105 results on '"Jahanbakhsh, S."'
Search Results
2. Effects of neutral gas pressure on calibration parameters of resistive bolometer sensors in fusion devices.
- Author
-
Meister, H., Jahanbakhsh, S., Zhang, D., Ingesson, L.C., and Pataki, A.
- Abstract
Ambient pressure may influence the thermal path between the absorber and heat sink of resistive bolometers and thus impact the calibration parameters. This effect is investigated for metal resistive bolometer sensors as used in bolometer diagnostics on fusion experiments. Measurements in the test facility IBOVAC indicate that pressure has no effect up to 10−3 mbar. However, a significant change in the cooling time constant is observed for pressures above 10−2 mbar, a reduction up to a factor of three at 1 mbar. The measurements performed in N2 and He atmospheres and simulations in H2 indicate no difference between the results from different gas species up to 10−3 mbar and less than 10 % up to 0.1 mbar. A model based on the thermal conductivity of the surrounding gas combined with the geometry of the sensor holder successfully demonstrates that the additional cooling path through the gas, which may vary between the measurement and reference absorbers, can explain the measurement results. Applying the model to the geometry of a sensor holder designed for port-mounted bolometer cameras in ITER led to design modifications that should help reduce the impact of high environmental pressures on the bolometer measurements. Similarly, it can be assumed that applying the model to the geometries and sensors of operating bolometer diagnostics can help correct the measurements and improve the understanding of plasma radiation in the case of high pressures at the location of bolometer sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Physiological Response of Fennel (Foeniculumvulgare Mill.) to Drought Stress and Plant Growth Regulators
- Author
-
Parmoon, Gh., Ebadi, A., Jahanbakhsh, S., and Hashemi, M.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Evaluation of omadacycline against intracellular Mycobacterium abscessus in an infection model in human macrophages
- Author
-
Jahanbakhsh, S, primary, Howland, J, additional, Ndayishimiye Uwineza, M O, additional, Thwaites, M T, additional, Pillar, C M, additional, Serio, A W, additional, Anastasiou, D M, additional, and Hufnagel, D A, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Generic approach to assess the measuring performance of total-radiated power quantities by multi-channel resistive bolometer diagnostics on fusion experiments.
- Author
-
Ingesson, L. C., Doblas, A., Gandhi, A., Jahanbakhsh, S., and Meister, H.
- Subjects
BOLOMETERS ,FUSION reactors ,EXPERIMENTAL design - Abstract
On present-day magnetic-confinement fusion experiments, the performance of multi-channel bolometer diagnostics has typically evolved over time through experience with earlier versions of the diagnostic and experimental results obtained. For future large-scale fusion experiments and reactors, it is necessary to be able to predict the performance as a function of design decisions and constraints. A methodology has been developed to predict the accuracy with which the volume-integrated total radiated power can be estimated from the measurements by a resistive bolometer diagnostic, considering, in particular, its line-of-sight geometry, étendues of individual lines of sight, bolometer-sensor characteristics, and the expected noise level that can be obtained with its electronics and signal chain. The methodology depends on a number of assumptions in order to arrive at analytical expressions but does not restrict the final implementation of data-processing of the diagnostic measurements. The methodology allows us to predict the performance in terms of accuracy, total-radiated power level, and frequency or time resolution and to optimize bolometer-sensor characteristics for a set of performance requirements. This is illustrated for the bolometer diagnostic that is being designed for the ITER experiment. The reasonableness, consequences, and limitations of the assumptions are discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Evaluation of antifungal activities of the essential oil and various extracts of Nigella sativa and its main component, thymoquinone against pathogenic dermatophyte strains
- Author
-
Mahmoudvand, H., Sepahvand, A., Jahanbakhsh, S., Ezatpour, B., and Ayatollahi Mousavi, S.A.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Circulating of CMY-2 β-lactamase gene in weaned pigs and their environment in a commercial farm and the effect of feed supplementation with a clay mineral
- Author
-
Jahanbakhsh, S., Letellier, A., and Fairbrother, J. M.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Selection of variables for the purpose of regionalization of Iran's precipitation climate using multivariate methods
- Author
-
Dinpashoh, Y, Fakheri-Fard, A, Moghaddam, M, Jahanbakhsh, S, and Mirnia, M
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. EFFECT OF SALINITY STRESS ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF BURNING BUSH
- Author
-
SHABANI, M., primary, JAHANBAKHSH, S., additional, MEHRJERDI, M.Z., additional, and EBADI, A., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. In vitro lethal effects of various extracts of Nigella sativa seed on hydatid cyst protoscoleces
- Author
-
Hossein Mahmoudvand, Asadi, A., Harandi, M. F., Sharififar, F., Jahanbakhsh, S., and Dezaki, E. S.
- Subjects
Hydatid cyst ,Echinococcus granulosus ,lcsh:R ,parasitic diseases ,lcsh:Medicine ,food and beverages ,Original Article ,Nigella sativa ,Hydatid cyst Echinococcus granulosus Nigella sativa - Abstract
Objective(s): There are several scolicidal agents for inactivation of hydatid cyst protoscolices during surgery, but most of them are associated with adverse side effects such as sclerosing cholangitis and liver necrosis. The present study was aimed to evaluate scolicidal effects of various extracts of Nigella sativa seeds against protoscoleces of hydatid cyst in an in vitro model. Materials and Methods: Protoscoleces were aseptically aspirated from naturally infected livers of sheep and goats. Various concentrations of the different extracts of N. sativa (5 to 50 mg/ml) were used for 5 to 60 min. Viability of protoscoleces was confirmed by 0.1% eosin staining. Results: The findings exhibited that methanolic extract at the concentration of 50 mg/ml after 10 min of incubation, and aqueous extract at the concentration of 50 mg/ml after 30 min of incubation can kill 100% of protoscoleces. In addition, all of experiments revealed dose-dependent and also time-dependent scolicidal effect of various extracts of N. sativa on the protoscoleces of hydatid cyst. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that N. sativa may be a natural source for the production of new scolicidal agent for use in hydatid cyst surgery. However, further studies will be required to evaluate scolicidal effects of N. sativa in the in vivo model.
- Published
- 2014
11. In Vitro Inhibitory Effect of Berberis vulgaris (Berberidaceae) and Its Main Component, Berberine against Different Leishmania Species
- Author
-
Mahmoudv, H., Sharififar, F., Sharifi, I., Behrouz Ezatpour, Fasihi Harandi, M., Makki, M. S., Zia-Ali, N., and Jahanbakhsh, S.
- Subjects
Berberis vulgaris ,Berberine ,In vitro ,Leishmania tropica ,parasitic diseases ,Original Article ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Leishmania infantum ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases - Abstract
Background: Leishmaniasis has been identified as a major public health problem in tropical and sub-tropical countries. The present study was aimed to investigate antileishmanial effects of various extracts of Berberis vulgaris also its active com-poenent, berberine against Leishmania tropica and L. infantum species on in vitro ex-periments. Methods: In this study in vitro antileishmanial activity of various extracts of B. vul-garis also its active compoenent, berberine against promastigote and amastigote stages of L. tropica and L. infantum was evaluated, using MTT assay and in a macro-phage model, respectively. Furthermore, infectivity rate and cytotoxicity effects of B. vulgaris and berberine in murine macrophage cells were investigated. Results: The findings of optical density (OD) and IC50 indicated that B. vulgaris particulary berberine significantly (P
- Published
- 2014
12. Remifentanil-Induced Abdominal Pain: A Randomised Clinical Trial
- Author
-
Jahanbakhsh S, Patricia Khashayar, and Bameshki A
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal pain ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Remifentanil ,Cataract Extraction ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Fentanyl ,Postoperative Complications ,Piperidines ,medicine ,Humans ,Single-Blind Method ,General anaesthesia ,Prospective Studies ,Propofol ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Middle Aged ,Cataract surgery ,Abdominal Pain ,Surgery ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Muscle relaxation ,Elective Surgical Procedures ,Anesthesia ,Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ,Atracurium ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Anesthetics, Intravenous ,Postoperative nausea and vomiting ,Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Remifentanil is an ultra-short-acting opioid, widely used for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in various types of operations. We recently noted that a great number of patients receiving remifentanil in their anaesthetic regimen experienced postoperative abdominal pain. As a result, we performed this study to investigate its incidence. This randomised single-blinded clinical trial was conducted on 300 patients who were undergoing elective cataract surgery under general anaesthesia. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. In the control group (n=150), anaesthesia was induced with fentanyl and propofol and maintained with propofol by infusion and 60% N2O. In the remifentanil group, anaesthesia was induced with remifentanil and propofol and maintained with remifentanil infusion and inhalation of 60% N2O. Atracurium was used for muscle relaxation in both groups. Abdominal pain was observed in 79 patients (52.6%) in the remifentanil group, 10 of whom required a therapeutic intervention, but in only three patients in the control group, none of whom required an intervention (P value = 0.001). Postoperative nausea and vomiting were reported in seven and 10 patients (4.7%) in the remifentanil and control group, respectively. These findings indicate that abdominal pain is very common in patients receiving remifentanil by infusion for cataract surgery.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Dynamics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from diseased pigs in Quebec, Canada
- Author
-
Jahanbakhsh, S., Smith, M.G., Kohan-Ghadr, H-R, Letellier, A., Abraham, S., Trott, D.J., Fairbrother, J.M., Jahanbakhsh, S., Smith, M.G., Kohan-Ghadr, H-R, Letellier, A., Abraham, S., Trott, D.J., and Fairbrother, J.M.
