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1. Heterogeneous genetic architectures of prostate cancer susceptibility in sub-Saharan Africa

Author

Janivara, Rohini, Chen, Wenlong C., Hazra, Ujani, Baichoo, Shakuntala, Agalliu, Ilir, Kachambwa, Paidamoyo, Simonti, Corrine N., Brown, Lyda M., Tambe, Saanika P., Kim, Michelle S., Harlemon, Maxine, Jalloh, Mohamed, Muzondiwa, Dillon, Naidoo, Daphne, Ajayi, Olabode O., Snyper, Nana Yaa, Niang, Lamine, Diop, Halimatou, Ndoye, Medina, Mensah, James E., Abrahams, Afua O. D., Biritwum, Richard, Adjei, Andrew A., Adebiyi, Akindele O., Shittu, Olayiwola, Ogunbiyi, Olufemi, Adebayo, Sikiru, Nwegbu, Maxwell M., Ajibola, Hafees O., Oluwole, Olabode P., Jamda, Mustapha A., Pentz, Audrey, Haiman, Christopher A., Spies, Petrus V., van der Merwe, André, Cook, Michael B., Chanock, Stephen J., Berndt, Sonja I., Watya, Stephen, Lubwama, Alexander, Muchengeti, Mazvita, Doherty, Sean, Smyth, Natalie, Lounsbury, David, Fortier, Brian, Rohan, Thomas E., Jacobson, Judith S., Neugut, Alfred I., Hsing, Ann W., Gusev, Alexander, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen I., Joffe, Maureen, Adusei, Ben, Gueye, Serigne M., Fernandez, Pedro W., McBride, Jo, Andrews, Caroline, Petersen, Lindsay N., Lachance, Joseph, and Rebbeck, Timothy R.

Published
2024
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12. Evaluation of augmented reality technology in global urologic surgery.

Author

Dominique, Georgina, Kunitsky, Kevin, Natchagande, Gilles, Jalloh, Mohamed, Gebreamlak, Abeselom, Lawal, Isiaka, Agounkpe, Michel, Hodonou, Fred, Yevi, Dodji, Avakoudjo, Josué, McCammon, Kurt, Watson, Graham, and Scotland, Kymora

Subjects
Augmented reality, Surgical technology, Surgical training, global surgery, global surgical partnerships, Humans, Augmented Reality, Pandemics, COVID-19, Mentors, Urologic Surgical Procedures
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic drastically reduced opportunities for surgical skill sharing between high-income and low to middle-income countries. Augmented reality (AR) technology allows mentors in one country to virtually train a mentee in another country during surgical cases without international travel. We hypothesize that AR technology is an effective live surgical training and mentorship modality. METHODS: Three senior urologic surgeons in the US and UK worked with four urologic surgeon trainees across the continent of Africa using AR systems. Trainers and trainees individually completed post-operative questionnaires evaluating their experience. RESULTS: Trainees rated the quality of virtual training as equivalent to in-person training in 83% of cases (N = 5 of 6 responses). Trainers reported the technologys visual quality as acceptable in 67% of cases (N = 12 of 18 responses). The audiovisual capabilities of the technology had a high impact in the majority of the cases. CONCLUSION: AR technology can effectively facilitate surgical training when in-person training is limited or unavailable.

Published
2023

13. Bridging Treatment Implementation Gaps in Patients With Heart Failure: JACC Focus Seminar 2/3.

Author

Jalloh, Mohamed, Averbuch, Tauben, Kulkarni, Prashanth, Granger, Christopher, Januzzi, James, Zannad, Faiez, Yeh, Robert, Yancy, Clyde, Fonarow, Gregg, Breathett, Khadijah, Gibson, C, and Van Spall, Harriette

Subjects
clinical trials, conceptual frameworks, guideline-directed medical therapies, heart failure, implementation science, Humans, Aged, Heart Failure, Stroke Volume
Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of death and disability in older adults. Despite decades of high-quality evidence to support their use, guideline-directed medical therapies (GDMTs) that reduce death and disease burden in HF have been suboptimally implemented. Approaches to closing care gaps have focused largely on strategies proven to be ineffective, whilst effective interventions shown to improve GDMT uptake have not been instituted. This review synthesizes implementation interventions that increase the uptake of GDMT, discusses barriers and facilitators of implementation, summarizes conceptual frameworks in implementation science that could improve knowledge uptake, and offers suggestions for trial design that could better facilitate end-of-trial implementation. We propose an evidence-to-care conceptual model that could foster the simultaneous generation of evidence and long-term implementation. By adopting principles of implementation science, policymakers, researchers, and clinicians can help reduce the burden of HF on patients and health care systems worldwide.

Published
2023

17. An intra-covid-19 assessment of hand hygiene facility, policy and staff compliance in two hospitals in Sierra Leone: Is there a difference between regional and capital city hospitals?

