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Clinical trials are a key public health challenge and are evolving in an international increasingly competitive environment. France, which was perceived attractive in the early 2000s thanks to the simplicity of its administrative procedures, has for the past few years been weakened by the increase of clinical trials setup times. At a time when optimizing development time of a medicine became a priority for pharmaceutical companies, the ability to start a clinical trial quickly is an essential criterion to determine which countries will participate to the clinical development of a medicine. Start-up of a clinical trial is determined by regulatory approvals and contractualization between sponsor and health institutions participating in the research. In order to improve the France’s attractiveness, the Government adopted laws to optimize administrative procedures while maintaining patients’ safety : implementation of reference methodologies for personal data processing, adoption of the « unique contract » and adoption of a law to adapt the random selection of ethics committees. In addition, to anticipate the entry into force of the European Regulation n°536/2014 scheduled for the third quarter of 2020, the French Health Authority, ethics committees and sponsors adapt their working approach and improve communication during administrative assessment. All these measures aim to make France a partner of choice to conduct international clinical trials.; Les essais cliniques représentent un enjeu clé de santé publique et évoluent dans un contexte international de plus en plus concurrentiel. Perçue comme attractive au début des années 2000 grâce à la simplicité de ses procédures administratives, la France se trouve depuis quelques années fragilisée par l’augmentation des délais de mise en place des essais cliniques. A l’heure où l’optimisation du temps de développement d’une molécule est devenue une priorité pour les laboratoires pharmaceutiques, l’aptitude à pouvoir démarrer un essai clinique rapidement est un critère essentiel pour déterminer les pays qui participeront au développement clinique d’un médicament. Le démarrage d’un essai est conditionné par l’obtention des autorisations règlementaires ainsi que la contractualisation entre le promoteur et chaque établissement de santé participant à la recherche. Afin de dynamiser l’attractivité de la France, le Gouvernement a développé des textes permettant l’optimisation des démarches administratives tout en conservant un haut niveau de sécurité pour les patients : homologation de méthodologies de référence pour les traitements de données personnelles, déploiement du contrat unique, ou encore adoption d’une loi de modulation du tirage au sort des comités de protection des personnes. Par ailleurs, afin d’anticiper l’entrée en vigueur du Règlement Européen n°536/2014 prévue au troisième trimestre 2020, l’ANSM, les CPP et les promoteurs adaptent leur fonctionnement et renforcent les échanges lors de l’instruction des dossiers. Toutes ces mesures ont pour objectif d’inscrire la France comme partenaire de choix pour la réalisation d’essais cliniques internationaux.

International audience; Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram negative pathogenic bacterium involved in many human infections including otitis, keratitis, pneumonia, and diabetic foot ulcers. P. aeruginosa uses a communication system, referred to as quorum sensing (QS), to adopt a group behavior by synchronizing the expression of certain genes. Among the regulated traits, secretion of proteases or siderophores, motility and biofilm formation are mainly involved in the pathogenicity. Many efforts have been dedicated to the development of quorum sensing inhibitors (QSI) and quorum quenching (QQ) agents to disrupt QS. QQ enzymes have been particularly considered as they may act in a catalytic way without entering the cell. Here we focus on the lactonase SsoPox which was previously investigated for its ability to degrade the signaling molecules, acyl-homoserine lactones, in particular on the engineered variant SsoPox-W263I. We highlight the potential of SsoPox-W263I to inhibit the virulence of 51 clinical P. aeruginosa isolates from diabetic foot ulcers by decreasing the secretion of two virulence factors, proteases and pyocyanin, as well as biofilm formation. We further compared the effect of SsoPox-W263I to the comprehensively described QSI, 5-fluorouracil and C-30. We found the lactonase SsoPox-W263I to be significantly more effective than the tested QSI at their respective concentration optimum and to retain its activity after immobilization steps, paving the way for future therapeutic applications.