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1. Enhanced Liberation of Soluble Sugar, Protein, and R-Phycoerythrin Under Enzyme-Assisted Extraction on Dried and Fresh Gracilaria gracilis Biomass

Author

Hengsim Phuong, Anthony Massé, Justine Dumay, Laurent Vandanjon, Hasika Mith, Jack Legrand, and Abdellah Arhaliass

Subjects
Gracilaria gracilis, R-phycoerythrin (R-PE), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), enzyme cocktail, bio-refinery, Technology, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

This study aims to investigate the bio-refinery process through an enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) on freeze-dried and fresh macroalgae Gracilaria gracilis for the release of water-soluble components (R-phycoerythrin, proteins, and sugar). Three enzymes, cellulase, protease, and enzyme cocktail (mixture of cellulase and protease), were applied in the study. Results showed that freeze-dried biomass yielded the highest target components in the presence of enzyme cocktail while a single enzyme was better with fresh biomass, either protease for the release of R-PE and protein or cellulase for sugar. The extraction of protein and sugar was improved by 43% and 57%, respectively, from fresh biomass compared to dried biomass. The difference of biomass status was shown to affect the required enzyme and recovery yield during the extraction process. Employing an enzyme cocktail on freeze-dried biomass boosted the extraction yield, which was probably due to the complementary effect between enzymes. On the other hand, single enzyme worked better on fresh biomass, giving economic benefits (enzyme limitation and drying stage) for further implementation of the bio-refinery process. Thus, biomass treatment (fresh or freeze-dried) and enzyme-type determined the efficiency of enzyme-assisted extraction according to the target components.

Published
2022
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2. Impact of Dropwise Condensation on the Biomass Production Rate in Covered Raceway Ponds

Author

Jack Hoeniges, Keyong Zhu, Jeremy Pruvost, Jack Legrand, El-khider Si-Ahmed, and Laurent Pilon

Subjects
light transfer, photobioreactor, biofuel, bioprocess engineering, design, modeling, Technology
Abstract

This study investigates the effect of condensed water droplets on the areal biomass productivity of outdoor culture systems with a free surface, protected by a transparent window or cover to prevent contamination and to control the growth conditions. Under solar radiation, evaporation from the culture causes droplets to condense on the interior surface of the cover. To quantify the effect of droplets on the system’s performance, the bidirectional transmittance of a droplet-covered window was predicted using the Monte Carlo ray-tracing method. It was combined with a growth kinetics model of Chlorella vulgaris to predict the temporal evolution of the biomass concentration on 21 June and 23 September in Los Angeles, CA. A droplet contact angle of 30∘ or 90∘ and a surface area coverage of 50% or 90% were considered. Light scattering by the condensed droplets changed the direction of the incident sunlight while reducing the amount of light reaching the culture by up to 37%. The combined effect decreased the daily areal biomass productivity with increasing droplet contact angle and surface area coverage by as much as 18%. Furthermore, the areal biomass productivity of the system was found to scale with the ratio X0/a of the initial biomass concentration X0 and the specific illuminated area a, as previously established for different photobioreactor geometries, but even in the presence of droplets. Finally, for a given day of the year, the optical thickness of the culture that yielded the maximum productivity was independent of the window condition. Thus, the design and operation of such a system should focus on maintaining a small droplet contact angle and surface area coverage and an optimum optical thickness to maximize productivity.

Published
2021
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3. IMPACT OF THERMAL TREATMENT ON THE PROPERTIES OF THE PROTEIC FOAMS

Author

Alain Riaublanc, Catherine Loisel, Gholamreza Djelveh, Christophe Vial, Irina Nicorescu, and Jack Legrand

Subjects
bubbling, protein aggregates, thermal treatment, whey proteins, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

The food foams are "whipped" products that have recently experienced significant growth in the food industry. They are appreciated by consumers for their creamy texture, taste and visual aspect. Whey proteins are particularly common ingredients in the formulation of food foams because of their functional properties (foaming properties, interfacial, emulsifying). Denaturation and aggregation of whey proteins further to a heat treatment, allows the improvement of these properties by creating protein aggregates with targeted properties. The objective of this study is to understand the impact of the intensity of heat treatment applied to a protein solution on the aggregation of proteins (proportion, size and morphology of protein assemblies) and on their foaming properties in order to better control the use properties of foamed products stabilized by whey protein aggregates (WPI). In this work, a 2% w/v of whey proteins in the presence of salt (50 mM NaCl) was heated in an Actijoule type tubular heat exchanger at 80, 90 and 100 °C. Native and denatured solutions of WPI were characterized by microcalorimetry ( DSC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), diffusion light scattering (DLS), electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). To assess the impact of thermal treatment on the foaming ability of protein solutions, a bubbling method has been employed. The experimental results showed that as far as the heating temperature is increased, it promotes the aggregation of proteins into oligomers which then are forming soluble aggregates of about 160 nm in diameter. We have also observed that the increase of this fraction is a continuous function of temperature for solutions treated up to 100 °C. However, the amount of insoluble aggregates formed reaches a maximum when the heat treatment temperature is 90 °C. Finally, we showed by SDS-PAGE that the soluble and insoluble aggregates are stabilized by disulfide bridges and microscopically we found that insoluble aggregates are dense and highly branched. With regard to the foaming properties of proteins, the formation of the foam was very dependent on the thermal treatment applied to protein solutions. Our results demonstrate as well that the time of bubbling is clearly correlated with the proportion of insoluble proteins and for this reason, a thermal treatment at 90 °C that leads to a significant increase of the proportion of insoluble aggregates, retards foam formation. Also,  Lactoglobulin and -Lactalbumin monomers existing in the protein solutions before bubbling, appear to play a crucial role. Thus, we observed that native WPI solutions lead to the formation of dry foams, while the WPI solutions heated to temperatures of at least 80 °C lead rather to the formation of wet foams.