Author

Lakoh, Sulaiman, Firima, Emmanuel, Williams, Christine Ellen Elleanor, Conteh, Sarah K, Jalloh, Mohamed Boie, Sheku, Mohamed Gbeshay, Adekanmbi, Olukemi, Sevalie, Stephen, Kamara, Sylvia Adama, Kamara, Mohamed Akmed Salim, Barrie, Umu, Kamara, Gladys Nanilla, Yi, Le, Guo, Xuejun, Haffner, Chukwuemeka, Kamara, Matilda N, Jiba, Darlinda F, Namanaga, Enanga Sonia, Maruta, Anna, Kallon, Christiana, Kanu, Joseph Sam, Deen, Gibrilla F, Samai, Mohamed, Okeibunor, Joseph Chukwudi, and Russell, James BW

Published
2021

18. Characterizing prostate cancer risk through multi-ancestry genome-wide discovery of 187 novel risk variants

Author

Wang, Anqi, Shen, Jiayi, Rodriguez, Alex A., Saunders, Edward J., Chen, Fei, Janivara, Rohini, Darst, Burcu F., Sheng, Xin, Xu, Yili, Chou, Alisha J., Benlloch, Sara, Dadaev, Tokhir, Brook, Mark N., Plym, Anna, Sahimi, Ali, Hoffman, Thomas J., Takahashi, Atushi, Matsuda, Koichi, Momozawa, Yukihide, Fujita, Masashi, Laisk, Triin, Figuerêdo, Jéssica, Muir, Kenneth, Ito, Shuji, Liu, Xiaoxi, Uchio, Yuji, Kubo, Michiaki, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Wan, Peggy, Andrews, Caroline, Lori, Adriana, Choudhury, Parichoy P., Schleutker, Johanna, Tammela, Teuvo L. J., Sipeky, Csilla, Auvinen, Anssi, Giles, Graham G., Southey, Melissa C., MacInnis, Robert J., Cybulski, Cezary, Wokolorczyk, Dominika, Lubinski, Jan, Rentsch, Christopher T., Cho, Kelly, Mcmahon, Benjamin H., Neal, David E., Donovan, Jenny L., Hamdy, Freddie C., Martin, Richard M., Nordestgaard, Borge G., Nielsen, Sune F., Weischer, Maren, Bojesen, Stig E., Røder, Andreas, Stroomberg, Hein V., Batra, Jyotsna, Chambers, Suzanne, Horvath, Lisa, Clements, Judith A., Tilly, Wayne, Risbridger, Gail P., Gronberg, Henrik, Aly, Markus, Szulkin, Robert, Eklund, Martin, Nordstrom, Tobias, Pashayan, Nora, Dunning, Alison M., Ghoussaini, Maya, Travis, Ruth C., Key, Tim J., Riboli, Elio, Park, Jong Y., Sellers, Thomas A., Lin, Hui-Yi, Albanes, Demetrius, Weinstein, Stephanie, Cook, Michael B., Mucci, Lorelei A., Giovannucci, Edward, Lindstrom, Sara, Kraft, Peter, Hunter, David J., Penney, Kathryn L., Turman, Constance, Tangen, Catherine M., Goodman, Phyllis J., Thompson, Jr., Ian M., Hamilton, Robert J., Fleshner, Neil E., Finelli, Antonio, Parent, Marie-Élise, Stanford, Janet L., Ostrander, Elaine A., Koutros, Stella, Beane Freeman, Laura E., Stampfer, Meir, Wolk, Alicja, Håkansson, Niclas, Andriole, Gerald L., Hoover, Robert N., Machiela, Mitchell J., Sørensen, Karina Dalsgaard, Borre, Michael, Blot, William J., Zheng, Wei, Yeboah, Edward D., Mensah, James E., Lu, Yong-Jie, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Feng, Ninghan, Mao, Xueying, Wu, Yudong, Zhao, Shan-Chao, Sun, Zan, Thibodeau, Stephen N., McDonnell, Shannon K., Schaid, Daniel J., West, Catharine M. L., Barnett, Gill, Maier, Christiane, Schnoeller, Thomas, Luedeke, Manuel, Kibel, Adam S., Drake, Bettina F., Cussenot, Olivier, Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine, Menegaux, Florence, Truong, Thérèse, Koudou, Yves Akoli, John, Esther M., Grindedal, Eli Marie, Maehle, Lovise, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Ingles, Sue A., Stern, Mariana C., Vega, Ana, Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio, Fachal, Laura, Rosenstein, Barry S., Kerns, Sarah L., Ostrer, Harry, Teixeira, Manuel R., Paulo, Paula, Brandão, Andreia, Watya, Stephen, Lubwama, Alexander, Bensen, Jeannette T., Butler, Ebonee N., Mohler, James L., Taylor, Jack A., Kogevinas, Manolis, Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad, Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Teerlink, Craig C., Huff, Chad D., Pilie, Patrick, Yu, Yao, Bohlender, Ryan J., Gu, Jian, Strom, Sara S., Multigner, Luc, Blanchet, Pascal, Brureau, Laurent, Kaneva, Radka, Slavov, Chavdar, Mitev, Vanio, Leach, Robin J., Brenner, Hermann, Chen, Xuechen, Holleczek, Bernd, Schöttker, Ben, Klein, Eric A., Hsing, Ann W., Kittles, Rick A., Murphy, Adam B., Logothetis, Christopher J., Kim, Jeri, Neuhausen, Susan L., Steele, Linda, Ding, Yuan Chun, Isaacs, William B., Nemesure, Barbara, Hennis, Anselm J. M., Carpten, John, Pandha, Hardev, Michael, Agnieszka, De Ruyck, Kim, De Meerleer, Gert, Ost, Piet, Xu, Jianfeng, Razack, Azad, Lim, Jasmine, Teo, Soo-Hwang, Newcomb, Lisa F., Lin, Daniel W., Fowke, Jay H., Neslund-Dudas, Christine M., Rybicki, Benjamin A., Gamulin, Marija, Lessel, Davor, Kulis, Tomislav, Usmani, Nawaid, Abraham, Aswin, Singhal, Sandeep, Parliament, Matthew, Claessens, Frank, Joniau, Steven, Van den Broeck, Thomas, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Castelao, Jose Esteban, Martinez, Maria Elena, Larkin, Samantha, Townsend, Paul A., Aukim-Hastie, Claire, Bush, William S., Aldrich, Melinda C., Crawford, Dana C., Srivastava, Shiv, Cullen, Jennifer, Petrovics, Gyorgy, Casey, Graham, Wang, Ying, Tettey, Yao, Lachance, Joseph, Tang, Wei, Biritwum, Richard B., Adjei, Andrew A., Tay, Evelyn, Truelove, Ann, Niwa, Shelley, Yamoah, Kosj, Govindasami, Koveela, Chokkalingam, Anand P., Keaton, Jacob M., Hellwege, Jacklyn N., Clark, Peter E., Jalloh, Mohamed, Gueye, Serigne M., Niang, Lamine, Ogunbiyi, Olufemi, Shittu, Olayiwola, Amodu, Olukemi, Adebiyi, Akindele O., Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen I., Ajibola, Hafees O., Jamda, Mustapha A., Oluwole, Olabode P., Nwegbu, Maxwell, Adusei, Ben, Mante, Sunny, Darkwa-Abrahams, Afua, Diop, Halimatou, Gundell, Susan M., Roobol, Monique J., Jenster, Guido, van Schaik, Ron H. N., Hu, Jennifer J., Sanderson, Maureen, Kachuri, Linda, Varma, Rohit, McKean-Cowdin, Roberta, Torres, Mina, Preuss, Michael H., Loos, Ruth J. F., Zawistowski, Matthew, Zöllner, Sebastian, Lu, Zeyun, Van Den Eeden, Stephen K., Easton, Douglas F., Ambs, Stefan, Edwards, Todd L., Mägi, Reedik, Rebbeck, Timothy R., Fritsche, Lars, Chanock, Stephen J., Berndt, Sonja I., Wiklund, Fredrik, Nakagawa, Hidewaki, Witte, John S., Gaziano, J. Michael, Justice, Amy C., Mancuso, Nick, Terao, Chikashi, Eeles, Rosalind A., Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Madduri, Ravi K., Conti, David V., and Haiman, Christopher A.

