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International audience; Within the Horizon 2020 thematic network Inno4Grass (www.inno4grass.eu) grassland innovations were analysed in practice and science meetings that are participatory, multi-stakeholder discussion groups. Their outcome was summarised in 115 practice abstracts (PAs) from eight countries. PAs are short summaries for practitioners containing the most important results of the activity and the main practical recommendations. In order to investigate which are the most relevant common traits characterising the innovation process in the European agricultural practice, twenty-seven descriptors of the topics addressed in the PAs were scored for presence/absence. The results were analysed by means of a Principal Component Analysis, resulting in a fairly low proportion (31.5%) of the total variation explained by the first two components. Aspects related to regional marketing are quite closely related to Component 1. The factors ‘organic farming’ and ‘animal welfare’, as well as ‘conventional farming’ and ‘machinery and tools’, were strongly related to each other. There was no obvious pattern of the data due to the agroclimatic areas but decreases in management intensity seemed to be related to the adoption of regional marketing strategies. A certain bias might be present due to partners intentionally focusing only on a specific topic.

« Caminante, son tus huellas el camino, y nada mas », Antonio Machado, « Se hace camino al andar... », Chant XXIX, Proverbios y cantarès, Campos de Castilla, 1917. Avant-propos : notre conception de la trace Nous concevons ici la trace, à l’instar du poème d’Antonio Machado, comme un construit chemin faisant, c’est-à-dire dans une tradition ignorante tant du point de vue des sciences de l’information et de la communication que de l’informatique et du traitement automatique des langues. Il ne ...

Avec le xxie siècle, semble émerger un genre nouveau, celui de l’Homme trace. Jamais dans l’histoire de l’humanité, les outils technologiques n’ont été aussi nombreux et aussi efficaces non seulement pour communiquer, mais aussi enregistrer les moindres faits et gestes du quotidien. Il s’ensuit une forme de traçabilité humaine qui suscite les inquiétudes les plus déraisonnables et des questionnements éthiques, légitimes et inédits, qui touchent aux notions mêmes d’intimité et de liberté. Observant et analysant certaines des traces les plus exemplaires de l’homme contemporain, les spécialistes réunis ici placent ces interrogations primordiales en perspective. Dépassant l’illusoire évidence de la « trace », ces chercheurs, issus de champs disciplinaires variés (sciences de la communication, sociologie, informatique, psychologie, linguistique, mais aussi géographie et anthropologie), traitent le sujet sous des angles divers, déconstruisent la notion de trace et en dégagent un nouveau paradigme. Émerge ainsi l’absolue nécessité de mettre en rapport le contexte de production de la trace, celui de sa réception et de son interprétation. Une exploration contemporaine de la nature fondamentale de l’Homme.

International audience; Within the framework of the Horizon 2020 thematic network Inno4Grass (www.inno4grass.eu), 55 ‘practice & science meetings’ have been carried out using a multi-stakeholder, participatory approach, in order to bridge the gap between science and practice and deliver a comprehensive analysis of grassland innovations across eight European countries. Three project phases can be distinguished: (1) common guidelines under discussion, (2) introduction and preliminary test of the guidelines, (3) additional training on the discussion process. A structured feedback on the meetings held was provided by the organisers by means of a questionnaire, including information about duration, preparatory material, participants, discussion methods and evaluation of the meetings by the organisers. This information allows computing of mean values and distribution of the most relevant variables. Only a few of them were affected by the project phase. In particular, there was an increase in the use of farm portraits and of scientific literature over the project phases. All aspects describing the success of meetings were positively assessed. This suggests that the methodology for the conduction of the practice & science meetings within Inno4Grass was already relatively well established at the beginning of the project.

During the 2017 run of the LHC, several applications and tools underwent improvements and new features were added. Next to others, the main focus was on a new system for coupling measurement, based on the ADT AC-Dipole and the luminosity control system, to which e.g. separation and crossing-angle levelling functionality were added. For 2018, it is foreseen to push these systems even further: $\beta ^{*}$ levelling functionality is on its way to be available in the luminosity control system and new approach for precise tune measurements through ADT excitation and pickups is in the planning stage. This paper gives an overview of the relevant improvements done in 2017 and an outlook of what is foreseen to be improved for the 2018 run.

Within the framework of the Horizon 2020 thematic network Inno4Grass (www.inno4grass.eu), 55 'practice & science meetings' have been carried out using a multi-stakeholder, participatory approach, in order to bridge the gap between science and practice and deliver a comprehensive analysis of grassland innovations across eight European countries. Three project phases can be distinguished: (1) common guidelines under discussion, (2) introduction and preliminary test of the guidelines, (3) additional training on the discussion process. A structured feedback on the meetings held was provided by the organisers by means of a questionnaire, including information about duration, preparatory material, participants, discussion methods and evaluation of the meetings by the organisers. This information allows computing of mean values and distribution of the most relevant variables. Only a few of them were affected by the project phase. In particular, there was an increase in the use of farm portraits and of scientific literature over the project phases. All aspects describing the success of meetings were positively assessed. This suggests that the methodology for the conduction of the practice & science meetings within Inno4Grass was already relatively well established at the beginning of the project.

In view of the newly implemented variable Abort Gap Keeper (AGK), this paper will review the protection layers that should prevent an injection of beam into the abort gap and identify the critical regions inside the abort gap. In particular, it will examine the accidental injection of several bunches into the abort gap after a filling-pattern change in September 2017 and discuss the lessons learned.