Published
2011

4. Effect of Processing Variables and Enzymatic Activity on Wheat Flour Dough Extruded Under Different Operating Conditions

Author

Roma Giuliani, Antonio Derossi, Carla Severini, Teresa De Pilli, and Jack Legrand

Subjects
amylase, enzymes, extrusion, protease, wheat flour, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

Low processing temperatures are required to improve the texture of products when enzymes are directly added to the extruder. Interaction among processing variables and enzymatic activity can occur during extrusion. In this research, the influence of some extrusion parameters (barrel temperature, dough moisture and screw speed) on the activity of two commercial enzymes (Grindamyl Amylase 1000 and Grindamyl Protease 41) has been studied. Wheat flour was used as a model system, and macromolecular degradation was determined by water solubility index (WSI). Moreover, gelatinization degree and die pressure were evaluated. Results showed that barrel temperature affected enzyme activity. High values of WSI were obtained at high barrel temperature using Grindamyl Protease 41. When Grindamyl Amylase 1000 was used, low values of starch gelatinization were obtained. The activity of both enzymes was negatively affected by high values of dough moisture.

Published
2009

8. Comparative study on photosynthetic and antioxidant activities of Haematococcus pluvialis vegetative and resting cells: UVA light-induced stimulation

Author

Meriem Ben Hamouda, Adnane Kacem, Lotfi Achour, Youssef Krichen, Jack Legrand, Dominique Grizeau, and Catherine Dupré

Subjects
Chlorophyta, Superoxide Dismutase, Ultraviolet Rays, Microalgae, General Medicine, Catalase, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Antioxidants, Biotechnology
Abstract

Aim This study aims to determine how photosynthetic and antioxidant activities vary in vegetative and dormant cells of Haematococcus pluvialis subjected to stresses in conditions representative of industrial productions of microalgae under solar light. Methods and Results The effects of short-term oxidative treatments were examined on photosynthetic and antioxidant activities of Haematococcus pluvialis vegetative and resting cells. The vegetative cells have 1.6 times higher levels of phenolic compounds, but 1.7 times less catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities than the astaxanthin-enriched resting cells. Mainly, a UVA dose of 4 J cm−2 induced increases in photosystem II electron transport rates (ETRmax) (+15%), phenolic compounds (+15%), astaxanthin (+48%), catalase (+45%) and superoxide dismutase (+30%) activities in vegetative cells. Conclusion The UVA dose strongly stimulates the photosynthetic and antioxidant activities of vegetative cells, but only the accumulation of astaxanthin in resting cells. Significance and Impact of the Study These preliminary results show that oxidative stresses at sub-lethal levels can stimulate the activities of microalgae. Further investigations are needed to estimate the real influence on metabolite productivities in industrial production conditions.

Published
2022
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12. Passive thermal regulation approach for Algofilm © photobioreactor through phase change

Author

Zakaria Larbi, Jack Legrand, Kashif Hussain Mangi, El-Khider Si-Ahmed, and Jeremy Pruvost

Subjects
Materials science, Steady state, Infrared, 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Condensation, Photobioreactor, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Volumetric flow rate, law.invention, law, Mass transfer, Thermal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Filtration
Abstract

This study deals with the development of a self-sustained passive thermal regulation technique in Algofilm © solar photobioreactor. The reported experimental investigation includes, the evaluation of an average equivalent condensate film thickness, in indoor operating conditions, as function of the flowing liquid Tl and ambient Tamb temperatures, inclination angle ϕ as well as air flowrate. For instance, an average condensate film thickness of 2.2 ± 0.2 mm at Tl = 50 °C, for liquid flow rate of 0.08 l/s and ϕ = 4° in steady state conditions was recorded. Furthermore, a correlation estimating the condensation rate as function of the flowing liquid and ambient temperatures, was developed. A theoretical, heat and mass transfer model was proposed and validated with the indoor experimental results. The numerical predictions of the model adapted to a simulated sunny day were in good agreement with the experimental recordings. This validation evidenced the model applicability to real solar conditions, where an accurate evaluation of the condensed water is required for predicting the infrared filtration.

Published
2021
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13. A review on photobioreactor design and modelling for microalgae production

Author

Jack Legrand, Arnaud Artu, and Jeremy Pruvost

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, 0303 health sciences, Computer science, Biological modeling, Process (engineering), Process Chemistry and Technology, Complex system, Photobioreactor, 01 natural sciences, Catalysis, 03 medical and health sciences, Chemistry (miscellaneous), Kinetic growth, 010608 biotechnology, Industrial culture, Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous), Production (economics), Biochemical engineering, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

A microorganism culture process is a complex system in which physical operating parameters and biological responses strongly interact. Mathematical formulation and modelling of the different phenomena involved in the process enable a better understanding of the behaviour of the process, and therefore enable the process parameters to be defined accordingly. The contribution of a model, even a simple one, is highly beneficial to the understanding of the process. The definition of a model for the particular case of photobioreactors is not easy, however, and requires the integration of multiple and often complex knowledge. This article reports a review on the biological aspects of the photosynthetic microorganisms culture necessary to model kinetic growths, the designs of photobioreactor used for deep analysis of the physiologic aspects of the microalgae culture and for the industrial culture. The different approaches to model the kinetic growth are described together with the modelling of the radiative field and its coupling to a simple biological model in order to illustrate the particular influence of the light factor, which is the main specific feature of photobioreactors.

