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Gamasiphis Berlese is the most diverse genus of Ologamasidae, with 74 described species, seven of which were described from Ecuador. The main objective of this paper is to report the Gamasiphis species found in surveys recently conducted in Ecuador, including a new species here described, Gamasiphis vikkiae Melo-Molina & Santos n. sp. Complementary descriptions of two previously described species, also collected in this study, are presented.

Gamasellodes garybauchani sp. nov. Rueda-Ramírez & Santos is described based on specimens collected at the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center (BARC) (Maryland, USA). Twenty-one specimens were used for the description, of which five were subjected to low temperature scanning electron microscopy (LTSEM), followed by DNA extraction for genetic analysis and subsequent slide mounting. The remaining 16 specimens were subjected to only DNA extraction for genetic analysis and subsequent slide mounting. Morphological characters of the new species observed both in the images obtained in LTSEM and in the observation of the mounted specimens are detailed. Molecular information available on the Barcode of Life Datasysetm (BOLD) is presented. An update to the recent key to the Gamasellodes species is provided.

Morphological details of specimens collected from several localities in Brazil and identified as Africoseius lativentris (Karg 1982) are provided. The taxonomic position of Africoseius Krantz, 1962 has been debated over the years, with repeated changes in its familial placement. A phylogenetic study based on 18S and 28S rDNA sequences of the Brazilian population of A. lativentris collected at Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, and similar data of 70 taxa representing 11 families of Gamasina indicated that Africoseius is a member of the well-supported Podocinidae (sensu Lindquist et al. 2009) clade. The main morphological similarities and differences between Africoseius and the group of species until now placed in Podocinidae sensu Lindquist et al. (2009) are listed. Apomorphic characteristics uniting those taxa include the hypotrichous condition of tibia I (eight and nine setae instead of ten or more in other free-living Gamasina) and the insertions of av2 and pv2, considerably more distal on tarsi II and III than in the majority of the free-living Gamasina. Within Podocinidae, a new subfamily, Africoseiinae, is proposed, based on uniquely apomorphic characteristics of the setae ad4 and pd4 (sensu Evans 1969) of tarsi II–IV absent, and setae av4 and pv4 of same basitarsi long, incurved and close to each other and to a posterior longitudinal extension of the peripodomeric suture and on the attenuated form of the lateral (rather than the medial) hypostomatic setae. This subfamily is currently represented by Africoseius areolatus Krantz and Africoseius lativentris (Karg 1982), while all other presently known species of the family are now placed in the subfamily Podocininae.

The sugarcane weevil, Sphenophorus levis Vaurie, 1978 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a pest of sugarcane in Brazil. Lasioseius prorsoperitrematus Abo-Shnaf, Sánchez & Moraes, 2016 (Acari: Blattisociidae), described from the Dominican Republic, is reported from Brazil in association with S. levis in Iracemápolis, São Paulo state. The actual role of each organism in this association needs to be verified. A key to species of Lasioseius Berlese, 1916 recorded from Brazil associated to Coleoptera is provided.

In Norway, strawberry producers use cereal straw mulching to prevent berries from contacting the soil and to control weeds. We hypothesized that organic matter such as straw mulch also favors the maintenance of predatory mites which visit strawberry plants at nighttime. We compared mite diversity in cereal straw exposed for different periods in strawberry fields and evaluated their possible migration to plants in two experiments with potted plants in 2019. An &lsquo, Early season&rsquo, experiment compared no mulching (T1), oat straw mulch exposed in field since 2018 (T2), or 2017 (T3), while a &lsquo, Mid-season&rsquo, experiment compared no mulching (T1), barley straw mulch from 2018 (T2), or a mix from 2017 and 2018 (T3). To provide edaphic predatory mites with a potential source of food, all plants were infested with two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch). Results suggested that straw mulch facilitates the prevalence of predatory mites in strawberry fields. Most predatory mite visits were at night, confirming our initial hypothesis. Predominant nocturnal mites on leaves belonged to Melicharidae (Proctolaelaps sp.) (&lsquo, T2), Blattisociidae (Lasioseius sp.) (&lsquo, Early and Mid-season&rsquo, T3) and Phytoseiidae (&lsquo, T2). Parasitus consanguineus Oudemans &amp, Voigts was the predominant species (&lsquo, T3) at the base of plants. Anystidae were diurnal visitors only (&lsquo, T2). Future studies should evaluate the predation potential of Proctolaelaps sp. and Lasioseius sp. on two-spotted spider mite and other strawberry pests.