Published
2023
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20. Behaviors Associated With Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in California and Colorado, January 2021-April 2021.

Author

Namageyo-Funa, Apophia, Ruffin, Jasmine, Killerby, Marie, Jalloh, Mohamed, Scott, Colleen, Lindell, Kristine, Silver, Margaret, Matanock, Almea, Soto, Raymond, Donnelly, Marisa, Schwartz, Noah, Chuey, Meagan, Chu, Victoria, Beatty, Mark, Totten, Sarah, Hudziec, Meghan, Tate, Jacqueline, Kirking, Hannah, and Hsu, Christopher

Subjects
Adherence, COVID-19, behavior, household, mitigation, secondary transmission
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Mitigation behaviors are key to preventing SARS-CoV-2 transmission. We identified the behaviors associated with secondary transmission from confirmed SARS-CoV-2 primary cases to household contacts and described the characteristics associated with reporting these behaviors. METHODS: Households with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections were recruited in California and Colorado from January to April 2021. Self-reported behaviors and demographics were collected through interviews. We investigated behaviors associated with transmission and individual and household characteristics associated with behaviors using univariable and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for household clustering. RESULTS: Among household contacts of primary cases, 43.3% (133 of 307) became infected with SARS-CoV-2. When an adjusted analysis was conducted, household contacts who slept in the same bedroom with the primary case (AOR=2.19; 95% CI=1.25, 3.84) and ate food prepared by the primary case (AOR=1.98; 95% CI=1.02, 3.87) had increased odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Household contacts in homes ≤2,000 square feet had increased odds of sleeping in the same bedroom as the primary case compared with those in homes >2,000 square feet (AOR=3.97; 95% CI=1.73, 9.10). Parents, siblings, and other relationships (extended family, friends, or roommates) of the primary case had decreased odds of eating food prepared by the primary case compared with partners. CONCLUSIONS: Sleeping in the same bedroom as the primary case and eating food prepared by the primary case were associated with secondary transmission. Household dimension and relationship to the primary case were associated with these behaviors. Our findings encourage innovative means to promote adherence to mitigation measures that reduce household transmission.

