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Introduction: Falls in the elderly population are one of the main geriatric syndromes and a clear indicator of the fragility of the elderly population. Falls are a leading cause of death and injury in the elderly, resulting in disability and immobility requiring ongoing medical care and high treatment costs. Difficulties in performing daily life activities increase with age due to decline in physical and cognitive functioning. Research objectives: To assess the ability to perform daily life activities, to analyze the risks of falling in elderly people. Methods: 100 people over the age of 65 participated in the research. The research instruments were a questionnaire for the assessment of daily life activities - Barthel Scale / Index (BI) and a questionnaire on screening assessments for the evaluation of falls. Results: The Barthel index shows that the majority of respondents perform daily life activities without problems. Intrinsic factors prove that the median score was 12 with an interquartile range of 7 to 15, which represents the risk of falls in people of the third age. Extrinsic risk factors for falls in people of the third age indicate a median of 4 with an interquartile range of 2 to 5, which represents the risk for falls in older people. The most influential risk factors for falling in our survey are difficulty walking upstairs, incorrect or insufficient use of orthopedic aids, feeling of instability when standing up for the first time, complaining of weakness or reduced sensation in one or the other leg, feeling of low self-confidence, instability when walking and fear from falling. Conclusion: Analyzing the risk factors for a fall, we obtained the result that there is an evident risk for a fall. Based on the estimated risk of falling, the most influential risk factors that affect the performance of daily life activities of elderly people were singled out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Various exercise programs have a positive effect on reducing the risk of falls in elderly people. Consequences of falls include fractures and injuries, reduced quality of life, fear of falling, loss of selfconfidence, and self-limited activity leading to reduced physical function and social interactions. Activity limitation impairs physical capacity and increases the risk of further falls. Falls are the primary cause of injury of the elderly, which can result in serious consequences such as fractures, head injuries, and even death, placing a significant burden on the public health system. Annually, between 28 and 35% of individuals aged 65 and over experience a fall worldwide, with rates reaching 32% - 42% among those aged 70 and over. Therefore, preventing falls has become a key global goal for the older adult population. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of different exercise programs in preventing falls in people of the third age. Methods: The search included an overview of the relevant databases: Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate. The systematic literature review included 12 different types of research. Results: Through a scientific review of the literature, the results of the significance and effectiveness of various programs of Otago exercises, Tai Chi, and Frenkle exercises in the prevention of falls in people of the third age are presented. The greatest effect is realized in the improvement of static and dynamic balance and the fear of falling. Conclusion: These studies show that different exercise programs have a huge and significant impact on reducing the risk of falls in older people. It is a long-term and continuous method of reducing the risk of falls in the elderly through exercise. Physical exercise is effective in improving components of balance, lower extremity strength, mobility, and reducing falls and fall-related injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Knowledge: International Journal is the property of Institute for Knowledge Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rupture the front one crossed ACL ligaments are mostly mentions the code active and young people an athlete and can to have permanent psychological and physical consequences. Clinical assessment and treatment injuries it is broad research thesis in orthopedics. ACL injury most often as a result by contact and contactless principle, that is the first is more common the code male half, while the other a lot more common the code a woman. Mentioned injury most commonly be surgical taken care of, also characterizes it relatively high rate permanent rupture. The result be displayed psychological load for athletes like and long-term weather period rehabilitation. Goal research: Determine efficiency physiotherapy in rehabilitation after injuries front ones crossed ligaments which includes surgery reconstruction by application physical therapy and kinesitherapy. Method of work: The search included review relevant base data: Medline, PabMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate. By display 8 randomized studies were included in the literature review clinical research. Based on of which it was made plan view and program rehabilitation an athlete after injury the front one crossed ligament, the efficiency program physical therapy and kinesitherapy. Research rehabilitation an athlete the code injury to the anterior cruciate ligament is nonexperimental qualitatively research, that is scientific literature review. Results: Research on efficiency is presented procedure physical therapy and kinesitherapy in rehabilitation an athlete after injuries the front one crossed ligament. Conclusion: Rehabilitation athlete (physical therapy and kinesitherapy) give significant results in sense reduction pain, increase volume movement and strength muscles after ACL injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The complaints that occur in the area of the lumbar spine are summarized under the term lumbar pain syndrome. These include lumbar discopathy, lumbago, lumboischialgia, sciatica, and other complaints associated with the lumbar region of the spine. The purpose of this study is to evaluate sociodemographic characteristics, assess the degree of disability patients experience due to lumbar pain syndrome, evaluate how many patients catastrophize their pain, and assess the effectiveness of the dry needling technique along with other physical therapy modalities in people with lumbar pain syndrome. Methods: The study was designed as a prospective study conducted from March 2022 to June 2022. 