Published
2021
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17. Impact of Dropwise Condensation on the Biomass Production Rate in Covered Raceway Ponds

Author

Jeremy Pruvost, Jack Legrand, Keyong Zhu, El-Khider Si-Ahmed, Jack Hoeniges, and Laurent Pilon

Subjects
endocrine system, Control and Optimization, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, design, Evaporation, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Biomass, Photobioreactor, Soil science, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, complex mixtures, lcsh:Technology, light transfer, Contact angle, photobioreactor, Transmittance, Raceway, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Engineering (miscellaneous), bioprocess engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, lcsh:T, technology, industry, and agriculture, modeling, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, eye diseases, Productivity (ecology), Free surface, Environmental science, biofuel, 0210 nano-technology, Energy (miscellaneous)
Abstract

This study investigates the effect of condensed water droplets on the areal biomass productivity of outdoor culture systems with a free surface, protected by a transparent window or cover to prevent contamination and to control the growth conditions. Under solar radiation, evaporation from the culture causes droplets to condense on the interior surface of the cover. To quantify the effect of droplets on the system&rsquo, s performance, the bidirectional transmittance of a droplet-covered window was predicted using the Monte Carlo ray-tracing method. It was combined with a growth kinetics model of Chlorella vulgaris to predict the temporal evolution of the biomass concentration on 21 June and 23 September in Los Angeles, CA. A droplet contact angle of 30∘ or 90∘ and a surface area coverage of 50% or 90% were considered. Light scattering by the condensed droplets changed the direction of the incident sunlight while reducing the amount of light reaching the culture by up to 37%. The combined effect decreased the daily areal biomass productivity with increasing droplet contact angle and surface area coverage by as much as 18%. Furthermore, the areal biomass productivity of the system was found to scale with the ratio X0/a of the initial biomass concentration X0 and the specific illuminated area a, as previously established for different photobioreactor geometries, but even in the presence of droplets. Finally, for a given day of the year, the optical thickness of the culture that yielded the maximum productivity was independent of the window condition. Thus, the design and operation of such a system should focus on maintaining a small droplet contact angle and surface area coverage and an optimum optical thickness to maximize productivity.

Published
2021

18. Onset of intermittent flow: Visualization of flow structures

Author

Abderraouf Arabi, Amina Bouderbal, Youcef Zenati, El-Khider Si-Ahmed, Jack Legrand, Yacine Salhi, Direction Centrale Recherche et Développement, SONATRACH, Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Fluid Mechanics, LMFTA, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene USTHB, Physics' Faculty, Ingénierie des Biopolymères pour la Structuration de Matrices et des Matériaux (SFR IBSM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
Pressure drop, Flow visualization, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, Plug flow, Superficial velocity, General Chemical Engineering, Chemical technology, Flow (psychology), fungi, education, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, TP1-1185, 01 natural sciences, Signal, Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Fuel Technology, 020401 chemical engineering, 0103 physical sciences, HD9502-9502.5, 0204 chemical engineering
Abstract

International audience; The transition from stratified to intermittent air-water two-phase flow was investigated experimentally, by flow visualization and pressure drop signals analyses, in a 30 mm ID pipe. The intermittent flow’s onset was found to be mainly dependent on the liquid superficial velocity and the pipe diameter. Plug flow, Less Aerated Slug (LAS) or Highly Aerated Slug (HAS) flows could be obtained on the gas superficial velocity grounds. The available models, compared to experiments, could not predict adequately the intermittent flow onset. The appearance of liquid slugs was revealed by peaks in the pressure drop signal. Furthermore, it was shown that the available slug frequency correlations were not valid in the zone of the onset of intermittent flow.

Published
2021
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19. IBISBA-FR : Une infrastructure en soutien au développement de la biotechnologie industrielle comme technologie clef pour l’industrie du futur et pour accompagner la bioéconomie et l’économie circulaire

Author

Nicolas Bernet, Sophie Bozonnet, Fayza Daboussi, Véronique de Berardinis, Jean-Loup Faulon, Diana Garcia-Bernet, Gabriel Gras, Jack Legrand, Francoise Ouarné, Yonghua Li-Beisson, Olivier Rolland, Yannick Saintigny, Mathieu Sperandio, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Marie-Ange Teste, Emmanuelle Trévisiol, Gilles Truan, Sonia Debeche, Michael O'Donohue

Published
2021
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21. Effect of colony formation on light absorption by Botryococcus braunii

Author

Chuanxin Zhang, Razmig Kandilian, Jeremy Pruvost, Jack Hoeniges, Dominique Grizeau, Laurent Pilon, Jack Legrand, Université de Nantes (UN), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California, Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, biology, Chemistry, 020209 energy, Dispersity, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Ray, Wavelength, Pigment, Photosynthetically active radiation, visual_art, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Botryococcus braunii, visual_art.visual_art_medium, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Agronomy and Crop Science, Distributed ray tracing, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; This study elucidates the effect of colony formation on light absorption by Botryococcus braunii microalgae cells. The spectral average mass absorption cross-section of suspensions of B. braunii cultures with free-floating cells or colonies was measured experimentally across the photosynthetically active radiation region. The average mass absorption cross-section was found to decrease significantly across the spectrum in the presence of colonies. This observation could be attributed to (i) reduced pigment concentrations due to nutrient limitations, (ii) mutual shading of the aggregated cells, and/or (iii) the presence of the colonies' extracellular matrix. The Monte Carlo ray tracing method was used to elucidate the contribution of each of these phenomena on the mass absorption cross-section of cells in colonies. Colonies were modeled either as fractal aggregates of monodisperse cells or as an ensemble of monodisperse cells regularly arranged at the periphery of a hollow sphere embedded in a spherical extracellular matrix or as a volume and average projected area equivalent coated sphere. The change in pigment concentrations due to nutrient limitation was found to be the most important factor. In addition, the mass absorption cross-section of cells in colonies was found to decrease due to mutual shading among cells. This effect was stronger with increasing number of cells in the colony and increasing cell absorption index. The effect of extracellular matrix on the mass absorption cross-section was found to be negligible. Finally, good agreement was found between the equivalent coated sphere approximation and the colonies modeled as fractal aggregates comprised of monodisperse cells. This study also established that the Monte Carlo ray tracing method can be used for a variety of microalgae species and colony configurations, whose absorption cross-section are not readily calculated by standard methods due to their complex geometry, inhomogeneous nature, and large size compared to the wavelength of the incident light.

