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Climate change poses significant challenges to Indian agriculture, impacting crop yields, water availability, and overall food security. To address these challenges, a combination of adaptation and mitigation strategies is crucial. Adaptation measures involve adjusting agricultural practices to changing climate conditions, such as altering planting schedules, implementing water-saving techniques, and promoting resilient crop varieties. Mitigation strategies focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural activities, like adopting sustainable farming practices and enhancing carbon sequestration in soils. In India, the integration of adaptation and mitigation efforts is essential to enhance the resilience of farmers and agricultural systems to climate change impacts while contributing to global climate goals. By combining traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches, Indian agriculture can navigate the complexities of climate change, ensuring sustainable food production and livelihood security for millions of farmers across the country. A concerted effort involving policymakers, researchers, extension workers, and farming communities is vital to bolster the resilience of Indian agriculture while contributing to global climate change mitigation efforts. Effective extension services are paramount for educating farmers and ensuring widespread adoption of these strategies. By prioritizing both adaptation and mitigation, Indian agriculture can navigate the challenges of climate change and ensure long-term food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design features of the proposed Schottky collector structure and the reasons for its significantly improved breakdown performance are presented. The proposed structure is expected to be suitable in the design of the new generation scaled high voltage Schottky collector bipolar transistor for low power high-speed analog applications.

In India, agricultural production was principally based on weather parameters. The agro services based on weather parameters will be a useful practice for the farmers. In Tamil Nadu, Cauvery Delta Zone is a major agricultural production area and productivity depends on the climatic condition. This paper deals with the verification of the weather forecast for the Cauvery Delta Zone of Tamil Nadu. The Agromet Advisory Services were issued to Cauvery Delta Zone districts based on weather forecasts received from the India Meteorological Department and actual weather data recorded at the Agrometeorological observatory of Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Aduthurai were analyzed to verify the validity and correctness of weather forecast during 2020. The forecast weather parameters were analyzed by qualitative and quantitative methods. The outcome of results showed that overall weather parameter predictions were better and effective during summer followed by winter season with higher values of probability success (87 & 82%), RMSE (3.5 & 3.9), ratio score (85 & 95%), and forecast correctness (70 & 61%). The rainfall forecast during monsoon and post-monsoon season were poor with probability success (58 & 46%), RMSE (7.6 & 8.1), ratio score (58 & 64%) and forecast correctness (37 & 25%). Nagapattinam district showed better performance in overall weather forecast over Cauvery Delta Zone districts. Hence in the future, further refinement is needed in rainfall forecast especially during the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons of the Cauvery Delta Zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on a study which explored the novel characteristics of a lateral PNM Schottky collector bipolar transistor (SCBT) on silicon-on-insulator. Device structure and parameters; Description of the fabrication process; Performance of lateral SCBT structure.

Climate change poses a substantial threat to agricultural sustainability globally. Agriculture is a vital component of the gross domestic production of developing countries. The multifaceted impacts of climate change on agriculture, highlighting how extreme weather events such as water stress, heatwaves, erratic rainfall, storms, floods, and emerging pest infestations are disrupting agricultural productivity. The socioeconomic status of farmers is particularly vulnerable to climatic extremes with future projections indicating significant increment in ambient air temperatures and unpredictable, intense rainfall patterns. Agriculture has historically relied on the extensive use of synthetic fertilizers, herbicides, and insecticides, combined with advancements in irrigation and biotechnological approaches to boost productivity. It encompasses a range of practices designed to enhance the resilience of agricultural systems, improve productivity, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. By adopting climate‐smart practices, farmers can better adapt to changing climatic conditions, thereby ensuring more sustainable and secure food production. Furthermore, it identifies key areas for future research, focusing on the development of innovative adaptation and mitigation strategies. These strategies are essential for minimizing the detrimental impacts of climate change on agriculture and for promoting the long‐term sustainability of food systems. This article underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and the integration of advanced technologies to address the challenges posed by climate change. By fostering a deeper understanding of these issues to inform policymakers, researchers, and practitioners about effective strategies to safeguard agricultural productivity and food security in the face of changing climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the Miller's relationship for typical reach-through collector very large-scale integration (VLSI) bipolar transistors with collector epi-thickness using a modified ionization model based on nonlocal impact ionization. Simulation results and discussion; Conclusions.