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1. New-Onset Depression Following Hip Fracture Is Associated With Increased Length of Stay in Hospital and Rehabilitation Centers

Author

Anna C. Phillips, Jane Upton, Douglas Carroll, Niharika Arora Duggal, and Janet M. Lord

Subjects
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, AZ20-999, Social Sciences
Abstract

This article examines the coincident effects of new-onset depression post hip fracture on length of hospital stay, readmission rates, and incidence of infections in older adults. Participants were 101 hip fracture patients aged 60+ years; 38 developed depressive symptoms following their fracture. Infection rates, readmissions to hospital and rehabilitation units, and length of hospital stay were assessed over the 6 months post hip fracture from hospital and general practitioner notes. Patients who developed depression by Week 6 post fracture were likely to spend more time in hospital/rehabilitation wards ( p = .02) and more likely to be discharged to a rehabilitation unit ( p < .05). There were no group differences in readmissions or infection rates. New-onset depression coincident with hip fracture in older adults is associated with longer hospital ward stays and greater need for rehabilitation.

Published
2015
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12. Understanding immunesenescence

Author

Anna C. Whittaker, Jane Upton, Niharika Arora Duggal, Chadni Deb, Charanjit Randhawa, Jan Oyebode, and Janet Lord

Abstract

This chapter discusses the impact of hip fracture in older age and in particular factors affecting recovery of physical function and wellbeing. It focuses particularly on a study of the impact of depression following hip fracture in older adults, and the influence of this depression on a range of outcomes including immune function, stress hormones, illness perceptions, physical function, and length of stay in health service and rehabilitation facilities. It shows that depression is common following hip fracture among older people, and is the biggest predictor of a slower recovery and poorer function in terms of immunity, wellbeing and physical ability. A pilot study associated with this research showed that illness perceptions following hip fracture did not differ between UK and Punjabi older adults, but that Punjabi speakers in India had greater levels of distress. Implications for health service policy and practice resulting from this research are discussed in this chapter, including potential intervention strategies to improve outcomes after hip fracture.

Published
2018
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14. Understanding ageing: biological and social perspectives

Author

Terence Davis, Alan Bernjak, Peter V. E. McClintock, Mark C. Bagley, Joanna Elizabeth Latimer, Jane Upton, Lynne S. Cox, Penelope A. Mason, David Steinsaltz, Anna C. Phillips, and Aneta Stefanovska

Subjects
Quality of life (healthcare), Molecular level, Ageing, Perception, media_common.quotation_subject, Perspective (graphical), Social environment, Meaning (existential), Psychology, Psychosocial, media_common, Developmental psychology
Abstract

In this chapter, we discuss how social and biological studies of ageing can converge to provide a meaningful framework for progress in both understanding ageing and dealing with it in a positive manner. We start by discussing the meaning of the term 'ageing' and how it is in part defined by social context, and then, how psychosocial factors have an impact on both perception and the biological reality of ageing. From a theoretical perspective, we assess how ageing might have evolved, and how it is measured. The biological impacts of ageing are then described, moving from individual cells through tissues to major organ systems (immune, cardiovascular and nervous systems) (see Figure 2.1). What causes individual cells of the body to age is dealt with at both a cellular and molecular level, and we further discuss how studies of both extremely long-lived and short-lived humans have contributed significantly not only to our understanding of the biological processes of ageing, but also to the possibility of developing therapies to deal with the problems that cause greatest loss of quality of life in older age. We end by assessing the ethical case for intervening in those biological processes underpinning the development of those illnesses that so undermine health in later life.

Published
2014
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15. Depressive symptoms in hip fracture patients are associated with reduced monocyte superoxide production

Author

Anna C. Phillips, Peter Hampson, Amy Beswetherick, Jane Upton, Janet M. Lord, and Niharika A. Duggal

Subjects
Male, Aging, Hydrocortisone, Gastroenterology, Biochemistry, Cortisol, Hip fracture, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Superoxides, Prospective Studies, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, 80 and over, Superoxide, Depression, Depressive symptoms, Middle Aged, medicine.anatomical_structure, B7-1 Antigen, Cytokines, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Female, medicine.medical_specialty, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Immune system, Internal medicine, medicine, Genetics, Humans, Molecular Biology, Aged, Analysis of Variance, business.industry, Hip Fractures, Monocyte, HLA-DR Antigens, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, Ageing, chemistry, Case-Control Studies, Immunology, Monocyte function, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, B7-2 Antigen, business, Stress, Psychological
Abstract

Ageing is accompanied by reduced functioning of the immune system, termed immunesenescence which is associated with increased risk of infection and mortality. However the immune system does not operate in isolation and can be modified by many environmental factors, including stress. In this study we determined whether physical stress (hip fracture) and psychological distress (depressive symptoms) had additive effects upon the aged immune system, specifically on monocyte numbers and function. We assessed immune function in 101 hip fracture patients (81 female) 6 weeks and 6 months after injury and 43 healthy age matched controls (28 females). Thirty-eight of the hip fracture group were found to be depressed at the 6 week sampling. No differences in peripheral monocyte count, distribution of monocyte subsets or TNFα secretion were observed between hip fracture patients and healthy controls. However we observed significantly reduced superoxide production in response to Escherichia coli in the monocytes of hip fracture patients who developed depressive symptoms compared with non-depressed hip fracture patients (p = 0.002) or healthy controls (p = 0.008) 6 weeks after the fracture which remained decreased 6 months following injury. In previous studies we have shown an effect of depression on neutrophil superoxide generation in hip fracture patients, suggesting a particular susceptibility of this aspect of immune cell function to psychological stress.

