9 results on '"Jan-Joost Schouten"'
Search Results
2. Numerical modelling of the migration direction of tidal sand waves over sand banks
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Jan-Joost Schouten, Bastiaan Wijnand Borsje, Johan Hendrik Damveld, T.J. Roetert, R. Hoekstra, S. Leenders, and Marine and Fluvial Systems
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Environmental Engineering ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,010505 oceanography ,Sand bank ,Flow (psychology) ,UT-Hybrid-D ,Ocean Engineering ,01 natural sciences ,Sand wave ,Offshore wind power ,Tidal forcing ,Bathymetry ,Horizontal flow ,North sea ,Geomorphology ,Geology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Tidal sand waves are large-scale bed forms found in shallow sandy seas, which show a migration of several meters per year. Field data from the Dutch part of the North Sea revealed a migration pattern causing bidirectional migration of sand waves over a sand bank, resulting in sand wave migration uphill from both sides of the sand bank. In order to understand the physical mechanisms behind this migration behaviour, we study the inclusion of a sand bank under a sand wave field using the numerical model Delft3D. First, the schematized model set-up (i.e. schematized bathymetry and simple tidal forcing) showed that the alteration of the tidal flow by a sand bank resulted in tide-averaged horizontal flow towards the top of the sand bank, causing the bidirectional migration of sand waves over the sand bank. Second, a case study was performed in which a more complex model set-up was used (bathymetry and tidal forcing identical to a study site in the North Sea where an offshore wind farm is developed). Here, the model results revealed migration directions comparable to field observations. The results open opportunities to explore modelling migration patterns of sand wave fields for offshore wind farm development in areas with complex bathymetric environments.
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- 2021
3. Edge scour at scour protections around piles in the marine environment — Laboratory and field investigation
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Thor Ugelvig Petersen, Jørgen Fredsøe, B. Mutlu Sumer, Jan-Joost Schouten, and Tim Raaijmakers
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Offshore wind power ,Environmental Engineering ,Particle image velocimetry ,Shear stress ,Ocean Engineering ,Bridge scour ,Geotechnical engineering ,Wake ,Pile ,Sediment transport ,Geology ,Vortex - Abstract
When building offshore wind turbines with monopile foundations, scour protection typically is placed to avoid scouring of the soil close to the monopile. An important aspect is that the scour protection itself causes erosion, inflicted by the local increase in current and/or wave velocities and in turn increased bed shear stresses. Scour of the edge material alongside the scour protection may cause deformations and failure of the scour protection of offshore wind turbine foundations. This can reduce the stability of the stone layer and cause exposure of cables running between the monopiles where they go from buried to the transition piece on the foundation. Although much information is available on the design of scour protection systems around monopiles, little is known on the mechanisms causing edge scour and the equilibrium stages of the edge scour process in steady current, waves and combined waves and current. This paper presents an extensive experimental campaign to explain the edge scour process in current and combined irregular waves and current, as well as tidal current. The three-dimensional flow field around the pile and scour protection is resolved by particle image velocimetry and bed shear stress measurements, showing a local increase in the flow velocities and bed shear stresses leading to increased sediment transport and scour. The governing process in steady current is a pair of symmetrical counter-rotating vortices emerging in the near bed region in the wake of the pile and scour protection, causing a significant downstream scour hole. It is found that the equilibrium scour hole depth and length scales with the pile diameter and the ratio between the thickness- and the width of the scour protection. In the second part of the present paper, the results from the experimental campaign are compared with the edge scour experienced in practice, outlined by a survey program of the offshore wind park Egmond Aan Zee and a published field investigation of Scroby Sands OWF by Whitehouse et al. (2011).
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- 2015
4. Statistical models for improving significant wave height predictions in offshore operations
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Jan-Joost Schouten, Sandra Gaytan Aguilar, Gabriela F. Nane, and Stergios Emmanouil
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Structure (mathematical logic) ,Environmental Engineering ,Computer science ,Bayesian network ,020101 civil engineering ,Ocean Engineering ,Statistical model ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Industrial engineering ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,0201 civil engineering ,Offshore wind power ,Bayesian networks ,Improved forecasts ,0103 physical sciences ,Offshore operations ,Submarine pipeline ,Statistical techniques ,Significant wave height ,Focus (optics) ,Real-time predictions - Abstract
Installation and maintenance strategies regarding offshore wind farm operations involve extensive logistics. The main focus is the right temporal and spatial placement of personnel and equipment, while taking into account forecasted meteorological and ocean conditions. For these operations to be successful, weather windows characterized by certain permissive wave conditions are of enormous importance, whereas unforeseen events result in high cost and risk of safety. Numerical modelling of waves, water levels and current related variables has been used extensively to forecast ocean conditions. To account for the inherited model uncertainty, several error modelling techniques can be implemented for the numerical model forecasts to be corrected. In this study, various Bayesian Network (BN) models are incorporated, in order to enhance the accuracy of the significant wave height predictions and to be compared with other techniques, in conditions resembling the real-time nature of the application. The implemented BN models differ in terms of training and structure and provide overall the most satisfying performance. Supplementary, it is shown that the BN models illustrate significant advantages as both quantitative and conceptual tools, since they produce estimates for the underlying uncertainty of the phenomena, while providing information about the incorporated variables’ dependence relationships through their structure.
