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In [Arch. Math. 7, 28 (1956), Utilitas Math. 15, 51 (1979)] Carlitz introduced the degenerate Bernoulli numbers and polynomials by replacing the exponential factors in the corresponding classical generating functions with their deformed analogs: $\exp(t) \rightarrow (1+\lambda t)^{1/\lambda}$, and $\exp(tx) \rightarrow (1+\lambda t)^{x/\lambda}$. The deformed exponentials reduce to their ordinary counterparts in the $\lambda \rightarrow 0$ limit. In the present work we study the extension of the Bernoulli polynomials obtained via an alternate deformation $\exp(tx) \rightarrow (1+\lambda tx)^{1/\lambda}$ that is inspired by the concepts of $q$-exponential function and $q$-logarithm used in the nonextensive Tsallis statistics.

A (p,q)-analogue of the classical Rogers-Szego polynomial is defined by replacing the q-binomial coefficient in it by the (p,q)-binomial coefficient. Exactly like the Rogers-Szego polynomial is associated with the q-oscillator algebra it is found that the (p,q)-Rogers-Szego polynomial is associated with the (p,q)-oscillator algebra., Comment: 13 pages; Dedicated to the memory of Prof. Alladi Ramakrishnan; To appear in: "The Legacy of Alladi Ramakrishnan in the Mathematical Sciences'' (K. Alladi, J. Klauder, C. R. Rao, Editors) Springer, 2010

Generalized Clifford algebras (GCAs) and their physical applications were extensively studied for about a decade from 1967 by Alladi Ramakrishnan and his collaborators under the name of L-matrix theory. Some aspects of GCAs and their physical applications are outlined here. The topics dealt with include: GCAs and projective representations of finite abelian groups, Alladi Ramakrishnan's sigma operation approach to the representation theory of Clifford algebra and GCAs, Dirac's positive energy relativistic wave equation, Weyl-Schwinger unitary basis for matrix algebra and Alladi Ramakrishnan's matrix decomposition theorem, finite-dimensional Wigner function, finite-dimensional canonical transformations, magnetic Bloch functions, finite-dimensional quantum mechanics, and the relation between GCAs and quantum groups., Comment: 30 pages; Dedicated to the memory of Prof. Alladi Ramakrishnan; To appear in "The Legacy of Alladi Ramakrishnan in the Mathematical Sciences" (K. Alladi, J. Klauder, C. R. Rao, Editors) Springer, 2010

In the last two decades, a number of methods have been proposed for forecasting based on fuzzy time series. Most of the fuzzy time series methods are presented for forecasting of car road accidents. However, the forecasting accuracy rates of the existing methods are not good enough. In this paper, we compared our proposed new method of fuzzy time series forecasting with existing methods. Our method is based on means based partitioning of the historical data of car road accidents. The proposed method belongs to the kth order and time-variant methods. The proposed method can get the best forecasting accuracy rate for forecasting the car road accidents than the existing methods., Comment: IEEE Publication format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS, Vol. 8 No. 1, April 2010, USA. ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/

Using a realization of the q-exponential function as an infinite multiplicative sereis of the ordinary exponential functions we obtain new nonlinear connection formulae of the q-orthogonal polynomials such as q-Hermite, q-Laguerre and q-Gegenbauer polynomials in terms of their respective classical analogs., Comment: 14 pages

We give a method to embed the q-series in a (p,q)-series and derive the corresponding (p,q)-extensions of the known q-identities. The (p,q)-hypergeometric series, or twin-basic hypergeometric series (diferent from the usual bibasic hypergeometric series), is based on the concept of twin-basic number [n]_{p,q} = (p^n - q^n)/(p-q). This twin-basic number occurs in the theory of two-parameter quantum algebras and has been introduced independently in combinatorics. The (p,q)-identities thus derived, with doubling of the number of parameters, offer more choices for manipulations; for example, results that can be obtained via the limiting process of confluence in the usual q-series framework can be obtained by simpler substitutions. The q-results are of course special cases of the (p,q)-results corresponding to choosing p = 1. This also provides a new look for the q-identities., Comment: 16 pages, To appear in the Proceedings of the International Conference on Number Theory and Mathematical Physics, 20-21 December 2005, Srinivasa Ramanujan Centre, Kumbakonam, India