Published
2020
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22. On gas-liquid intermittent flow in a horizontal pipe: Influence of sub-regime on slug frequency

Author

Abderraouf Arabi, Y. Zenati, Yacine Salhi, El-Khider Si-Ahmed, Jack Legrand, USTHB, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides Théorique et Appliquée (LMFTA), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)

Subjects
Pressure drop, Work (thermodynamics), Atmospheric pressure, Applied Mathematics, General Chemical Engineering, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, Flow (psychology), Spectral density, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020401 chemical engineering, law, Flow map, 0204 chemical engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Spark plug, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Dimensionless quantity
Abstract

Among the intrinsic parameters identified in intermittent gas-liquid flows; slug frequency is known as the most complicated one to model. The present work concerns the investigation of slug frequency for various sub-regimes which might be found in intermittent flow. Experiments, near atmospheric pressure conditions, were carried out in a 13-meter long horizontal pipe with a 30 mm inside diameter. The study involved plug regime, less aerated slug and highly aerated slug flows. Comparison between different methods of slug frequency quantification, from pressure drop signal, was performed with counting, Wilkens & Thomas as well as the Power Spectral Density (PSD) methods. PSD was found to be the best method for slug frequency measurements. A new flow map, using dimensionless numbers as coordinates for the sub-regimes distinction, was established. After performing substantial comparisons between the present results and models available in the literature a new correlation is proposed including the sub-regime types.

Published
2020
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23. Microalgal biomass of industrial interest: methods of characterization

Author

Marilyne Fauchon, Hugh D. Burrows, Cédric Delattre, Clément Gaignard, Makoto Watanabe, Maria G. Maria G. Campos, Telma Encarnação, Céline Laroche, Alberto A. C. C. Pais, Jack Legrand, Junko Ito, Catherine Dupré, Guillaume Pierre, Claire Hellio, Benoît Serive, Philippe Michaud, Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Centro de Química, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, CQC, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Institut Pascal (IP), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plateforme technologique BIODIMAR, Université de Brest (UBO), Algae Biomass and Energy System R&D Center, University of Tsukuba, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Phophorylation de protéines et Pathologies Humaines (P3H), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the ANR POLYSALGUE project, grant ANR-15-CE21-0013 of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche.Benoît Serive was supported by a Marie Skłodowska-Curie International Outgoing Fellowship (grant #622735) within the 7th European Community Framework Program., Ange Nzihou, ANR-15-CE21-0013,POLYSALGUE,Criblage, Identification et mise en oeuvre de polysaccharides de microalgues comme actifs biologiques et hydrocolloïdes(2015), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Cyanobacteria, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Microorganism, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], biowaste and by-products, Biomass, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, Condensables and liquid compounds analysis, 03 medical and health sciences, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Particle matters characterization, biology, Chemistry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Extraction (chemistry), Biogas and syngas characterization, OS, Biomass and Biowaste characterization, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; Microalgae represent a new source of biomass for many applications. The advantage of microalgae over higher plants is their high productivities. The photoautotrophic microalgae include all photosynthetic microorganisms, i.e. Cyanobacteria (prokaryotes) or microalgae (eukaryotes). These microorganisms are characterized by a large biodiversity and chimiodiversity. Then, the analysis of microalgal and cyanobacterial biomass often needs specific adaptations of the classical protocols for extraction as well as for quantification of their contents. This chapter reviewed the main analytical methods used for the analysis of microalgae biomass and its main vaporizable compounds: proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, pigments and secondary metabolites.

Published
2020
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24. Reuse of waste animal fat in biodiesel: Biorefining heavily-degraded contaminant-rich waste animal fat and formulation as diesel fuel additive

Author

Mbalo Ndiaye, Anthony Kerihuel, Guillaume Roelens, Jack Legrand, Abdellah Arhaliass, Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), and Sol3D (S3D)

Subjects
Vacuum distillation, 020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, Combustion, Diesel engine, complex mixtures, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Diesel fuel, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0601 history and archaeology, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Biorefining, Distillation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Refining (metallurgy), Biodiesel, 060102 archaeology, Waste management, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, technology, industry, and agriculture, 06 humanities and the arts, 13. Climate action, Environmental science
Abstract

Here we report a study on the technical feasibility of using purified animal fat as additive in a diesel fuel for internal combustion engines. The objective is to obtain a base fat with contaminant-free and ready to be diluted in petroleum diesel to obtain a diesel fuel blend with acceptable characteristics in terms of engine-system tolerances. A crude fat refining process composed of a vacuum distillation step and a glycerolysis step to convert the free fatty acids (FFA) recovered from distillation step into triglycerides (TAG) is used. Parametric study to determine the optimal purification-process conditions are used. The TAG obtained after a refining step, is then blended with standard diesel. A satisfactory formulation has already been used to power a system-equipped (converted) diesel engine, and blend ratio of up to 40% in standard diesel perform well enough to run the target engine. The results of this study show that this approach is technically feasible and economically interesting for recovering this waste into fuel. Moreover, it permits a decrease of the fuel carbon balance.