Until recently, species of the families Ascidae Voigts & Oudemans, Blattisociidae Garman and Melicharidae Hirschmann were considered to belong to a single family, Ascidae, based on their similarity in external morphology. Databases on the distribution and biology of species in those families have been collected are now freely available. This information allows the first zoogeographic analysis of these groups. Almost 2200 records obtained from about 820 publications were entered into the databases, which are periodically updated. The countries with the highest known diversity of mites of these groups are: Ascidae—Russia (56), United States of America (42), China (37) and Poland (36); Blattisociidae—China (47), United States of America (41), Ecuador (38), India (33) and Poland (32); Melicharidae—United States of America (46), Brazil (23), Ecuador (20) and Poland and Germany (15). No species of these families have been reported from about 44% of the countries, most probably because of inadequate sampling effort. Comparing the species composition of the different regions, Jaccard similarity indexes were low, being higher between the Palaearctic and Saharo-Arabian regions for the ascids (0.15), between the same regions for the blattisociids (0.19) and between the Neotropical and Panamanian regions for the melicharids (0.18). These data are compatible with the results of parsimony analyses of endemicity (PAE), in which those pairs of regions constituted distinct clades. The analyses suggest that Ascidae probably originated in the Palaearctic region, whereas Blattisociidae and Melicharidae probably originated somewhere in the Neotropical or Panamanian regions.

Cheiroseius Berlese is the second largest genus of the mite family Blattisociidae, but only two species of this genus have been reported from Brazil, C . neophalangioides Mineiro, Lindquist & Moraes and C . tennesseensis (De Leon). The following seven species are recorded for the first time in Brazil, including two new species: C . brevipes Karg, C . luizgonzagai n. sp., C . ornatus (Evans & Hyatt), C . parvipulmonis Karg, C . pugiunculus Karg and C . tuberculatus (Evans & Hyatt) and C . xerophilus n. sp. The new species are here described based on the morphology of adult females. Species of this genus occur commonly in wet habitats, together with different organisms, including mosquito larvae. The species reported in this study were collected from litter, except C . luizgonzagai n. sp., collected from Salvinia sp., a floating plant. A key for the separation of nine species now known from Brazil is provided.

Only two species of Podocinidae Berlese, Podocinum pacificum Berlese, 1895 and Podocinum sagax (Berlese, 1882c), have been reported from South America, both from Brazil and Argentina. The objective of this publication is to provide morphological information about specimens from Brazil identified as Podocinum bengalensis Bhattacharyya, 1968, P . pacificum and P . sagax , to describe a new species ( Podocinum tupinamba n. sp.), and to present a new characterisation of Podocinum , incorporating characteristics of the mites examined in this study and a reappraisal of the literature.

