitrios, additional, Venkatesha, Shivaprasad H., additional, Villanueva, Ronald, additional, Vita, Pedro, additional, Yablonskiy, Piotr K., additional, Yilmaz, Mesut, additional, Zamorano, Bryan, additional, Zandman-Goddard, Gisele, additional, Zinchenko, Yulia S., additional, and Zoubi, Magdi, additional

Published
2024
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11. Periodontitis and edentulism as risk indicators for mortality: Results from a prospective cohort study with 20 years of follow‐up

Author

Antonoglou, Georgios N., Romandini, Mario, Meurman, Jukka H., Surakka, Markku, Janket, Sok‐Ja, Sanz Alonso, Mariano, Antonoglou, Georgios N., Romandini, Mario, Meurman, Jukka H., Surakka, Markku, Janket, Sok‐Ja, and Sanz Alonso, Mariano

Abstract

CRUE-CSIC (Acuerdos Transformativos 2022), Aim: To investigate the association between periodontitis and edentulism with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. Methods: Baseline data of 506 subjects including 256 angiographically verified coronary artery disease patients and 250 matched participants in cardiovascular health from the Kuopio Oral Health and Heart study were collected from 1995–1996. Mortality data were accrued until May 31, 2015, and related to baseline periodontal health and edentulism, assessed as exposure and collected by means of clinical and radiographic examination by a single examiner. Cox proportional hazards regression models were fit using covariates such as age, gender, smoking, BMI, and education. The final sample size for the periodontitis models ranged from 358 to 376, while the edentate models included 413 to 503 subjects for CVD and all-cause mortality, respectively with no missing values in the predictor, confounders, and outcome. Results: The strongest association was found between edentulism and CVD and allcause mortality (HR: 1.9 CVD, HR: 1.6all-cause; p< .01). Conclusions: Edentulism considered as a poor oral health marker was associated strongly with CVD mortality while periodontitis was not., Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Fac. de Odontología, TRUE, pub

Published
2022

15. Periodontitis and edentulism as risk indicators for mortality: Results from a prospective cohort study with 20 years of follow-up.

Author

Antonoglou, Georgios N., Romandini, Mario, Meurman, Jukka H., Surakka, Markku, Janket, Sok-Ja, and Sanz, Mariano

Subjects
MORTALITY risk factors, CARDIOVASCULAR disease related mortality, CAUSES of death, PERIODONTITIS, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, EDENTULOUS mouth, DENTAL care, RISK assessment, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors, LONGITUDINAL method, PROPORTIONAL hazards models, DISEASE complications
Abstract

Aim: To investigate the association between periodontitis and edentulism with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. Methods: Baseline data of 506 subjects including 256 angiographically verified coronary artery disease patients and 250 matched participants in cardiovascular health from the Kuopio Oral Health and Heart study were collected from 1995–1996. Mortality data were accrued until May 31, 2015, and related to baseline periodontal health and edentulism, assessed as exposure and collected by means of clinical and radiographic examination by a single examiner. Cox proportional hazards regression models were fit using covariates such as age, gender, smoking, BMI, and education. The final sample size for the periodontitis models ranged from 358 to 376, while the edentate models included 413 to 503 subjects for CVD and all-cause mortality, respectively with no missing values in the predictor, confounders, and outcome. Results: The strongest association was found between edentulism and CVD and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.9 CVD, HR: 1.6all-cause; p < .01). Conclusions: Edentulism considered as a poor oral health marker was associated strongly with CVD mortality while periodontitis was not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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16. The therapeutic relevance of the Kallikrein-Kinin axis in SARS-cov-2-induced vascular pathology.

