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Sally L Riggs,1 Cynthia A Thomson,1 Elizabeth Jacobs,2 Chistina A Cutshaw,1 John E Ehiri1 1Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USACorrespondence: Sally L RiggsDepartment of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USATel +1 520 499 4111Email sriggs@email.arizona.eduPurpose: In the United States, Hispanics are more likely to be diagnosed with cervical cancer compared to Non-Hispanic Whites. Annually, 250,000 to 1 million women are diagnosed with a precursor to CC. The aim of this study was to assess whether Hispanics have a higher prevalence of cervical dysplasia compared to Non-Hispanics Whites among a population of low-income women.Patients and Methods: We analyzed the results of 10,911 cervical cytology tests administered between 2003 and 2016 that were funded through the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) program for low-income, uninsured women entitled the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP). In the state of Arizona, the program is called the Well Women HealthCheck Program (WWHP). Logistic regression was used to identify increased risk of dysplasia, including low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL/ICC), and multinomial logistic regression was used to assess increased likelihood for LSIL and HSIL/ICC as separate categories.Results: In the crude analysis, Hispanic ethnicity was modestly associated with higher prevalence of LSIL (odds ratio (OR)=1.39, 95% CI=1.01– 1.91), but this association was not statistically significant after adjusting for confounders. However, in the final models, lower income was independently associated with LSIL (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.55, 95% CI=1.30– 1.44), while smoking (aOR=2.88, 95% CI=1.21– 6.84) and no history of Pap test within five years (aOR=3.54, 95% CI=1.61– 6.99) were independently associated with HSIL.Conclusion: After adjusting for confounding in a sample of low-income women with comparable Pap screening rates, ethnicity was not associated with greater prevalence of abnormal pap smears. However, other variables were independently associated with LSIL and HSIL. The higher proportion of LSIL cases among lower income individuals compared to those with higher incomes, and the higher proportion of HSIL cases observed among those screened least regularly stresses the importance of programs like WWHP: programs that target low-income, uninsured women. These programs help save lives.Keywords: low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, well women health check program, national breast and cervical cancer early detection program, COVID-19

Eva Jacobs,1 Rachel Senden,2 Christopher McCrum,2,3 Lodewijk W van Rhijn,1 Kenneth Meijer,2 Paul C Willems1 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht 6229 HX, the Netherlands; 2Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; 3Institute of Movement and Sport Gerontology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany Background: An important goal in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) is the prevention of new vertebral fractures and the subsequent progression to global sagittal malalignment. Current conservative treatment is multimodal and comprises analgesics, medication for osteoporosis, and physical therapy. However, little is known about the value of orthoses in the treatment of OVCFs.Aims: The primary purpose of this study was to examine the direct effect of a semirigid thoracolumbar orthosis on gait in patients suffering from an OVCF. The secondary purpose was to evaluate changes in gait, radiographic sagittal alignment, pain, and quality of life over time.Methods: Fifteen postmenopausal patients with an OVCF were treated with a semirigid thoracolumbar orthosis. At baseline, after 6 weeks, and after 6 months, gait analysis was performed with a dual belt–instrumented treadmill with a 180° projection screen providing a virtual environment (computer-assisted rehabilitation environment) combined with clinical and radiographic assessments.Results: At baseline, bracing caused a significantly more upright posture during walking and patients walked faster, with larger strides, longer stride times, and lower cadence compared to walking without orthosis. After 6 weeks, radiographic and dynamic sagittal alignment had improved compared to baseline. The observed effect was gone after 6 months, when the orthosis was not worn anymore.Conclusion: A semirigid thoracolumbar orthosis seems to have a positive effect on gait and stability in patients suffering from an OVCF, as was shown by a more upright posture, which may result in decreased compressive loading of the vertebrae. For studying the true effectiveness of dynamic bracing in the treatment of OVCFs, a prospective, randomized controlled trial will be needed. Keywords: osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF), orthosis, dynamic bracing, sagittal alignment, trunk motion, gait analysis, computer assisted rehabilitation environment

ObjectiveExercise is one of the most potent strategies available to support cognitive health with age, yet substantial variability exists. Sexual dimorphism is evident for brain and immune functioning, the latter being implicated as important pathway for exercise. We examined the moderating role of sex on the relationship between physical activity and systemic inflammatory and brain health outcomes in support of more personalized approaches to behavioral interventions.MethodsOur discovery cohort included 45 typically aging women matched on age (±5y) and education (±2y) to 45 men (mean age = 72.5; Clinical Dementia Rating = 0) who completed self-reported current physical activity (Physical Activity Scale for Elderly), blood draw, neuropsychological evaluation, and brain MRI. An independent sample of 45 typically aging women and 36 men who completed the same measures comprised a replication cohort. Plasma was analyzed for 11 proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine markers via MesoScale Discovery.ResultsDiscovery cohort: Reported physical activity did not differ between sexes (150 vs. 157, p = 0.72). There was a significant interaction between sex and physical activity on chemokine markers MDC, MIP-1b, MCP-4, and eotaxin-3 (ps

Leading groups can be challenging and difficult. Leading groups in which members are involuntary and negative increases the level of difficulty and creates new dynamics in the group leading process. This article proposes specific skills and strategies for dealing with three specific issues related to involuntary members in groups: groups where all members are involuntary; groups where some members are involuntary; and groups with open membership where involuntary members join groups that are already in progress. The emphasis is on leaders using creative and multi-sensory interventions to insure that members are actively engaged in the group process.

This article presents an overview of the use of impact therapy, a multisensory, creative approach to counseling, in a consultation project the authors conducted with the managers of a local car dealership. The purpose of the consultation was to help the managers with the stress and anxiety associated with working in the car sales industry. Principles of impact therapy, including counseling theory and creative techniques, as well as principles of executive coaching, were used throughout the consultation project.