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Guided by affective events theory (AET), our inquiry aims at examining the relationships among affective work events, affective states, affect-driven behaviors, and attitudes of international faculty working in the Malaysian institutions of higher learning. Specifically, the impacts of interpersonal conflict, as a work event, on international faculty's affective states were in focus. In addition, the mediating role of job performance, as an affect-driven behavior, on the relationship between affective states and job satisfaction, as an attitude, was examined. Data were collected from 152 respondents and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to estimate the proposed theoretical model. Our model was examined from an explanatory-predictive perspective and exhibited a high level of out-of-sample predictive power. In addition, the results of the analysis highlighted the role of interpersonal conflict in causing affective states and affective states in causing job satisfaction. However, empirical evidence was not provided for the mediating role of job performance within the proposed model. Finally, given the fluctuating nature of the affective states, a robustness check verified the nonlinear relationship between positive affect and job performance. Implications of the findings, limitations, and recommendations were elaborated.

Objective: Echium amoenum (EA) and Foeniculum vulgare (FV) might be beneficial for the management of Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) due to their possible effects on sex hormones and neurotransmitters such as serotonin. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a combination of Echium and Fennel on the severity of physical and psychological symptoms of PMS. Materials and Methods: This triple-blinded, randomized, controlled trial was conducted on 80 women. The subjects were assigned to two groups of intervention (receiving EA 2 g/day and FV 1 g/day, in the second two weeks of the cycle, in two consecutive cycles) and placebo control. The data collection tools included the PSST, DRSP, and SF36 questionnaires. Results: Between-group differences in all subscales of DRSP were significant at one- and two-month time points (p<0.05). Bleeding volume was significantly increased in the intervention group, compared to the placebo group, two months after the intervention (p<0.05). Between-group comparison of the changes demonstrated significant differences in all subscales of SF36, except for limitations in usual role activities due to emotional problems (p=0.07). Conclusion: Consumption of EA and FV combination improved the quality of life in women with PMS and exerted favorable changes in PMS symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children's rights must be realized in all children-related settings, such as hospitals. This study aimed to assess children's rights in hospital settings in Afghanistan in 2021. A cross-sectional survey using the World Health Organization questionnaire was conducted. It was distributed among the randomly selected healthcare providers in the studied hospital. One hundred forty-two hospital managers, physicians, and nurses participated in the study. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used to analyze the results in SPSS. In this study, 54.2% of participants were men, 59.9% had a bachelor's degree, and most were 20–30 years old (56.7%). The total score of the hospital in fulfilling children's rights was 1.71 ± 0.46. Among different children's rights, "equality and non-discrimination" received the highest score (2.01 ± 0.59), and the lowest was for "play and learning" (1.1 ± 0.46). There was a meaningful relationship between education level, years of work experience, and the scores given to children's rights. Various dimensions of the rights had significant relationships (p < 0.05). The hospital has taken action to fulfill children's rights. The main gaps include the lack of adolescent-friendly health services, opportunities to play and learn, and child protection. Hospital managers, staff, and the public should be educated on children's rights. Moreover, protocols for improving children's rights and a monitoring system are needed. Children's rights should receive special attention in hospitals. Educating children, parents, service providers, health policymakers, and society about children's rights is essential. They should know their responsibilities regarding children. • In hospital setting of Afghanistan, children rights and child protection system need to improve. • Hospitalized children's rights to play and learn are among the neglected rights. • Hospital managers, staff and the public should be educated on children's rights in Afghanistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The possible effects of refractive errors on vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) has been a conflicting issue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of induced myopia on VOR using the ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (oVEMP). Methods: In this cross-sectional quasi-experimental study, 35 emmetropic and normal subjects with the mean age of 23.89 ± 3.93 (range, 20-40 years) without any ocular, nervous system, and vestibular disorders, underwent the oVEMP test in the comprehensive rehabilitation center of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The oVEMP was performed under five different conditions of testing binocularly, monocularly, and when myopia was induced with the use of spherical lenses of +1.00, +3.00, and +5.00 diopters, respectively. There were 2 to 5 min of rest with closed eyes after each condition to avoid adaptation, fatigue, and any other sources of bias. Mean latencies of oVEMP waves (N1 and P1) and amplitudes of N1-P1 complex were measured. Results: There was no significant difference between the right and left sides (P > 0.05). The induced myopia significantly increased the N1 and P1 latencies using lenses of +1.00, +3.00, and +5.00 diopters but the amplitudes of N1-P1 complex were not influenced by the different amounts of induced myopia. There was no significant difference among the different conditions of induced myopia either (P >0.05). Conclusion: Induced myopia could affect the VOR due to prolonging the latencies of oVEMP waves. However, the amplitudes were not affected and the effects of multiple degrees of induced myopia were not significantly different. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Internalized transphobia (IT) is influenced by societal norms and expectations, and it can have significant negative effects on the well-being and mental health of transgender individuals. The aim of this study was to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian 8-item IT scale among Iranian transgender individuals in order to enhance the quality and quantity of research in this field. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional and methodological study utilized convenience sampling to recruit 119 transgender individuals in Mashhad, the second most populous city in Iran, in 2021. The Persian translation of the IT scale was developed using the backward-forward translation method. Subsequently, various types of validity and reliability were assessed, including content validity using the content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR), face validity based on the impact score, construct validity through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency measured by Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest stability analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: The CVR ranged from 0.600 to 1, the CVI ranged from 0.800 to 1, and the impact score exceeded 1.5, indicating the appropriate content and face validity of the 8-item IT scale. The construct validity analysis revealed that the questionnaire is one-dimensional. The internal consistency, as measured by Cronbach's alpha, was 0.917, and the ICC for test-retest stability was 0.871. Conclusion: The Persian version of the IT scale demonstrated high and acceptable psychometric properties. The brevity of this scale facilitates its dissemination and utilization in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Health literacy organizations are doing a series of things in a health and healing environment to bring that environment to a level that makes it easier for people to understand and interpret health information. These items are designed in the checklist of Health Literacy Organization, so this study was conducted with the aim of validating the checklist of Health Literacy Organization in Iran. Materials and Methods: This research was a cross-sectional descriptive analytic study that was conducted on the tool of the Health Literacy Organization that was designed during previous studies. First, the face validity assessment of the checklist was checked by 22 experts. Then, the content validity was done using the relative coefficient of content validity rate and the content validity index by 22 experts in the field of health literacy who have favorable clinical and technical university experiences. In the third stage, in order to evaluate the calculation of the reliability coefficient, the instrument was performed by two evaluators in 12 environments, including three hospitals, two clinics, five comprehensive health service centers and two pharmacies. Results: During the content validity phase, 6 questions were removed from the list of 67 questions, and 3 questions were structurally modified. The questionnaire had a CVI of 0.919 and a CVR of 0.781. The score of the reliability coefficient for the checklist was 0.94, and if this index is higher than 0.8, it indicates a very favorable reliability. Ultimately, the checklist of 10 attributes and 61 questions was approved. Conclusion: The evaluation checklist of Health Literacy Organization has the necessary psychometric features. Hence, it is suggested to use this tool, which is a native tool and has been prepared during various studies in Iran, to design and measure the organization of health literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Health and safety literacy is an essential aspect of the employees' awareness level. Since an estimate of the literacy level can be effective in increasing the level of personnel awareness of safe and health behavior, the purpose of this study is to provide a tool in the form of a valid and reliable questionnaire in the field of occupational health and safety literacy. Materials and Methods: The current research was conducted to examine feasibility of the Persian version of the occupational health and safety literacy assessment questionnaire in employees in 2023. After translating the tool using the translation-retranslation, quantitative and qualitative validity of the questionnaire were assessed by 10 experts. Repeatability and internal consistency were examined by 30 employees, and item analysis as well as construct validity by 410 employees. Results: The impact score, CVR and CVI of the questionnaire were 3.51, 0.96 and 0.91, respectively. The construct validity confirmed the final version of the questionnaire contains 34 questions in 4 dimensions including access, review, evaluation, and use of health and job information. The ratio of the chisquare test to the degree of freedom (χ²/df) was equal to 3.71. The RMSEA index was 0.08. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was (α=0.923), and repeatability (ICC= 0.98) which were within the acceptable range. Conclusion: The Persian version of occupational safety and health literacy questionnaire with 34 items and 4 dimensions was confirmed by the concept of Iranian occupational safety and health literacy. Iranian occupational health and safety specialists can use this valid and reliable tool to assess the occupational health and safety literacy and the findings can be applied for occupational health and safety interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) culture is a part of the general culture of the organization, and it is considered a management tool for reducing incidents and controlling unsafe behaviors in the organization. The present study aimed to present a valid and reliable tool in the field of HSE culture based on the Oil and Gas Producers (OGP) guide in process industries. Materials and Methods: The current research is an instrument-making study that was conducted to determine the validity and reliability of the HSE culture questionnaire among the employees of Shahid Hashminejad Gas Refinery. After studying various texts and using the World Association of Oil and Gas Producers (OGP) guide to design related questions, quantitative and qualitative content validity by 10 experts, face validity (comprehensibility), reproducibility, and internal consistency by 30 employees, and construct validity was checked by 410 employees. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis of the final version of the questionnaire confirmed 34 items in six dimensions of the observable program of HSE management, competence and awareness of the situation, communication, training of work procedures and human factors, incident management, and HSE evaluation and audit. The average impact score, validity ratio, and validity index were 3.81, 0.82, and 0.92, respectively (a =0.94 and ICC=0.975), which was within the acceptable range. Conclusion: Based on the obtained findings, Iranian HSE specialists can use this valid and reliable tool to evaluate the HSE culture of employees, especially in process industries, and use the findings as guidelines for effective health, safety, and environmental interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]