Published
2014
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16. Depressive symptoms are associated with reduced neutrophil function in hip fracture patients

Author

Niharika A. Duggal, Anna C. Phillips, Janet M. Lord, Peter Hampson, and Jane Upton

Subjects
Male, Aging, Neutrophils, Poison control, Gastroenterology, Cortisol, Hip fracture, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Neutrophil function, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Depression, Incidence (epidemiology), Depressive symptoms, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Female, musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Down-Regulation, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Phagocytosis, Internal medicine, medicine, Escherichia coli, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, business.industry, Hip Fractures, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, Case-control study, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease, Ageing, Case-Control Studies, bacteria, business, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Highlight • Depressive symptoms are a major driver of reduced immunity after hip fracture., Hip fracture is a common trauma in older adults with a high incidence of depression, which relates to poorer prognosis including increased risk of infection. Ageing is accompanied by reduced immunity, termed immunesenescence, resulting in increased susceptibility to infection. We examined whether physical trauma (hip fracture) and psychological distress (depressive symptoms) had additive effects upon the aged immune system that might contribute to poor outcomes after injury. Neutrophil function was assessed in 101 hip fracture patients (81 female) 6 weeks and 6 months after injury and 43 healthy age-matched controls (28 female). Thirty eight fracture patients had depressive symptoms at 6 weeks. No difference in neutrophil phagocytosis of Escherichia coli was observed between controls and hip fracture patients, but superoxide production was significantly reduced in hip fracture patients with depressive symptoms compared with patients without symptoms (p = .001) or controls (p = .004) at 6 weeks. Superoxide production improved 6 months following fracture to the level seen in controls. We detected elevated serum cortisol, reduced dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) and an increased cortisol:DHEAS ratio in fracture patients with depressive symptoms compared with patients without depressive symptoms or controls at 6 weeks and 6 months after injury. Serum IL6, TNFα and IL10 were higher among patients with depressive symptoms at 6 weeks. The cortisol:DHEAS ratio and IL6 levels related to depressive symptom scores but not to neutrophil function. In conclusion, depressive symptoms related to poorer neutrophil function after hip fracture, but this was not driven by changes in stress hormone or cytokine levels.

Published
2013
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17. Asthma-specific health-related quality of life of people in Great Britain: A national survey

Author

David Price, Jane Upton, Emily Humphreys, Samantha Walker, and Carine Lewis

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Cross-sectional study, Health Status, Population, Asthma treatment, Poor quality, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, immune system diseases, Environmental health, Surveys and Questionnaires, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Asthma, Aged, Health related quality of life, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Health Surveys, humanities, United Kingdom, respiratory tract diseases, Hospitalization, 030228 respiratory system, Socioeconomic Factors, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Physical therapy, Quality of Life, Regression Analysis, Female, business
Abstract

Although the ultimate goal of asthma treatment is to improve asthma-specific Health-Related Quality-Of-Life (HRQOL), in the UK population this is insufficiently studied. National asthma-specific HRQOL data is needed to inform strategies to address this condition.To benchmark asthma-specific HRQOL in a national survey of adults with asthma, and explore differences in this measure within subsections of the population.We analysed answers to the Marks Asthma Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (AQLQ-M) from a representative sample of 658 adults with asthma. Respondents answered asthma-specific questions to assess control, previous hospital admissions, asthma attacks and an indicator of severity. Higher scores indicate poorer HRQOL (maximum = 60). The highest quintile formed a subgroup 'Poor HRQOL'. Data were weighted to correct for any biases caused by differential non-response. Chi-square analyses were used to determine differences between good and poor quality of life and regression analyses performed to determine what factors are associated with poor HRQOL.The response rate was 49%. AQLQ-M median (IQR) scores were 5 (2-13) for the total sample (poor HRQOL = 21, good HRQOL = 3). Significant differences between good and poor HRQOL were observed in smoking status, SES, employment status and co-morbidities, but no differences were found between age groups. Those with poorly controlled asthma were significantly more likely to have poor HRQOL, ≥1 breathing related hospital admission or ≥1 asthma attack.This article provides benchmarking data on asthma-specific HRQOL. Improved strategies are needed to target interventions towards people experiencing poor HRQOL.

Published
2016

18. The standardized and mini versions of the PAQLQ are valid, reliable, and responsive measurement tools

Author

Annie Wing, Samantha Walker, Jane Upton, Monica Fletcher, Klas Svensson, and Peter F. Weller

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Psychometrics, Epidemiology, Intraclass correlation, Concordance, Severity of Illness Index, Correlation, symbols.namesake, Quality of life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Statistics, medicine, Humans, Child, Reliability (statistics), business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Asthma, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, Asthma Control Questionnaire, Quality of Life, Physical therapy, symbols, Female, business, Algorithms, Health Utilities Index
Abstract

Objective The Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) is a validated tool developed to assess the impact of symptoms on quality of life. Here we assess the validity, reliability and responsiveness of two new simpler versions of this questionnaire: the Standardised PAQLQ and the MiniPAQLQ. Study Design and Setting Participants included 42 children with asthma, who completed the PAQLQ, PAQLQ(S), MiniPAQLQ, Asthma Control Questionnaire, and Health Utilities Index at baseline, one, five and nine weeks. Concordance between questionnaires was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), bias by paired Student's t -tests and closeness of association by Pearson correlation coefficients. Results Correlation coefficients for each of the corresponding domains of the PAQLQ with the PAQLQ(S) were strong ( r >0.97), and moderate to strong ( r =0.50–0.94) with the MiniPAQLQ. Reliability was strong for both the PAQLQ(S) (ICC>0.89) and MiniPAQLQ (ICC>0.91). The responsiveness index values for the PAQLQ(S) (0.96) and the MiniPAQLQ (1.05) were both higher than that of the original PAQLQ (0.90). Cross sectional and longitudinal correlation coefficients were similar for all three instruments. Conclusion The PAQLQ(S) and the MiniPAQLQ are valid, reliable and responsive to change. They can be used with confidence for long-term monitoring in clinical trials.

Published
2012
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19. Emotions and breathing patterns in asthma

Author

Jane Upton

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, Breathing pattern, immune system diseases, Physical therapy, medicine, Breathing, Anxiety, medicine.symptom, business, General Nursing, Depression (differential diagnoses), Asthma
Abstract

Jane Upton outlines the relationship between breathing patterns, emotions and asthma, and the scientific evidence supporting breathing training for patients with asthma

Published
2012
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20. Shared decision making or paternalism in nursing consultations? A qualitative study of primary care asthma nurses’ views on sharing decisions with patients regarding inhaler device selection

Author

Samantha Walker, Ann Louise Caress, Jane Upton, Hazel Madoc-Sutton, Monica Fletcher, and Aziz Sheikh

Subjects
business.industry, Inhaler, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, MEDLINE, Public policy, medicine.disease, Paternalism, Nursing, Selection (linguistics), Medicine, Patient participation, business, Qualitative research, Asthma
Abstract

Background Although patients with asthma would like more involvement in the decision-making process, and UK government policy concerning chronic conditions supports shared decision making, it is not widely used in practice. Objective To investigate how nurses approach decision making in relation to inhaler choice and long-term inhaler use within a routine asthma consultation and to better understand the barriers and facilitators to shared decision making in practice. Setting and participants Semi-structured interviews were conducted with post-registration, qualified nurses who routinely undertook asthma consultations and were registered on a respiratory course. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using the Framework approach. Results Twenty participants were interviewed. Despite holding positive views about shared decision making, limited shared decision making was reported. Opportunities for patients to share decisions were only offered in relation to inhaler device, which were based on the nurses pre-selected recommendations. Giving patients this choice was seen as key to improving adherence. Discussion There is a discrepancy between nurses understanding of shared decision making and the depictions of shared decision making presented in the academic literature and NHS policy. In this study, shared decision making was used as a tool to support the nurses agenda, rather than as a natural expression of equality between the nurse and patient.