35 subjects of both sexes, aged 25-83, agreed to participate in the study. The subjects who enrolled were pre-dominantly suffering from chronic lumbar pain syndrome, and there were also a smaller number of subjects with acute lumbar pain syndrome. Results: The majority of respondents suffer from lumbar pain syndrome, which falls into the chronic category in 29 or 82.9% of cases. The mean score after the application of therapy on the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scale was 22.0 ± 16.23% and was statistically significantly lower. The average score after the application of the therapy on the visual analog scale (VAS) was 3.06 ± 2.31 and is statistically significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared to the period before the therapy. Conclusion: Dry needling in combination with standard physical procedures led to statistically significant improvements. The mean score on the pain catastrophe scale, VAS, and ODI was significantly lower than in the pre-therapy period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) are the most common work-related disorders and describe a wide range of degenerative and inflammatory states that affect blood vessels, peripheral nerves, bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, and muscles. Healthcare as a special sector has almost the highest prevalence of WRMSDs in the world, far ahead of construction, mining, and manufacturing. Studies conducted in the EU and the USA indicate that health-care professionals most often have a problem with the lower back between 50% and 57% of cases, resulting in an average loss of more than 7 working days during 1 year. Methods: This study included 177 health professionals of both genders who are actively involved in the provision of health-care services. The study was conducted in the Public Health Center of Sarajevo Canton, which provides primary and specialist-consultative healthcare services. The study was designed as a prospective, longitudinal, interventional, and descriptive-analytical that included all respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The instruments used in the study are the standardized Dutch Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire, modified according to our study, the standardized work ability index, and the ergonomic intervention program (EIP). Results: The highest frequency of work-related MKDs in health-care professionals before and after implementation of the EIP was in the neck area (83.1% before, 64.9% after), in the upper back region (71.8% before, 56.5 % after) and in the lower back region (68.4% before, 55.9% after). The average score of the working ability index before the introduction of the EIP was 35.44 ± 8.59, while after the implementation of the EIP it increased statistically significantly and amounted to 38.40 ± 7.30. Conclusion: The EIP influenced the reduction of the MKDs frequency caused by work, and increased the working capacity of health-care professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A clinical syndrome of vascular etiology is a stroke, which is manifested by a sudden onset of exophthalmos or a regional cerebral deficit that lasts longer than 24 hours, but can also end with a fatal outcome. The symptoms that follow a stroke, which are manifested in the extremities, depend on the artery that is affected, or more precisely, on the segment of the brain that is affected. The rehabilitation of patients after an insult is carried out through three phases, where a constant clinical assessment of the patient is required, in order to have an insight into the effects of the therapy. For rehabilitation, there are several therapeutic techniques that, depending on the degree of damage, can be included in different phases of rehabilitation. In Western countries, stroke is the third leading cause of mortality, and the leading cause of disability. In theory and practice, various treatments have been proposed for patients after a stroke, among which is Mirror therapy, during which moving images include recovery of function leading to cortical reorganization. Studies have shown that the interaction between the visual field, stretching and motor commands propagates the training of mirror neurons, giving such a cortical reorganization and the recovery of function of the patient after the insult. Aim of the research: To evaluate the effectiveness of Mirror therapy in the rehabilitation of people after an insult through a review of the literature. Work method: The search included a review of relevant databases: Medline, PabMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate. The literature review includes 5 randomized clinical trials. Results: Through a scientific review of the literature, the results of the importance and productivity of Mirror therapy in patients with stroke were presented. Multisegment therapeutic intervention, in which Mirror therapy is an indispensable part, the effectiveness of Mirror therapy has been proven. Education and recommendations, regular application of exercises and monitoring of patients. Conclusion: The effectiveness of Mirror therapy has proven to be very effective in the rehabilitation of patients after an insult. The methods and method of application of Mirror therapy improves their functional independence, which enables them to have a more successful quality of life. It has a stimulating effect on cognitive functions and sensorimotor performance, which makes it easier to carry out daily life activities, and at the same time improves the quality of life of people after strokes. Mirror therapy is a promising method because it improves the ability to maintain balance, tactile sensitivity, muscle strength and walking ability in people after a stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common in men and women of all ages in all sociodemographic strata of society. Pain and functional limitations caused by MSDs severely limit independence and quality of life and interfere with an individual's ability to participate in family and social life and work. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the Kinesio Tape (KT) technique on pain intensity in patients with MSDs of the upper and/or lower extremities before, during, and after therapeutic treatment. Methods: The study involved 123 patients of both sexes and all ages diagnosed with MSDs of the upper and/or lower extremities. Patients were randomly divided into two groups, a control group and an experimental group. The control group received the standard therapy protocol for MSDs, while the experimental group received the standard therapy protocol for MSDs plus the KT technique on the treated segment. The brief pain inventory was used to assess pain intensity. Both groups of participants were tested with the research instruments at baseline, during and after therapeutic treatment. Results: The ability to walk due to pain was significantly less impaired in the control group than in participants in the experimental group, in whom pain significantly impeded walking (p < 0.001). Normal walking was significantly more impaired in the experimental group than in the control group (p = 0.001). Pain significantly impaired relationships with others in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Subjects in the experimental group showed a significant decrease in pain in all areas after therapeutic treatment with KT compared to subjects in the control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The third stage of life is a stage in life, not a disease. The aging process is an unsustainable biological process that ends with aging, and consists in the loss of tissue regeneration abilities. Involution and aging is a normal process that occurs gradually. It is the so-called physiological aging that should be distinguished from pathological aging. Quality of life is the subject of research in numerous sciences. Among other things, it has become a prominent subject of interest in psychology, sociology, philosophy, medicine and health care. Terms such as quality of life, happiness, and subjective well-being are often taken as synonyms for life satisfaction. Through a scientific literature review, we will examine the quality of life of elderly people. Research material and methods: The work was conceived as a scientific review of the literature, various databases from journals, scientific research, scientific and professional papers obtained from Medline, PabMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate were used. Articles were also selected from references of relevant articles, by searching on journal websites and by hand search. Without any restrictions in terms of time period, vocabulary, religiosity, all those studies that will cover certain criteria will be included: (1) Respondents of both sexes older than 65 years; (2) quality of life; (3) the third age of life. Animal studies, records and case series, conference abstracts, or undated letters were excluded. Based on the collected data from the database, a scientific literature review was compiled. Results: Through a scientific review of the literature, the results of the importance of the quality of life in people of the third age were presented. A total of 738 papers, published in the period from 2016 to 2022, extracted from 4 databases, were taken into account. After finishing the copies of studies and publications that are irrelevant, 278 papers were further processed, while only 30 papers were read in full, only 5 papers satisfied the 3 criteria for implementation in the scientific literature review. Conclusion: Daily activity of physical persons older than 65 significantly improves quality of life, functional independence, performance of daily basic and instrumental activities, satisfaction with life. A sudden decrease in the quality of life occurs in late age, it is strongly connected with the health condition and, in the last case, with mortality. Knowing the indicators of quality of life and changes in the longest-lived people can encourage society to intervene, because only a healthy and satisfied person can function physically, mentally and socially and feel a positive emotional state, such as satisfaction and happiness, which are the most important individual determinants of quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most prevalent side effects following breast cancer therapy is lymphedema.. The literature lists various symptoms experienced by patients with lymphedema, such as a feeling of heaviness and tightness in the arm, numbness, weakness, and pain. Less physical activity does not only result in a lower quality of life; it also has an adverse effect on the psychosocial component of life. The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of respondents with breast cancer who had lymphedema and those who did not, as well as to look into the respondents' quality of life. Material and Methods: The research was conducted in the Association of persons suffering from and treated for breast cancer "Renesansa" in Sarajevo. 