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The consensus is that an object with a large mass will not manifest quantum behavior. Therefore, we expect that the quantumness of a time-dependent effective mass (TDEM) will erase after a long time when the mass profile continuously grows with time. However, the present article depicts that the Wigner quasi-probability distribution (WQD) will manifest an entanglement behavior forever for two spatially separated free TDEMs. The time-dependent Schrödinger equation for a free particle with TDEM has been solved with the help of the Lewis–Riesenfeld phase-space invariant method. WQD for the system of two identical TDEMs with quadratically increasing mass profiles shows that the particles are never separated. In particular, their reminiscent is present at the origin of the phase-space forever. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD) is not an uncommon problem in clinical practice. Although the exact prevalence of DPLD in India is not known, the relative etiological distribution in DPLD in India has been reported. There has been no information as regards the seasonality of the disease. Patients and Methods: The archive of the Institute of Pulmocare and Research, Kolkata, was searched for the number of new patients registered at the outpatient department to a single consultant (practicing in the same style on appointment only) over years from 2009 to 2019. The attendance (absolute and relative) was arranged year wise and then month wise to look for the annual and seasonal trends, if any. Results: A total of 2226 patients were registered from 2009 to 2019. There has been a steady increase in both the absolute number (104 in 2009 to 204 in 2019) and the relative percentage of attendance (4.36% in 2009 to 6.9% in 2019) of new registration of DPLD patients over the years. Regarding seasonal variation, two consistent peaks in attendance have been observed as December–January and April–May over the years with dips in February and September; the first being more consistent then the latter. Conclusions: The increase in relative attendance in the DPLD patients over the years needs further investigation to establish a rising trends in incidence and prevalence of DPLD. The unequivocal trend in seasonal variation needs attention and further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The one‐dimensional (1D) nanoarchitectures are attractive toward energy storage electrode materials because of their large available surface area, a short and efficient pathway for ion/electron transport, structural stability, and highly exposed electrochemically active sites. Herein, we develop the bimetallic single crystalline nickel cobalt carbonate hydroxide (NiCoCO3(OH)2) nanowires for the high capacitance electrode of hybrid supercapacitor (HSC). This unique NiCoCO3(OH)2 nanowire electrode reveals a maximum specific capacitance value of 1948 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 with a high rate capacitance of 859 F g−1 even at 30 A g−1, which is a considerably higher value than the monometallic nickel carbonate hydroxide (1159 F g−1) and cobalt carbonate hydroxide (859 F g−1), respectively. These results are attributed to the presence of abundant redox‐active sites of multivalent Ni and Co and an easy charge transport pathway of NiCoCO3(OH)2 nanowire. The as‐designed HSC full cells, configuring NiCoCO3(OH)2 nanowire and activated carbon as a positive and native electrodes, respectively, deliver energy and power densities of 56.56 W h kg−1 and 44.81 kW kg−1. Moreover, the HSC cells exhibit prominent cycling stability of 91.4% for 12 000 charge‐discharge cycles in 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are considered promising energy‐storage devices owing to the high specific capacity and low cost of the S cathode. However, they suffer from capacity decay and poor coulombic efficiency arising from the dissolution of long‐chain polysulfides and their shuttling. A facile and scalable method was developed to directly coat a thin (≈57.3 nm) and porous polyamide (PA) interlayer onto a S cathode by interfacial polymerization. This PA interlayer prevented the shuttling of polysulfides by creating a physical barrier and, through chemical interactions between the amide functionalities of PA and the polysulfides, allowing access to the S electrode by the Li ions. The resulting PA‐coated cathode exhibited approximately 64.2 % capacity retention over 1000 cycles at 1 C with only 0.0358 % decay per cycle and a moderate capacity of 1008 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MnCO3-reduced graphene oxide (MnCO3–RGO) was grown on nickel foam by a facile successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method and used as a supercapacitor electrode. The morphology of the MnCO3 functionalities was tuned from lotus to flake to spherical shape using different chelating agents during synthesis. The length and width of the individual petals of the lotus structure MnCO3 were found to be ∼200–300 and 50–100 nm, respectively. The reduction of graphene oxide (GO) in MnCO3–RGO composites was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and electrical conductivity data analysis. The lotus shaped MnCO3 grown on RGO sheets provided a high surface area and electrical conductivity as compared to the developed electrode materials. The cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed that the lotus shaped MnCO3 grown on RGO sheets provided higher current response, large specific capacitance (SC) and low solution, charge-transfer and Warburg resistance as compared to the flake and spherically shaped MnCO3 grown on RGO sheets. A fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device with MnCO3 (lotus) – RGO as the positive electrode and sonochemically reduced GO as the negative electrode – exhibited a working potential of ∼0–1.6 V, SC of ∼ 335 F g−1 at ∼2 A g−1 (∼468 mF cm−2 at ∼2.8 mA cm−2), an energy density of ∼120 W h kg−1 (∼0.16 mW h cm−2) and a power density of ∼16 kW kg−1 (∼22 mW cm−2) with a GCD stability of ∼73% after 10 000 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Potassium (K) incorporated nanographitic structure has been derived from cotton (Gossypium arboreum) through KOH activation followed by postannealing treatment. The outer active sites increase as compared to the inner active sites in consequence to K incorporation. Diffusion time constant also decreases as surface area increases after K incorporation. Electrical conductivity of the nanographitic structure increases with K incorporation and showed a high specific capacitance (∼431 F g-1) as negative electrode material. An asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) has been configured where α-Ni(OH)2/reduced graphene oxide composite was used as the positive electrode material. Appropriate incorporation of the positive and negative electrode materials in the ASC is supported by the efficient (74%) access of voltammetric charge available by the individual electrodes. Furthermore, low relaxation time constant (∼150 ms), high energy density (∼111 W h kg-1), and long life stability of the ASC ensure its potentiality in the energy storage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]