Published
2020

25. Slug length and frequency upstream a sudden expansion in gas-liquid intermittent flow

Author

El-Khider Si-Ahmed, Youcef Zenati, Abderraouf Arabi, Abdelhalim Zitouni, Yacine Salhi, Jack Legrand, Research Center in Industrial Technologies (CRTI), USTHB, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides Théorique et Appliquée (LMFTA), Centre de Recherche et Développement (SONATRACH), Sonatrach [Alger], Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)

Subjects
Work (thermodynamics), Superficial velocity, Materials science, biology, Slug, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, Flow (psychology), 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, biology.organism_classification, Slug flow, 01 natural sciences, Aspect ratio (image), 6. Clean water, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020401 chemical engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Upstream (networking), 0204 chemical engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The purpose of this work is to analyze the influence of a sudden expansion on the upstream behavior of the horizontal gas-liquid slug flow. Measurements were made on a 40 mm ID pipe with and without a sudden enlargement of aspect ratio σ = 0.444. The experiments were carried out with two-phase air-water mixture. The slug lengths and frequencies were measured using a non-intrusive video technique. Upstream the sudden enlargement, it was observed that the mixture velocity has no influence on slug length. The variation of slug frequency is found proportional to the liquid superficial velocity for the two cases within this study. It was also observed that the behavior of the slug length and frequency was affected by the presence of the sudden enlargement. The comparison of the results obtained with various empirical correlations available in the literature showed that the latter are not worthwhile in the case where singularity is installed.

Published
2020
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26. Valorization of Fish By-Products Using Reactive Extrusion for Biodiesel Production and Optimization

Author

Abdellah Arhaliass, Jack Legrand, Dounia Makoure, Adil Echchelh, Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), Université Ibn Tofaïl (UIT), and Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Biodiesel, Environmental Engineering, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Chemistry, 020209 energy, food and beverages, 02 engineering and technology, Transesterification, Reactive extrusion, Fish oil, Pulp and paper industry, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Diesel fuel, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Biofuel, 010608 biotechnology, Biodiesel production, Enzymatic hydrolysis, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

In this paper we present the reactive extrusion process as a method of lipids extraction from by-products of fish. The study focuses on two essential points which are by-product enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of three fish types, and the technical feasibility of producing a biodiesel from the fish lipids. The parameters of extrusion process were optimized in order to extract the more important percentage of oil. The results of the extracted oil from the three fish types were compared with other techniques such as batch process. Following the enzymatic hydrolysis, the chemical composition and the total fatty acids percentage are determined for each fish oil types in order to select the suitable oil for biodiesel production. Then the selected oil goes through transesterification, and we recover the methyl esters. The results of this study show that the enzymatic hydrolysis of the fish by-products by using the reactive extrusion process is interesting. Moreover, the valorization of fish by-products allows the marine waste recycling while producing biofuel. The produced biofuel can be used as an additive in a diesel fuel.

Published
2020
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27. Variation of fatty acids composition in the hydrocarbon producer Botryococcus braunii BOT 22

Author

Bahareh Sadeghin, Catherine Dupré, Mohammad-Hossein Sarrafzadeh, Dominique Grizeau, Makoto Watanabe, Jian Jin, and Jack Legrand

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Palmitic acid, chemistry.chemical_compound, 010608 biotechnology, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Botryococcus braunii, Food science, Waste Management and Disposal, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Forestry, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, Light intensity, Oleic acid, chemistry, Erucic acid, Biodiesel production, Stearic acid, Agronomy and Crop Science, Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Abstract

Botryococcus braunii Bot-22, a hydrocarbon rich microalga known as a potential source of jet fuel, was photoautotrophically grown in a beveled shape flat-panel photobioreactor in continuous cultures. Two photon flux densities (PFD) 50 and 500 μmol photons m−2 s−1, two dilution rates, 0.178 and 0.357 d−1 and two different inlet oxygen concentrations were applied to find suitable conditions for biodiesel production by B. braunii. The main fatty acids detected by GC-FID, were oleic acid, palmitic acid, α-linolenic acid, erucic acid and stearic acid. By doubling the dilution rate from 0.178 to 0.357 d−1 at 500 μmol photons m−2 s−1 light intensity, the PUFAs decreased from 17.65% to 9.98%. In lower dilution rate, the sum of suitable fatty acids percentage for biodiesel known as oleic, palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids was higher than all other conditions. In cell density lower than 6 g L−1, C16 and C18 fatty acids constituted main composition of microalgae oil content. The maximum productivity of suitable fatty acids for biodiesel mentioned above, all together, was achieved at higher dilution rate, 21% of inlet oxygen concentration and higher light intensity while the highest hydrocarbon productivity achieved at higher dilution rate, higher light intensity and 4% of inlet oxygen concentration.

Published
2018
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29. A Discussion on the Relation Between the Intermittent Flow Sub-Regimes and the Frictional Pressure Drop

Author

Jack Legrand, Yacine Salhi, Abderraouf Arabi, Youcef Zenati, and El-Khider Si-Ahmed

Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Pressure drop, Plug flow, Flow (mathematics), Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics, Condensed Matter Physics, Slug flow, Geology
Abstract

The influence of sub-regimes of intermittent flow on the pressure drop has been investigated. Two-phase, air-water, flow experiments were conducted on 30 mm ID pipe. The superficial velocities of the working fluids were chosen to cover three sub-regimes: Plug flow, Less Aerated Slug flow (LAS flow) and Highly Aerated Slug flow (HAS flow). The analysis of the experimental data, including the data drawn from the literature showed that the pressure drop depends on the flow sub-regime. A new empirical correlation, based on the Lockhart-Martinelli approach, taking into account the nature of sub-regime was proposed. The present correlations, in comparison with the existing correlations, give the best results.