Katriel, Rasetti and Solomon introduced a $q$-analogue of the Zassenhaus formula written as $e_q^{(A+B)}$ $=$ $e_q^Ae_q^Be_q^{c_2}e_q^{c_3}e_q^{c_4}e_q^{c_5}...$, where $A$ and $B$ are two generally noncommuting operators and $e_q^z$ is the Jackson $q$-exponential, and derived the expressions for $c_2$, $c_3$ and $c_4$. It is shown that one can also write $e_q^{(A+B)}$ $=$ $e_q^Ae_q^Be_{q^2}^{\C_2}e_{q^3}^{\C_3}e_{q^4}^{\C_4}e_{q^5}^{\C_5}...$. Explicit expressions for $\C_2$, $\C_3$ and $\C_4$ are given., Comment: 12 Pages. New references have been added. Title and Abstract have been modified in view of an earlier work of Katriel, Rasetti and Solomon on a different form of the q-Zassenhaus formula. The text is modified only slightly since the result of the paper is unchanged

A three-dimensional polynomial algebra of order $m$ is defined by the commutation relations $[P_0, P_\pm]$ $=$ $\pm P_\pm$, $[P_+, P_-]$ $=$ $\phi^{(m)}(P_0)$ where $\phi^{(m)}(P_0)$ is an $m$-th order polynomial in $P_0$ with the coefficients being constants or central elements of the algebra. It is shown that two given mutually commuting polynomial algebras of orders $l$ and $m$ can be combined to give two distinct $(l+m+1)$-th order polynomial algebras. This procedure follows from a generalization of the well known Jordan-Schwinger method of construction of $su(2)$ and $su(1,1)$ algebras from two mutually commuting boson algebras., Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX2e

Four classes of three dimensional quadratic algebras of the type $\lsb Q_0 , Q_\pm \rsb$ $=$ $\pm Q_\pm$, $\lsb Q_+ , Q_- \rsb$ $=$ $aQ_0^2 + bQ_0 + c$, where $(a,b,c)$ are constants or central elements of the algebra, are constructed using a generalization of the well known two-mode bosonic realizations of $su(2)$ and $su(1,1)$. The resulting matrix representations and single variable differential operator realizations are obtained. Some remarks on the mathematical and physical relevance of such algebras are given., Comment: LaTeX2e, 23 pages, to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Gen

Quadratic algebras of the type $\lsb Q_0, Q_\pm \rsb$ $=$ $\pm Q_\pm$, $\lsb Q_+, Q_- \rsb$ $=$ $aQ_0^2 + bQ_0 + c$ are studied using three-mode bosonic realizations. Matrix representations and single variable differential operator realizations are obtained. Examples of physical relevance of such algebras are given., Comment: 17 pages, Latex, Submitted to Journal of Mathematical Physics

We present a general unified approach for finding the coherent states of polynomially deformed algebras such as the quadratic and Higgs algebras, which are relevant for various multiphoton processes in quantum optics. We give a general procedure to map these deformed algebras to appropriate Lie algebras. This is used, for the non compact cases, to obtain the annihilation operator coherent states, by finding the canonical conjugates of these operators. Generalized coherent states, in the Perelomov sense also follow from this construction. This allows us to explicitly construct coherent states associated with various quantum optical systems., Comment: 14 pages, Latex. This is a thoroughly revised version of our earlier paper quant-ph/9905010, which is much more comprehensive. This version is accepted for publication in Journal of Optics B-Quantum and Semiclassical Optics 2 (2000),Special Issue

We present a general unified approach for finding the coherent states of polynomially deformed algebras such as the quadratic and Higgs algebras, which are relevant for various multiphoton processes in quantum optics. We give a general procedure to map these deformed algebras to appropriate Lie algebras. This is used, for the non compact cases, to obtain the annihilation operator coherent states, by finding the canonical conjugates of these operators. Generalized coherent states, in the Perelomov sense also follow from this construction. This allows us to explicitly construct coherent states associated with various quantum optical systems., Comment: 10 pages, Latex

