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Although athlete multiple perpetrator rape (MPR) has frequently been covered in the media, it has received more limited scholarly attention. Accordingly, I synthesize findings from multiple disciplines and integrate insights from the MPR, institutional betrayal, and organizational deviance literatures to establish a heuristic framework for understanding athlete MPR. I ultimately argue that athlete MPR is both an act of interactional deviance and an act of organizational deviance. This undertaking represents one of the only works to focus explicitly on athlete MPR. It is additionally the first to examine any form of sexual assault through an organizational deviance lens.

Author(s): Sutton, James; Gu, Leon; Diercks, Deborah B. | Abstract: Introduction: Patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with “low-risk” acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms can be discharged with outpatient follow-up. However, follow-up compliance is low for unknown nonclinical reasons. We hypothesized that a patient’s social factors, health literacy, self-perceived risk, and trust in the emergency physician may impact follow-up compliance.Methods: This was a prospective study of a convenience sample of discharged ED patients presenting with chest pain and given a follow-up appointment prior to departing the ED. Patients were asked about social and demographic factors and to estimate their own risk for heart disease; they also completed the Short Assessment of Health Literacy-English (SAHL-E) and the Trust in Physician Scale (TiPS).Results: We enrolled146 patients with a follow-up rate of 36.3%. Patients who had a low self-perceived heart disease risk (10% or less) were significantly less likely to attend follow-up than those with a higher perceived risk (23% vs 44%, P = 0.01). Other factors did not significantly predict follow-up rates.Conclusion: In an urban county ED, in patients who were deemed low risk for ACS and discharged, only self-perception of risk was associated with compliance with a follow-up appointment.

Predicting the occurrence of solidification cracking during the solidification of metallic alloys by numerical simulation is a crucial move for avoiding such defects. Several models are widely available, however, the application of such are impacted due to the specific and not accessible parameters required. A simple, composition-based approach to rank solidification cracking susceptibility is presented. The procedure links computational thermodynamic and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to provide an evaluation tool for solidification cracking. The method is related to the liquid filling phenomena in dendritic arms during solidification, which plays a critical role in solidification cracking phenomena. The dendritic profiles were constructed using the fraction of solid calculated by commercial thermodynamic software packages. The calculated results were compared with experimental solidification cracking data and showed satisfactory accuracy. The method capability to rank the solidification cracking propensity of similar alloys based on composition provides an important new operative tool to aid alloy development in welding and additive manufacturing related areas.

Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of anti-nerve growth factor (NGF) monoclonal antibodies in osteoarthritis pain (hip and knee). Design Grade the evidence for anti-NGF use. Methods An interdisciplinary work group conducted a literature search for anti-NGF use in osteoarthritis. The systematic review was performed in accordance with methods described by the Cochrane collaboration. General inclusion criteria included all osteoarthritis trials studying any monoclonal anti-NGF antibody at any dose/phase. Excluded studies were those where participants received NSAIDs or analgesics other than anti-NGF antibodies. The Jadad Scale score was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Results Thirteen studies were included in the analysis, involving 8145 participants with a diagnosis of hip and/or knee osteoarthritis. Anti-NGF antibody treatment was associated with a significant improvement in all Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) indices when compared to placebo. These agents were not associated with a significantly increased incidence of serious adverse events but were associated with significant increases in therapy discontinuation due to adverse events or side effects (e.g., peripheral neuropathy). Conclusions Future randomized clinical trials are needed to characterize the overall risk-to-benefit ratio of anti-NGF antibodies in managing pain associated with OA, particularly with long-term use, in order to verify their efficacy and safety in clinical practice.

This report was designed to compare spaceflight-induced cellular and physiological adaptations of Candida albicans cultured in microgravity on the International Space Station across several payloads. C. albicans is a common opportunistic fungal pathogen responsible for a variety of superficial infections as well as systemic and more severe infections in humans. Cumulatively, the propensity of this organism to be widespread through the population, the ability to produce disease in immunocompromised individuals, and the tendency to respond to environmental stress with characteristics associated with increased virulence, require a better understanding of the yeast response to microgravity for spaceflight crew safety. As such, the responses of this yeast cultivated during several missions using two in-flight culture bioreactors were analyzed and compared herein. In general, C. albicans had a slightly shorter generation time and higher growth propensity in microgravity as compared to terrestrial controls. Rates of cell filamentation differed between bioreactors, but were low and not significantly different between flight and terrestrial controls. Viable cells were retrieved and cultured, resulting in a colony morphology that was similar between cells cultivated in flight and in terrestrial control conditions, and in contrast to that previously observed in a ground-based microgravity analog system. Of importance, yeast demonstrated an increased resistance when challenged during spaceflight with the antifungal agent, amphotericin B. Similar levels of resistance were not observed when challenged with the functionally disparate antifungal drug caspofungin. In aggregate, yeast cells cultivated in microgravity demonstrated a subset of characteristics associated with virulence. In addition, and beyond the value of the specific responses of C. albicans to microgravity, this report includes an analysis of biological reproducibility across flight opportunities, compares two spaceflight hardware systems, and includes a summary of general flight and payload timelines.

Recently resettled refugee populations may be at greater risk for exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a virus that causes coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), and face unique challenges in following recommendations to protect their health. Several factors place resettled refugees at elevated risk for exposure to persons with COVID-19 or increased severity of COVID-19: being more likely to experience poverty and live in crowded housing, being employed in less protected, service-sector jobs, experiencing language and health care access barriers, and having higher rates of co-morbidities. In preparing for and managing COVID-19, resettled refugees encounter similar barriers to those of other racial or ethnic minority populations, which may then be exacerbated by unique barriers experienced from being a refugee. Key recommendations for resettlement and healthcare providers include analyzing sociodemographic data about refugee patients, documenting and resolving barriers faced by refugees, developing refugee-specific outreach plans, using culturally and linguistically appropriate resources, ensuring medical interpretation availability, and leveraging virtual platforms along with nontraditional community partners to disseminate COVID-19 messaging.