Published
2011
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21. Assessment of psychosocial problems in primary care COPD patients

Author

Samantha Walker, Hazel Madoc-Sutton, Aziz Sheikh, Christine Loveridge, Monica Fletcher, and Jane Upton

Subjects
Response rate (survey), Spirometry, Advanced Practice Nursing, medicine.medical_specialty, COPD, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine.disease, United Kingdom, Confidence interval, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Quality and Outcomes Framework, Quality of life, Health Care Surveys, Surveys and Questionnaires, Quality of Life, Physical therapy, Humans, Psychology, Medicine, business, Psychosocial, General Nursing, Depression (differential diagnoses), Quality of Health Care
Abstract

The emphasis placed on assessing psychosocial needs in nurse-led practice based consultations for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been reported. We investigated the frequency with which nurses performed a range of tasks, and explored if the types of tasks performed were related to levels of training or the setting of clinical consultations. Participants were lead COPD nurses based at 500 randomly selected UK general practices. Respondents completed a questionnaire between February and June 2006. The frequency with which key task were performed – never, sometimes, often or always – was recorded. Follow up consultations were conducted by 349 of the 368 nurses who responded (74% response rate). Of these, 51% (95% confidence interval (CI):45–56%) reported often or always assessing psychosocial needs, in comparison to 98% (97–99%) who reported often or always checking inhaler technique and 86% (82–89%) who often or always recorded spirometry values. Frequent assessment of psychosocial needs was associated with post registration COPD education and consultations taking place in designated respiratory clinics. Nurses focus on objective tasks, possibly to the detriment of assessing psychosocial needs. To raise the profile of these aspects of care: updates of the COPD section of the GMS contract should encompass the assessment of patient’s psychosocial status and potential impact of this on quality of life; and appropriate education should be provided.

Published
2010
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22. Pulse check as a screen for atrial fibrillation

Author

Jane Upton, Hazel Madoc-Sutton, and Eileen Pearson

Subjects
medicine.diagnostic_test, Electronic sphygmomanometer, business.industry, Pulse (signal processing), Questionnaire, Atrial fibrillation, medicine.disease, Palpation, Practice nurse, Blood pressure, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Medicine, Medical emergency, business, General Nursing, General Environmental Science
Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess whether practice nurses are missing opportunities to identify atrial fibrillation by not palpating the pulse. A questionnaire survey of practice nurses attending training at Education for Health was conducted between June and August 2007. A total of 105 nurses completed the questionnaire. Of those who used an electronic sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure, 24% did not palpate the pulse. Pulse palpation is a quick and easy method of screening for atrial fibrillation and should be an essential part of all relevant consultations.

Published
2009
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23. Behavior Change Techniques

Author

Carley Gomez-Meade, Skye Fitzpatrick, Amiram Gafni, Ding Ding, Alyssa Haney, Michael Kotlyar, Brian Borsari, Benjamin Hidalgo, Eric Roy, Wendy Troxel, Betina R. Yanez, J. Rick Turner, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Kevin S. Masters, Victoria Harms, Susan Michie, John Hustad, Michele L. Okun, M. Di Katie Sebastiano, Timothy H. Wideman, Annie T. Ginty, Karen Dawe, Marc D. Gellman, Michelle Drerup, Adriana Carrillo, Shuji Inada, Alexander J. Rothman, Stephanie Ann Hooker, Dana Brimmer, Stephen Birch, Linda C. Baumann, Heidi Hamann, Elliott A. Beaton, Brian M. Hughes, Yori Gidron, John P. Vuchetich, Patricia Woltz, Alyssa Karel, Lorin Elias, Kavita Vedhara, Chad Barrett, Misuzu Nakashima, Mary Spiers, Catherine Benedict, Kristen Riley, Cara Wong, Masahiro Hashizume, Luigi Meneghini, Klaus Gebel, Simon Sherry, Sarah Messiah, Annette L. Stanton, Michael J. L. Sullivan, Naoya Yahagi, Suzana Drobnjak, Rachel J. Burns, Vivek Shetty, Eleanor Miles, Marie Johnston, David McIntyre, Rachel Millstein, Masayoshi Kumagai, Jane Upton, Emily Zielinski-Gutierrez, and Lara LaCaille

Subjects
03 medical and health sciences, 030505 public health, 0302 clinical medicine, Behavior change methods, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0305 other medical science, Psychology, Biological system
Published
2016
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24. National survey on the roles and training of primary care respiratory nurses in the UK in 2006: are we making progress?

Author

Hazel Madoc-Sutton, Aziz Sheikh, Samantha Walker, Jane Upton, Monica Fletcher, and Timothy L Frank

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, COPD, medicine.medical_specialty, Primary Health Care, business.industry, education, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Pulmonary disease, Primary care, medicine.disease, Ambulatory Care Facilities, Nurse's Role, Asthma, United Kingdom, respiratory tract diseases, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Surveys and Questionnaires, Family medicine, General practice, medicine, Humans, Education, Nursing, business, Original Research
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To describe nurse-led UK general practice asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) care, and the training undertaken to support it. METHODS: Questionnaires were sent to 500 randomly-selected UK asthma and COPD practice nurses. RESULTS: 382 nurses (76%) completed the practice characteristics section, 389 (78%) described their asthma roles and training, and 368 (74%) described their COPD roles and training. 96 practices (25%; 95%CI 21–29%) ran designated asthma clinics, 87 (23%; 95%CI 19–27%) ran designated COPD clinics, and 170 (45%; 95%CI 40–49%) did not run designated respiratory clinics. Of the 255 nurses with an advanced asthma role, 51 (20%; 95%CI 15–25%) did not have accredited asthma training. Of the 215 nurses with an advanced COPD role, 111 (52%; 95%CI 45–58%) did not have accredited COPD training. CONCLUSION: Patients are increasingly being seen outside of designated asthma or COPD clinics, often by nurses with an advanced role. It is important that nurses have the training to fulfil this role.