Published
2022

21. The network epidemiology of an Ebola epidemic

Author

Hébert-Dufresne, Laurent, Young, Jean-Gabriel, Bedson, Jamie, Skrip, Laura A., Pedi, Danielle, Jalloh, Mohamed F., Raulier, Bastian, Lapointe-Gagné, Olivier, Jambai, Amara, Allard, Antoine, and Althouse, Benjamin M.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution, Physics - Physics and Society
Abstract

Connecting the different scales of epidemic dynamics, from individuals to communities to nations, remains one of the main challenges of disease modeling. Here, we revisit one of the largest public health efforts deployed against a localized epidemic: the 2014-2016 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) epidemic in Sierra Leone. We leverage the data collected by the surveillance and contact tracing protocols of the Sierra Leone Ministry of Health and Sanitation, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and other responding partners to validate a network epidemiology framework connecting the population (incidence), community (local forecasts), and individual (secondary infections) scales of disease transmission. In doing so, we gain a better understanding of what brought the EVD epidemic to an end: Reduction of introduction in new clusters (primary cases), and not reduction in local transmission patterns (secondary infections). We also find that the first 90 days of the epidemic contained enough information to produce probabilistic forecasts of EVD cases; forecasts which we show are confirmed independently by both disease surveillance and contact tracing. Altogether, using data available two months before the start of the international support to the local response, network epidemiology could have inferred heterogeneity in local transmissions, the risk for superspreading events, and probabilistic forecasts of eventual cases per community. We expect that our framework will help connect large data collection efforts with individual behavior, and help reduce uncertainty during health emergencies and emerging epidemics., Comment: See the anciliary file for our Supplementary Information document

Published
2021

24. The Lancet Commission on prostate cancer: planning for the surge in cases

Author

James, Nicholas D, Tannock, Ian, N'Dow, James, Feng, Felix, Gillessen, Silke, Ali, Syed Adnan, Trujillo, Blanca, Al-Lazikani, Bissan, Attard, Gerhardt, Bray, Freddie, Compérat, Eva, Eeles, Ros, Fatiregun, Omolara, Grist, Emily, Halabi, Susan, Haran, Áine, Herchenhorn, Daniel, Hofman, Michael S, Jalloh, Mohamed, Loeb, Stacy, MacNair, Archie, Mahal, Brandon, Mendes, Larissa, Moghul, Masood, Moore, Caroline, Morgans, Alicia, Morris, Michael, Murphy, Declan, Murthy, Vedang, Nguyen, Paul L, Padhani, Anwar, Parker, Charles, Rush, Hannah, Sculpher, Mark, Soule, Howard, Sydes, Matthew R, Tilki, Derya, Tunariu, Nina, Villanti, Paul, and Xie, Li-Ping

Published
2024
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26. Multinational, Multicenter Evaluation of Prostate Cancer Tissue in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities

Author

van Wyk, Abraham C., Lal, Priti, Ogunbiyi, J. Olufemi, Kyokunda, Lynnette, Hobenu, Fred, Dial, Cherif, Jalloh, Mohamed, Gyasi, Richard, Oluwole, Olabode P., Abrahams, Afua D., Botha, Adam R., Mtshali, Nompumelelo Zamokuhle, Andrews, Caroline, Mante, Sunny, Adusei, Ben, Gueye, Serigne M., Mensah, James E., Adjei, Andrew Anthony, Tettey, Yao, Adebiyi, Akin, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen, Eniola, Sefiu Bolarinwa, Serna, Amparo, Yamoah, Kosj, Chen, Wenlong Carl, Fernandez, Pedro, Robinson, Brian D., Mosquera, Juan Miguel, Hsing, Ann W., Agalliu, Ilir, and Rebbeck, Timothy R.

Published
2024
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30. How and why progress in public financial management reforms vary in post-conflict anglophone Liberia and Sierra Leone

Author

Jalloh, Mohamed Adama

Subjects
H Social Sciences (General), HB Economic Theory, HJ Public Finance, JF Political institutions (General)
Abstract

After almost two decades of implementing New Public Financial Management (NPFM) reforms, progress in reforming Public Financial Management (PFM) systems, processes and institutions in developing countries has been limited and uneven. This is in spite of the substantial financial and technical support from Development Partners. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence and often the evidence cited is anecdotal about the specific role of non-technical drivers in in explaining the state of PFM reforms in developing countries. This is in part, because each of the approach used to study PFM reforms has focused mainly on addressing only limited aspects of PFM, leaving many critical aspects unaddressed in the reform strategy. In response to the many challenges and shortcomings of current approaches, this study adopts a holistic approach, using case studies and the process-tracing method to investigate the cumulative contributions of the underlying drivers to understand why progress in PFM reforms is limited and uneven in post-conflict Liberia and Sierra Leone. This evidence-based study reveals the substantial progress made in upstream reforms is not enough to deliver on the promise of PFM reforms and has not trickled down to downstream service delivery elements of PFM. Partial implementation of reform initiatives has been typical in post-conflict Anglophone countries. The untypical progress made in some downstream reforms, such as Integrated Financial Management Information Systems is partly because politicians and civil servants have found ways to bypass core control and accountability mechanisms. It is easier to align the interests of International Partners and Country Governments in upstream and de jure reforms, but downstream and deconcentrated reforms areas remain the challenge. They are deeply rooted in the interests, incentives and power-relations of Political Leaders and their appointees. The implications of this study, therefore suggest that strategic nuancing of PFM reform programming, through the holistic approach is needed, capable of addressing both the low-hanging fruits and more far-reaching reforms by expanding the reform space, engaging wider stakeholders and deepening reform of downstream service delivery units.