Published
2021
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30. Experimental investigation of sudden expansion's influence on the hydrodynamic behavior of different sub-regimes of intermittent flow

Author

Abderraouf Arabi, Yacine Salhi, El-Khider Si-Ahmed, Youcef Zenati, and Jack Legrand

Subjects
Flow visualization, Pressure drop, Physics, Flow (psychology), 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, 01 natural sciences, Aspect ratio (image), Standard deviation, law.invention, Fuel Technology, Singularity, 020401 chemical engineering, law, 0204 chemical engineering, Spark plug, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Sub-regimes of intermittent two-phase flows through a sudden expansion have been investigated experimentally. Two pipes of 30 and 40 mm ID connected by a sudden expansion with aspect ratio σ = 0.562 were used. The study was concerned by Plug, Less Aerated Slug (LAS) and Highly Aerated Slug (HAS) flows. The flow visualization showed that the liquid slugs, for Plug and LAS flows, were broken after crossing the singularity which was not the case for HAS flow. However, in general the sub-regime observed on either side of the expansion was the same. Qualitative and quantitative analysis, by means of flow visualizations and standard deviation of pressure drop signals, showed that the flow presents less fluctuations downstream the singularity. Furthermore, the persistence of slug frequency depends on the nature of the sub-regime.

Published
2021
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31. Characterizing the Spoilage of Egg Products using Targeted and Non-targeted Approaches

Author

Rémy Coat, Gérald Thouand, Anne Thierry, Olivier Gonçalves, Abdellah Arhaliass, Ali Assaf, Patrick Giraudeau, Estelle Martineau, Frédérique Courant, Jack Legrand, Boris Gouilleux, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité : Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Deduction modulo, interopérabilité et démonstration automatique (DEDUCTEAM), Laboratoire Spécification et Vérification [Cachan] (LSV), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Laboratoire d'étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Olivier Goncalves, Jack Legrand, Traitement Eau Air Métrologie (GEPEA-TEAM), Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), and Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)

Subjects
Non targeted, Food industry, ovoproduit, Food spoilage, mass spectrum analysis, industrie agro-alimentaire, Egg product, Raw material, 01 natural sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, contamination, egg product, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, spectrométrie de masse, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, qualité microbiologique, securité alimentaire, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, contamination alimentaire, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, méthode de caractérisation, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Hygienic quality, Pulp and paper industry, 040401 food science, 0104 chemical sciences, Product (business), Whole egg, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, food contamination, oeuf, Environmental science, egg, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

An egg product is a complex matrix, mainly composed of water, proteins and lipids. It also contains carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and many other compounds in varying concentrations. This chemical complexity makes it difficult to analyze, and most of the protocols are mainly concerned with the albumen and vitellus fractions, aside from the whole egg product. The hygienic quality and freshness of eggs can be assessed according to physico-chemical or microbiological criteria, imposed by the regulations in force. The state provides procedures and recommendations for the production and marketing of such products. Criteria and procedures vary from region to region, for example European legislation forbids the breaking of eggs by centrifugation for eggs intended for the food industry whereas American legislation allows the possibility of breaking eggs by centrifugation if they are clean, disinfected and intact and if they ultimately undergo heat treatment (baking etc.). In addition to the procedures and recommendations concerning the production process, the hygienic quality of egg products is ensured by controlling the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of the raw materials used and the finished products. European legislation thus provides maximum levels for certain compounds such as lactic acid or succinic acid at different points in the production chain.

Published
2018
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32. Investigation of lipid production by nitrogen-starved Parachlorella kessleri under continuous illumination and day/night cycles for biodiesel application

Author

Hosni Takache, Jeremy Pruvost, Ahmed Taleb, Jack Legrand, Samir Taha, Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), and Université Libanaise

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Photobioreactor, chemistry.chemical_element, Chlorophyceae, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Photobioreactors, 03 medical and health sciences, TAG productivity, Animal science, 010608 biotechnology, Aquatic plant, Botany, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, photoperiodism, Biodiesel, Nitrogen starvation, Plant physiology, biology.organism_classification, Nitrogen, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Productivity (ecology), Day/night cycles
Abstract

International audience; This study aims to investigate the triacylglycerol (TAG) productivity of Parachlorella kessleri grown under continuous illumination and to investigate its metabolism in simulated day/night cycles in order to estimate the feasibility of a large-scale production in outdoor solar photobioreactors. The strain was chosen for its ability to accumulate large amounts of triacylglycerol during nitrogen starvation. Several protocols of nitrogen starvation were tested in continuous illumination as well as in simulated day/night cycles. Sudden and progressive nitrogen starvation conditions have enhanced the TAG concentration and productivity of P. kessleri reaching up to 48 dry wt% and 4.4 × 10 −3 kg m −2 day −1 , respectively. Microalgal cell metabolism was significantly affected by the day/night illumination cycles. The energy-rich compounds (TAGs and carbohydrates) were accumulated by P. kessleri during the photope-riods and partly consumed during the dark to sustain the microalgae vitality. This TAG oxidation ultimately led to a 26% decrease in TAG productivity in cultures exposed to day/night cycles compared to ones exposed to continuous illumination of equal 24-h average photon flux density. The results can dictate the optimal time for harvesting cells for recovering the largest amount of TAGs.