Published
2007
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25. Patient-reported side effects, concerns and adherence to corticosteroid treatment for asthma, and comparison with physician estimates of side-effect prevalence: a UK-wide, cross-sectional study

Author

Jane Upton, Rob Horne, Samantha Walker, Leanne Metcalf, Jenny Versnel, and Vanessa Cooper

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Side effect, Cross-sectional study, Contusions, Concordance, Psychological intervention, Administration, Oral, Weight Gain, Article, Physicians, Primary Care, Medication Adherence, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Candidiasis, Oral, Surveys and Questionnaires, Internal medicine, Administration, Inhalation, Prevalence, medicine, Sore throat, Humans, Primary nursing, Aged, Asthma, Primary Care Nursing, Primary Health Care, business.industry, Mental Disorders, Stomatognathic Diseases, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Pharyngitis, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, United Kingdom, Cross-Sectional Studies, Physical therapy, Female, Self Report, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Background: Non-adherence to corticosteroid treatment has been shown to reduce treatment efficacy, thus compromising asthma control. Aims: To examine the experiences of treatment side effects, treatment concerns and adherence to inhaled (ICS) and oral corticosteroids (OCS) among people with asthma and to identify the degree of concordance between clinician estimates of side effects and the prevalence reported by patients. Methods: Asthma UK members were sent validated questionnaires assessing treatment concerns, experiences of side effects and adherence. Questionnaires measuring clinicians’ estimates of the prevalence of corticosteroid side effects were completed online. Results: Completed questionnaires were returned by 1,524 people taking ICS, 233 taking OCS and 244 clinicians (67% of clinicians were primary care nurses). Among people with asthma, 64% of those taking ICS and 88% of those taking OCS reported ⩾1 side effect. People reporting high adherence to ICS (t=−3.09, Pt=1.86, Pr=0.46, Pr=0.50, Pt=6.90, Pt=1.71; P Conclusions: An unexpectedly large proportion of people with asthma experienced side effects and had strong concerns about their treatment, which compromised adherence. These findings have implications for the design of interventions to optimise asthma control through improved adherence.

Published
2015
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26. New-Onset Depression Following Hip Fracture Is Associated With Increased Length of Stay in Hospital and Rehabilitation Centers

Author

Niharika A. Duggal, Janet M. Lord, Anna C. Phillips, Douglas Carroll, and Jane Upton

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Hip fracture, Rehabilitation, business.industry, General Arts and Humanities, Incidence (epidemiology), medicine.medical_treatment, General Social Sciences, medicine.disease, lcsh:History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, New onset, lcsh:Social Sciences, lcsh:H, length of stay, hip fracture, depression, lcsh:AZ20-999, Physical therapy, medicine, business, Hospital stay, Depression (differential diagnoses)
Abstract

This article examines the coincident effects of new-onset depression post hip fracture on length of hospital stay, readmission rates, and incidence of infections in older adults. Participants were 101 hip fracture patients aged 60+ years; 38 developed depressive symptoms following their fracture. Infection rates, readmissions to hospital and rehabilitation units, and length of hospital stay were assessed over the 6 months post hip fracture from hospital and general practitioner notes. Patients who developed depression by Week 6 post fracture were likely to spend more time in hospital/rehabilitation wards ( p = .02) and more likely to be discharged to a rehabilitation unit ( p < .05). There were no group differences in readmissions or infection rates. New-onset depression coincident with hip fracture in older adults is associated with longer hospital ward stays and greater need for rehabilitation.

Published
2015

27. A comparison of colorectal neoplasia screening tests: a multicentre community‐based study of the impact of consumer choice

Author

Geoffrey M Forbes, Lin Fritschi, Peter A. Bampton, Frank Voyvodic, Finlay A. Macrae, Jane Heyworth, John T. Edwards, Jane Upton, Damien L Stella, Bernadette Viney, Richard M Mendelson, Janina Pawlik, Cathy Pizzey, and Noellene M. Foster

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Screening test, Consumer choice, Colonoscopy, Choice Behavior, Gastroenterology, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Mass Screening, Patient participation, Sigmoidoscopy, Mass screening, Consumer behaviour, Aged, Pain Measurement, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Fecal occult blood, Australia, General Medicine, Consumer Behavior, Middle Aged, Occult Blood, Family medicine, Female, Patient Participation, Colorectal Neoplasms, business, Colonography, Computed Tomographic
Abstract

International guidelines and local practices for colorectal cancer screening suggest an important role for several different screening tests, and for consumer choice. We aimed to determine whether choice of test improved participation in screening.A randomised comparative study offering one of six screening strategies: faecal occult blood testing (FOBT), FOBT and flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS), computed tomography colonography (CTC), colonoscopy, or one of two groups offered a choice of these strategies (one of which was sent an FOBT kit with the letter of invitation, while the other was required to request an FOBT kit by telephone if that was the test chosen).1679 people aged 50-54 or 65-69 years, randomly selected from the electoral roll in metropolitan Perth, Adelaide and Melbourne.Participation, yield of advanced colorectal neoplasia (CRN), acceptability and safety.346 (20.6%) were excluded from screening, mostly for a recent examination (165), symptoms (72) or personal or family history of colorectal neoplasia or cancer (83). 278 of the 1333 eligible (20.9%; 95% CI, 18.7%-23.1%) participated in screening. Participation was similar by age and sex, but lower in Perth than Adelaide (17.1% v 24.2%; P = 0.01). Participation by screening group was: FOBT, 27.4%; FOBT/FS, 13.7% (P0.001 compared with FOBT); CTC, 16.3% (P = 0.005); colonoscopy, 17.8% (P = 0.02); or a choice of test 18.6% ("with FOBT kit"; P = 0.03) or 22.7% ("without FOBT kit"; P = 0.3). Yield of advanced CRN was higher in participants screened by colonoscopy than FOBT (7.9% v 0.8%; P = 0.02). All tests were well accepted and no serious complications arose from screening.A choice of screening test did not improve participation. Participation by FOBT was higher than by other tests. Yield of advanced colorectal neoplasia on an intention-to-screen basis, determined by test sensitivity and participation, is likely to be a critical determinant of the effectiveness of screening strategies.