The steering program YASP was introduced in the LEIR injection as well as the extraction lines in 2016 to correct the trajectories with well-known model based correction algorithms such as MICADO or SVD. In addition a YASP configuration was prepared to correct the extraction line together with the first turn of the PS. In this way the injection oscillations can be corrected while keeping the trajectory reasonable in the PS injection line., CERN Proceedings, Vol 2 (2017): Proceedings of the Injector MD Days 2017

International audience

Most of the time, for the daily operation of the LHC, dedicated operational applications are used, and the expert have their own applications to control their equipment, do specific machine developments and studies. In some cases, these expert applications need to adapted. This presentation will demonstrate why this system applications implies a lot of disadvantages. In addition, commons problems and requirements which are easily identified in all groups are shown. Finally it will propose an alternative approach to overcome these issues.

Proceeding of INPC 2016 conference; International audience; The dynamical evolution of super-heavy systems on their potential landscape and the possibleexistence of a potential pocket allowing compound nucleus formation can be efficientlyprobed with the X-ray fluorescence process. The latter gives rise to characteristic X-rays,powerful tools to achieve atomic number (Z) identification of the emitting atoms.Furthermore, it provides us with a sensitive clock for nuclear fission (as well as for any otherprocess where a Z modification of the atoms occurs), provided the fission time distributionpresents sizeable components with lifetimes of the same order of magnitude as the lifetimes ofthe electronic vacancies responsible for the atomic fluorescence.The X-ray fluorescence technique has thus been applied in order to get evidence forcompound nucleus formation from long lifetime components in the fission time distributions.Three systems have been studied with projectile energies around 6 MeV/nucleon: 238U + 64Ni,238U + 76Ge and 48Ti + 238U. The first two systems were studied at Ganil using reversekinematics that permitted fission fragment Z identification by ΔE-E technique. For the lastsystem, studied at the Australian National University in direct kinematics, fission fragmentmasses were determined from their relative flight times, whereas their atomic numbers weresimultaneously determined from X-ray fluorescence. For the 3 systems, the fission timedistributions have been probed and, for the last one, the initial N/Z of the fission fragments (Nbeing the number of neutrons) has been determined as a function of the energy dissipation andmass asymmetry.

The time spent at injection takes a big share of the LHC global turnaround time. This paper will explain the elements of the injection process and how they contribute to the injection duration, with an attempt to analyse where improvement could be made to increase the injection efficiency.

To minimise the beam losses at the moment of an LHC beam dump the 3 μs long abort gap should contain as few particles as possible. Its population can be minimised by abort gap cleaning using the LHC transverse damper system. The LHC Run 1 experience is briefly recalled; changes foreseen for the LHC Run 2 are presented. They include improvements in the observation of the abort gap population and the mechanism to decide if cleaning is required, changes to the hardware of the transverse dampers to reduce the detrimental effect on the luminosity lifetime and proposed changes to the applied cleaning algorithms.

In 2013, at the end of the LHC physics run I, several quench tests took place with the aim to measure the quench limit of the LHC superconducting magnets. The LHC superconducting magnets in the dispersion suppressor of IR7 are the most exposed to beam losses leaking from the betatron collimation system and represent the main limitation for the halo cleaning. A collimation quench test was performed with 4 TeV proton beams to improve the quench limit estimates, which determine the maximum allowed beam loss rate for a given collimation cleaning. The main goal of the collimation quench test was to try to quench the magnets by increasing losses at the collimators. This note describes the procedure during the test and the first results with the data. Losses of up to 1 MW over a few seconds were generated by blowing up the beam, achieving total losses of about 5.8 MJ. These controlled losses exceeded by a factor 2 the collimation design value, and the magnets did not quench.

The many modifications of the software packages that have been done during LS1 will be reported. Based on the issues and requirements that have been presented in the 2012 Evian workshop [1], the solutions implemented and their impact on operation will be explained, the status of these different upgrade projects will be presented. Without doing a complete inventory of the control room applications, those with important functional modifications or presenting issues will be covered.

The LHC superconducting magnets in the dispersion suppressor of IR7 are the most exposed to beam losses leaking from the betatron collimation system and represent the main limitation for the halo cleaning. In 2013, quench tests were performed at 4 TeV to improve the quench limit estimates, which determine the maximum allowed beam loss rate for a given collimation cleaning. The main goal of the collimation quench test was to try to quench the magnets by increasing losses at the collimators. Losses of up to 1 MW over a few seconds were generated by blowing up the beam, achieving total losses of about 5.8 MJ. These controlled losses exceeded by a factor 2 the collimation design value, and the magnets did not quench., peer-reviewed

Chromatic coupling was regularly measured in the LHC throughout 2012. A first beam-based correction of chromatic coupling was applied during a dedicated MD. In this note we summarise the measurements and results showing a significant reduction in the chromatic coupling for both beams.

The current crossing angle scheme at LHCb interaction point (horizontal crossing angle and vertical beam separation) prohibits the use of the LHCb dipole positive polarity for 25 ns bunch spacing operation since the beam separation at the first parasitic encounter is very small inducing unwanted beam encounters. To overcome this limitation a different crossing angle scheme was proposed in 2007 by W. Herr and Y. Papaphilippou. The new schema implies a vertical external crossing angle that together with the horizontal internal crossing angle, from the LHCb dipole and its three compensator magnets, defines a new tilted crossing and separation plane providing enough beam separation at the parasitic encounters. This paper summarizes the feasibility study of the new crossing scheme, the implementation in routine operation and analyzes the beam stability during the building up of the tilted crossing plane.