Published
2020

31. Evidence of Novel Susceptibility Variants for Prostate Cancer and a Multiancestry Polygenic Risk Score Associated with Aggressive Disease in Men of African Ancestry

Author

Chen, Fei, Madduri, Ravi K., Rodriguez, Alex A., Darst, Burcu F., Chou, Alisha, Sheng, Xin, Wang, Anqi, Shen, Jiayi, Saunders, Edward J., Rhie, Suhn K., Bensen, Jeannette T., Ingles, Sue A., Kittles, Rick A., Strom, Sara S., Rybicki, Benjamin A., Nemesure, Barbara, Isaacs, William B., Stanford, Janet L., Zheng, Wei, Sanderson, Maureen, John, Esther M., Park, Jong Y., Xu, Jianfeng, Wang, Ying, Berndt, Sonja I., Huff, Chad D., Yeboah, Edward D., Tettey, Yao, Lachance, Joseph, Tang, Wei, Rentsch, Christopher T., Cho, Kelly, Mcmahon, Benjamin H., Biritwum, Richard B., Adjei, Andrew A., Tay, Evelyn, Truelove, Ann, Niwa, Shelley, Sellers, Thomas A., Yamoah, Kosj, Murphy, Adam B., Crawford, Dana C., Patel, Alpa V., Bush, William S., Aldrich, Melinda C., Cussenot, Olivier, Petrovics, Gyorgy, Cullen, Jennifer, Neslund-Dudas, Christine M., Stern, Mariana C., Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Govindasami, Koveela, Cook, Michael B., Chokkalingam, Anand P., Hsing, Ann W., Goodman, Phyllis J., Hoffmann, Thomas J., Drake, Bettina F., Hu, Jennifer J., Keaton, Jacob M., Hellwege, Jacklyn N., Clark, Peter E., Jalloh, Mohamed, Gueye, Serigne M., Niang, Lamine, Ogunbiyi, Olufemi, Idowu, Michael O., Popoola, Olufemi, Adebiyi, Akindele O., Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen I., Ajibola, Hafees O., Jamda, Mustapha A., Oluwole, Olabode P., Nwegbu, Maxwell, Adusei, Ben, Mante, Sunny, Darkwa-Abrahams, Afua, Mensah, James E., Diop, Halimatou, Van Den Eeden, Stephen K., Blanchet, Pascal, Fowke, Jay H., Casey, Graham, Hennis, Anselm J., Lubwama, Alexander, Thompson, Ian M., Jr., Leach, Robin, Easton, Douglas F., Preuss, Michael H., Loos, Ruth J., Gundell, Susan M., Wan, Peggy, Mohler, James L., Fontham, Elizabeth T., Smith, Gary J., Taylor, Jack A., Srivastava, Shiv, Eeles, Rosaline A., Carpten, John D., Kibel, Adam S., Multigner, Luc, Parent, Marie-Élise, Menegaux, Florence, Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine, Klein, Eric A., Andrews, Caroline, Rebbeck, Timothy R., Brureau, Laurent, Ambs, Stefan, Edwards, Todd L., Watya, Stephen, Chanock, Stephen J., Witte, John S., Blot, William J., Michael Gaziano, J., Justice, Amy C., Conti, David V., and Haiman, Christopher A.

Published
2023
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32. Challenges facing the urologist in low- and middle-income countries

Author

Metzler, Ian, Bayne, David, Chang, Helena, Jalloh, Mohamed, and Sharlip, Ira

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Urologic Diseases, Clinical Research, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Developing Countries, Female, Health Care Surveys, Humans, Income, Internationality, Male, Middle Aged, Poverty, Urology, International, Global, Low-income countries, Disparities, Access, Socioeconomic, Barriers to care, Urology & Nephrology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

PurposeThe challenges in providing urologic care across borders and in resource-constrained settings are poorly understood. We sought to better characterize the impediments to the delivery of urological care in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared to high-income countries (HICs).MethodsA 70 question online survey in RedCap™ was distributed to urologists who had practiced in countries outside of the United States and Europe categorized by World Bank income groups.Results114 urologists from 27 countries completed the survey; 35 (39%) practiced in HICs while 54 (61%) practiced in LMICs. Forty-three percent of urologists received training outside their home country. Most commonly treated conditions were urolithiasis (30%), BPH (15%) and prostate cancer (13%) which did not vary by group. Only 19% of urologists in LMICs reported sufficient urologists in their country. Patients in LMICs were less likely to get urgent drainage for infected obstructing kidney stones or endoscopic treatment for a painful kidney stone or obstructing prostate. Urologists visiting LMICs were more likely to cite deficits in knowledge, inadequate operative facilities and limited access to disposables as the major challenges whereas local LMIC urologists were more likely to cite financial challenges, limited access to diagnostics and support staff as the barriers to care.ConclusionsLMICs lack enough training opportunities and urologists to care for their population. There is disconnect between the needs identified by local and visiting urologists. International collaborations should target broader interventions in LMICs to address local priorities such as diagnostic studies, support staff and financial support.