35 respondents were included in the study. The instrument used in our study was the standardized FACT -B+4 questionnaire. The research was conducted in the period from the end of March to the beginning of May 2022. Results: Of the total number of respondents with breast cancer, the proportion of respondents with breast cancer and lymphedema was 17.1%. The quality of life of respondents with breast cancer and lymphedema was lower in terms of physical health and emotional and functional status. Conclusion: The quality of life of respondents with breast cancer and lymphedema differed from the quality of life of respondents with breast cancer without lymphedema. The level of quality of life of respondents with breast cancer and lymphedema is slightly lower than the level of quality of life of respondents with breast cancer without lymphedema, but without statistically significant difference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Politics & Security (IJPS) is the property of Inono Universitesi, Malatya and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Active aging is a process of optimizing of opportunities for health, participation, and safety to improve the quality of life as people age. Therapeutic exercises to strengthen muscles are especially important for the elderly, and the results of such exercises are positive in people with functional limitations. The aim of the study was to assess functional mobility of people in the 3rd age of life after programmed therapeutic exercises. Methods: The prospective study included two groups of 130 respondents over the age of 65 who came to the "Centre for Healthy Aging" in Novo Sarajevo in the period from September 1, 2014, until March 1, 2015. Using the time up and go test (TUG), the basic functional mobility was assessed and it represents the minimum time the respondent needs to get up from the armchair, walk a distance of three meters, turn around, and sit back in the armchair. We tested the respondents at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of the study, which lasted for 6 months. Results: Analysis of the gender structure of the control and the test groups, using the Chi-square test, found a statistically significant difference, and in the test group, there were more female subjects than in the control group, χ2 = 50.620; p = 0.001. Analysis of the functional mobility of the respondents of the test groups using the TUG at the end of the study found that the respondents of the test group needed statistically significantly less time to perform the test (8.84 seconds) compared to the control group (9.59 seconds) and test Group B (9.41 seconds), F = 4.711; p = 0.041. Conclusion: Programmed therapeutic exercise leads to a significant improvement in functional mobility of persons in the 3rd age of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cervical pain syndrome (CPS), or pain in the neck, is defined as a set of symptoms that limit performing movements in the upper part of the back and last more than 1 day. When the mentioned symptoms last for more than 12 weeks, we talk about chronic CPS. It often represents the condition that results from disability. It is associated with poor posture, work in sitting position, stress, and long-lasting and repetitive movements. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of physical therapy on the degree of disability, pain intensity, and daily life and work activities of persons with chronic CPS. Methods: The research was conducted in the health spa center "Reumal" Fojnica from June 2020 until July 2020. It included 50 subjects of both genders, more than 18 years old, and of all occupations, treated with physiotherapy procedures (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, magnetotherapy, therapeutic ultrasound, and kinesitherapy in the form of McKenzie exercises). In addition, a pre- and post-treatment study analyzed the condition of the respondents at the first examination and the control examination after completion of treatment. Results: By analyzing the results, we established that of the total number of respondents, 74% were female, and the average age was 57.36 years. At the end of the study, the degree of disability caused by neck pain was significantly lower ( p < 0.05) than the degree of disability before the therapy. Discomfort caused by symptoms of CPS that occurred and interference with work before the therapy was significantly lower ( p < 0.05) after the treatment program. Therapeutic procedures have reduced the pain intensity and improved the activities of everyday life. Conclusion: The treatment with physical therapy procedures effectively reduces the degree of disability and pain intensity and improves people's daily life and work activities with chronic CPS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the study, the development of physiotherapy was described through the history and education in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) with the special review on the significance of physiotherapy as a health-care discipline and the display of its development to the academic level of education in BiH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Osgood-Schlatter's syndrome (Osgood-Schlatter disease [OSD]) is caused by an accumulation of repeated microtraumas and is classified as a type of chronic injury called "overload syndrome". It is considered that the root causes of OSD are accelerated growth as well as excessive sports and recreational activity. Currently, more than 50% of children of school age are involved in sports activities. In this study, 40 external risk factors were analyzed. The aim of this study was to determine external risk factors and to develop an algorithm for the prevention of injuries caused by overload syndrome through a detailed analysis of Osgood-Schlatter's syndrome. Methods: The research has been conducted on 200 patients who were previously diagnosed with Osgood-Schlatter's syndrome. The participants were divided into two groups, each containing 100 patients, first group - aerobic sports (football and basketball) and the second group - anaerobic sports (karate and taekwondo). Personal information, anthropometric measurements, complete medical, and sports history were taken from the patients. A clinical examination was conducted by the researcher himself. This clinical study was prospective, comparative, analytical, and descriptive. The research was conducted in the Public Center for Sports Medicine of Canton Sarajevo. Software used for statistical data analysis was SPSS for Windows (version 20.