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- 2020
5. Socio-enonomic Analysis of a Selected Multi-use Offshore Site in the North Sea
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Aris Moussoulides, Jenny Norrman, Mark de Bel, Jan-Joost Schouten, Marian Stuiver, Petros Xepapadeas, Anastasios Xepapadeas, Elias Giannakis, Bilge Bas, Amerissa Giannouli, Tore Söderqvist, Rita Garção, Nilay Elginoz, Phoebe Koundouri, Stella Tsani, Lars Rosén, and Arjen Boon
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Offshore wind power ,Geography ,Programmateam ESG ,Environmental protection ,Programme team ESG ,Life Science ,Production (economics) ,Institutional analysis ,Marine spatial planning ,Submarine pipeline ,Exclusive economic zone ,Port (computer networking) ,Externality - Abstract
A 600 MW offshore wind farm is under construction in the Netherlands Exclusive Economic Zone at a site called Gemini situated 55 km north of the Wadden Sea island of Schiermonnikoog and 85 km from the nearest Dutch port of Eemshaven. This chapter investigates the option of introducing a multi-use design for the Gemini site by adding mussel cultivation (48 kt wet weight per year) and seaweed cultivation (480 kt wet weight per year) to the wind farm. An institutional analysis indicates a political will in the Netherlands to support the development of adding uses to offshore wind farms, but a number of implementation obstacles are also identified. Those obstacles include an absence of licences for multi-use production and legal restrictions against third-party access to wind farms. There is therefore a need for a regulatory framework for multi-use and trust-building among actors involved in multi-use installations. A financial and economic assessment, and a cost-benefit analysis also taking into account monetized changes in CO2 emissions, indicate that adding mussel cultivation to the wind farm is likely to be both financially and socio-economically viable. Including a seaweed cultivation function is probably not financially and socio-economically viable under current technical and economic conditions. Knowledge gaps and uncertainties in these assessments with respect to, for example, missing site-specific data and non-monetized externalities suggest further research, also including pilot cultivations of mussels and seaweed in planned single-use or multi-use installations.
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- 2017
6. The Governance of multi-use platforms at sea forenergy production and aquaculture: challenges forpolicy makers in European seas
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Rita Garção, Barbara Zanuttigh, Katrine Soma, Saskia Hommes, Raúl Guanche, Jenny Norrman, Mark de Bel, Amerissa Giannouli, Jan-Joost Schouten, Phoebe Koundouri, Sander van den Burg, Thorbjørn Harkamp, Niels Dalsgaard, Alwin Gerritsen, Lars Rosén, Marian Stuiver, Flemming Møhlenberg, Ole Svenstrup Petersen, Tore Söderqvist, Christine Röckmann, Fabio Zagonari, Stuiver, M., Soma, K., Koundouri, P., van den Burg, S., Gerritsen, A., Harkamp, T., Dalsgaard, N., Zagonari, F., Guanche, R., Schouten, J., Hommes, S., Giannouli, A., Söderqvist, T., Rosen, L., Garção, R., Norrman, J., Röckmann, C., de Bel, M., Zanuttigh, B., Petersen, O., and Möhlenberg, F.
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0106 biological sciences ,Other Social Sciences not elsewhere specified ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Energy (esotericism) ,Geography, Planning and Development ,TJ807-830 ,PESTEL ,WASS ,Regional Development and Spatial Use ,Aquaculture ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,TD194-195 ,01 natural sciences ,Renewable energy sources ,Mediterranean sea ,Onderzoeksformatie ,Production (economics) ,GE1-350 ,14. Life underwater ,North sea ,marine governance ,Green Economy and Landuse ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,fish ,HB Economic Theory ,Governance ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Corporate governance ,Environmental resource management ,multi-use platform ,Regionale Ontwikkeling en Ruimtegebruik ,Environmental Management ,Environmental sciences ,Groene Economie en Ruimte ,multi-use platforms ,offshore ,governance ,energy production ,aquaculture ,13. Climate action ,Energy production ,Submarine pipeline ,Multi-use platforms ,Offshore ,business ,Tourism ,GE Environmental Sciences - Abstract
European seas are encountering an upsurge in competing marine activities and infrastructures. Traditional exploitation such as fisheries, tourism, transportation, and oil production are accompanied by new sustainable economic activities such as offshore windfarms, aquaculture, and tidal and wave energy. One proposed solution to overcome possible competing claims at sea lies in combining these economic activities as part of Multi-Use Platforms at Sea (MUPS). MUPS can be understood as areas at sea, designated for a combination of activities, either completely integrated in a platform or in shared marine space. MUPS can potentially benefit from each other in terms of infrastructure, maintenance, etc. Developing MUPS in the marine environment demands adequate governance. In this article, we investigate four European sites to find out how governance arrangements may facilitate or complicate MUPs. In particular, we apply a framework specifying policy, economic, social, technical, environmental, and legal (PESTEL) factors to explore governance arrangements in four case study sites in different sea basins around Europe ( the Mediterranean Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, and the Baltic Sea). The article concludes with policy recommendations on a governance regime for facilitating the development of MUPS in the future.
