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This study presents a comprehensive carbon footprint analysis of polypropylene production within an Iranian petrochemical facility, employing a broad scope that encompasses all relevant processes across the entire factory, rather than focusing solely on the polypropylene production unit. Utilizing a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach aligned with ISO standards, the research quantifies greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from each production stage, including raw material processing, energy generation, and waste management, to provide a holistic view of environmental impacts. Key findings reveal that energy-intensive units, particularly power generation and steam production, are the primary contributors, accounting for over 90% of total emissions. The study's broadened scope offers a more accurate depiction of the facility's environmental burden and highlights significant areas for emission reductions. By identifying these critical areas, the research not only advances our understanding of polypropylene's environmental profile but also suggests targeted interventions such as the adoption of renewable energy sources and efficiency improvements. This analysis not only sets a benchmark for future environmental assessments within the industry but also serves as a crucial tool for policymakers and industry leaders aiming to implement more sustainable manufacturing practices. The findings underscore the importance of expanding the system boundaries in carbon footprint assessments to include all associated processes for a more accurate and actionable environmental impact evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polypropylene (PP) is a widely used polymer representing over 25% of global polymer demand. However, its production is associated with significant environmental repercussions. This article presents a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) aimed at evaluating the environmental ramifications associated with polypropylene production within a petrochemical complex situated in Iran. The chosen functional unit is one metric ton of PP. Employing the Impact 2002+ methodology within the OpenLCA software, the analysis meticulously computes emissions of various pollutants such as carbon and sulfur oxides, particulates, and others throughout the entire manufacturing process. The findings indicate that PP production is notably energy and fossil resource-intensive, making significant contributions to climate change and human toxicity impacts. The approximated carbon dioxide emissions surpass 12,700 kg CO2 per tonne of PP, accompanied by 86 kg of non-methane volatile organic compounds and 6.58 kg of sulfur dioxide emissions per tonne of PP. Predominantly, the most substantial impacts emanate from the feed and olefin production phases. While acknowledging the potential variability in LCA data and methodologies across diverse contexts, these initial assessments posit that the integration of renewable energy sources and lower-carbon technologies holds promise for mitigating emissions and operational costs within this particular PP production facility. Subsequent research endeavors should seek to validate these projections and rigorously assess the trade-offs associated with proposed enhancements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]