The most essential needs for lean transformation are, first, the support of high-level management and other decision makers, and second, the acceptance of the culture. The only way an organization is going to convert from craft or mass production to lean is if the change is actively promoted by its leaders. Lean leads to much better on-time performance than craft- or mass production. The three-step process of culture mapping includes identification of what the resistances to the change will likely be, understanding why the resistances exist, and developing a plan to overcome the resistances. The major roadblock to implementing lean comes when people make two major and related wrong assumptions. They associate lean strictly with Japan. And they jump to faulty conclusions about what the Japanese depression of the 1990s and now the 2000s implies about the lean paradigm. The authors also present some essential lean lessons learned acquired in their experiences implementing lean software development.

The conscious values a customer brings up when asked about his or her needs are typically performance factors, along with perhaps a few must-be factors. Whereas customer satisfaction with must-be factors is so non-linear, it is nearly binary, that is, the customer notices little beyond their presence or absence in a product, performance factors elicit a range of satisfaction levels in direct proportion to how well the attributes are executed. Since customer satisfaction is proportional to performance, any advantage gained over the competition on attributes of this kind is typically hard-won. An attractive factor takes a customer by surprise and pleases or excites him or her. Indeed, attractive factors are sometimes called excitement factors or delight factors. Dr. Kano’s method bases its evaluations on customer inputs rather than on producer speculations.

Developers must understand universal and stable customer needs and design product features that correlate strongly to these common or unchanging needs. These customer needs are more stable across product versions as companies expand their markets to include additional customers. The customers are the participants and the product is a list of candidate common values. Each customer proposes values that he or she thinks are probably common to all similar customers. Domain analysis requires using a person who knows quite a bit about multiple customers in the organizations specific marketplace. Looking at the unique values a customer clearly recognizes as his or her own is our second lens. All customers have unique situations that may bring out a need for unique transformations in their particular environment. Most projects make requirements specifications their sole source for software requirements. A customer drafts its requirements for a new software system and places them in a deliverable document.

To identify the monumentality of a public artwork is to invoke something of its permanence and authority, but what does it mean to live alongside, to take for granted, even ignore a public work of art? To what extent should the everyday life of the spaces in which public artworks exist direct our readings of their meaning? How much more affective is a work of public art that can slip seamlessly into the public sphere: unnoticed, overlooked, forgotten?

PRC2 is a multisubunit methyltransferase involved in epigenetic regulation of early embryonic development and cell growth. The catalytic subunit EZH2 methylates primarily lysine 27 of histone H3, leading to chromatin compaction and repression of tumor suppressor genes. Inhibiting this activity by small molecules targeting EZH2 was shown to result in antitumor efficacy. Here, we describe the optimization of a chemical series representing a new class of PRC2 inhibitors which acts allosterically via the trimethyllysine pocket of the noncatalytic EED subunit. Deconstruction of a larger and complex screening hit to a simple fragment-sized molecule followed by structure-guided regrowth and careful property modulation were employed to yield compounds which achieve submicromolar inhibition in functional assays and cellular activity. The resulting molecules can serve as a simplified entry point for lead optimization and can be utilized to study this new mechanism of PRC2 inhibition and the associated biology in detail.

This article provides a context for the photographs of the 1915 Ivan Mestrovic exhibition held in the Guard Books in the Victoria and Albert Museum’s archive. With reference to the display of Rodin’s works in 1914, the reasons why these contemporary works and those of the Serbian sculptor were displayed in the museum will be briefly examined. The article also outlines why Mestrovic’s works were displayed in the particularly prominent gallery spaces in the museum and describes how this display fits into the history of the museum’s interiors, making particular reference to the criticism of the new gallery spaces designed by Sir Aston Webb, which opened in 1909.

On 6 and 9 August 1945, the two atomic bombs codenamed ‘Little Boy’ and ‘Fat Man’ were dropped on the Japanese industrial cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Their explosions represented both a fi ttingly devastating fi nal chapter to the all-encompassing world war of the preceding years and the opening salvo of what would become decades of nuclear uncertainty. Less than a decade earlier, on 26 April 1937, one of the fi rst comprehensive aerial bombings of any defenceless civilian population befell the historic town of Guernica in Spain’s Basque region during the Spanish Civil War. The number of people killed in the bombing of Guernica was placed at 1,645 by the Basque government, though modern fi gures suggest that between 153 and 400 civilians died. By contrast, at least 148,000 people were killed in the Japanese bombings before the effects of the spread of radiation are taken into account as recalled by Catherine Jolivette (218). That this short period of time saw such an escalation in the means of mass destruction is a mark of the events of the years that bridged the gap. But the atom bomb’s realization was only the most devastating and concrete example of the potential of nuclear power. Its development was a consequence of a longer history of advances in the fi elds of molecular and theoretical physics that were believed to be leading the way towards a better understanding of, and appreciation for, the physical world. That scientifi c ambition found its corollary in Britain after 1945 as the circumstances of war set the ground for the Labour Party to implement a wave of social reforms geared towards ‘building a better world’ from its ruins: the engines of what would become known as the Welfare State. Yet the continuing effects of austerity and the gradual decline into Cold War similarly undermined such efforts. This overlapping sense of hope and despair is mirrored in the artistic output of the years that span these two points, stretching before and beyond in either direction. As Carol Jacobi writes in her essay in British Art in the Nuclear Age concerned with the relation of artistic production in the early post-war years to the cultures of crisis and community engendered by the experience of war