Published
2006
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29. Dose Response Effect of Conjugated Equine Oestrogen on Blood Pressure in Postmenopausal Women with Hypertension

Author

Lindon M H Wing, Danielle Molloy, Paula J. Harvey, and Jane Upton

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Ambulatory blood pressure, medicine.drug_class, business.industry, Urology, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Placebo, Crossover study, Menopause, Endocrinology, Blood pressure, Estrogen, Internal medicine, Ambulatory, Internal Medicine, medicine, Medroxyprogesterone acetate, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective: This study was designed to compare with placebo the dose-response of conjugated equine oestrogen (CEE) on blood pressure in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Design and Methods: Fourteen postmenopausal women with grade 1-2 hypertension participated in the study which used a double-blind crossover design. There were four randomised treatment phases, each lasting 4 weeks. The four treatments were CEE 0.3 mg, CEE 0.625 mg, CEE 1.25 mg and placebo. Each subject also received non-blinded medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) 10 mg for the final 14 days of each 28-day treatment cycle. Clinic blood pressure was measured weekly with the mean values of weeks 3 and 4 of each phase used for analysis. Ambulatory blood pressure was performed in week 4 of each phase. Results: Compared with placebo, clinic systolic blood pressure was reduced in the CEE 0.3 mg and CEE 0.625 mg phases (p < 0.05) and clinic diastolic blood pressure was reduced in the CEE 0.625 mg phase (p < 0.05). There was no significant eff...

Published
2000
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30. Lacidipine, hydrochlorothiazide and their combination in systolic hypertension in the elderly

Author

Danielle Molloy, Paula J. Harvey, Alexandra J. Bune, Lindon M H Wing, Leonard F Arnolda, John Chalmers, and Jane Upton

Subjects
Male, Dihydropyridines, Ambulatory blood pressure, Systole, Physiology, Systolic hypertension, medicine.medical_treatment, Monitoring, Ambulatory, Blood Pressure, Placebo, Hydrochlorothiazide, Double-Blind Method, Heart Rate, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Antihypertensive Agents, Aorta, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Over Studies, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Crossover study, Drug Combinations, Blood pressure, Lacidipine, Anesthesia, Hypertension, Female, Diuretic, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective To compare with placebo the efficacies of once-daily administrations of lacidipine and hydrochlorothiazide separately and in combination to elderly patients with systolic hypertension. Design and methods Nineteen elderly subjects (five men and 14 women, median age 71 years, range 62-79 years) participated in the study, which had a randomized double-blind crossover design. For each subject there were four treatment phases, each of duration 4 weeks. The initial treatments in each phase were 2 mg lacidipine once a day and 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide once a day, separately and in combination, and placebo. Doses of each agent could be doubled after 2 weeks in each phase if the patient's goal systolic blood pressure had not been achieved. The numbers of subjects administered the higher dose of each treatment were 13 for placebo, 14 for lacidipine, 11 for hydrochlorothiazide and eight for lacidipine plus hydrochlorothiazide. Results End-of-phase mean clinic blood pressures were 164/85 mmHg with placebo, 159/82 mmHg with lacidipine, 157/84 mmHg with hydrochlorothiazide and 152/82 mmHg with lacidipine plus hydrochlorothiazide. Systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced during all active treatment phases compared with placebo and that for the lacidipine plus hydrochlorothiazide phase was also significantly less than those for both of the other active treatment phases. There was no difference between sitting and standing blood pressure for any phase. Factorial analysis of the main effects of treatment indicated that the effects of lacidipine and hydrochlorothiazide on clinic blood pressure were additive and also that heart rate was higher when hydrochlorothiazide had been administered. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring confirmed the pattern of the responses of blood pressure and showed that administration of hydrochlorothiazide had a significantly greater effect on systolic blood pressure and a longer duration of action than did administration of lacidipine. There was no difference in the frequency of adverse effects among any of the phases. Conclusions In treating elderly systolic hypertensives the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide is a more effective antihypertensive agent with a longer duration of action than is the calcium channel antagonist lacidipine. In combination the effects of these two drugs on blood pressure are additive.

Published
1997
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31. An age-related numerical and functional deficit in CD19(+) CD24(hi) CD38(hi) B cells is associated with an increase in systemic autoimmunity

Author

Jane Upton, Anna C. Phillips, Elizabeth Sapey, Janet M. Lord, and Niharika A. Duggal

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Aging, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, CD38, Biology, Immune tolerance, rheumatoid factor, Young Adult, Immune system, immune system diseases, Antigens, CD, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, cellular immunology, skin and connective tissue diseases, B cell, Aged, CD86, Aged, 80 and over, B-Lymphocytes, B cells, CD40, autoimmunity, hemic and immune systems, Cell Differentiation, Cell Biology, Original Articles, Middle Aged, Interleukin 10, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, inflammation, Immunology, biology.protein, Female, CD80, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Autoimmunity increases with aging indicative of reduced immune tolerance, but the mechanisms involved are poorly defined. In recent years, subsets of B cells with immunoregulatory properties have been identified in murine models of autoimmune disorders, and these cells downregulate immune responses via secretion of IL10. In humans, immature transitional B cells with a CD19(+) CD24(hi) CD38(hi) phenotype have been reported to regulate immune responses via IL10 production. We found the frequency and numbers of CD19(+) CD24(hi) CD38(hi) cells were reduced in the PBMC pool with age. IL10 expression and secretion following activation via either CD40, or Toll-like receptors was also impaired in CD19(+) CD24(hi) CD38(hi) B cells from healthy older donors. When investigating the mechanisms involved, we found that CD19(+) CD24(hi) CD38(hi) B-cell function was compromised by age-related effects on both T cells and B cells: specifically, CD40 ligand expression was lower in CD4 T cells from older donors following CD3 stimulation, and signalling through CD40 was impaired in CD19(+) CD24(hi) CD38(hi) B cells from elders as evidenced by reduced phosphorylation (Y705) and activation of STAT3. However, there was no age-associated change in expression of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on CD19(+) CD24(hi) CD38(hi) cells, suggesting IL10-dependent immune suppression is impaired, but contact-dependent suppressive capacity is intact with age. Finally, we found a negative correlation between CD19(+) CD24(hi) CD38(hi) B-cell IL10 production and autoantibody (Rheumatoid factor) levels in older adults. We therefore propose that an age-related decline in CD19(+) CD24(hi) CD38(hi) B cell number and function may contribute towards the increased autoimmunity and reduced immune tolerance seen with aging.