Published
2020

35. Alternative Capture-Recapture Point and Interval Estimators Based on Two Surveillance Streams

Author

Lyles, Robert H., Wilkinson, Amanda L., Williamson, John M., Chen, Jiandong, Taylor, Allan W., Jambai, Amara, Jalloh, Mohamed, Kaiser, Reinhard, Chen, (Din) Ding-Geng, Series Editor, Bekker, Andriëtte, Editorial Board Member, Coelho, Carlos A., Editorial Board Member, Finkelstein, Maxim, Editorial Board Member, Wilson, Jeffrey R., Editorial Board Member, and Zhao, Yichuan, editor

Published
2021
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36. Overall and central obesity and prostate cancer risk in African men

Author

Agalliu, Ilir, Lin, Wei-Kaung Jerry, Zhang, Janice S., Jacobson, Judith S., Rohan, Thomas E., Adusei, Ben, Snyper, Nana Yaa F., Andrews, Caroline, Sidahmed, Elkhansa, Mensah, James E., Biritwum, Richard, Adjei, Andrew A., Okyne, Victoria, Ainuson-Quampah, Joana, Fernandez, Pedro, Irusen, Hayley, Odiaka, Emeka, Folasire, Oluyemisi Folake, Ifeoluwa, Makinde Gabriel, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen I., Nwegbu, Maxwell Madueke, Pentz, Audrey, Chen, Wenlong Carl, Joffe, Maureen, Neugut, Alfred I., Diallo, Thierno Amadou, Jalloh, Mohamed, Rebbeck, Timothy R., Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi, and Hsing, Ann W.

Published
2022
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37. Testing the generalizability of ancestry-specific polygenic risk scores to predict prostate cancer in sub-Saharan Africa

Author

Kim, Michelle S., Naidoo, Daphne, Hazra, Ujani, Quiver, Melanie H., Chen, Wenlong C., Simonti, Corinne N., Kachambwa, Paidamoyo, Harlemon, Maxine, Agalliu, Ilir, Baichoo, Shakuntala, Fernandez, Pedro, Hsing, Ann W., Jalloh, Mohamed, Gueye, Serigne M., Niang, Lamine, Diop, Halimatou, Ndoye, Medina, Snyper, Nana Yaa, Adusei, Ben, Mensah, James E., Abrahams, Afua O. D., Biritwum, Richard, Adjei, Andrew A., Adebiyi, Akindele O., Shittu, Olayiwola, Ogunbiyi, Olufemi, Adebayo, Sikiru, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen I., Nwegbu, Maxwell M., Ajibola, Hafees O., Oluwole, Olabode P., Jamda, Mustapha A., Singh, Elvira, Pentz, Audrey, Joffe, Maureen, Darst, Burcu F., Conti, David V., Haiman, Christopher A., Spies, Petrus V., van der Merwe, André, Rohan, Thomas E., Jacobson, Judith, Neugut, Alfred I., McBride, Jo, Andrews, Caroline, Petersen, Lindsay N., Rebbeck, Timothy R., and Lachance, Joseph

Published
2022
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38. May Measurement Month 2022: An Analysis of Blood Pressure Screening Findings from Sierra Leone

Author

Jalloh, Mohamed Bella, primary, Williams, Christine E.E., additional, Jegede, Oluwanfunmike G., additional, Malijan, Greco M. B., additional, Naveed, Asad, additional, Kanu, Alieu, additional, Bah, Abdul K., additional, Jalloh, Fatima, additional, Jalloh, Abubakar, additional, Faulkner, Monalisa M.J., additional, Agboola, Kehinde, additional, Baldeh, Mamadu, additional, Russell, James B.W., additional, and Oladapo, Olulola O., additional

Published
2024
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39. Prevalence and viral suppression of hepatitis B virus infection among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Sierra Leone

Author

Song, Jin-Wen, primary, Lakoh, Sulaiman, additional, Chen, Si-Yuan, additional, Jalloh, Mohamed Boie, additional, Sevalie, Stephen, additional, Baldeh, Mamadu, additional, Nyambe, Mohamed K, additional, Nicholas, Victoria Donicia, additional, Yendewa, George, additional, Wang, Fu-Sheng, additional, and Yang, Guang, additional

Published
2024
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45. Invisible and undervalued: A qualitative study of laboratory workers' experiences and perceptions of laboratory strengthening in Sierra Leone