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the evolution with time of ceftiofur-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolates from pigs in Quebec, Canada, between 1997 and 2012 with respect to pathotypes, clones and antimicrobial resistance. Eighty-five ceftiofur-resistant E. coli isolates were obtained from the OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health) Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli. The most prevalent pathovirotypes were enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC): F4 (40%), extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) (16.5%) and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC): F18 (8.2%). Susceptibility testing to 15 antimicrobial agents revealed a high prevalence of resistance to 13 antimicrobials, with all isolates being multidrug-resistant. bla(CMY-2) (96.5%) was the most frequently detected beta-lactamase gene, followed by bla(TEM) (49.4%) and bla(CTX-M) (3.5%). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) applied to 45 representative E. coli isolates revealed that resistance to ceftiofur is spread both horizontally and clonally. In addition, the emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli isolates carrying bla(CTX-M) was observed in 2011 and 2012 in distinct clones. The most predominant plasmid incompatibility (Inc) groups were IncFIB, IncI1, IncA/C and IncFIC. Resistance to gentamicin, kanamycin and chloramphenicol as well as the frequency of bla(TEM) and IncA/C significantly decreased over the study period, whereas the frequency of IncI1 and multidrug resistance to seven antimicrobial categories significantly increased. These findings reveal that extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant porcine E. coli isolates in Quebec belong to several different clones with diverse antimicrobial resistance patterns and plasmids. Furthermore, bla(CMY-2) was the major beta-lactamase gene in these isolates. From 2011, we report the emergence of bla(CTX-M) in distinct clones.
- Published
- 2016
14. Qualitative detection of GB Virus C and Hepatitis C Virus co-infection in cirrhotic patients using a SYBR green multiplex RT-PCR technique.
- Author
-
Shahzamani, K., Jahanbakhsh, S., and Esmaeil Lashgarian, H.
- Published
- 2017
15. Retraction notice to: Long-term assay of off-pump atrial septal defect closure using vena caval inflow occlusion and minimally invasive approaches in 130 cases
- Author
-
Nezafati, M. H., primary, Nezafati, P., additional, Soltani, G., additional, Jahanbakhsh, S., additional, and Hoseinikhah, H., additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. 317: Neurolytic epidural block with 5% phenol for cancer pain
- Author
-
BAMESHKI, A, primary, HASHEMIAN, A, additional, and JAHANBAKHSH, S, additional
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Neurolytic epidural block with 5% phenol for cancer pain
- Author
-
Bameshki, A. R., primary, Hashemian, A. R., additional, and Jahanbakhsh, S., additional
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. 404 NEUROLITIC EPIDURAL BLOCK WITH 5% PHENOL IN CANCER PATIENTS
- Author
-
Bameshki, A.R., primary and Jahanbakhsh, S., additional
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Prophylactic Effect of Ondansetron for Intrathecal Fentanyl-Induced Pruritus.
- Author
-
Jahanbakhsh, S. Saeed, Fathi, Mehdi, and Bazyar, Saha
- Subjects
- *
ONDANSETRON , *SEROTONIN antagonists , *ANTIPSYCHOTIC agents , *FENTANYL , *ITCHING - Abstract
Background: Using opioids along with local analgesic increase anesthesia duration and provide appropriate postoperative analgesia. However, intrathecal injection of opioids is associated with upsetting side effects including pruritus. Ondansetron (5-HT3 receptor agonist) has anti-pruritus effects. Therefore, we conducted a double blind randomized case-control study to evaluate prophylactic effects of ondansetron for preventing intrathecal fentanyl-induced pruritus. Materials and Methods: Two hundred seven patients with ASA status I, II or III, who were candidate for pelvic or lower extremity surgery with spinal anesthesia (SA) using bupivacaine hyperbaric (10-15 mg) and fentanyl (25 µg) were included in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups of case (ondansetron 8 mg IV) and control (4 ml normal saline IV). Patients' hemodynamic indexes and side effects were evaluated at 5, 10, 30, 60 minutes and then hourly up to 6 hours after SA. Pruritus presence, degree, and site were evaluated after two and six hours. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, student t-test, Mann-Whitney U, ², Fisher exact test, and Spearman linear correlation coefficient. Results: The pruritus incidence was 60% in control and 34% in case group. Severe pruritus was observed in 18% of control group and 6% of case group. Ninety four percent of patients with pruritus in control group expressed it in above TR6R dermatomes and 74% of patients with pruritus in case group had pruritus in TR6R-LR1R dermatomes. The incidence of pruritus in LR1R-lower dermatomes was similar in two groups. Headache and nausea after anesthesia were more common in control group (p=0.035). Conclusion: Ondansetron decrease incidence and degree of intrathecal fentanyl-induced pruritus. This reduction was more significant around injection area TR6R-LR1R dermatomes. Ondansetron injection does not influence systolic blood pressure, duration of anesthesia and analgesia, and does not induced urinary retention and back pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
20. Fatal Case of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in a Splenectomized Patient.
- Author
-
Mahmoudvand, H., Farivar, L., Sharifi, I., Harandi, M. Fasihi, Moazed, V., Jahanbakhsh, S., Babaei, Z., and Zia-ali, N.
- Subjects
PLASMODIUM vivax ,MALARIA ,SPLENECTOMY - Abstract
Malaria is a major problem in tropical and sub-tropical countries, with high morbidity and mortality. Splenectomy makes patients more susceptible to serious bacterial and parasitic infections. We report for the first time in Iran a fatal case of Plasmodium vivax malaria, confirmed by microscopic and molecular (Semi-nested multiplex PCR) tests in a patient who had undergone splenectomy due to hemolytic anemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
21. Epidemiological Aspects of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Baft District, Kerman Province, Southeast of Iran.
- Author
-
Mahmoudvand, H., Mohebali, M., Sharifi, I., Keshavarz, H., Hajjaran, H., Akhoundi, B., Jahanbakhsh, S., Zarean, M., and Javadi, A.
- Subjects
VISCERAL leishmaniasis ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,BLOOD testing ,DISEASE prevalence ,LABORATORY dogs - Abstract
Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is an endemic disease in some areas of Iran. A cross- sectional study was conducted for sero-epidemiological survey of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Baft district from Kerman Province, southeast of Iran. Methods: Blood samples were collected from children up to 12 years old and 10% of adult population from Baft villages with a multi-stage randomized cluster sampling. In addition, blood samples were collected from 30 domestic dogs from the same areas. All the collected blood samples were tested by direct agglutination test (DAT) for the detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies in both human and dog using the cut-off value of ⩾1:3200 and ⩾ 1:320, respectively. Parasitological, molecular, and pathological were performed on infected dogs. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to compare sero-prevalence values. Results: From 1476 collected human serum samples, 23 (1.55%) showed anti-Leishmania antibodies at titers of 1:800 and 1:1600 whereas 14 (0.95%) showed anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies at titers of ⩾ 1:3200. No statistically significant difference was found between male (1.18 %) and female (0.69%) sero-prevalence (P=0.330). Children of 5-8 years showed the highest sero-prevalence rate (3.22%). Seven out of 30 domestic dogs (23%) showed anti-Leishmania antibodies at titers ⩾1:320. Leishmania infantum was identified in five infected dogs by nested — PCR assay. Conclusion: It seems that visceral leishmaniasis is being endemic in southern villages of Baft district, southeast of Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
22. Resection of a large carotid artery aneurysm under cervical epidural anaesthesia
- Author
-
Jahanbakhsh, S., Ravari, H., and Khashayar, P.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Fatal case of Plasmodium vivax malaria in a splenectomized patient
- Author
-
Mahmoudvand, H., Farivar, L., Iraj Sharifi, Fasihi Harandi, M., Moazed, V., Jahanbakhsh, S., Babaei, Z., and Zia-Ali, N.