Leioseius Berlese is known in South America only from one especies described from Chile. Leioseius cananeiensis n. sp. is described based on the morphology of adult females found in association with barnacles (Crustacea, Cirripedia) on roots of Laguncularia racemosa (L.) (Combretaceae) collected in Cananeia, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Leioseius basis Karg is redescribed based on the holotype female, one paratype female and two sparatype males. A key for the separation of females of the 19 recognisable world Leioseius species is provided.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-14T10:19:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-14T11:27:07Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0034-737X2016000400509.pdf: 449480 bytes, checksum: 4f55097c5b13a26b9688e74c37e4f8b0 (MD5) O uso da água salina na agricultura é uma alternativa viável, tendo-se em vista o aumento da demanda de água doce. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o crescimento e a produção de fitomassa da beterraba, sob irrigação com água de diferentes concentrações salinas, em experimento em condição de campo, no Campus da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, em Arapiraca. Os tratamentos foram cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica (1,0; 2,0; 3,0; 4,0 e 5,0 dS m-1). O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. O máximo rendimento da beterraba aos 27 dias após aplicação dos tratamentos salinos foi obtido com uma salinidade de 3,0 dS m-1, para as variáveis altura de planta (AP), diâmetro do caule (DC), comprimento da raiz (CR), fitomassa seca da parte aérea (FSPA) e fitomassa seca total (FST). Aos 42 dias após aplicação dos tratamentos salinos, as variáveis fitomassa fresca da parte aérea (FFPA), fitomassa fresca da raiz (FFR), fitomassa fresca total (FFT), fitomassa seca da parte aérea (FSPA) e fitomassa seca total (FST) aumentaram com o aumento da salinidade da água. A chuva pode ter influenciado os resultados obtidos para as avaliações, realizadas aos 42 dias após aplicação dos tratamentos salinos. The use of saline water in agriculture is a viable alternative in view of the increased freshwater demand. The objective was to evaluate the growth and biomass of beet under irrigation with water of different saline concentrations,in an experiment conducted under field condition in the campus of the Federal University of Alagoas - Arapiraca. The treatments were five levels of electrical conductivity (S1: 1.0, S2: 2.0, S3: 3.0; S4: 4.0; S5: 5.0 dS m-1). The maximum yield of beets at 27 days after saline treatments was obtained with salinity of 3.0 dS m-1, for the variables plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), root length (RL), shoot dry matter (SDM), and total dry matter (TDM). At 42 days after application of saline treatments, the variables shoot fresh matter (SFM), root fresh matter (RFM), total fresh matter (TFM), shoot dry matter (SDM), and total dry matter (TDM) increased with increasing salinity. Rain may have influenced the results obtained for the evaluations performed at 42 days after application of saline treatments. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola Universidade Federal de Campina Grande,, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento Ciências Agronômicas Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento Ciências Agronômicas

Lasioseius is a genus widely distributed across the continents, found in many types of hosts. Two new species of blattisociid mites from Brazil, Lasioseius jorgeamadoi sp. nov. and Lasioseius gabrielae sp. nov., are described based on the morphology of adult females collected on buds of cocoa plants, Theobroma cacao L. (Malvaceae) and inflorescences of ornamental plants (Heliconiaceae and Musaceae) in the State of Bahia, and collected on sugar cane, Saccharum officinarum L. in the State of São Paulo. A key for the separation of females of the 14 species of Lasioseius recorded in Brazil is provided.

Ologamasus lucasi n. sp. and Ologamasus delaliberai n. sp. are described from adults collected from litter and soil in the State of Alagoas, northeastern of Brazil. A key for the separation of females of the 20 recognisable world species of Ologamasus is provided.

Hydrogamasellus alagoensis n. sp. is described based on the morphology of adult females and males collected from litter in the State of Alagoas, Brazil. Six new combinations are proposed, namely A cugamasus avium (Karg, 1976) n. comb., Ologamasus lanceolatus (Karg, 1976) n. comb., Ologamasus microcrinis (Karg, 1979) n. comb., Ologamasus testudinis (Karg, 1976) n. comb., Rykellus longopilus (Karg, 1976) n. comb. and Rykellus ubatubaensis (Hirschmann, 1966) n. comb., and a key for the separation of females of the eighteen recognizable world Hydrogamasellus species is provided.

Rykellus anibali n. sp. and Rykellus mineiroi n. sp. are described from adult females and males collected from litter and soil in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. A key for the identification of females of the eight recognisable world species of Rykellus is provided.

Until now, the genus Orolaelaps De Leon was known only from the USA. Two new species of this genus, namely Orolaelaps piracicabensis n. sp. and Orolaelaps tupiniquim n. sp., are described from specimens collected in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Orolaelaps quisqualis De Leon, the type species of the genus, is redescribed and an updated diagnosis of Orolaelaps is provided.

Rykellus anibali n. sp. and Rykellus mineiroi n. sp. are described from adult females and males collected from litter and soil in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. A key for the identification of females of the eight recognisable world species of Rykellus is provided.

Ologamasus lucasi n. sp. and Ologamasus delaliberai n. sp. are described from adults collected from litter and soil in the State of Alagoas, northeastern of Brazil. A key for the separation of females of the 20 recognisable world species of Ologamasus is provided.