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Background: Passiflora L. is a genus belonging to the Passifloraceae family, with many species widely used in folk medicine and several pharmacological activities described in the scien-tific literature, being a major target for the development of new therapeutic products. Studies have identified several bioactive compounds in their composition as responsible for these activities, mainly C-glycoside flavonoids. Objective: The aim of this study was to carry out a review of patents related to the genus and its ap-plication in several pharmacological activities, important for the development of new drugs and formulations. Method: The search was carried out in 5 specialized databases, INPI, EPO, WIPO, Latipat and Derwent, using the term ‘Passiflora’ combined with ‘A61K and A61P', subclasses of section A of the International Patent Classification (IPC), which are destined to medical, dental or hygienic pur-poses, and therapeutic activity of chemical compounds or medicinal preparation, respectively. Results: 1,198 patents citing the genus in the title or abstract have been found, 508 being duplicates. After exclusion and inclusion criteria, 23 patents written in English, Portuguese and Spanish were selected, which demonstrated biological assays in vivo with species of Passiflora as the only active constituent or incorporated in formulations with other compounds. Conclusion: The findings of this search showed growing interest in research and industrial areas in the pharmaceutical development with species of Passiflora, suggesting that the different bioactive compounds present in the genus can be considered as an important tool for the development of new effective and safe products with pharmacological potential.

Pain and inflammation are unpleasant experiences that usually occur as a result of tissue damage. Despite the number of existing analgesic drugs, side effects limit their use, stimulating the search for new therapeutic agents. In this sense, five hydrazone derivatives (H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5), with general structure R1R2C = NNR3R4, were synthesized with molecular modification strategies. In this paper, we describe the ability of hydrazone derivatives to attenuate nociceptive behavior and the inflammatory response in mice. Antinociceptive activity was evaluated through acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin-induced nociception tests. In both experimental models, the hydrazone with the greatest potency (H5) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced nociceptive behavior. Additionally, methods of acute and chronic inflammation induced by different chemicals (carrageenan and histamine) were performed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of H5. Moreover, molecular docking analysis revealed that H5 can block the COX-2 enzyme, reducing arachidonic acid metabolism and consequently decreasing the production of prostaglandins, which are important inflammatory mediators. H5 also changes locomotor activity. In summary, H5 exhibited relevant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential and acted on several targets, making it a candidate for a new multi-target oral anti-inflammatory drug.

O tratamento de enfermidades à base de plantas medicinais é uma prática antiga e que vem ganhando especial atenção na área da ciência médica, sobretudo, na medicina veterinária, onde vários estudos científicos já comprovaram a eficácia de inúmeras plantas como possível alternativa ao uso de fármacos convencionais. Nesta perspectiva, o objetivo dessa revisão de literatura foi reunir estudos científicos realizados no Brasil sobre a eficácia terapêutica de plantas medicinais com possível aplicação na medicina veterinária. Para tal, foram selecionados 114 artigos (pesquisados nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico, SciELO, PubMed, Science Direct e MEDLINE) para compor essa revisão. Foram comprovadas as atividades biológicas de mais de 70 plantas, concluindo-se que as plantas são alternativas eficientes e seguras para o tratamento de doenças na medicina veterinária.

Passiflora cincinnata Mast. is described as a native species from the Caatinga biome, and used by traditional medicine for several pharmacological purposes, such as inflammatory disorders. However, studies that prove its biological activities are scarce.This paper aims to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the aerial parts of Passiflora cincinnata (Pc-EtOH) in mice.The chemical composition of Pc-EtOH was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The antinociceptive profile of the extract (given orally: 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was established using the in vivo chemical models (acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction and formalin-induced paw licking test) and thermal (hot plate test) of nociception. The role of opioid, potassium channels, TRPV-1, muscarinic, serotoninergic (5-HTThe presence of flavonoids in the extract was confirmed using HPLC-DAD. At all doses tested the Pc-EtOH significantly reduced the number of writhing and decreased the paw licking time in both phases of the formalin test (p 0.05). In the hot plate test, the extract increased the reaction time, reducing painful behavior. The antinociceptive mechanism probably involves central and peripheral pathways, involving the pathway of opioid and muscarinic receptors with influence of potassium channels and the nitric oxide pathway. However, the motor coordination test indicated that in the time of 120 min the extract decreases the stay time of the animal in the rota-rod. Pc-EtOH inhibited significantly (p 0.05) the increase of the edema volume after administration of carrageenan and histamine. In the peritonitis test, acute pre-treatment with Pc-EtOH inhibited leukocyte migration, with a reduction in the number of neutrophils and concentration of total proteins and nitric oxide.The present study suggests that Pc-EtOH possesses peripheral and central antinociceptive action, and showed potential in inhibition of release of mediators of the inflammatory process.