Published
2017
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33. Combustion Study of Phoenicicole Biomass in Algerian Oasis Using Thermogravimetric Analysis: Deglet Nour Cultivar Case

Author

Dina Bousdira, L’hadi Nouri, Sidi Mohammed El Amine Bekkouche, Fatma Zohra Yahiaoui, Khalida Bousdira, and Jack Legrand

Subjects
Thermogravimetric analysis, Multidisciplinary, Materials science, Waste management, business.industry, 020209 energy, Biomass, Lignocellulosic biomass, 02 engineering and technology, Pulp and paper industry, Combustion, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Phoenix dactylifera, Alternative energy, Lignin, business, Pyrolysis
Abstract

The importance of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) deposit could represent an interesting solution for sustainable and integrated energy valorization in Algerian oasis ecosystem. The objective of this work is to study the thermal behavior, under an oxidative atmosphere of the phoenicicole biomass main constituents related to the dominant cultivar, Deglet Nour. Thermogravimetric analysis is the approach used to study the pyrolysis behavior of this lignocellulosic biomass by the determination of the kinetic constant (activation energy, order of the reaction, pre-exponential factor) and the description of different thermal profiles. The results show that combustion process could be an interesting alternative energy recovery for the phoenicicole biomass. This is explained by the low activation energy which is estimated at an average of 29.06 k J/mol and the low residues generated by the thermoconversion. Furthermore, two types of phoenicicole waste have been identified by their combustion behavior: firstly the lif part characterized by their thermal stability due to the high lignin content and secondly the fruit bunch (ARJ) characterized by a great thermal reactivity.

Published
2017
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34. Étude de la mise en réserve d’amidon par la micro-algue Chlamydomonas reinhardtii en photo-bioréacteur contrôlé en vue de la production en continu d’hydrogène dans un procédé bi-étagé

Author

Fernando Ballestas, Mariana Titica, Guillaume Cogne, Jack Legrand, Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), and SFGP

Subjects
[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

35. Study of starch accumulation dynamic in nitrogen starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using controlled torus photobioreactor

Author

Fernando Ballestas, Mariana Titica, Guillaume Cogne, Jack Legrand, Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), and EFCE - ESBES

Subjects
[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

36. Les microalgues s’invitent en ville

Author

Jack Legrand, Jeremy Pruvost, Mariana Titica, Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), CNRS EDITIONS, Legrand, Jack, Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), CNRS, Adlelilah Slaoui, Nicolas Laurent, and Martine Meireles-Masbernat

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology
Abstract

National audience

Published
2019

37. Procédé d’extrusion réactive et/ou enzymatique pour l’extraction de phycocolloïdes : application aux produits de la mer

Author

Dounia Makoure, Abdellah Arhaliass, Régis Baron, Adil Echchelh, and Jack Legrand

Abstract

Dans cet article, nous presentons le procede d'extrusion reactive pour extraire les phycocolloides des produits de la mer. En le comparant avec d'autres techniques, ce procede presente plusieurs avantages comme le rendement economique, la flexibilite, la production de differents produits avec des caracteristiques differentes et des gains de temps. IL existe deux types d'extrudeuses : monovis et bivis, chacune ayant ses proprietes specifiques. Les produits solides sont introduits par la tremie equipee d'une pompe doseuse pour la regulation du debit. Les produits liquides sont generalement injectes dans les zones non remplies, par une pompe externe. Les produits subissent des modifications thermo-mecaniques et ensuite la mise en forme des produits finis est realisee par la filiere. L'extrusion reactive est appliquee dans plusieurs domaines : l'agro-alimentaire ou il existe trois utilisations principales (extrusion simple, cuisson-extrusion, extrusion reactive), dans l'industrie plastique pour le recyclage des dechets plastiques menagers et aussi pour creer des melanges entre de differents polymeres, ainsi que dans le domaine de la chimie et la pharmacie. L'extrusion reactive est egalement utilisee pour la valorisation des produits de la mer comme l'extraction des phycocolloides, en particulier l'alginate a partir des algues marines, ainsi que la chitine des coproduits de crustaces. Une autre application interessante du procede d'extrusion reactive est la production d'energie. Des recherches recentes visent a valoriser les coproduits de la peche pour la production du biocarcurant.

Published
2019
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38. Study and optimisation of microalgae production on urban effluent for an advanced wastewater treatment process

Author

Noubisié Youaleu, A., Tallec, J., Benjamin Le Gouic, Jeremy Pruvost, Jack Legrand, Pruvost, Jeremy, Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)

Subjects
[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

39. A Laser Multi-Reflection Technique Applied for Liquid Film Flow Measurements

Author

Yacine Salhi, Jeremy Pruvost, Jack Legrand, H. Ouldrebai, M. Hammoudi, El-Khider Si-Ahmed, USTHB, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides Théorique et Appliquée (LMFTA), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), and Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Materials science, business.product_category, Opacity, Flow (psychology), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Instability, law.invention, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0203 mechanical engineering, law, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Inclined plane, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Plane (geometry), Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics, Laser, Nusselt number, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Reflection (physics), business
Abstract

This work is devoted to a non-intrusive experimental approach, based on Laser Multi-reflection technique, in the investigation of thickness distribution variations and wave’s dynamics of a liquid film flowing over an inclined plane. This investigation was first founded on the needs of quantifying the liquid film thickness and on minimizing, as much as possible, some drawbacks pointed out, in the literature, throughout the experimental techniques available. Moreover, the technique could be applied to transparent, opaque as well as particle laden liquid films. The technique is validated and evaluated using two approaches according to the flow case: stable or instable. In case of stable flow, the comparison was made using Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and theoretical prediction established by the Nusselt model. For a wavy interface a setup, especially devoted to that purpose, was used to validate the accuracy of the measurements. In both cases the uncertainties were within 5%. The experiments are discussed hereafter including the accuracy of the results. Some experimental data, for plane inclination ranging from 1° to 10°, are reported. The data takes into account the film thickness at various positions. The instability threshold is also reported.