- Subjects
parasitic diseases ,Splenectomy ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Case Report ,Iran ,Plasmodium vivax ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Malaria - Abstract
Malaria is a major problem in tropical and sub-tropical countries, with high morbidity and mortality. Splenectomy makes patients more susceptible to serious bacterial and parasitic infections. We report for the first time in Iran a fatal case of Plasmodium vivax malaria, confirmed by microscopic and molecular (Semi-nested multiplex PCR) tests in a patient who had undergone splenectomy due to hemolytic anemia.
24. Protoscolecidal effect of Berberis vulgaris root extract and its main compound, berberine in cystic echinococcosis
- Author
-
Hossein Mahmoudvand, Saedi Dezaki, E., Sharififar, F., Ezatpour, B., Jahanbakhsh, S., and Fasihi Harandi, M.
- Subjects
Scolicidal ,Medical Sciences ,Echinococcus granulosus ,Hydatid cyst ,parasitic diseases ,European barberry ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases - Abstract
Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE), a zoonotic parasitic infection caused by the metacestode (larvae) stage of dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus and recognized as a major economic and public health concern in the world. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro scolicidal effect of methanolic extract of Berberis vulgaris L. roots and its main compound, berberine against protoscoleces of hydatid cysts. Methods: For this purpose, protoscoleces were aseptically aspirated from sheep livers having hydatid cysts. Various concentrations of the methanolic extract (0.25-2 mg/ml) and berberine (0.062- 0.5 mg/ml) were used for 5 to 30 min. Viability of protoscoleces was confirmed by eosin exclusive test. Results: In the present study, all of the various concentrations of the B. vulgaris methanolic extract (0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/ml) and berberine (0.062, 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/ml) revealed significant (P
25. Epidemiological aspects of Visceral leishmaniasis in Baft district, Kerman Province, Southeast of Iran
- Author
-
Hossein Mahmoudvand, Mohebali, M., Sharifi, I., Keshavarz, H., Hajjaran, H., Akhoundi, B., Jahanbakhsh, S., Zarean, M., and Javadi, A.
- Subjects
Visceral leishmaniasis ,Sero-epidemiology ,parasitic diseases ,Direct agglutination test ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Iran ,Human ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases - Abstract
Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is an endemic disease in some areas of Iran. A cross- sectional study was conducted for sero-epidemiological survey of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Baft district from Kerman Province, southeast of Iran. Methods: Blood samples were collected from children up to 12 years old and 10% of adult population from Baft villages with a multi-stage randomized cluster sampling. In addition, blood samples were collected from 30 domestic dogs from the same areas. All the collected blood samples were tested by direct agglutination test (DAT) for the detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies in both human and dog using the cut-off value of ≥1:3200 and ≥ 1:320, respectively. Parasitological, molecular, and pathological were performed on infected dogs. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to compare sero-prevalence values. Results: From 1476 collected human serum samples, 23 (1.55%) showed anti-Leishmania antibodies at titers of 1:800 and 1:1600 whereas 14 (0.95%) showed anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies at titers of ≤ 1:3200. No statistically significant difference was found between male (1.18 %) and female (0.69%) sero-prevalence (P=0.330). Children of 5-8 years showed the highest sero-prevalence rate (3.22%). Seven out of 30 domestic dogs (23%) showed anti-Leishmania antibodies at titers ≤1:320. Leishmania infantum was identified in five infected dogs by nested - PCR assay. Conclusion: It seems that visceral leishmaniasis is being endemic in southern villages of Baft district, southeast of Iran.
26. In vitro study of leishmanicidal activity of biogenic selenium nanoparticles against Iranian isolate of sensitive and glucantime- resistant Leishmania tropica
- Author
-
Hossein Mahmoudvand, Shakibaie, M., Tavakoli, R., Jahanbakhsh, S., and Sharifi, I.
27. Evaluation of antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of the extracts of Berberis Vulgaris and Nigella sativa against Leishmania tropica
- Author
-
Mahmoudvand, H., Sharififar, F., Rahmat, M. S., Tavakoli, R., Dezaki, E. S., Jahanbakhsh, S., and Iraj Sharifi
- Subjects
Male ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Berberis ,Amastigote ,Berberis vulgaris ,black seed ,European barberry ,Nigella sativa ,promastigote ,Staining and Labeling ,Cell Survival ,Plant Extracts ,Macrophages ,Antiprotozoal Agents ,Tetrazolium Salts ,Survival Analysis ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Inhibitory Concentration 50 ,Thiazoles ,Leishmania tropica ,Animals ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Colorimetry ,Cells, Cultured - Abstract
Background & objectives: Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem, and the alarming spread of parasite resistance underlines the importance of discovering new therapeutic products. The present study aims to investigate the in vitro antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of the ethanolic extract of Berberis vulgaris fruits and chloroform extract of Nigella sativa seeds against Leishmania tropica. Methods: In this study, antileishmanial activity of B. vulgaris and N. sativa extracts on promastigote and amastigote stages of L. tropica in comparison to meglumine antimoniate (MA) was evaluated, using MTT assay and macrophage model, respectively. MTT test was also used to assess the cytotoxicity of extracts on murine macrophages. The significance of differences was determined by analysis of variances (ANOVA) and student’s t-test using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that ethanolic extract of B. vulgaris (IC50 4.83 μg/ml) and chloroform extract of N. sativa (IC50 7.83 μg/ml) significantly reduced the viability of promastigotes of L. tropica in comparison to MA (IC50 11.26 μg/ml). Furthermore, extracts of B. vulgaris (IC50 24.03 μg/ml) and N. sativa (IC50 30.21 μg/ml) significantly decreased the growth rate of amastigotes in each macrophage as compared with positive control (p
28. Assessing Bedtime Procrastination in Iran: Psychometric Properties and Predictive Value for Insomnia.
- Author
-
Rasouli A, Seraji HT, Nejad-Ebrahim Soumee Z, Jahanbakhsh S, Javadi V, and Saed O
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Male, Iran, Adult, Reproducibility of Results, Young Adult, Surveys and Questionnaires standards, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Sleep physiology, Predictive Value of Tests, Severity of Illness Index, Middle Aged, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Psychometrics standards, Procrastination
- Abstract
Objectives: Bedtime procrastination has been identified as an important factor associated with insufficient sleep and health and well-being problems. This study aims to investigate factor structure and psychometric properties of Bedtime procrastination Scale (BPS) in the Persian-speaking community. Additionally, this research aims to examine the role of bedtime procrastination in predicting sleep-related problems., Method: Four hundred and thirty-three participants (average age 23 years, 55.7% female) took part in this study. All participants completed the BPS, the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Tuckman Procrastination Scale (TPS). Confirmatory factor analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used to examine the factor structure and predict sleep-related problems., Results: Confirmatory factor analysis showed that, unlike other language versions, the two-factor model without item 3 was the most suitable structure. This scale demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity. Additionally, the results of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the procrastination factor, especially bedtime procrastination, was the best predictor of insomnia severity., Conclusion: In this study, the Persian version of BPS showed strong validity and reliability. These findings suggest that the Persian BPS can serve as a valuable and comprehensive research tool for assessing bedtime procrastination.
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. The Application of Stress Modifiers as an Eco-Friendly Approach to Alleviate the Water Scarcity in Ajwain ( Carum copticum L.) Plants.