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- 2016
7. Participatory Design of Multi-Use Platforms at Sea
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Jenny Norrman, Lucia Meneses Aja, Jan-Joost Schouten, Rita Garção, Mark de Bel, Marian Stuiver, Ole Svenstrup Petersen, Javier Sarmiento, Barbara Zanuttigh, Raul Guanche Garcia, Pedro Díaz-Simal, Phoebe Koundouri, Amerissa Giannouli, Tore Söderqvist, Sander van den Burg, Christine Röckmann, Fabio Zagonari, Universidad de Cantabria, van den Burg, S., Stuiver, M., Norrman, J., Garção, R., Söderqvist, T., Röckmann, C., Schouten, J., Petersen, O., Diaz-Simal, P., de Bel, M., Meneses Aja, L., Zagonari, F., Zanuttigh, B., Sarmiento, J., Giannouli, A., and Koundouri, P.
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Multi-use platforms at sea ,0106 biological sciences ,Engineering ,Knowledge management ,Geography, Planning and Development ,lcsh:TJ807-830 ,Regional Development and Spatial Use ,Aquaculture ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Renewable energy sources ,Participatory GIS ,Participatory design ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,GE1-350 ,participatory design ,offshore wind ,Green Economy and Landuse ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,lcsh:GE1-350 ,ocean energy ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,Ecology ,Corporate governance ,lcsh:Environmental effects of industries and plants ,multi-use platforms at sea ,aquaculture ,Environmental resource management ,Groene Economie en Ruimte ,Process (engineering) ,020209 energy ,lcsh:Renewable energy sources ,TJ807-830 ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,TD194-195 ,Ocean energy ,Onderzoeksformatie ,14. Life underwater ,Offshore wind ,Socioeconomic status ,Sustainable solutions ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,Shared knowledge ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,G Geography (General) ,Regionale Ontwikkeling en Ruimtegebruik ,Environmental sciences ,lcsh:TD194-195 ,13. Climate action ,Table (database) ,business - Abstract
European oceans are subject to rapid development. New activities such as aquaculture and ocean energy have gained importance. This triggers interest in ?multi-use platforms at sea? (MUPS), i.e., areas at sea in which different activities are combined. MUPS are complex features with regards to technology, governance, and financial, socioeconomic, and environmental aspects. To identify realistic and sustainable solutions and designs for MUPS, the MERMAID project applied a participatory design process (PDP) involving a range of stakeholders representing companies, authorities, researchers, and NGOs. This paper evaluates if and how the participatory design process contributed to the design of multi-use platforms. It is based on interviews with the managers of the case study sites and a questionnaire administered to all stakeholders participating in the PDP workshops. Analyzing the four case studies, we conclude that the participatory design process has had a valuable contribution to the development of the four different designs of MUPS, even though the preconditions for carrying out a participatory design process differed between sites. In all four cases, the process has been beneficial in generating new and shared knowledge. It brought new design issues to the table and increased knowledge and understanding among the different stakeholders. This research was funded under the Seventh Framework Program, Theme [OCEAN.2011-1]. “Innovative Multi-purpose off-shore platforms: planning, design and operation” Grant Agreement no.: 288710.
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- 2016
8. Open Water Ports: Possibilities and Challenges for Container Terminals
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Otto M. Weiler, Jan-Joost Schouten, and Martijn P. C. de Jong
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Transport engineering ,Open water ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Terminal (electronics) ,Computer science ,Page layout ,Container (abstract data type) ,Sustainability ,computer.software_genre ,computer ,Port (computer networking) ,Economic benefits - Abstract
In this chapter, authors put forward a port layout design approach for an exposed container terminal. This is an unusual approach for this type of terminal because of the associated strict vessel motion criteria. Nevertheless, in view of increasingly bigger container ships that will respond less to environmental conditions, the proposed approach departs from traditional ideas on wave sheltering in ports. The chapter discusses associated advantages and disadvantages. Aside from potential economic benefits, advantages of such an approach could be smaller coastal impacts and larger sustainability . For the disadvantages we present possible directions in which we foresee that solutions could be found to overcome those (technical) limitations. After the remaining technical issues have been solved, and when the business plans of ports can facilitate this new approach, the concept of an open water port is expected to form a more sustainable alternative to traditional port layout design approaches.
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- 2013
9. D5.3 Interaction between currents, wave, structure and subsoil
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Erik Damgaard Christensen, Mutlu Sumer, B., Jan-Joost Schouten, Özgür Kirca, Ole Petersen, Bjarne Jensen, Stefan Carstensen, Cüneyt Baykal, Aldo Tralli, Hao Chen, Pietro Danilo Tomaselli, Thor Ugelvig Petersen, Jørgen Fredsøe, Raaijmakers, Tim C., Andreas Kortenhaus, Jacob Hjelmager Jensen, Sina Saremi, Karsten Bolding, and Hans Burchard
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