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This article presents a map of a ‘poetic geography’ of short literature that appeared in public in two districts on the Asian side of Istanbul, Türkiye between 2020 and 2023. I use Michel de Certeau’s concept of ‘Walking the City’ from his The Practice of Everyday Life (1984) to link space and time to map the literary material found in Istanbul’s Üsküdar and Kadıköy districts. A poetic geography contrasts with a literal map that reduces all traces to a geometrically consistent two-dimensional surface. Mapping a poetic geography offers the advantages of annotating short verbal expressions in their lived environments without the need to collect, control, and own literary fragments. After an introduction to ‘Walking Istanbul’ through a comparison of short literary fragments found in the Rasimpaşa (Kadıköy) and Mimar Sinan (Üsküdar) neighbourhoods, I offer a definition of short literary genres that includes the material, or space and time of rhetorical figures, topoi and tropes, as embodied practices. Including the material allows for both researchers and residents to annotate examples of short literature that are distributed in diverse materials across unique urban settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Methotrexate (MTX) is an antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent used in high doses for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with concurrent central nervous system (CNS) disease as well as primary CNS lymphomas. The management and prevention of the adverse events associated with the use of high-dose MTX (HD-MTX) requires interdisciplinary collaboration between the clinical pharmacy, hematology/oncology services, the medical team, and the nursing staff in the hospital treatment unit. DISCUSSION: We present the case report of the use of HD-MTX in a man with CNS lymphoma and subsequent medication interaction with laboratory assay resulting in falsely elevated MTX levels despite the optimization of supportive care. After cycle 1 of treatment with HD-MTX, the patient’s urine pH, urine output, and hydration were optimized. There were no identified medications that would delay the clearance of MTX. However, the patient had persistent serum MTX levels of >0.1 µmol/L for more than a week despite adequate renal clearance and no detected effusions. Only after a clinical pharmacist checked the specific MTX assay label was the culprit drug triamterene identified. Even tertiary database interaction inspectors did not suspect the cross-reactivity of triamterene with the laboratory MTX assay, leading to falsely reported serum MTX. This case highlights the importance of evaluating patients clinically instead of relying solely on laboratory results and remaining mindful that false-positive results can stem from cross-reactions between medications and reagents in assays. CONCLUSION: There is an important interaction between triamterene and MTX immunoassays. Healthcare providers who prescribe HD-MTX should be aware of this interaction because it can lead to falsely elevated serum MTX levels that lead to extraneous supportive care, prolonged hospital stays, and, more important, a delay in subsequent cycles of chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the first documentation of the downy chick of the Calayan Rail Gallirallus calayanensis, a species endemic to Calayan Island, northern Philippines. she chicks had dark brown plumage, dark bluish eyes, red-purplish legs, and purplish beak with a white egg tooth. Two adult rails were observed with the chicks. The observation provides additional information on the breeding biology and behavior of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution embodies the principle of state sovereign immunity, long held to bar suits by private litigants in federal courts or under federal law who seek redress for rights violations at the hands of state governments. But states themselves are not the only prospective defendants shielded by this form of sovereign immunity. As a subset of Eleventh Amendment jurisprudence, the arm-of-the-state doctrine allows government entities closely situated to their respective state governments to partake of the state's Eleventh Amendment sovereign immunity. Unfortunately, this doctrine, both in theory and in application, has been fraught with inconsistency and incoherence since the Supreme Court introduced it in 1977. In its 1994 decision, Hess v. Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation, the Court offered some guiding rationales to assist the lower federal courts in conducting their arm-of-the-state analyses. The Court directed federal courts to analyze the status of state government entities in light of the twin reasons for sovereign immunity: protection of both the state's treasury and the state's dignity. While these twin reasons were intended to aid courts in applying the various factors of their arm-of-the-state tests, unfortunately-like the jurisprudence that preceded it-the Hess precedent has proven to be minimally effective. As a solution, this Comment argues that, rather than the rationales previously offered by the Court, a political accountability rationale ought to guide the arm-of-the-state inquiry. This rationale has been present in the Court's sovereign immunity jurisprudence generally but has yet to be substantially incorporated in the arm-of-the-state context. By assessing factors that evaluate the degree to which a state's interests sufficiently coincide with an entity's affairs as well as the degree to which a state exercises sufficient control over an entity, courts may better gauge whether a given entity is politically accountable to the state. Thus, courts can ensure that government entities held to partake of their state's sovereign immunity likewise are accountable to the same democratic forces that justify and check states ' own assertions of sovereign immunity. Incorporating such a rationale will more effectively preserve the integrity of the democratic process in our federal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]