- Author
-
Heydarzadeh S, Tobeh A, Jahanbakhsh S, Farzaneh S, Vitale E, and Arena C
- Abstract
Stress modifiers are recognized as biostimulants providing beneficial effects on various plant species. However, the specific potential of modulators such as melatonin, chitosan, humic acid, and selenium in enhancing the resistance of ajwain ( Carum copticum L.) plants to water scarcity remains an open question. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a randomized, field block-designed factorial experiment over two years (2022-2023) to compare the effectiveness of these biostimulants in mitigating the impact of water shortage on ajwain plants. This study involved three irrigation regimes: 100% field water capacity (FC100%-unstressed), 75% irrigation deficit (FC75%-moderate) and 50% irrigation deficit (FC50%-severe), and four modifier treatments (melatonin, chitosan, humic acid, selenium), plus untreated controls. Plant growth, seed yields, essential oil production, as well as eco-physiological traits were studied to assess the efficacy of these compounds as stress modulators. Water regimes and stress modifier applications, as a single factor or in synergy, significantly affected plant physiology and seed yield, highlighting the importance of sustainability in agricultural practices. Compared to FC100%, biological and seed yield, chlorophyll, and nutrient content decreased under FC75% and FC50%, while essential oil production, proline, soluble sugars, flavonoids, phenols and antioxidant enzymatic activity increased. Notably, regardless of the type of modulator used, the application of these modifiers improved all physiological attributes under moderate and severe irrigation deficits. Among the involved compounds, melatonin induced the most pronounced effects, leading to higher biological and seed yield, essential and fixed oil production, relative leaf water content, chlorophyll and nutrient concentration, and antioxidant activity. Our results demonstrate that such compounds effectively function as stress modulators against water scarcity in ajwain plants by preserving specific eco-physiological traits and promoting water saving. These findings provide valuable insights into their use as a nature-based solution for addressing water stress in sustainable agriculture and climate change challenges.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Calibration and thermal test results of prototype bolometer sensors for ITER fusion reactor.
- Author
-
Jahanbakhsh S, Hare JD, Meister H, Ingesson C, Majewski M, Penzel F, Schmitt S, Walach U, and Dubois M
- Abstract
For over 10 years, several bolometer sensors with different properties have been tested in the IBOVAC facility. The aim has been to develop a bolometer sensor that can be operated in ITER and can withstand harsh operating conditions. For this purpose, important physical properties of the sensors, i.e., cooling time constant τ, normalized heat capacity κ, and normalized sensitivity s
n , have been characterized in a vacuum condition and at various temperatures up to 300 °C. The calibration is achieved by ohmic heating of the sensor absorbers by applying a DC voltage and recording exponential current fall during heating. Recently, a Python program was developed to analyze the data and extract the above mentioned parameters including the uncertainties from recorded currents. In the present series of experiments, the latest prototype sensors developed for ITER are tested and evaluated. These include three different sensor types: two with Au absorbers on ZrO2 membranes (self-supporting substrate sensors) and one with Au absorbers on Si3 N4 membranes supported by a Si frame (supported membrane sensors). Tests revealed that the sensor with ZrO2 substrate can only be operated up to 150 °C, while the supported membrane sensors passed the tests up to 300 °C successfully. These results will be used, together with other upcoming tests, such as irradiation testing, to select the most suitable sensors to be employed in ITER.- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Plant Growth Regulators Improve Grain Production and Water Use Efficiency of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. under Water Stress.
- Author
-
Parmoon G, Ebadi A, Hashemi M, Hawrylak-Nowak B, Baskin C, and Jahanbakhsh S
- Abstract
The development of methods increasing plant water use efficiency (WUE) would enhance the ability to grow wild aromatic and medicinally important species. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) applied by spraying on stress resistance and WUE of fennel subjected to water stress. Plants in the generative stage were more drought tolerant than those in the vegetative stage. Water stress at vegetative stage decreased plant biomass and grain yield by 60% and 61%, respectively. Severe water stress in vegetative stage reduced grain production by 56%, and grains had 43% lower mass than those from non-stressed plants. Application of PGRs at both stages of growth increased grain yield and biomass, but the magnitude of increase depended on the type and application time of PGRs. Plants grown in well-watered conditions and sprayed with methyl jasmonate during the vegetative stage had the highest grain production (2.7 g plant
-1 ), whereas under moderate water stress, plants yielded the best (2.1 g plant-1 ) when sprayed with epibrassinolide. The maximum WUE for grain (0.91 g L-1 ) and essential oil production (20 mg L-1 ) was noted in plants exposed to moderate stress and treated with methyl jasmonate during the vegetative stage.- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. 1,3-Dioxane-Linked Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors: Expanding Structural Diversity and the Antibacterial Spectrum.
- Author
-
Lu Y, Mann CA, Nolan S, Collins JA, Parker E, Papa J, Vibhute S, Jahanbakhsh S, Thwaites M, Hufnagel D, Hazbón MH, Moreno J, Stedman TT, Wittum T, Wozniak DJ, Osheroff N, Yalowich JC, and Mitton-Fry MJ
- Abstract
Antibacterial resistance continues its devastation of available therapies. Novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) offer one solution to this critical issue. Two series of amine NBTIs bearing tricyclic DNA-binding moieties as well as amide NBTIs with a bicyclic DNA-binding moiety were synthesized and evaluated against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Additionally, these compounds and a series of bicyclic amine analogues displayed high activity against susceptible and drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae , expanding the spectrum of these dioxane-linked NBTIs., Competing Interests: The authors declare the following competing financial interest(s): M.J.M.-F. is a shareholder of Pfizer., (© 2022 American Chemical Society.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Cytotoxic and Antileishmanial Effects of Various Extracts of Capparis spinosa L.
- Author
-
Nazer MR, Jahanbakhsh S, Ebrahimi K, Niazi M, Sepahvand M, Khatami M, and Kharazi S
- Abstract
Objectives: Cutaneous leishmania sis (CL) is considered as one of the most critical infections worldwide, in which the protozoa of the genus Leishmania infects a person. Today, the common and selective drugs for the treatment of CL are antimonial compounds present some limitations to their usage. The objective of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic and antileishmanial effects of various extracts of Capparis spinosa L. on the in vitro model., Materials and Methods: The primary phytochemical analysis of the C. spinosa extracts was performed to assess the presence of tannins, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and glycosides. Furthermore, the in vitro cytotoxic and antileishmanial effects of C. spinosa extracts on Leishmania tropica promastigote were evaluated. Additionally, these effects on the J774-A1 macrophage cells by colorimetric cell viability 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay were also assessed., Results: In this study, the findings of primary phytochemical screening of the C. spinosa extracts demonstrated the existence of flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides, and alkaloids in this plant. Importantly, the findings indicated that the aqueous and methanolic extracts of C. spinosa exhibit a high potency to inhibit the growth of L. tropica promastigotes with inhibitory concentration 50 values of aqueous and methanolic extracts being 28.5 and 44.6 μg/mL, respectively. Based on the obtained results, C. spinosa extracts did not display a considerable cytotoxicity on the J774-A1 macrophage cells., Conclusion: The obtained findings exhibited remarkable antileishmanial effects of C. spinosa extracts on L. tropica , thereby indicating the ability of C. spinosa as a herbal product to be developed as a new antileishmanial drug. Nevertheless, supplementary investigations will be obligatory to achieve these findings, especially in human subjects.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Sept8/SEPTIN8 involvement in cellular structure and kidney damage is identified by genetic mapping and a novel human tubule hypoxic model.
