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Men at risk of suicide often face difficulties with finances, employment, or housing, yet support services are usually psychologically based. This study evaluated the Hope service which provides integrated psychosocial support alongside practical, financial and specialist advice. To examine how the Hope service supports men at risk of suicide and factors that influence its impact and usefulness. Twenty-six qualitative interviews with 16 service users, six Hope staff, two specialist money advice workers funded to work for Hope and two NHS referral staff, thematically analysed. The Hope service provided an essential service for men at risk of suicide, with complex needs including addiction, job loss, homelessness, debt, relationship-breakdown and bereavement who often would otherwise have fallen through service provision gaps. Working in a person-centred, non-judgemental way elicited trust and specialist advice tackled problems such as housing needs, debt, benefit claims and employment, enabling men to regain a sense of control over their lives. Some men shared histories of abuse, for which specialist counselling was hard to access. Hope provides an effective integrated support package for suicidal men. Funding for services like Hope are important to tackle structural issues such as homelessness and debt, alongside emotional support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Celiac disease (CD), an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten, impacts about one percent of the population. Only one-third receive a diagnosis, leaving the majority unaware of their condition. Untreated CD can lead to gut lining damage, resulting in malnutrition, anemia, and osteoporosis. Our primary goal was to identify at-risk groups and assess the cost-effectiveness of active case finding in primary care. Methods: Our methodology involved systematic reviews and meta-analyses focusing on the accuracy of CD risk factors (chronic conditions and symptoms) and diagnostic tests (serological and genetic). Prediction models, based on identified risk factors, were developed for identifying individuals who would benefit from CD testing in routine primary care. Additionally, an online survey gauged individuals' preferences regarding diagnostic certainty before initiating a gluten-free diet. This information informed the development of economic models evaluating the cost-effectiveness of various active case finding strategies. Results: Individuals with dermatitis herpetiformis, a family history of CD, migraine, anemia, type 1 diabetes, osteoporosis, or chronic liver disease showed one and a half to two times higher risk of having CD. IgA tTG, and EMA demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy. Genetic tests showed high sensitivity but low specificity. Survey results indicated substantial variation in preference for certainty from a blood test before initiating a gluten-free diet. Cost-effectiveness analyses showed that, in adults, IgA tTG at a one percent pre-test probability (equivalent to population screening) was the most cost effective. For non-population screening strategies, IgA EMA plus HLA was most cost effective. There was substantial uncertainty in economic model results. Conclusions: While population-based screening with IgA tTG appears the most cost effective in adults, decisions for implementation should not solely rely on economic analyses. Future research should explore whether population-based CD screening aligns with UK National Screening Committee criteria and requires a long-term randomized controlled trial of screening strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research examines an unobtrusive measure of racial attitudes based on the evaluations that are automatically activated from memory on the presentation of Black versus White faces. Study 1, which concerned the technique's validity, obtained different attitude estimates for Black and White participants and also revealed that the variability among White participants was predictive of other race-related judgments and behavior. Study 2 concerned the lack of correspondence between the unobtrusive estimates and Modern Racism Scale (MRS) scores. The reactivity of the MRS was demonstrated in Study 3. Study 4 observed an interaction between the unobtrusive estimates and an individual difference in motivation to control prejudiced reactions when predicting MRS scores. The theoretical implications of the findings for consideration of automatic and controlled components of racial prejudice are discussed, as is the status of the MRS.

Background: Evidence of an association between exposure to domestic violence and abuse (DVA) and use of emergency contraception (EC) is lacking in the UK.Aim: To quantify the association between exposure to DVA and consultations for EC in general practice.Design and Setting: Nested case-control study in UK general practice.Method: Using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, the authors identified all women all women aged 15-49 years registered with a GP between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2016. Cases with consultations for EC (n = 43 570) were each matched on age and GP against four controls with no consultations for EC (n = 174 280). The authors calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between exposure to DVA in the previous year and consultations for EC. Covariates included age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, pregnancy, children, alcohol misuse, and depression.Results: Women exposed to DVA were 2.06 times more likely to have a consultation for EC than unexposed women (95% CI = 1.64 to 2.61). Women aged 25-39 years with exposure to DVA were 2.8 times more likely to have a consultation for EC, compared with unexposed women (95% CI = 2.08 to 3.75). The authors found some evidence of an independent effect of exposure to DVA on the number of consultations for EC (OR 1.48, 95% CI = 0.99 to 2.21).Conclusion: A request for EC in general practice can indicate possible exposure to DVA. Primary care consultation for EC is a relevant context for identifying and responding to DVA as recommended by the World Health Organization and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines. DVA training for providers of EC should include this new evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Certain marketing tactics make people feel "creepy" because they are invasive and may violate social norms. People's concerns about how their personal data is collected and used may be heightened as companies ' ability to collect and use personal data increases. One way to allay people's concerns is to build a relationship, a friendship that might moderate concerns about intrusive tactics. Two hundred twenty-three participants evaluated three vignettes describing scenarios where marketers collect and share personal data. Participants felt most creepy when brands collected and shared personal data publicly. Having a relationship (brandfriend) may moderate feelings of creepiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our lives are being quantified by algorithms that are hidden from view. This paper explores the various ways in which algorithms fuel biased decision making. Algorithms are used to profile and predict people's behavior, presumably in a neutral manner. However, algorithms may be tainted by our biases in covert and subtle ways that can have a significant impact on people's lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Big data is the massive amounts of data produced by us and about us. When companies use big data to reach us, we may feel a strong emotional bond with the company, similar to the bonds of a close friendship. Or, we may be left feeling creepy. An exploratory analysis was conducted to examine people's relationships with and feelings toward companies and their use of big data. This paper presents the results of this exploratory analysis and provides a number of suggestions about how companies might create strong bonds with people, without making them feel creepy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]