Published
2013

32. Anabolic Resistance

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013
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33. Maximal Exercise Test

Author

Riyad Khanfer, John Ryan, Howard Aizenstein, Seema Mutti, David Busse, Ilona S. Yim, J. Rick Turner, Wendy Troxel, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Beate Ditzen, Tiffany Field, Kristin A. Long, Melissa A. Alderfer, Rebecca C. Thurston, James Turner, Tavis S. Campbell, Jillian A. Johnson, Kristin A. Zernicke, Login S. George, Crystal L. Park, Natalie E. Bustillo, Chris Zehr, William Whang, Pamela S. King, Richard Peter, Karl-Heinz Ladwig, Benjamin H. Natelson, Jessica Haberer, Alan M. Delamater, Suzana Drobnjak, William Reeves, Andrew Fox, Kristen Salomon, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Wen B. Leong, Shahrad Taheri, G. Neil Thomas, Jana Strahler, Jeanetta Rains, Donald Penzien, Mike Antoni, Arpo Aromaa, Jane Upton, Luz M. Garcini, Eleshia J. P. Morrison, Georita Marie Frierson, Orit Birnbaum-Weitzman, Jennifer Wessel, Maria Kleinstäuber, G. David Batty, Demetria Cain, Pedro C. Castellon, Kenneth Wallston, Yori Gidron, Simon Sherry, Anna MacKinnon, Jonathan Newman, Kyle R. Noll, Laura H. Lacritz, and Sheah Rarback

Published
2013
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34. Baroreceptors

Author

Timothy H. Wideman, Michael J. L. Sullivan, Shuji Inada, David McIntyre, Masayoshi Kumagai, Naoya Yahagi, J. Rick Turner, Jane Upton, Rachel J. Burns, Alexander J. Rothman, Susan Michie, Marie Johnston, Misuzu Nakashima, Kavita Vedhara, Karen Dawe, Cara Wong, Marc D. Gellman, Dana Brimmer, Emily Zielinski-Gutierrez, Wendy Troxel, Michelle Drerup, Chad Barrett, Amiram Gafni, Stephen Birch, Kristen Riley, Klaus Gebel, Ding Ding, Stephanie Ann Hooker, Benjamin Hidalgo, Luigi Meneghini, Brian Borsari, John Hustad, Simon Sherry, Skye Fitzpatrick, Catherine Benedict, Masahiro Hashizume, Vivek Shetty, Eleanor Miles, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Christopher France, Janis L. France, Adriana Carrillo, Carley Gomez-Meade, Annie T. Ginty, Brian M. Hughes, Sarah Messiah, M. Di Katie Sebastiano, Rachel Millstein, Mary Spiers, Yori Gidron, Alyssa Haney, Michele L. Okun, Elliott A. Beaton, Eric Roy, Victoria Harms, Lorin Elias, Heidi Hamann, Annette L. Stanton, Betina R. Yanez, Kevin S. Masters, Suzana Drobnjak, Lara LaCaille, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Michael Kotlyar, John P. Vuchetich, and Patricia Woltz

Published
2013
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35. Additional or Assisting Medication

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013
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36. Emotional Disorder

Author

Lara LaCaille, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Jane Monaco, Ding Ding, C. Renn Upchurch Sweeney, Colin D. Butler, Colin L. Soskolne, Yori Gidron, J. Rick Turner, Jorie Butler, Michelle Nicole Burns, David C. Mohr, Ivan Molton, Douglas Carroll, Hugo Critchley, Yoko Nagai, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Michelle Skinner, Pamela S. King, Siqin Ye, Karen Jacobs, Miranda Hellman, Jacqueline Markowitz, Ellen Wuest, Mann Hyung Hur, Janine Sanchez, Andrea Croom, James A. McCubbin, Beate Ditzen, Friedrich Wieser, Robert N. Taylor, Jet Veldhuijzen Zanten, Quinn D. Kellerman, Jennifer Heaney, Marc D. Gellman, G. David Batty, Alicia K. Smith, James W. Schroeder, George J. Trachte, Deidre Pereira, Seema M. Patidar, Catherine Benedict, Urs M. Nater, Sheah Rarback, Maurizio Cutolo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, Jane Upton, Kristine M. Molina, Orit Birnbaum-Weitzman, Michael Witthöft, Kristin Kilbourn, Shannon Madore, Bonnie Spring, Molly Ferguson, Stephanie Russell, Alyson Sularz, Megan Roehrig, Peter A. Hall, Jordan Carlson, Alexandre Morizio, Simon Bacon, Stephen J. Lepore, Wendy Kliewer, Marcia D. McNutt, Monica Webb Hooper, Gary Davis, Kevin S. Masters, Naum Purits, and Ingrid Söderback

Published
2013
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37. Biopsychosocial Model

Author

Timothy H. Wideman, Michael J. L. Sullivan, Shuji Inada, David McIntyre, Masayoshi Kumagai, Naoya Yahagi, J. Rick Turner, Jane Upton, Rachel J. Burns, Alexander J. Rothman, Susan Michie, Marie Johnston, Misuzu Nakashima, Kavita Vedhara, Karen Dawe, Cara Wong, Marc D. Gellman, Dana Brimmer, Emily Zielinski-Gutierrez, Wendy Troxel, Michelle Drerup, Chad Barrett, Amiram Gafni, Stephen Birch, Kristen Riley, Klaus Gebel, Ding Ding, Stephanie Ann Hooker, Benjamin Hidalgo, Luigi Meneghini, Brian Borsari, John Hustad, Simon Sherry, Skye Fitzpatrick, Catherine Benedict, Masahiro Hashizume, Vivek Shetty, Eleanor Miles, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Christopher France, Janis L. France, Adriana Carrillo, Carley Gomez-Meade, Annie T. Ginty, Brian M. Hughes, Sarah Messiah, M. Di Katie Sebastiano, Rachel Millstein, Mary Spiers, Yori Gidron, Alyssa Haney, Michele L. Okun, Elliott A. Beaton, Eric Roy, Victoria Harms, Lorin Elias, Heidi Hamann, Annette L. Stanton, Betina R. Yanez, Kevin S. Masters, Suzana Drobnjak, Lara LaCaille, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Michael Kotlyar, John P. Vuchetich, and Patricia Woltz