- Author
-
Keele GR, Prokop JW, He H, Holl K, Littrell J, Deal AW, Kim Y, Kyle PB, Attipoe E, Johnson AC, Uhl KL, Sirpilla OL, Jahanbakhsh S, Robinson M, Levy S, Valdar W, Garrett MR, and Solberg Woods LC
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Hypoxia, Founder Effect, Haplotypes, Humans, Male, Rats, Kidney pathology, Kidney Tubules pathology, Septins genetics
- Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), which can ultimately progress to kidney failure, is influenced by genetics and the environment. Genes identified in human genome wide association studies (GWAS) explain only a small proportion of the heritable variation and lack functional validation, indicating the need for additional model systems. Outbred heterogeneous stock (HS) rats have been used for genetic fine-mapping of complex traits, but have not previously been used for CKD traits. We performed GWAS for urinary protein excretion (UPE) and CKD related serum biochemistries in 245 male HS rats. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified using a linear mixed effect model that tested for association with imputed genotypes. Candidate genes were identified using bioinformatics tools and targeted RNAseq followed by testing in a novel in vitro model of human tubule, hypoxia-induced damage. We identified two QTL for UPE and five for serum biochemistries. Protein modeling identified a missense variant within Septin 8 (Sept8) as a candidate for UPE. Sept8/SEPTIN8 expression increased in HS rats with elevated UPE and tubulointerstitial injury and in the in vitro hypoxia model. SEPTIN8 is detected within proximal tubule cells in human kidney samples and localizes with acetyl-alpha tubulin in the culture system. After hypoxia, SEPTIN8 staining becomes diffuse and appears to relocalize with actin. These data suggest a role of SEPTIN8 in cellular organization and structure in response to environmental stress. This study demonstrates that integration of a rat genetic model with an environmentally induced tubule damage system identifies Sept8/SEPTIN8 and informs novel aspects of the complex gene by environmental interactions contributing to CKD risk.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius ) Biochemical Properties, Yield, and Oil Content Affected by 24-Epibrassinosteroid and Genotype under Drought Stress.
- Author
-
Zafari M, Ebadi A, Jahanbakhsh S, and Sedghi M
- Subjects
- Carotenoids analysis, Carotenoids metabolism, Carthamus tinctorius chemistry, Carthamus tinctorius genetics, Carthamus tinctorius metabolism, Chlorophyll analogs & derivatives, Chlorophyll analysis, Chlorophyll metabolism, Droughts, Genotype, Malondialdehyde metabolism, Peroxidase genetics, Peroxidase metabolism, Plant Oils analysis, Plant Proteins genetics, Plant Proteins metabolism, Seeds chemistry, Seeds drug effects, Seeds genetics, Seeds metabolism, Superoxide Dismutase genetics, Superoxide Dismutase metabolism, Carthamus tinctorius drug effects, Plant Growth Regulators pharmacology, Plant Oils metabolism, Steroids pharmacology
- Abstract
The steroid hormones, including brassinosteroids, regulate plant growth under stress. It is hypothesized that 24-epibrassinosteroids (24-EBR) can affect safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius ) biochemical properties, crop yield, and oil content under drought stress. The objective of our study was to determine the response of three safflower genotypes (Goldasht, Faraman, and Sina) to exogenous 24-EBR (0 and 10
-7 M) under drought stress, including 85, 65, and 45% of field capacity in 2015. Stress decreased chlorophyll- a , chlorophyll- b , total chlorophyll, carotenoid, relative water content (RWC), seed yield, and oil percentage. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and proline contents increased in response to either drought stress or 24-EBR. Genotypes behaved significantly different under stress. 24-EBR significantly increased plant chlorophyll contents and oil percentage, and it significantly reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content via increasing the proline and carotenoid contents under stress. 24-EBR can increase safflower oil and seed yield under drought stress.- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Prophylactic effects of biogenic selenium nanoparticles on acute toxoplasmosis: An in vivo study.
- Author
-
Shakibaie M, Ezzatkhah F, Gabal E, Badparva E, Jahanbakhsh S, and Mahmoudvand H
- Abstract
Background: In this investigation, the in vivo efficacy and safety of biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are assessed against acute toxoplasmosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii (Sarcocystidae) in the mice., Methods: Male NMRI mice were orally treated with normal saline (control group) and SeNPs at the doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg once a day for 14 days . On the 15th day, the mice were infected with 10
4 tachyzoites of T. gondii RH strain by the intraperitoneal route. The mortality rate and parasite load were determined in the infected mice. The mRNA levels of IFN-γ, IL10, IL12, and inducible nitric oxide synthase were also examined in the infected mice by quantitative real-time PCR., Results: The rate of mortality in the infected mice receiving SeNPs at the doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg compared with the mice in the control group was 100% on the 9 and 10 days after the administration. The mean number of tachyzoites in the infected mice receiving SeNPs was significantly lower than that in the control group. No significant difference ( p > 0.05) was found in the biochemical parameters between the mice treated with SeNPs and the mice in the control group. The results revealed that mRNA levels significantly improved in the infected mice treated with SeNPs compared with those in the control group., Conclusion: Findings of the present investigation showed the considerable efficacy of SeNPs with no important toxicity for curing acute toxoplasmosis in the mice model. However, further studies are needed to clarify the accurate anti-Toxoplasma mechanisms of SeNPs., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© 2020 The Author(s).)- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Impact of Daptomycin Dose Exposure Alone or in Combination with β-Lactams or Rifampin against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in an In Vitro Biofilm Model.
- Author
-
Jahanbakhsh S, Singh NB, Yim J, Kebriaei R, Smith JR, Lev K, Tran TT, Rose WE, Arias CA, and Rybak MJ
- Subjects
- Ampicillin pharmacology, Biofilms drug effects, Biofilms growth & development, Cephalosporins pharmacology, Drug Combinations, Ertapenem pharmacology, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Ceftaroline, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Daptomycin pharmacology, Enterococcus faecium drug effects, Rifampin pharmacology, Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci drug effects, beta-Lactams pharmacology
- Abstract
Enterococcus faecium strains are commonly resistant to vancomycin and β-lactams. In addition, E. faecium often causes biofilm-associated infections and these infections are difficult to treat. In this context, we investigated the activity of dosing regimens using daptomycin (DAP) (8, 10, 12, and 14 mg/kg of body weight/day) alone and in combination with ceftaroline (CPT), ampicillin (AMP), ertapenem (ERT), and rifampin (RIF) against 2 clinical strains of biofilm-producing vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm), namely, strains S447 and HOU503, in an in vitro biofilm model. HOU503 harbors common LiaS and LiaR substitutions, whereas S447 lacks mutations associated with the LiaFSR pathway. MIC results demonstrated that both strains were susceptible to DAP and resistant to CPT, AMP, ERT, and RIF. The 168-h pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) CDC biofilm reactor models (simulating human antibiotic exposures) were used with titanium and polyurethane coupons to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic combinations. DAP 12 and 14 achieved bactericidal activity against S447 but lacked such effect against HOU503. Addition of ERT and RIF enhanced DAP activity, allowing DAP 8 and 10 plus ERT or RIF to produce bactericidal activity against both strains at 168 h. While DAP 8 and 10 plus CPT improved killing, they did not reach bactericidal reduction against S447. Combination of AMP, CPT, ERT, or RIF resulted in enhanced and bactericidal activity for DAP against HOU503 at 168 h. Our data provide further support for the use of combinations of DAP with AMP, ERT, CPT, and RIF in infections caused by biofilm producing VREfm. Further research involving DAP combinations against biofilm-producing enterococci is warranted., (Copyright © 2020 American Society for Microbiology.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. The inhibition of lactoperoxidase catalytic activity through mesna (2-mercaptoethane sodium sulfonate).
- Author
-
Jahanbakhsh S, Dekhne MS, Kohan-Ghadr HR, Bai D, Awonuga A, Morris RT, Yang Z, and Abu-Soud HM
- Subjects
- Kinetics, Enzyme Inhibitors chemistry, Lactoperoxidase antagonists & inhibitors, Mesna chemistry, Protective Agents chemistry
- Abstract
Here, we show that mesna (sodium-2-mercaptoethane sulfonate), primarily used to prevent nephrotoxicity and urinary tract toxicity caused by chemotherapeutic agents such as cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide, modulates the catalytic activity of lactoperoxidase (LPO) by binding tightly to the enzyme, functioning either as a one electron substrate for LPO Compounds I and II, destabilizing Compound III. Lactoperoxidase is a hemoprotein that utilizes hydrogen peroxide (H
2 O2 ) and thiocyanate (SCN- ) to produce hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN), an antimicrobial agent also thought to be associated with carcinogenesis. Our results revealed that mesna binds stably to LPO within the SCN- binding site, dependent of the heme iron moiety, and its combination with LPO-Fe(III) is associated with a disturbance in the water molecule network in the heme cavity. At low concentrations, mesna accelerated the formation and decay of LPO compound II via its ability to serve as a one electron substrate for LPO compounds I and II. At higher concentrations, mesna also accelerated the formation of Compound II but it decays to LPO-Fe(III) directly or through the formation of an intermediate, Compound I*, that displays characteristic spectrum similar to that of LPO Compound I. Mesna inhibits LPO's halogenation activity (IC50 value of 9.08 μM) by switching the reaction from a 2e- to a 1e- pathway, allowing the enzyme to function with significant peroxidase activity (conversion of H2 O2 to H2 O without generation of HOSCN). Collectively, mesna interaction with LPO may serve as a potential mechanism for modulating its steady-state catalysis, impacting the regulation of local inflammatory and infectious events., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Antinociceptive effects of green synthesized copper nanoparticles alone or in combination with morphine.
