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8 results on '"James Stubbs, R."'

2. Motivational and self-efficacy reciprocal effects during a 12-month' weight regain prevention program

Author

Palmeira, Antonio L., Sanchez-Oliva, David, Encantado, Jorge, Marques, Marta M., Santos, Ines, Duarte, Cristiana, Matos, Marcela, Larsen, Sofus C., Horgan, Graham, Teixeira, Pedro J., Heitmann, Berit L., James Stubbs, R., Palmeira, Antonio L., Sanchez-Oliva, David, Encantado, Jorge, Marques, Marta M., Santos, Ines, Duarte, Cristiana, Matos, Marcela, Larsen, Sofus C., Horgan, Graham, Teixeira, Pedro J., Heitmann, Berit L., and James Stubbs, R.

Abstract

ObjectiveWeight regain prevention is a critical public health challenge. Digital behaviour change interventions provide a scalable platform for applying and testing behaviour change theories in this challenging context. This study's goal was to analyse reciprocal effects between psychosocial variables (i.e., needs satisfaction, eating regulation, self-efficacy) and weight over 12 months using data from a large sample of participants engaged in a weight regain prevention trial. MethodsThe NoHoW study is a three-centre, large-scale weight regain prevention trial. Adults who lost >5% of their weight in the past year (N = 1627, 68.7% female, 44.10 +/- 11.86 years, 84.47 +/- 17.03 kg) participated in a 12-month' digital behaviour change-based intervention. Weight and validated measures of basic psychological needs satisfaction, eating regulation and self-efficacy were collected at baseline, six- and 12 months. Correlational, latent growth models and cross-lagged analysis were used to identify potential reciprocal effects. ResultsBaseline higher scores of needs satisfaction and self-efficacy were associated with six- and 12-month' weight loss. Baseline weight was linked to all psychosocial variables at six months, and six-months weight was associated with needs satisfaction and self-efficacy at 12 months. During the 12 months, increases in eating regulation, needs satisfaction and self-efficacy were associated with weight loss over the same period, and reciprocal effects were observed between the variables, suggesting the existence of Weight Management Cycles. ConclusionsWhile further studies are needed, during long-term weight regain prevention, weight decrease, needs satisfaction and self-efficacy may lead to Weight Management Cycles, which, if recurrent, may provide sustained prevention of weight regain.

Published
2023

4. Long-term Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Mattila, Elina, Hansen, Susanne, Bundgaard, Lise, Ramsey, Lauren, Dunning, Alice, Silva, Marlene N., Harjumaa, Marja, Ermes, Miikka, Marques, Marta M., Matos, Marcela, Larsen, Sofus C., Encantado, Jorge, Santos, Inês, Horgan, Graham, O'Driscoll, Ruairi, Turicchi, Jake, Duarte, Cristiana, Palmeira, António L., James Stubbs, R., Heitmann, Berit Lilienthal, Lähteenmäki, Liisa, Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) - pólo NMS, and NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM)

Subjects
Mixed methods, User experience, Health Informatics, Technology acceptance, Weight-loss maintenance, Focus groups, Digital behavior change intervention, Mobile phone
Abstract

Funding Information: The authors thank Sarah E Scott for her valuable contributions as the trial manager and in the user experience evaluation, and Susana Cunha for her contribution in conducting and reporting the focus groups. This project has received funding from the European Union?s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement number 643309. The material presented and views expressed here are the responsibility of the authors only. The European Union Commission does not take responsibility for any use made of the information set out. Background: Digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs) offer a promising channel for providing health promotion services. However, user experience largely determines whether they are used, which is a precondition for effectiveness. Objective: The primary aim of this study is to evaluate user experiences with the NoHoW Toolkit (TK)—a DBCI that targets weight loss maintenance—over a 12-month period by using a mixed methods approach and to identify the main strengths and weaknesses of the TK and the external factors affecting its adoption. The secondary aim is to objectively describe the measured use of the TK and its association with user experience. Methods: An 18-month, 2×2 factorial randomized controlled trial was conducted. The trial included 3 intervention arms receiving an 18-week active intervention and a control arm. The user experience of the TK was assessed quantitatively through electronic questionnaires after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of use. The questionnaires also included open-ended items that were thematically analyzed. Focus group interviews were conducted after 6 months of use and thematically analyzed to gain deeper insight into the user experience. Log files of the TK were used to evaluate the number of visits to the TK, the total duration of time spent in the TK, and information on intervention completion. Results: The usability level of the TK was rated as satisfactory. User acceptance was rated as modest; this declined during the trial in all the arms, as did the objectively measured use of the TK. The most appreciated features were weekly emails, graphs, goal setting, and interactive exercises. The following 4 themes were identified in the qualitative data: engagement with features, decline in use, external factors affecting user experience, and suggestions for improvements. Conclusions: The long-term user experience of the TK highlighted the need to optimize the technical functioning, appearance, and content of the DBCI before and during the trial, similar to how a commercial app would be optimized. In a trial setting, the users should be made aware of how to use the intervention and what its requirements are, especially when there is more intensive intervention content. publishersversion published

