Search

Background: To determine the pooled prevalence of cancer in subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS) who received Natalizumab. Methods: Two researchers systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, google scholar, and gray literature including references of the included studies. The search strategy which was used in PubMed was ("Disseminated Sclerosis" OR "multiple sclerosis" OR "MS" OR "Acute Fulminating") AND ("Cancer" OR "Neoplasia*" OR "Neoplasm*" OR "Tumor*" OR "Malignancy" OR "Benign Neoplasm" OR "Malignant neoplasm") AND ("Tysabri" OR "Antegren" OR "natalizumab" OR "Modifying Therapy"). Results: We found 1,993 articles by literature search, and 1,573 studies remained after removing duplicate studies. For metaanalysis, we used the extracted data of eight studies. The pooled prevalence of cancer in patients who received Natalizumab was 2% (95%CI: 1-3%; I²: 99.4%, P < 0.001). The pooled prevalence of basal cell carcinoma in patients with cancer was 12% (95%CI: 5-20%; I2:50.3%, P = 0.13). Conclusions: The main finding of this systematic review and metaanalysis is that the pooled prevalence of cancer in subjects who suffer from MS and received natalizumab was 2%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The assessment of recharge is one of the most important issues in management and planning of the groundwater resources. In this study, the amount of recharge to the Semnan alluvial aquifer was investigated using methods of water table fluctuations (WTF), chloride mass balance (CMB), water budget and stable isotopes. The parameter is highly important for managing this vital aquifer as overexploitations for drinking, agricultural and industrial uses occurred, resulting in water table decline with an average rate of about 80 cm annually. Based on the results, the values of recharge into the Semnan alluvial aquifer are estimated about 4.4, 2.5 and 2.1 MCM/year by WTF, CMB and water budget methods, respectively. The isotopic data (18O and ²H) do not show any significant effects of evaporation on recharge process, confirming the main role of highland recharge in this arid-land aquifer. Combining results of the recharge studies in saturated zone of Semnan aquifer, yields annual rainfall recharge of about 3 MCM, which is about 5% of the annual precipitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to update the pooled prevalence of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Two researchers independently and systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and google scholar. They also searched for references of the included studies, and conference abstracts that were published up to September 2021. Results: The literature search revealed 5719 articles, after deleting duplicates 3616 remained. Finally, 17 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of IBD in MS was 1% (I² = 96.3%, P < 0.001). The pooled odds ratio of developing IBD in MS cases was 1.36 (95% CI: 1.1-1.6) (I² = 58.3, P = 0.01). Conclusions: The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis show that the pooled prevalence of IBD in MS patients was 1% and the pooled odds ratio of developing IBD in MS cases was 1.36. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the relationship between death and DNR attitudes among ICNs. This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 156 ICNs in 2018. All nurses were enrolled in the study; data collection instruments included Death Attitude Profile-Revised (DAP-R) and the DNR attitude questionnaires. The mean scores of DAP-R and DNR items were 150.89/ ± 23.59 and 91.82 ± 11.41, respectively. There was a significant relationship between death attitude and DNR attitude Famong ICNs. All dimensions of DAP-R significantly predicted attitude toward DNR (P < 0.05). Among those, "neutral acceptance" (1.17 [95% CI (0.68--1.65)] was the strongest predictor and "death avoidance" was the weakest predictor (0.36 [95% CI (0.09--0.62)]. There was a significant relationship between the ICNs' work experience and attitude toward DNR (p = 0.03). The findings can be used in formulation of the national guideline for DNR order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early childhood caries (ECC) is a serious public health concern in the world. Motivational interviewing (MI) has been used to prevent ECC as a scientifically tested method for advising patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of MI on prevention of ECC and identify factors shaping outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted using MI as the intervention and the decay-missing-filled index (dmfs) report as result. Databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library were systematically searched to recognize relevant RCTs evaluating the effects of MI on prevention of ECC from the beginning of 1989 to April 2020. Mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were summarized using a fixed-effect model. Visual inspection of Egger's test was used for potential publication bias in this study. Six studies comprising 2776 contributors showed that MI had a significant effect on preventing ECC. There was no significant publication bias in the meta-analysis. A sensitivity analysis demonstrated that deleting any of the studies could not affect the significance of pooled results. This meta-analysis showed that MI might prevent ECC. MI will be effective at any age, whether it is a baby or a child, and more than the number of interview sessions, the quality of the sessions should be considered. Moreover, follow-up for at least 3 years will be very effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigated on the hydrochemistry and salt-fresh mixing of the groundwater in the aquifers nearby Sirjan salt playa near Sirjan city, Kerman province, Iran. Therefore, 62 groundwater samples were collected from Sirjan salt playa, Kheyrabad plain, Chahderaz plain and Golgohar mining area. Chemical diagrams, ion ratios, statistical method and mixing applied to hydochemical investigation. The water samples were then categorised into four water types; i.e. NaCl, Na-Ca-Cl, Na-SO4 and Ca-HCO3. The presence of salt playa in the area has led to the phenomenon of mixing between saline and freshwater. Saltwater intrusion occurred from 0.01 to 29% in the groundwater and it destroyed the quality of groundwater in the study area. Most percentages of intrusion were seen in Golgohar mine area and which is due to overexploitation of groundwater by dewatering process in the pit, where the saltwater intrudes from hard rock aquifer by upconing phenomena. Results showed that the actual concentrations of Na+ are less than expected concentrations; while for Mg2+ and Ca2+ their actual concentrations have been increased versus expected concentrations and it suggests cation exchange of Na+ by Mg2+ and Ca2+ in the aquifers of the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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