- Author
-
Mahmoudvand H, Khaksarian M, Ebrahimi K, Shiravand S, Jahanbakhsh S, Niazi M, and Nadri S
- Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of biosynthetic copper nanoparticles from aqueous extract of Capparis spinosa fruit., Methods: In this study, green synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) was performed using C. spinosa extract according to the method described previously. The synthesized CuNPs were characterized using the UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transforms of infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). The antinociceptive effect of CuNPs was evaluated by tail-flick, hot-plate, and rotarod tests following the oral administration of mice with CuNPs at the concentrations of 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg for two weeks., Results: The obtained maximum peak at the wavelength of 414 nm demonstrated the biosynthesis of the copper nanoparticles. SEM approved the particle size of CuNPs between 17 and 41 nm. The statistical analyses of the data of hot plate and tail-flick tests showed the potent analgesic effect of biosynthetic CuNPs. In this regard, the antinociceptive effect of at the doses of 75 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg plus morphine was significantly higher in comparison with the control group receiving morphine alone (P < 0.05). No significant (p > 0.05) difference was observed after the administration of CuNPs at the doses of 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg in the sensory-motor test., Conclusion: The present investigation demonstrated the analgesic effects of CuNPs especially in combination with morphine. These findings can provide a new strategy for producing new antinociceptive medications in the future., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest in this work., (© 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IJS Publishing Group Ltd.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Efficacy and Safety Curcuma zadoaria L. to Inactivate the Hydatid Cyst Protoscoleces.
- Author
-
Mahmoudvand H, Pakravanan M, Kheirandish F, Jahanbakhsh S, Sepahvand M, Niazi M, Rouientan A, and Aflatoonian MR
- Subjects
- Animals, Curcuma toxicity, Echinococcosis parasitology, Echinococcus granulosus, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Lethal Dose 50, Liver parasitology, Male, Mice, Oils, Volatile toxicity, Plant Extracts, Rhizome chemistry, Sheep, Sheep Diseases parasitology, Curcuma chemistry, Echinococcosis drug therapy, Echinococcosis veterinary, Oils, Volatile therapeutic use, Sheep Diseases drug therapy
- Abstract
Background: The present work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of Curcuma zadoaria essential oil and to investigate its efficacy and safety against hydatid cyst protoscoleces., Methods: Collected protoscoleces from liver fertile hydatid cysts of infected sheep were exposed to different concentrations of the essential oil (75, 150, 300 μl/mL) for 5-30 min in vitro and ex vivo. Then, by using the eosin exclusion assay, the viability of protoscoleces was studied. In the next step, 24 male NMRI mice were examined to assess the toxicity of C. zadoaria essential oil by measuring the biochemical and hematological parameters., Results: Based on the obtained results, the LD50 value of intraperitoneal injection of the C. zadoaria essential oil was 1.76 mL/kg of body weight and the maximum non-fatal dose was 0.96 mL/kg of body weight. C. zadoaria essential oil had a strong proto scolicidal activity in vitro so that at the 300 and 150 μl/ml entirely eliminates the parasite after 5 and 10 minutes; whereas, weak proto scolicidal activity was observed at lower doses. Ex vivo assay, no similar effect with in vitro was observed, therefore, more time is required to show a potent proto scolicidal activity. C. zadoaria essential oil at the concentrations of 300 and 150 μl/mL after an exposure time of 7 and 12 min, killed 100% of protoscoleces within the hydatid cyst, respectively. After intraperitoneal injection of the C. zadoaria essential oil for 2 weeks, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the clinical chemistry and hematologic parameters at the doses of 0.15, 0.3, 0.6 mL/kg., Conclusion: The obtained results in vitro and ex vivo exhibited that C. zadoaria essential oil had a favorable proto scolicidal activity on hydatid cyst protoscoleces. However, more supplementary works are required to verify these findings by assessing clinical subjects., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Prophylactic Activity of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles Against Chronic Toxoplasma gondii Infection.
- Author
-
Keyhani A, Shakibaie M, Mahmoudvand H, Jahanbakhsh S, Kareshk AT, Shojaee S, and Ziaali N
- Subjects
- Animals, Brain drug effects, Brain parasitology, Chronic Disease, Cytokines genetics, Disease Models, Animal, Male, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Nanoparticles administration & dosage, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Selenium chemistry, Toxoplasmosis parasitology, Nanoparticles chemistry, Selenium pharmacology, Toxoplasmosis prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: Studies showed that biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have a number of pharmacological properties, such as antimicrobial ones., Objective: The present investigation assesses the efficacy of biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) as a new patent against latent toxoplasmosis in a mice model., Methods: Male BALB/c mice were orally treated with SeNPs at the doses of 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg once a day for 14 days. On the 15th day, the mice were infected with the intraperitoneal inoculation of 20-25 tissue cysts from the Tehran strain of Toxoplasma gondii. The mean numbers of brain tissue cysts and the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-12, IL-10, IFN-γ, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in mice of each tested group were measured. Moreover, serum clinical chemistry factors in treated mice were examined to determine the safety of SeNPs., Results: The mean number of the brain tissue cysts was significantly (P<0.001) decreased in mice treated with SeNPs at doses 2.5 (n=37), 5 (n=11), and 10 mg/kg (n=3) based on a dose dependent manner compared with the control group (n=587). The mRNA levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-12, and iNO were significantly increased in mice treated with SeNPs at the doses 10 mg/kg compared with control subgroups (p<0.05). No significant variation (p>0.05) was observed in the clinical chemistry parameters among the mice in the control subgroups compared with groups treated with SeNPs., Conclusion: The results of the present study showed a new patent in the treatment of toxoplasmosis; so that taking the biogenic selenium nanoparticles in concentrations of 2.5-10 mg/kg for 2 weeks was able to prevent severe symptoms of the toxoplasmosis in a mice model. This indicated the prophylactic effects of SeNPs with no considerable toxicity against latent toxoplasmosis. However, more studies are required to elucidate the correct anti-Toxoplasma mechanisms of SeNPs., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Breakdown of multiple sclerosis genetics to identify an integrated disease network and potential variant mechanisms.
- Author
-
Shepard CJ, Cline SG, Hinds D, Jahanbakhsh S, and Prokop JW
- Subjects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Metabolic Networks and Pathways genetics, Multiple Sclerosis metabolism, Mutation, Missense, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Transcriptome, Computational Biology methods, Gene Regulatory Networks, Linkage Disequilibrium, Multiple Sclerosis genetics
- Abstract
Genetics of multiple sclerosis (MS) are highly polygenic with few insights into mechanistic associations with pathology. In this study, we assessed MS genetics through linkage disequilibrium and missense variant interpretation to yield a MS gene network. This network of 96 genes was taken through pathway analysis, tissue expression profiles, single cell expression segregation, expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), genome annotations, transcription factor (TF) binding profiles, structural genome looping, and overlap with additional associated genetic traits. This work revealed immune system dysfunction, nerve cell myelination, energetic control, transcriptional regulation, and variants that overlap multiple autoimmune disorders. Tissue-specific expression and eQTLs of MS genes implicate multiple immune cell types including macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells, while the genes in neural cell types enrich for oligodendrocyte and myelin sheath biology. There are eQTLs in linkage with lead MS variants in 25 genes including the multitissue eQTL, rs9271640, for HLA-DRB1 / DRB5 . Using multiple functional genomic databases, we identified noncoding variants that disrupt TF binding for GABPA, CTCF, EGR1, YY1, SPI1, CLOCK, ARNTL, BACH1, and GFI1. Overall, this paper suggests multiple genetic mechanisms for MS associated variants while highlighting the importance of a systems biology and network approach when elucidating intersections of the immune and nervous system.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. In vitro and ex vivo scolicidal effects of Olea europaea L. to inactivate the protoscolecs during hydatid cyst surgery.