Positive discrete series representations of the Lie algebra $su(1,1)$ and the quantum algebra $U_q(su(1,1))$ are considered. The diagonalization of a self-adjoint operator (the Hamiltonian) in these representations and in tensor products of such representations is determined, and the generalized eigenvectors are constructed in terms of orthogonal polynomials. Using simple realizations of $su(1,1)$, $U_q(su(1,1))$, and their representations, these generalized eigenvectors are shown to coincide with generating functions for orthogonal polynomials. The relations valid in the tensor product representations then give rise to new generating functions for orthogonal polynomials, or to Poisson kernels. In particular, a group theoretical derivation of the Poisson kernel for Meixner-Pollaczak and Al-Salam--Chihara polynomials is obtained., Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX2e, to appear in J. Math. Phys

The traditional approach to accelerator optics, based mainly on classical mechanics, is working excellently from the practical point of view. However, from the point of view of curiosity, as well as with a view to explore quantitatively the consequences of possible small quantum corrections to the classical theory, a quantum mechanical formalism of accelerator optics for the Dirac particle is being developed recently. Here, the essential features of such a quantum beam optical formalism for any spin-$\half$ particle are reviewed. It seems that the quantum corrections, particularly those due to the Heisenberg uncertainty, could be important in understanding the nonlinear dynamics of accelerator beams., Comment: 12 pages, LaTeX(twice)

It is suggested that the (p,q)-hypergeometric series studied by Burban and Klimyk (in Integral Transforms and Special Functions, 2 (1994) 15 - 36) can be considered as a special case of a more general (P,Q)-hypergeometric series., Comment: 7 pages, LaTeX(twice)

The dually conjugate Hopf algebras $Fun_{p,q}(R)$ and $U_{p,q}(R)$ associated with the two-parametric $(p,q)$-Alexander-Conway solution $(R)$ of the Yang-Baxter equation are studied. Using the Hopf duality construction, the full Hopf structure of the quasitriangular enveloping algebra $U_{p,q}(R)$ is extracted. The universal ${\cal T}$-matrix for $Fun_{p,q}(R)$ is derived. While expressing an arbitrary group element of the quantum group characterized by the noncommuting parameters in a representation independent way, the ${\cal T}$-matrix generalizes the familiar exponential relation between a Lie group and its Lie algebra. The universal ${\cal R}$-matrix and the FRT matrix generators, $L^{(\pm )}$, for $U_{p,q}(R)$ are derived from the ${\cal T}$-matrix., Comment: LaTeX, 15 pages, to appear in Z. Phys. C: Particles and Fields

Inspired by Reshetikhin's twisting procedure to obtain multiparametric extensions of a Hopf algebra, a general `symmetry transformation' of the `particle conserving' $R$-matrix is found such that the resulting multiparametric $R$-matrix, with a spectral parameter as well as a colour parameter, is also a solution of the Yang-Baxter equation (YBE). The corresponding transformation of the quantum YBE reveals a new relation between the associated quantized algebra and its multiparametric deformation. As applications of this general relation to some particular cases, multiparametric and coloured extensions of the quantum group $GL_q(N)$ and the Yangian algebra $Y(gl_N)$ are investigated and their explicit realizations are also discussed. Possible interesting physical applications of such extended Yangian algebras are indicated., Comment: 21 pages, LaTeX (twice). Interesting physical applications of the work are indicated. To appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. A

For the quantum group $GL_{p,q}(2)$ and the corresponding quantum algebra $U_{p,q}(gl(2))$ Fronsdal and Galindo explicitly constructed the so-called universal $T$-matrix. In a previous paper we showed how this universal $T$-matrix can be used to exponentiate representations from the quantum algebra to get representations (left comodules) for the quantum group. Here, further properties of the universal $T$-matrix are illustrated. In particular, it is shown how to obtain comodules of the quantum algebra by exponentiating modules of the quantum group. Also the relation with the universal $R$-matrix is discussed., Comment: LaTeX-file, 7 pages. Submitted for the Proceedings of the 4th International Colloquium ``Quantum Groups and Integrable Systems,'' Prague, 22-24 June 1995