Published
2022

5. Data imputation and body weight variability calculation using linear and nonlinear methods in data collected from digital smart scales:Simulation and validation study

Author

Turicchi, Jake, O'Driscoll, Ruairi, Finlayson, Graham, Duarte, Cristiana, Palmeira, A. L., Larsen, Sofus C., Heitmann, Berit L., James Stubbs, R., Turicchi, Jake, O'Driscoll, Ruairi, Finlayson, Graham, Duarte, Cristiana, Palmeira, A. L., Larsen, Sofus C., Heitmann, Berit L., and James Stubbs, R.

Abstract

Background: Body weight variability (BWV) is common in the general population and may act as a risk factor for obesity or diseases. The correct identification of these patterns may have prognostic or predictive value in clinical and research settings. With advancements in technology allowing for the frequent collection of body weight data from electronic smart scales, new opportunities to analyze and identify patterns in body weight data are available. Objective: This study aims to compare multiple methods of data imputation and BWV calculation using linear and nonlinear approaches Methods: In total, 50 participants from an ongoing weight loss maintenance study (the NoHoW study) were selected to develop the procedure. We addressed the following aspects of data analysis: cleaning, imputation, detrending, and calculation of total and local BWV. To test imputation, missing data were simulated at random and using real patterns of missingness. A total of 10 imputation strategies were tested. Next, BWV was calculated using linear and nonlinear approaches, and the effects of missing data and data imputation on these estimates were investigated. Results: Body weight imputation using structural modeling with Kalman smoothing or an exponentially weighted moving average provided the best agreement with observed values (root mean square error range 0.62%-0.64%). Imputation performance decreased with missingness and was similar between random and nonrandom simulations. Errors in BWV estimations from missing simulated data sets were low (2%-7% with 80% missing data or a mean of 67, SD 40.1 available body weights) compared with that of imputation strategies where errors were significantly greater, varying by imputation method. Conclusions: The decision to impute body weight data depends on the purpose of the analysis. Directions for the best performing imputation methods are provided. For the purpose of estimating BWV, data imputation should not be conducted. Linear and nonline

Published
2020

8. Effects of added fruits and vegetables on dietary intakes and body weight in Scottish adults.

Author

Whybrow S, Harrison CL, Mayer C, and James Stubbs R

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Dietary Carbohydrates administration & dosage, Dietary Fats administration & dosage, Dietary Fiber administration & dosage, Dietary Supplements, Energy Intake physiology, Energy Metabolism physiology, Feeding Behavior psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Scotland, Body Weight physiology, Diet, Fruit, Vegetables
Abstract

An increased consumption of fruits and vegetables (F&V) has been suggested as a way to limit, or even lower, energy and fat intakes. The present study examined the effects of incorporating F&V supplements into the diets of adults who reported consuming <240 g (three portions) of F&V per d on energy and fat intakes, and change in body weight, over 8 weeks using a randomised parallel design. Thirty-four males and twenty-eight females (age 42.6 (sd 11.1) years, BMI 23.7 (sd 2.7) kg/m(2)) were each provided with supplements of 0, 300 or 600 g F&V per d. Food, nutrient and energy intakes were measured before, during and at the end of the supplementation period using 7 d weighed records. Mean daily energy intakes were not different among the three groups before (P = 0.151) or during the supplementation periods (P = 0.407), although changes in energy intakes over the study period tended to be more positive with increasing amounts of F&V supplements (P = 0.078). There was no difference in changes of body weights during the study (P = 0.242). Carbohydrate (P < 0.001), sugar (P < 0.001), fibre (P < 0.001) and weight of food consumed (P = 0.022) increased in the treatment groups. There were no significant differences, or changes, in fat intakes among the three groups. Consumption of mandatory F&V supplements for 8 weeks produced beneficial changes in diet composition, but did not result in lower reported energy or fat intakes, and did not result in loss of body weight.

Published
2006
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