Published
2013
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38. Expectancy

Author

Lara LaCaille, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Jane Monaco, Ding Ding, C. Renn Upchurch Sweeney, Colin D. Butler, Colin L. Soskolne, Yori Gidron, J. Rick Turner, Jorie Butler, Michelle Nicole Burns, David C. Mohr, Ivan Molton, Douglas Carroll, Hugo Critchley, Yoko Nagai, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Michelle Skinner, Pamela S. King, Siqin Ye, Karen Jacobs, Miranda Hellman, Jacqueline Markowitz, Ellen Wuest, Mann Hyung Hur, Janine Sanchez, Andrea Croom, James A. McCubbin, Beate Ditzen, Friedrich Wieser, Robert N. Taylor, Jet Veldhuijzen Zanten, Quinn D. Kellerman, Jennifer Heaney, Marc D. Gellman, G. David Batty, Alicia K. Smith, James W. Schroeder, George J. Trachte, Deidre Pereira, Seema M. Patidar, Catherine Benedict, Urs M. Nater, Sheah Rarback, Maurizio Cutolo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, Jane Upton, Kristine M. Molina, Orit Birnbaum-Weitzman, Michael Witthöft, Kristin Kilbourn, Shannon Madore, Bonnie Spring, Molly Ferguson, Stephanie Russell, Alyson Sularz, Megan Roehrig, Peter A. Hall, Jordan Carlson, Alexandre Morizio, Simon Bacon, Stephen J. Lepore, Wendy Kliewer, Marcia D. McNutt, Monica Webb Hooper, Gary Davis, Kevin S. Masters, Naum Purits, and Ingrid Söderback

Published
2013
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39. Accelerometry

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013
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40. Body Fat

Author

Timothy H. Wideman, Michael J. L. Sullivan, Shuji Inada, David McIntyre, Masayoshi Kumagai, Naoya Yahagi, J. Rick Turner, Jane Upton, Rachel J. Burns, Alexander J. Rothman, Susan Michie, Marie Johnston, Misuzu Nakashima, Kavita Vedhara, Karen Dawe, Cara Wong, Marc D. Gellman, Dana Brimmer, Emily Zielinski-Gutierrez, Wendy Troxel, Michelle Drerup, Chad Barrett, Amiram Gafni, Stephen Birch, Kristen Riley, Klaus Gebel, Ding Ding, Stephanie Ann Hooker, Benjamin Hidalgo, Luigi Meneghini, Brian Borsari, John Hustad, Simon Sherry, Skye Fitzpatrick, Catherine Benedict, Masahiro Hashizume, Vivek Shetty, Eleanor Miles, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Christopher France, Janis L. France, Adriana Carrillo, Carley Gomez-Meade, Annie T. Ginty, Brian M. Hughes, Sarah Messiah, M. Di Katie Sebastiano, Rachel Millstein, Mary Spiers, Yori Gidron, Alyssa Haney, Michele L. Okun, Elliott A. Beaton, Eric Roy, Victoria Harms, Lorin Elias, Heidi Hamann, Annette L. Stanton, Betina R. Yanez, Kevin S. Masters, Suzana Drobnjak, Lara LaCaille, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Michael Kotlyar, John P. Vuchetich, and Patricia Woltz

Published
2013
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41. Millon Behavioral Medicine Diagnostic (MBMD)

Author

Riyad Khanfer, John Ryan, Howard Aizenstein, Seema Mutti, David Busse, Ilona S. Yim, J. Rick Turner, Wendy Troxel, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Beate Ditzen, Tiffany Field, Kristin A. Long, Melissa A. Alderfer, Rebecca C. Thurston, James Turner, Tavis S. Campbell, Jillian A. Johnson, Kristin A. Zernicke, Login S. George, Crystal L. Park, Natalie E. Bustillo, Chris Zehr, William Whang, Pamela S. King, Richard Peter, Karl-Heinz Ladwig, Benjamin H. Natelson, Jessica Haberer, Alan M. Delamater, Suzana Drobnjak, William Reeves, Andrew Fox, Kristen Salomon, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Wen B. Leong, Shahrad Taheri, G. Neil Thomas, Jana Strahler, Jeanetta Rains, Donald Penzien, Mike Antoni, Arpo Aromaa, Jane Upton, Luz M. Garcini, Eleshia J. P. Morrison, Georita Marie Frierson, Orit Birnbaum-Weitzman, Jennifer Wessel, Maria Kleinstäuber, G. David Batty, Demetria Cain, Pedro C. Castellon, Kenneth Wallston, Yori Gidron, Simon Sherry, Anna MacKinnon, Jonathan Newman, Kyle R. Noll, Laura H. Lacritz, and Sheah Rarback

Published
2013
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42. Brain, System

Author

Timothy H. Wideman, Michael J. L. Sullivan, Shuji Inada, David McIntyre, Masayoshi Kumagai, Naoya Yahagi, J. Rick Turner, Jane Upton, Rachel J. Burns, Alexander J. Rothman, Susan Michie, Marie Johnston, Misuzu Nakashima, Kavita Vedhara, Karen Dawe, Cara Wong, Marc D. Gellman, Dana Brimmer, Emily Zielinski-Gutierrez, Wendy Troxel, Michelle Drerup, Chad Barrett, Amiram Gafni, Stephen Birch, Kristen Riley, Klaus Gebel, Ding Ding, Stephanie Ann Hooker, Benjamin Hidalgo, Luigi Meneghini, Brian Borsari, John Hustad, Simon Sherry, Skye Fitzpatrick, Catherine Benedict, Masahiro Hashizume, Vivek Shetty, Eleanor Miles, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Christopher France, Janis L. France, Adriana Carrillo, Carley Gomez-Meade, Annie T. Ginty, Brian M. Hughes, Sarah Messiah, M. Di Katie Sebastiano, Rachel Millstein, Mary Spiers, Yori Gidron, Alyssa Haney, Michele L. Okun, Elliott A. Beaton, Eric Roy, Victoria Harms, Lorin Elias, Heidi Hamann, Annette L. Stanton, Betina R. Yanez, Kevin S. Masters, Suzana Drobnjak, Lara LaCaille, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Michael Kotlyar, John P. Vuchetich, and Patricia Woltz

Published
2013
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43. Blood Pressure, Measurement of