A finite-dimensional matrix representation of the Jackson $q$-differential operator $D_q$, defined by $D_qf(x)$ $=$ $(f(qx)-f(x))/(x(q-1))$, is written down following Calogero. Such a representation of $D_q$ should have applications in $q$-analysis leading to the corresponding extensions of the numerous results of Calogero's work., Comment: 5 pages, LaTeX

Using the Fronsdal-Galindo formula for the exponential mapping from the quantum algebra $U_{p,q}(gl(2))$ to the quantum group $GL_{p,q}(2)$, we show how the $(2j+1)$-dimensional representations of $GL_{p,q}(2)$ can be obtained by `exponentiating' the well-known $(2j+1)$-dimensional representations of $U_{p,q}(gl(2))$ for $j$ $=$ $1,{3/2},... $; $j$ $=$ 1/2 corresponds to the defining 2-dimensional $T$-matrix. The earlier results on the finite-dimensional representations of $GL_q(2)$ and $SL_q(2)$ (or $SU_q(2)$) are obtained when $p$ $=$ $q$. Representations of $U_{\bar{q},q}(2)$ $(q$ $\in$ $\C \backslash \R$ and $U_q(2)$ $(q$ $\in$ $\R \backslash \{0\})$ are also considered. The structure of the Clebsch-Gordan matrix for $U_{p,q}(gl(2))$ is studied. The same Clebsch-Gordan coefficients are applicable in the reduction of the direct product representations of the quantum group $GL_{p,q}(2)$., Comment: 17 pages, LaTeX (latex twice), no figures. Changes consist of more general formula (4.13) for T-matrices, explicit Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, boson realization of group parameters, and typographical corrections

A quantum algebra $U_{p,q}(\zeta ,H,X_\pm )$ associated with a nonstandard $R$-matrix with two deformation parameters$(p,q)$ is studied and, in particular, its universal ${\cal R}$-matrix is derived using Reshetikhin's method. Explicit construction of the $(p,q)$-dependent nonstandard $R$-matrix is obtained through a coloured generalized boson realization of the universal ${\cal R}$-matrix of the standard $U_{p,q}(gl(2))$ corresponding to a nongeneric case. General finite dimensional coloured representation of the universal ${\cal R}$-matrix of $U_{p,q}(gl(2))$ is also derived. This representation, in nongeneric cases, becomes a source for various $(p,q)$-dependent nonstandard $R$-matrices. Superization of $U_{p,q}(\zeta , H,X_\pm )$ leads to the super-Hopf algebra $U_{p,q}(gl(1|1))$. A contraction procedure then yields a $(p,q)$-deformed super-Heisenberg algebra $U_{p,q}(sh(1))$ and its universal ${\cal R}$-matrix., Comment: 17pages, LaTeX, Preprint No. imsc-94/43 Revised version: A note added at the end of the paper correcting and clarifying the bibliography

We consider the algebra $R$ generated by three elements $A,B,H$ subject to three relations $[H,A]=A$, $[H,B]=-B$ and $\{A,B\}=f(H)$. When $f(H)=H$ this coincides with the Lie superalgebra $osp(1/2)$; when $f$ is a polynomial we speak of polynomial deformations of $osp(1/2)$. Irreducible representations of $R$ are described, and in the case $\deg(f)\leq 2$ we obtain a complete classification, showing some similarities but also some interesting differences with the usual $osp(1/2)$ representations. The relation with deformed oscillator algebras is discussed, leading to the interpretation of $R$ as a generalized paraboson algebra., Comment: 18 pages, LaTeX, TWI-94-XX

Using the technique developed by Fronsdal and Galindo (Lett. Math. Phys. 27 (1993) 57) for studying the Hopf duality between the quantum algebras $Fun_{p,q}(GL(2))$ and $U_{p,q}(gl(2))$, the Hopf structure of $U_{p,q}(gl(1|1))$, dual to $Fun_{p,q}(GL(1|1))$, is derived and the corresponding universal ${\cal T}$-matrix of $Fun_{p,q}(GL(1|1))$, embodying the suitably modified exponential relationship $U_{p,q}(gl(1|1))$ $\rightarrow$ $Fun_{p,q}(GL(1|1))$, is obtained., Comment: 14 pages