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA) and Microsoft Excel (version 13 of Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA). Results: Patients experienced the first symptoms of OSD at 4 years (football) and 6 years (taekwondo). About 60% of patients who trained in anaerobic sports and 38% of patients who trained in aerobic sports trained other sports more often as well. The research showed that a higher percentage of patients who trained anaerobic sports trained multiple sports at the same time (karate 88%, and taekwondo 82%) compared to patients who trained aerobic sports (football 68%, and basketball 76%). Patients who trained in anaerobic sports were also more likely to engage in recreational activities (58.3%) compared to patients who trained in aerobic sports (41.7%). Conclusion: The research showed that patients who trained in anaerobic sports more frequently trained more than one sport at the same time and spent more hours doing recreational activities compared to patients who trained in aerobic sports. By analyzing weekly physical activity, it was concluded that the rest is limited. Future research aims to identify risk factors so that children, parents, and trainers can be educated to work on prevention through teamwork. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In recent years, the practice of young children training to master sports has become a trend. Said exposes young children who are training intensively to various external risk factors such as social isolation, addiction, frequent injuries, and syndrome of overload. Enablers of this behavior are commonly parents and coaches who notice the child's abilities stand out from those of other children in the group and find that such talent requires intensive sport-specific training. The purpose of this study was to determine the average age of the patients and the average age when the first symptoms of the disease appeared as well as to provide an analysis of the average duration of children being actively involved in sports activities before the first symptoms of OSD appeared. Methods: The research has been conducted on 200 patients who were previously diagnosed with Osgood-Schlatter's syndrome. The participants were divided into two groups each containing 100 patients, first group -aerobic sports (football and basketball) and the second group -anaerobic sports (karate and taekwondo). Personal information, anthropometric measurements, complete medical, and sports history were taken from the patients. A clinical examination was conducted by the researcher himself. The study was prospective, clinical, comparative, analytical, and descriptive. The research was conducted in Public Center for Sports Medicine of Canton Sarajevo. Results: The average age when the patients started with intensive training was highest with basketball players (7.8 years) following with karate trainees (6.8 years). Basketball players had statistically the lowest duration of being actively involved in sports activities before the first symptoms of OSD appeared (5.4 years). No statistically significant difference in the average duration of training was discovered between the test groups. The average age when knee pain or swelling under the knee first appeared was at the age of 11.4 years with players of aerobic sports and 11.8 years with players of anaerobic sports. Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was found between test groups and subgroups. Before the first appearance of knee pain, the taekwondo patients had been in training the longest (4.7 years) and basketball players the least amount of time (3.4 years). Conclusion: By conducting retrospective analysis, it has been concluded that children had started training at the age of 3 or 4 years and had encountered the first symptoms of OSD at the ages of 4 years (football) and 6 years (taekwondo) Reacherch showed that the early involvement of children in sports and their early specialization in sports are both external risk factors that have a dominant influence on OSD development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The most common health problem associated with the negative effect of heavy schoolbags is back pain, and non-specific back pain is frequently observed in childhood. The prevalence of back pain in schoolchildren varies from 12% to 92%, depending on the age and affected region of the back. To prevent the occurrence of back pain in schoolchildren, the weight of schoolbag should not exceed 10% of the child's body mass. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in April 2017. We included 79 students of the fifth and sixth grade from the elementary school in Sarajevo. Information on the weight and type of schoolbag, method of carrying a schoolbag, and feelings of pain and tiredness due to schoolbag were obtained by questionnaire. Results: In the total sample, the majority of the students (64.6%) reported occasional back pain while carrying the bag, 20.3% of students reported no back pain, and 11.4% of students experienced frequent back pain. The mean schoolbag weight in the fifth grade was 4.01 ± 0.57 kg, and it was significantly higher (4.61 ± 0.86 kg) in the sixth grade. About 48.5% of the students in the fifth and 50% in the sixth grade carried schoolbags weighing more than 10% of the body mass. A higher mean weight of schoolbag was significantly more frequent in students who reported always feeling tired (11.03 ± 2.74%) compared to those who did not feel tired while carrying the schoolbag (8.41 ± 2%). Conclusions: Overall, more frequent occurrence of back pain and tiredness in schoolchildren was associated with heavier schoolbags (>10% of the body mass), and the occurrence of back pain due to schoolbag was related to gender (i.e., back pain was more common in girls compared to boys). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]