Author

Sohaei, Dorsa, Hollenberg, Morley, Janket, Sok-Ja, Diamandis, Eleftherios P., Poda, Gennady, and Prassas, Ioannis

Subjects
THROMBOSIS risk factors, COVID-19, NEPHRONS, CELL receptors, SIGNAL peptides, PROTEOLYTIC enzymes, RENIN-angiotensin system, CELLULAR signal transduction, VASODILATORS, VASCULAR diseases, DRUG development, BLOOD coagulation factors, ANGIOTENSIN converting enzyme, DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

While coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) begins as a respiratory infection, it progresses as a systemic disease involving multiorgan microthromboses that underly the pathology. SARS-CoV-2 enters host cells via attachment to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. ACE2 is widely expressed in a multitude of tissues, including the lung (alveolar cells), heart, intestine, kidney, testis, gallbladder, vasculature (endothelial cells), and immune cells. Interference in ACE2 signaling could drive the aforementioned systemic pathologies, such as endothelial dysfunction, microthromboses, and systemic inflammation, that are typically seen in patients with severe COVID-19. ACE2 is a component of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) and is intimately associated with the plasma kallikrein-kinin system (KKS). As many papers are published on the role of ACE and ACE2 in COVID-19, we will review the role of bradykinin, and more broadly the KSS, in SARS-CoV-2-induced vascular dysfunction. Furthermore, we will discuss the possible therapeutic interventions that are approved and in development for the following targets: coagulation factor XII (FXII), tissue kallikrein (KLK1), plasma kallikrein (KLKB1), bradykinin (BK), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), bradykinin B1 receptor (BKB1R), bradykinin B2 receptor (BKB2R), ACE, furin, and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Understanding these targets may prove of value in the treatment of COVID-19 as well as in other virus-induced coagulopathies in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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18. Contributors