Author

Jalloh, Mohamed B, Vernooij, Eva, Street, Alice, Jalloh, Mohamed B, Vernooij, Eva, and Street, Alice

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The 2013-2016 West Africa Ebola outbreak highlighted the importance of laboratory capacity to outbreak response while also revealing its long-standing neglect. The outbreak prompted massive international investment into strengthening laboratory services across multiple healthcare settings.OBJECTIVE: In this article, we explore hospital-based clinical laboratory workers' experiences and perceptions of their everyday working environment in Sierra Leone, and how recent investments in laboratory strengthening have shaped these.METHODS: This qualitative study draws on in-depth interviews with eight laboratory workers and participant observation of laboratory practices at a tertiary referral hospital in Freetown between April 2019 and December 2019. Interview and observational data were coded and analysed using a reflexive thematic approach.RESULTS: The Ebola outbreak prompted international investments in automated devices, biosafety training, and a new dedicated infectious diseases laboratory. However, little investment was made in the infrastructure and supply systems needed to sustain routine laboratory work or keep machines functioning. Laboratory workers perceived their work to be under-recognised and undervalued by the government, hospital managers and clinical staff, a perception compounded by under-use of the hospital's laboratory services by clinicians.CONCLUSION: Understanding laboratory technicians' views, experiences, and priorities is essential to any sustainable laboratory-strengthening effort. Investments in personnel should match investments in technologies and infrastructure for outbreak response.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: This study contributes to an understanding of how clinical laboratory personnel in Sierra Leone view and experience their work, and introduces the concept of social invisibility to explain these experiences.

Published
2024

46. Engaging religious leaders to promote safe burial practices during the 2014-2016 Ebola virus disease outbreak, Sierra Leone/Implication des autorites religieuses pour la promotion de pratiques funeraires sures durant l'epidemie de maladie a virus Ebola entre 2014 et 2016 en Sierra Leone/Implicacion de los lideres religiosos para promover practicas funerarias seguras durante la epidemia del ebola de 2014 a 2016, Sierra Leona

Author

Lyons, Padraig, Winters, Maike, Zeebari, Zangin, Schmidt-Hellerau, Kirsten, Sengeh, Paul, Jalloh, Mohammad B., Jalloh, Mohamed F., and Nordenstedt, Helena

Subjects
Epidemics -- Sierra Leone, Ebola virus infections -- Surveys -- Analysis -- Religious aspects, Burial -- Surveys -- Analysis -- Religious aspects, Ebola virus -- Surveys -- Analysis -- Religious aspects, Virus diseases -- Analysis -- Religious aspects -- Surveys, Health, World Health Organization -- Surveys -- Religious aspects
Abstract