- Author
-
Niazi M, Saki M, Sepahvand M, Jahanbakhsh S, Khatami M, and Beyranvand M
- Abstract
Background: Nowadays, surgery is considered as one of the most important treatments for hydatidosis. Due to laceration, the cyst and spread of the content within it (protoscoleces) during the surgery that can put the patient at the risk of re-infection, anaphylaxis shock and even death, surgeons use some chemical drugs as protoscolicidal agents. The study is aimed to evaluate the scolicidal effects of olive ( Olea europaea L.) leaf extract on hydatid cyst protoscoleces in vitro and ex vivo ., Methods: After the collection of protoscoleces from sheep livers infected with fertile hydatid cysts, they were treated with various concentrations of olive leave extract (75-300 mg/mL) for 5-30 min in vitro and ex vivo . Finally, the mortality of protoscoleces was assessed by the eosin exclusion test (0.1% eosin staining)., Results: The mean of the mortality of protoscoleces was 100% after 10 min of incubation with the concentration of 300 mg/ml of O. europaea leaves extract. On the other hand, the mean of the mortality of protoscoleces after 20 min of incubation with the concentration of 150 mg/ml of O. europaea leaves extract was 100%. After injection of O. europaea leaves extract directly into the hydatid cyst ( ex vivo ), the mean of the mortality of protoscoleces was 100% after 12 and 25 min of incubation with the concentration of 300 and 150 mg/ml of O. europaea leaves extract, respectively; indicating that the extract requiring a further time to display a potent protoscolicidal effects., Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that the extract of olive leaf had a significant scolicidal activity on hydatid cyst protoscoleces. However, further research, especially in human and animal subjects, are required to reach this conclusion.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Evaluation of dalbavancin alone and in combination with β-lactam antibiotics against resistant phenotypes of Staphylococcus aureus.
- Author
-
Xhemali X, Smith JR, Kebriaei R, Rice SA, Stamper KC, Compton M, Singh NB, Jahanbakhsh S, and Rybak MJ
- Subjects
- Drug Interactions, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Phenotype, Teicoplanin pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial drug effects, Staphylococcus aureus drug effects, Teicoplanin analogs & derivatives, beta-Lactams pharmacology
- Abstract
Background: Emergence of reduced susceptibility to vancomycin warrants the development of new antimicrobial agents for the treatment of MRSA. We evaluated the activity of dalbavancin, a novel lipoglycopeptide antibiotic, both alone and combined with β-lactams, in combination MIC testing and time-kill assays against resistant phenotypes of Staphylococcus aureus., Methods: S. aureus isolates included 50 organisms with varying susceptibility patterns. Dalbavancin was tested alone and in combination with five β-lactams: cefazolin, cefepime, ceftaroline, ertapenem and oxacillin. MIC values of the antibiotics were determined for all isolates. After initial MIC testing, dalbavancin MICs were determined in the presence of 0.5 × MIC of each β-lactam to determine the effect of each β-lactam on dalbavancin MIC. Time-kill assays were performed with dalbavancin and β-lactams tested at 0.5 × MIC for randomly selected organisms representing each MRSA phenotype. Time-kill curves were generated by plotting mean colony counts (log10 cfu/mL) versus time., Results: Dalbavancin MIC50 was 0.0313 mg/L and MIC90 was 0.0625 mg/L. Dalbavancin MICs decreased by zero to greater than five 2-fold dilutions in combination with each β-lactam. In time-kill assays, dalbavancin was synergistic with cefazolin, cefepime and ertapenem against all strains and the combination of dalbavancin and ceftaroline was synergistic against all but one. The combination of dalbavancin and oxacillin was synergistic against 5/8 strains., Conclusions: Dalbavancin was active against all MRSA strains tested, including heteroresistant vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus, vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus, daptomycin-non-susceptible and linezolid-resistant isolates. The synergy demonstrated against these organisms supports the use of dalbavancin in combination with β-lactams against resistant phenotypes of S. aureus. Further evaluation is warranted.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. A Chemical Biology Approach to Model Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia Type 1B (PCH1B).
- Author
-
François-Moutal L, Jahanbakhsh S, Nelson ADL, Ray D, Scott DD, Hennefarth MR, Moutal A, Perez-Miller S, Ambrose AJ, Al-Shamari A, Coursodon P, Meechoovet B, Reiman R, Lyons E, Beilstein M, Chapman E, Morris QD, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Hughes TR, Khanna R, Koehler C, Jen J, Gokhale V, and Khanna M
- Subjects
- Animals, Atrophy, Cerebellum pathology, Down-Regulation, Exosome Multienzyme Ribonuclease Complex chemistry, Exosome Multienzyme Ribonuclease Complex genetics, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Humans, Isoquinolines metabolism, Molecular Docking Simulation, Mutation, Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies chemically induced, Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies pathology, Phenotype, Protein Binding, Protein Domains, RNA-Binding Proteins chemistry, RNA-Binding Proteins genetics, Spinal Curvatures chemically induced, Transcriptome drug effects, Up-Regulation, Disease Models, Animal, Exosome Multienzyme Ribonuclease Complex metabolism, Isoquinolines pharmacology, Isoquinolines toxicity, Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies genetics, RNA metabolism, RNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Zebrafish abnormalities
- Abstract
Mutations of EXOSC3 have been linked to the rare neurological disorder known as Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia type 1B (PCH1B). EXOSC3 is one of three putative RNA-binding structural cap proteins that guide RNA into the RNA exosome, the cellular machinery that degrades RNA. Using RNAcompete, we identified a G-rich RNA motif binding to EXOSC3. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and microscale thermophoresis (MST) indicated an affinity in the low micromolar range of EXOSC3 for long and short G-rich RNA sequences. Although several PCH1B-causing mutations in EXOSC3 did not engage a specific RNA motif as shown by RNAcompete, they exhibited lower binding affinity to G-rich RNA as demonstrated by MST. To test the hypothesis that modification of the RNA-protein interface in EXOSC3 mutants may be phenocopied by small molecules, we performed an in-silico screen of 50 000 small molecules and used enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays (ELISAs) and MST to assess the ability of the molecules to inhibit RNA-binding by EXOSC3. We identified a small molecule, EXOSC3-RNA disrupting (ERD) compound 3 (ERD03), which ( i) bound specifically to EXOSC3 in saturation transfer difference nuclear magnetic resonance (STD-NMR), ( ii) disrupted the EXOSC3-RNA interaction in a concentration-dependent manner, and ( iii) produced a PCH1B-like phenotype with a 50% reduction in the cerebellum and an abnormally curved spine in zebrafish embryos. This compound also induced modification of zebrafish RNA expression levels similar to that observed with a morpholino against EXOSC3. To our knowledge, this is the first example of a small molecule obtained by rational design that models the abnormal developmental effects of a neurodegenerative disease in a whole organism.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Impact of cefazolin co-administration with vancomycin to reduce development of vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.
- Author
-
Singh NB, Yim J, Jahanbakhsh S, Sakoulas G, and Rybak MJ
- Subjects
- Drug Synergism, Humans, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus drug effects, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Models, Biological, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Cefazolin pharmacology, Staphylococcus aureus drug effects, Vancomycin pharmacology, Vancomycin Resistance drug effects
- Abstract
Objective: Development of antimicrobial resistance during monotherapy of complicated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is problematic due to cross-resistance between vancomycin (VAN) and daptomycin, the only approved agents for this condition. Our objective was to demonstrate that development of resistance under conditions of suboptimal VAN (200 mg q 12 h) exposure in S. aureus can be attenuated by addition of cefazolin (CFZ)., Methods: Two strains of S. aureus, 1 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (RN9120) and 1 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (JH1), were evaluated. The organisms were exposed to subtherapeutic VAN concentrations in a 1-compartment pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model combined with recycling in the presence and absence of CFZ. Changes in MIC to glyco/lipopeptides and β-lactams along with susceptibility to human cathelicidin LL-37 killing were studied. Population analysis profiles (PAPs) were performed to detect changes in VAN heteroresistance., Results: VAN MIC of both organisms increased from 1 to 4 mg/L within 144 h under subtherapeutic VAN exposure. Increase in VAN MIC was associated with increased glyco/lipopeptides MICs. Additionally, increased survival in LL-37 killing assays from 40% to >90% accompanied the increase in VAN MIC. Addition of CFZ prevented the emergence of VAN-intermediate S. aureus. PAPs demonstrated an attenuation of VAN area under the curve shift (reduced organism selection with higher MICs values) when suboptimal VAN exposure was accompanied with CFZ compared to VAN alone (MSSA 17.81 versus 36.027, MRSA -0.35 versus 17.92, respectively). Given the emerging data on the clinical benefits of β-lactam adjunctive therapy in refractory MRSA bacteremia, additional studies on a larger collection of clinical isolates are needed to establish the utility of VAN plus CFZ for treatment of MRSA bacteremia., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Evaluation of Telavancin Alone and Combined with Ceftaroline or Rifampin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an In Vitro Biofilm Model.