Author

Abdurakhmanov, Alexander, primary, Abu-Shakra, Mahmoud, additional, Afanasyeva, Marina, additional, Agmon-Levin, Nancy, additional, Albert, Paul J., additional, Almeida, Isabel, additional, Alves, Rute, additional, Amital, Howard, additional, Andrade, Paulo, additional, Antonelli, Alessandro, additional, Puccetti, Antonio, additional, Arango, María-Teresa, additional, Atzeni, Fabiola, additional, Baird, Alison E., additional, Balbir-Gurman, Alexandra, additional, Bashi, Tomer, additional, Batticciotto, Alberto, additional, Benucci, Maurizio, additional, Blank, Miri, additional, Bogdanos, Dimitrios P., additional, Bombardieri, S., additional, Borella, E., additional, Bosis, Samantha, additional, Bournia, Vasiliki Kalliopi, additional, Brandão, Mariana, additional, Braun-Moscovici, Yolanda, additional, Brender-Gotlieb, Neta, additional, Cainelli, Francesca, additional, Caldas, Cezar Augusto Muniz, additional, Campar, A., additional, Carvalheiras, Graziela, additional, Cervera, R., additional, Chapman, Joab, additional, Chastain, Emily M.L., additional, Claudio, Lunardi, additional, Cohen, Eytan, additional, Conti, Fabrizio, additional, Correia, J., additional, Carvalho, Jozélio Freire de, additional, Rossa, A. Della, additional, Detrick, Barbara, additional, Deutsch, Melanie, additional, Di Domenicantonio, Andrea, additional, Domeneghetti, M., additional, Domingues, Vital, additional, Doria, A., additional, Dow, Coad Thomas, additional, Dreyfus, David H., additional, Drouin, Elise E., additional, Dubaniewicz, Anna, additional, Durai, Malarvizhi, additional, Ebringer, Alan, additional, Ehrenfeld, Michael, additional, Elisa, Tinazzi, additional, Esposito, Susanna, additional, Fallahi, Poupak, additional, Faria, Raquel, additional, Farinha, Fátima, additional, Ferrannini, Ele, additional, Ferrari, Silvia Martina, additional, Ferreira, Alvaro, additional, Ferrão, C., additional, Garg, Ravindra Kumar, additional, Gatto, M., additional, Ghirardello, A., additional, Giovanna, Zanoni, additional, Giuseppe, Patuzzo, additional, Givaty, Gili, additional, Guilherme, Luiza, additional, Hammerstad, Sara Salehi, additional, Hodak, Emillia, additional, Hooks, John J., additional, Iaccarino, L., additional, Invernizzi, Pietro, additional, Israeli, Eitan, additional, Jamin, Christophe, additional, Janket, Sok-Ja, additional, Jarčuška, Peter, additional, Jones, Rodney P., additional, Kalil, Jorge, additional, Kanasi, Eleni, additional, Kivity, Shaye, additional, Konikoff, Tom, additional, Kozáková, D., additional, Krause, Ilan, additional, Lerner, Aaron, additional, Lidar, Merav, additional, Ling, Eduard, additional, Mahajna, Hussein, additional, Mahroum, Naim, additional, Maoz-Segal, Ramit, additional, Marinho, António, additional, Marshall, Trevor G., additional, Martinelli, Maria, additional, Marzia, Dolcino, additional, Mavragani, Clio P., additional, Mendonça, Teresa, additional, Miller, Stephen D., additional, Mimouni, Daniel, additional, Monteiro, Marta, additional, Moudgil, Kamal D., additional, Moulton, Vaishali R., additional, Moutsopoulos, Haralampos M., additional, Nagpal, Kamalpreet, additional, Neves, Esmeralda, additional, Nussenblatt, Robert, additional, Ollech, Ayelet, additional, Palma, L., additional, Pasoto, Sandra Gofinet, additional, Pella, Daniel, additional, Pereira, Cláudia, additional, Perricone, Carlo, additional, Petríková, Jana, additional, Proal, Amy D., additional, Rashid, Taha, additional, Reif, Shimon, additional, Renaudineau, Yves, additional, Ribeiro, Francinne Machado, additional, Rigante, Donato, additional, Rigopoulou, Eirini I., additional, Rose, Noel R., additional, Rosário, Cristina, additional, Rovenský, J., additional, Sakkas, Lazaros I., additional, Sarzi-Puttini, Piercarlo, additional, Seguro, Luciana Parente Costa, additional, Semino, Margherita, additional, Shoenfeld, Yehuda, additional, Silva, S., additional, Simonin, Laurent, additional, Smyk, Daniel S., additional, Sousa, Rita Catarina Medeiros, additional, Stagnaro, C., additional, Steere, Allen C., additional, Strle, Klemen, additional, Tektonidou, Maria G., additional, Tishler, Moshe, additional, Tomer, Yaron, additional, Toubi, Elias, additional, Tsokos, George C., additional, Vadasz, Zahava, additional, Valesini, Guido, additional, Vasconcelos, Carlos, additional, Vasconcelos, Júlia, additional, Vassilopoulos, Dimitrios, additional, Venkatesha, Shivaprasad H., additional, Vento, Sandro, additional, Viale, Christophe, additional, Villanueva, Ronald, additional, Vita, Pedro, additional, Wilson, Clyde, additional, Youinou, Pierre, additional, Záňová, E., additional, Zandman-Goddard, Gisele, additional, and Zen, M., additional

Published
2015
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24. Convicting a wrong molecule?

Author

Janket, Sok-Ja, Meurman, Jukka H., and Diamandis, Eleftherios P.

Subjects
*NONNUTRITIVE sweeteners, *HIGH-fat diet
Abstract

This letter responds to a commentary on artificial sweeteners by Dr. Tilg in the New England Journal of Medicine. The authors argue that the results presented by bench scientists need re-evaluation due to potential confounding and biases. They critique the studies cited by Dr. Tilg, suggesting that they fail to consider other factors that may contribute to the observed effects. The authors propose that glucose, rather than artificial sweeteners, may be the key contributor to certain health outcomes. They provide data showing positive correlations between erythritol levels and cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting that erythritol may be an epiphenomenon. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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36. Oral and Systemic Effects of Xylitol Consumption

Author

Janket, Sok-Ja, Benwait, Jaspreet, Isaac, Paul, Ackerson, Leland K., Meurman, Jukka H., Clinicum, HUS Head and Neck Center, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases

Subjects
Gut microbiome, Low-glycemic effects, MUTANS STREPTOCOCCI, DENTAL-CARIES, SUGAR ALCOHOLS, MICROBIAL COMMUNITY, LONG-TERM, food and beverages, Anticariogenicity, ANTICARIES EFFICACY, SORBITOL, 313 Dentistry, CLINICAL-TRIAL, carbohydrates (lipids), CONTAINING CHEWING GUM, Gut dysbiosis, Glucosyltransferase, Antiacidogenicity, NONNUTRITIVE SWEETENERS
Abstract

Recent results of randomized trials testing the efficacy of xylitol in caries prevention have been conflicting. This narrative review reveals the sources of discrepancy. The following databases were searched for the terms xylitol or artificial sweeteners restricted to the English language: PubMed, Web of Science, Evidenced-Based Medicine, Scopus, and the Cochrane database. In a separate search, the terms dental caries or cariogenicity or glucosyltransferase or low glycemic or low insulinemic or dysbiosis or gut microbiome were used and then combined. In section I, findings regarding the role of xylitol in dental caries prevention, the appropriateness of research methods, and the causes for potential biases are summarized. In section II, the systemic effects of xylitol on gut microbiota as well as low-glycemic/insulinogenic systemic effects are evaluated and summarized. The substitution of a carbonyl group with an alcohol radical in xylitol hinders its absorption and slowly releases sugar into the bloodstream. This quality of xylitol is beneficial for diabetic patients to maintain a constant glucose level. Although this quality of xylitol has been proven in in vitro and animal studies, it has yet to be proven in humans. Paradoxically, recent animal studies reported hyperglycemia and intestinal dysbiosis with artificial sweetener consumption. Upon careful inspection of evidence, it was revealed that these reports may be due to misinterpretation of original references or flaws in study methodology. Any systemic benefits of xylitol intake must be weighed in consideration with the well-established adverse gastrointestinal consequences. The contribution of xylitol to gut dysbiosis that may affect systemic immunity warrants further research.

Published
2019

46. Gut microbiotas and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy response: a causal or coincidental relationship?

Author

Janket, Sok-Ja, Ackerson, Leland K., and Diamandis, Eleftherios P.

Subjects
*GUT microbiome, *HUMAN microbiota, *PROGRAMMED cell death 1 receptors, *T cells, *PROOF of concept, *IMMUNE response, *PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY
Abstract

As the largest immune organ, human gut microbiome could influence the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (ICI). However, identifying contributory microbes from over 35,000 species is virtually impossible and the identified microbes are not consistent among studies. The reason for the disparity may be that the microbes found in feces are markers of other factors that link immune response and microbiotas. Notably, gut microbiome is influenced by stool consistency, diet and other lifestyle factors. Therefore, the ICI and microbiotas relationship must be adjusted for potential confounders and analyzed longitudinally. Moreover, a recent study where 11 low-abundance commensal bacteria induced interferon-γ-producing CD8 T cells, challenges the validity of the abundance-oriented microbiotas investigations. This study also confirmed the hierarchy in immunogenic roles among microbiotas. Fecal transplantation trials in germ-free mice provided "the proof of principle" that germ-free mice reproduce the donor's microbiome and corresponding ICI efficacy. However, species-specific biological differences prevent direct extrapolation between the results in murine and human models. Fecal transplantation or supplementation with microbes found in ICI responders requires caution due to potential adverse events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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49. A three-item scale for the early prediction of stroke recovery

Author

Baird, Alison E, Dambrosia, James, Janket, Sok-Ja, Eichbaum, Quentin, Chaves, Claudia, Silver, Brian, Barber, P Alan, Parsons, Mark, Darby, David, Davis, Stephen, Caplan, Louis R, Edelman, Robert E, and Warach, Steven

Subjects
Stroke (Disease) -- Prognosis, Magnetic resonance imaging
Published
2001

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