Author

Timothy H. Wideman, Michael J. L. Sullivan, Shuji Inada, David McIntyre, Masayoshi Kumagai, Naoya Yahagi, J. Rick Turner, Jane Upton, Rachel J. Burns, Alexander J. Rothman, Susan Michie, Marie Johnston, Misuzu Nakashima, Kavita Vedhara, Karen Dawe, Cara Wong, Marc D. Gellman, Dana Brimmer, Emily Zielinski-Gutierrez, Wendy Troxel, Michelle Drerup, Chad Barrett, Amiram Gafni, Stephen Birch, Kristen Riley, Klaus Gebel, Ding Ding, Stephanie Ann Hooker, Benjamin Hidalgo, Luigi Meneghini, Brian Borsari, John Hustad, Simon Sherry, Skye Fitzpatrick, Catherine Benedict, Masahiro Hashizume, Vivek Shetty, Eleanor Miles, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Christopher France, Janis L. France, Adriana Carrillo, Carley Gomez-Meade, Annie T. Ginty, Brian M. Hughes, Sarah Messiah, M. Di Katie Sebastiano, Rachel Millstein, Mary Spiers, Yori Gidron, Alyssa Haney, Michele L. Okun, Elliott A. Beaton, Eric Roy, Victoria Harms, Lorin Elias, Heidi Hamann, Annette L. Stanton, Betina R. Yanez, Kevin S. Masters, Suzana Drobnjak, Lara LaCaille, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Michael Kotlyar, John P. Vuchetich, and Patricia Woltz

Published
2013
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44. Integrative Medicine

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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45. McGill Pain Questionnaire

Author

Riyad Khanfer, John Ryan, Howard Aizenstein, Seema Mutti, David Busse, Ilona S. Yim, J. Rick Turner, Wendy Troxel, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Beate Ditzen, Tiffany Field, Kristin A. Long, Melissa A. Alderfer, Rebecca C. Thurston, James Turner, Tavis S. Campbell, Jillian A. Johnson, Kristin A. Zernicke, Login S. George, Crystal L. Park, Natalie E. Bustillo, Chris Zehr, William Whang, Pamela S. King, Richard Peter, Karl-Heinz Ladwig, Benjamin H. Natelson, Jessica Haberer, Alan M. Delamater, Suzana Drobnjak, William Reeves, Andrew Fox, Kristen Salomon, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Wen B. Leong, Shahrad Taheri, G. Neil Thomas, Jana Strahler, Jeanetta Rains, Donald Penzien, Mike Antoni, Arpo Aromaa, Jane Upton, Luz M. Garcini, Eleshia J. P. Morrison, Georita Marie Frierson, Orit Birnbaum-Weitzman, Jennifer Wessel, Maria Kleinstäuber, G. David Batty, Demetria Cain, Pedro C. Castellon, Kenneth Wallston, Yori Gidron, Simon Sherry, Anna MacKinnon, Jonathan Newman, Kyle R. Noll, Laura H. Lacritz, and Sheah Rarback

Published
2013
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46. Invasive Cervical Cancer

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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47. Intermediate Variable

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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48. Employer-Sponsored Assistance Programs

Author

Lara LaCaille, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Jane Monaco, Ding Ding, C. Renn Upchurch Sweeney, Colin D. Butler, Colin L. Soskolne, Yori Gidron, J. Rick Turner, Jorie Butler, Michelle Nicole Burns, David C. Mohr, Ivan Molton, Douglas Carroll, Hugo Critchley, Yoko Nagai, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Michelle Skinner, Pamela S. King, Siqin Ye, Karen Jacobs, Miranda Hellman, Jacqueline Markowitz, Ellen Wuest, Mann Hyung Hur, Janine Sanchez, Andrea Croom, James A. McCubbin, Beate Ditzen, Friedrich Wieser, Robert N. Taylor, Jet Veldhuijzen Zanten, Quinn D. Kellerman, Jennifer Heaney, Marc D. Gellman, G. David Batty, Alicia K. Smith, James W. Schroeder, George J. Trachte, Deidre Pereira, Seema M. Patidar, Catherine Benedict, Urs M. Nater, Sheah Rarback, Maurizio Cutolo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, Jane Upton, Kristine M. Molina, Orit Birnbaum-Weitzman, Michael Witthöft, Kristin Kilbourn, Shannon Madore, Bonnie Spring, Molly Ferguson, Stephanie Russell, Alyson Sularz, Megan Roehrig, Peter A. Hall, Jordan Carlson, Alexandre Morizio, Simon Bacon, Stephen J. Lepore, Wendy Kliewer, Marcia D. McNutt, Monica Webb Hooper, Gary Davis, Kevin S. Masters, Naum Purits, and Ingrid Söderback

Published
2013
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49. Evidence-Based Behavioral Medicine (EBBM)

Author

Lara LaCaille, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Jane Monaco, Ding Ding, C. Renn Upchurch Sweeney, Colin D. Butler, Colin L. Soskolne, Yori Gidron, J. Rick Turner, Jorie Butler, Michelle Nicole Burns, David C. Mohr, Ivan Molton, Douglas Carroll, Hugo Critchley, Yoko Nagai, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Michelle Skinner, Pamela S. King, Siqin Ye, Karen Jacobs, Miranda Hellman, Jacqueline Markowitz, Ellen Wuest, Mann Hyung Hur, Janine Sanchez, Andrea Croom, James A. McCubbin, Beate Ditzen, Friedrich Wieser, Robert N. Taylor, Jet Veldhuijzen Zanten, Quinn D. Kellerman, Jennifer Heaney, Marc D. Gellman, G. David Batty, Alicia K. Smith, James W. Schroeder, George J. Trachte, Deidre Pereira, Seema M. Patidar, Catherine Benedict, Urs M. Nater, Sheah Rarback, Maurizio Cutolo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, Jane Upton, Kristine M. Molina, Orit Birnbaum-Weitzman, Michael Witthöft, Kristin Kilbourn, Shannon Madore, Bonnie Spring, Molly Ferguson, Stephanie Russell, Alyson Sularz, Megan Roehrig, Peter A. Hall, Jordan Carlson, Alexandre Morizio, Simon Bacon, Stephen J. Lepore, Wendy Kliewer, Marcia D. McNutt, Monica Webb Hooper, Gary Davis, Kevin S. Masters, Naum Purits, and Ingrid Söderback

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2013
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50. Independent Living

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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