- Author
-
Jahanbakhsh S, Singh NB, Yim J, Rose WE, and Rybak MJ
- Subjects
- Biofilms drug effects, Ceftaroline, Aminoglycosides pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Cephalosporins pharmacology, Lipoglycopeptides pharmacology, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus drug effects, Rifampin pharmacology
- Abstract
Infections caused by biofilm-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria are challenging due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Synergistic activities of lipopeptides and lipoglycopeptides with β-lactams have been demonstrated for MRSA, but little is known about biofilm-embedded organisms. Our objective was to evaluate two telavancin (TLV) dosage regimens (7.5 mg/kg of body weight and 10 mg/kg every 24 h [q24h]) alone and in combination with ceftaroline (CPT) (600 mg every 8 h [q8h]) or rifampin (RIF) (450 mg every 12 h [q12h]) against two biofilm-producing MRSA strains (494 and N315). Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic CDC biofilm reactor models with polyurethane coupons were used to evaluate the efficacies of the antibiotic combinations over 72 h. Overall, there were no significant differences observed between the two TLV dosing regimens either alone or in combination with RIF or CPT against these strains. Both TLV dosing regimens and CPT alone demonstrated killing but did not reach bactericidal reduction at 72 h. However, both TLV regimens in combination with RIF demonstrated enhanced activity against both strains, with a rapid decrease in CFU/ml at 4 h that was bactericidal and maintained over the 72-h experiment (-Δ3.75 log
10 CFU/ml from baseline; P < 0.0001). Of interest, no enhanced activity was observed for TLV combined with CPT. No development of resistance was observed in any of the combination models. However, resistance to RIF developed as early as 24 h, with MIC values exceeding 32 mg/liter. Our results show that TLV plus RIF displayed therapeutic improvement against biofilm-producing MRSA. These results suggest that TLV at 7.5 and 10 mg/kg q24h are equally effective in eradicating biofilm-associated MRSA strains in vitro ., (Copyright © 2018 American Society for Microbiology.)- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Effects of dexmedetomidine on heart arrhythmia prevention in off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: A randomized clinical trial.
- Author
-
Soltani G, Jahanbakhsh S, Tashnizi MA, Fathi M, Amini S, Zirak N, and Sheybani S
- Abstract
Background: Arrhythmia occurring during and after surgery is one of the major complications in open-heart surgery. Dexmedetomidine is an intravenous alpha-2 agonist and very specific short-acting drug to protect the various organs against ischemic injuries and blood reflow. However, the effect of dexmedetomidine for preventing intraoperative heart arrhythmias has not been recognized., Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of dexmedetomidine on the incidence rate of heart arrhythmias and anesthetic required in off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery., Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on patients who were candidates for off-pump coronary artery bypass referring to Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad, Iran, from July 2016 through January 2017. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups of intervention (infusion of 0.5 mcg/kg/h dexmedetomidine together with induction followed by infusion of 0.5 mcg/kg/h by the end of the surgery) or control (saline infusion). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were measured before induction, during surgery operation and ICU admission. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 18 using Chi Square and independent-samples t-test., Results: A total of 76 patients with a mean age of 59.8 ± 8.2 years (in two groups of 38) were studied. The two groups had no statistically significant difference in terms of background variables. The MAP and HR values before induction, during surgery and ICU admission were significantly higher in the control group than in the intervention group (p=0.001). Out of the studied arrhythmias, the values of PAC (55.2% vs. 15.7%), PVC (81.5% vs. 21.0%), AF (26.3% vs. 7.8%), VTAC (21.0% vs. 2.6%) were significantly lower in dexmedetomidine group (p=0.001)., Conclusion: It seems that dexmedetomidine administration during induction and surgery can cause significant reduction in most of the common arrhythmias in off-pump coronary bypass surgery. The use of dexmedetomidine maintains MAP and HR at significantly lower values, and changes compared to the control group as well as reduces the need for anesthetic compounds., Trial Registration: The present study has been registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (www.IRCT.IR) with a code of IRCT2016072413159N9 before starting the study., Founding: This study was fully sponsored by the Research Deputy at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran (grant number 941413)., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: There is no conflict of interest to be declared.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Mesna (2-mercaptoethane sodium sulfonate) functions as a regulator of myeloperoxidase.
- Author
-
Jeelani R, Jahanbakhsh S, Kohan-Ghadr HR, Thakur M, Khan S, Aldhaheri SR, Yang Z, Andreana P, Morris R, and Abu-Soud HM
- Subjects
- Chlorides chemistry, Enzyme Assays, Humans, Kinetics, Leukocytes chemistry, Leukocytes enzymology, Models, Chemical, Peroxidase chemistry, Peroxidase isolation & purification, Solutions, Taurine analogs & derivatives, Taurine chemistry, Enzyme Inhibitors chemistry, Mesna chemistry, Peroxidase antagonists & inhibitors
- Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO), an abundant protein in neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages, is thought to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of various disorders ranging from cardiovascular diseases to cancer. We show that mesna (2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt), a detoxifying agent, which inhibits side effects of oxazaphosphorine chemotherapy, functions as a potent inhibitor of MPO; modulating its catalytic activity and function. Using rapid kinetic methods, we examined the interactions of mesna with MPO compounds I and II and ferric forms in the presence and absence of chloride (Cl
- ), the preferred substrate of MPO. Our results suggest that low mesna concentrations dramatically influenced the build-up, duration, and decay of steady-state levels of Compound I and Compound II, which is the rate-limiting intermediate in the classic peroxidase cycle. Whereas, higher mesna concentrations facilitate the porphyrin-to-adjacent amino acid electron transfer allowing the formation of an unstable transient intermediate, Compound I*, that displays a characteristic spectrum similar to Compound I. In the absence of plasma level of chloride, mesna not only accelerated the formation and decay of Compound II but also reduced its stability in a dose depend manner. Mesna competes with Cl- , inhibiting MPO's chlorinating activity with an IC50 of 5µM, and switches the reaction from a 2e- to a 1e- pathway allowing the enzyme to function only with catalase-like activity. A kinetic model which shows the dual regulation through which mesna interacts with MPO and regulates its downstream inflammatory pathways is presented further validating the repurposing of mesna as an anti-inflammatory drug., (Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.)- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Zataria multiflora Bioss: lethal effects of methanolic extract against protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus .
- Author
-
Jahanbakhsh S, Azadpour M, Tavakoli Kareshk A, Keyhani A, and Mahmoudvand H
- Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the lethal effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss (Lamiaceae) methanolic extract against Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces. Protoscoleces were aseptically aspirated from sheep livers having hydatid cysts. Various concentrations of the essential oil (2.5-20 mg/mL) were used for 10-60 min. Viability of protoscoleces was confirmed using eosin exclusion test (0.1 % eosin staining). Obtained results showed that Z. multiflora extract at the concentration of 20 mg/mL after 10 min of exposure killed 100 % protoscoleces. The mean of mortality rate of protoscoleces after 20 min of exposure to the concentration of 10 mg/mL was also 100 %. Lower concentrations of Z. multiflora extract provoked a delayed protoscolicidal activity. The findings indicated potential of Z. multiflora methanolic extract as a natural source for the producing of new scolicidal agent for use in hydatid cyst surgery.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.