Objective To quantify the potential impact of engaging religious leaders in promoting safe burial practices during the 2014-2016 Ebola virus disease outbreak in Sierra Leone. Methods We analysed population-based household survey data from 3540 respondents collected around the peak of the outbreak in Sierra Leone, December 2014. Respondents were asked if in the past month they had heard an imam or pastor say that people should not touch or wash a dead body. We used multilevel logistic regression modelling to examine if exposure to religious leaders' messages was associated with protective burial intentions if a family member died at home and other Ebola protective behaviours. Findings Of the respondents, 3148 (89%) had been exposed to faith-based messages from religious leaders on safe Ebola burials and 369 (10%) were unexposed. Exposure to religious leaders' messages was associated with a nearly twofold increase in the intention to accept safe alternatives to traditional burials and the intention to wait [greater than or equal to] 2 days for burial teams (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 1.69; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.23-2.31 and aOR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.38-2.44, respectively). Exposure to messages from religious leaders was also associated with avoidance of traditional burials and of contact with suspected Ebola patients (aOR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.14-1.89 and aOR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.27-2.13, respectively). Conclusion Public health messages promoted by religious leaders may have influenced safe burial behaviours during the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone. Engagement of religious leaders in risk communication should be prioritized during health emergencies in similar settings. Objectif Quantifier l'impact potentiel de l'implication des autorites religieuses dans la promotion de pratiques funeraires sures durant l'epidemie de maladie a virus Ebola entre 2014 et 2016 en Sierra Leone. Methodes Nous avons analyse les reponses fournies par 3540 menages ayant pris part a des enquetes menees au plus fort de l'epidemie en Sierra Leone, en decembre 2014. Il avait ete demande aux participants si, au cours du mois ecoule, ils avaient entendu un imam, un pretre ou un pasteur dire que les gens ne devaient pas toucher ni laver le corps d'un defunt. Nous avons employe un modele de regression logistique multiniveaux pour determiner si l'exposition aux messages des autorites religieuses entrainait l'adoption de pratiques funeraires preventives en cas de deces d'un proche a domicile, et d'autres comportements de protection contre Ebola en general. Resultats Sur l'ensemble des participants, 3148 (89%) avaient ete exposes a des messages de la part de leurs chefs religieux concernant les pratiques funeraires limitant la propagation d'Ebola, tandis que 369 (10%) n'ont recu aucune information a ce sujet. Ceux exposes aux messages des autorites religieuses ont ete presque deux fois plus nombreux a accepter les alternatives aux enterrements traditionnels et a prevoir d'attendre [greater than or equal to] 2 jours avant de faire appel aux equipes d'inhumation (odds ratio ajuste, ORA: 1,69; intervalle de confiance de 95%, IC: 1,23-2,31 et ORA: 1,84; IC de 95%: 1,38-2,44 respectivement). Lexposition aux messages de la part des chefs religieux a egalement permis d'eviter l'organisation de funerailles traditionnelles et le contact avec des patients susceptibles d'avoir contracte la maladie a virus Ebola (ORA: 1,46; IC de 95%: 1,14-1,89 et ORA: 1,65; IC de 95%: 1,27-2,13 respectivement). Conclusion Le soutien des autorites religieuses aux messages de sante publique pourrait avoir eu une influence positive sur les comportements funeraires durant l'epidemie d'Ebola en Sierra Leone. Il faut privilegier l'implication des instances dirigeantes de chaque confession dans la communication des risques lorsque des urgences sanitaires surviennent dans des environnements similaires. Objetivo Cuantificar el impacto potencial de la implicacion de los lideres religiosos en la promocion de practicas funerarias seguras durante la epidemia del ebola de 2014 a 2016 en Sierra Leona. Metodos Analizamos las respuestas de 3.540 hogares que participaron en las encuestas realizadas en el momento algido de la epidemia en Sierra Leona, en diciembre de 2014. Se pregunto a los participantes si, en el ultimo mes, habian oido a un iman, sacerdote o pastor decir que la gente no debia tocar o lavar el cuerpo de un difunto. Se utilizo un modelo de regresion logistica multinivel para determinar si la exposicion a los mensajes de los lideres religiosos conducia a practicas funerarias preventivas en caso de muerte de un familiar en el hogar, y a otros comportamientos de proteccion contra el ebola en general. Resultados De todos los participantes, 3148 (89%) habian recibido mensajes de sus lideres religiosos sobre las practicas funerarias que limitan la propagacion del ebola, mientras que 369 (10%) no habian recibido ninguna informacion sobre el tema. Las personas expuestas a los mensajes de los lideres religiosos tenian casi el doble de probabilidades de aceptar alternativas a los entierros tradicionales y de planear esperar [greater than or equal to] 2 dias antes de llamar a los servicios funerarios (razon de probabilidades ajustada, aOR: 1,69; intervalo de confianza del 95%, CI: 1,23-2,31 y aOR: 1,84; CI del 95%: 1,38-2,44 respectivamente). La exposicion a los mensajes de los lideres religiosos tambien evito los funerales tradicionales y el contacto con pacientes con riesgo de contraer la enfermedad del ebola (aOR: 1,46; IC del 95%: 1,14-1,89 y aOR: 1,65; IC del 95%: 1,27-2,13 respectivamente). Conclusion El apoyo de los lideres religiosos a traves de los mensajes de salud publica puede haber influido positivamente en el comportamiento funerario durante la epidemia del ebola en Sierra Leona. La implicacion de los lideres religiosos en la comunicacion de riesgos deberia ser prioritaria durante las emergencias sanitarias en entornos similares., Introduction The Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa between 2013 and 2016 is the largest in recorded history. (1,2) Sierra Leone was heavily affected by the outbreak with over [...]

Published
2021
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49. Associations Between Mobility, Food Insecurity, and Transactional Sex Among Women in Cohabitating Partnerships: An Analysis From 6 African Countries 2016–2017

Author

Khalifa, Aleya, Findley, Sally, Gummerson, Elizabeth, Mantell, Joanne E., Hakim, Avi J., Philip, Neena M., Ginindza, Choice, Hassani, Ahmed Saadani, Hong, Steven Y., Jalloh, Mohamed F., Kirungi, Wilford L., Maile, Limpho, Mgomella, George S., Miller, Leigh Ann, Minchella, Peter, Mutenda, Nicholus, Njau, Prosper, Schwitters, Amee, Ward, Jennifer, and Low, Andrea

Published
2022
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50. Uncovering the genetic architecture and evolutionary roots of androgenetic alopecia in African men

Author

Janivara, Rohini, primary, Hazra, Ujani, additional, Pfennig, Aaron, additional, Harlemon, Maxine, additional, Kim, Michelle S., additional, Eaaswarkhanth, Muthukrishnan, additional, Chen, Wenlong C., additional, Ogunbiyi, Adebola, additional, Kachambwa, Paidamoyo, additional, Petersen, Lindsay N., additional, Jalloh, Mohamed, additional, Mensah, James E., additional, Adjei, Andrew A., additional, Adusei, Ben, additional, Joffe, Maureen, additional, Gueye, Serigne M., additional, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen I., additional, Fernandez, Pedro W., additional, Rohan, Thomas E., additional, Andrews, Caroline, additional, Rebbeck, Timothy R., additional, Adebiyi, Akindele O., additional, Agalliu, Ilir, additional, and Lachance, Joseph, additional

Published
2024
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