Published
2019
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40. Two-phase solvent extraction of phenolics from Origanum vulgare subsp. glandulosum

Author

Alain Foucault, Rachida Rihani, Schéhérazade Krim, Fatiha Bentahar, Luc Marchal, and Jack Legrand

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Solvent system, Antioxidant, Aqueous solution, Chromatography, biology, Chemistry, medicine.medical_treatment, Ethyl acetate, Plant Science, Origanum, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Acetic acid, Drug Discovery, medicine, Maceration (wine), Solvent extraction, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Integration of solid-liquid and liquid-liquid extractions, SLE and LLE, respectively, for selective recovery of Origanum vulgare subsp. glandulosum phenolics was studied. A Two-Phase Solvent Extraction (TPSE) was performed by maceration at room temperature using a green biphasic solvent system and compared to Centrifugal Partition Extraction (CPE). Up to 69 % of phenolics were similarly recovered by both CPE and TPSE techniques using the ethyl acetate/acetic acid/water solvent system (EAW) in immiscible proportions while only 56 % of purity was reached using the conventional successive technique. Up to 19 g GAE/100 g DW of total phenolics were recovered by solid-liquid-liquid extraction (SLLE) while only 12 g GAE/100 g DW was isolated by using SLE with EAW organic phase. Comparing TPSE to organic and aqueous macerations conducted separately, a clear positive impact of combination was observed, namely more than 57 % and 83 % enhancement of the extraction yields, respectively. Such extracts exhibited a very strong antioxidant activity as shown by the antioxidant activity index (AAI) higher than 2.

Published
2021
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41. An efficient numerical prediction of the crust onset of a drying colloidal drop

Author

Nacer Sadoun, Jack Legrand, Zakaria Larbi, El-Khider Si-Ahmed, Ingénierie des Biopolymères pour la Structuration de Matrices et des Matériaux (SFR IBSM), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Materials science, Stefan flow, Mechanical Engineering, Drop (liquid), Crust formation, Crust, 02 engineering and technology, Péclet number, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Isothermal process, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Colloid, symbols.namesake, Mass transfer, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

An efficient numerical approach is proposed on the crust formation of an isothermal drying spherical colloidal droplet in a stagnant gas, where the heat and mass transfer were governed by the Stefan flow. A purely diffusive mechanism with a moving boundary was considered. The droplet shrinking induced an accumulation of particles, in the vicinity of the droplet interface, up to the onset of a crust formation known as the locking point. The latter was used as a control parameter of the numerical procedure global behaviour. The performances of the present numerical scheme compared to classical methods, showed a rapid convergence with a drastic reduction in the number of nodes, at least two-hundred fold less. Furthermore, the accuracy and speed of the proposed method allowed to carry out an extensive study with respect to the Peclet number, thus enabling to point out three drying regimes.

Published
2021
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42. Development of a screening procedure for the characterization of Botryococcus braunii strains for biofuel application

Author

Olivier Gonçalves, Jeremy Pruvost, Jack Legrand, Benjamin Moutel, Marc Long, Dominique Grizeau, Philippe Soudant, Fabienne Le Grand, Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-12-BIME-0001,DIESALG,Production de biodiesel par microalgues(2012), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, limited growth, Botryococcus, Biomass, Bioengineering, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry, EOSS photobioreactor, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 03 medical and health sciences, green-alga, Biofuel, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Oil content, Botryococcus braunii, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Chromatography, biology, Strain (chemistry), Chemistry, ACL, microalgae, High-performance thin layer chromatography, Continuous mode, Lipid chemotyping, fatty-acids, Polar lipids, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, hydrocarbon production
Abstract

International audience; An integrated screening approach was developed to assess the potential of the Botryococcus genus for the production of lipids for biofuel application (hydrocarbons and triacylglycerols). The strategy developed in this study permitted to rigorously measure mandatory parameters for the determination of strain performance – i.e. growth rate and oil content. For that purpose, mini-photobioreactors run in parallel were used together with an exhaustive lipid class analysis. The quantitative productivity measurements indicated that the ten screened strains presented very different patterns in the conditions of PBR culture, firstly run in batch, and secondly in continuous mode. Indeed, with the applied setup, only four strains presented biomass productivities close to that previously measured for the reference strain 807/1 (between 74 and 307 mg L−1 day−1 of biomass for the tested strains). HC productivity obtained under continuous light (∼14 mg L−1 day−1) was close to that measured for the strain 807/1 (∼20 mg L−1 day−1), confirming B. braunii tested strains potential for biofuel application. The analysis of the lipid chemodiversity revealed moreover that this genus should be further investigated for its polar lipids, as it suggests potential pharmaceutical applications such as production of antitumorals or immunosuppressors.

Published
2016
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43. Energy and Nutrients Recovery from Lipid-Extracted Nannochloropsis via Anaerobic Digestion and Hydrothermal Liquefaction

Author

Ester Clavero, C. Bengoa, Olivier Lépine, M.P. Caporgno, J. Giralt, Jack Legrand, Joan Salvadó, Carles Torras, Jeremy Pruvost, Departament d′Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Algosource Technologies, Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), and Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Cultivation, 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Biomass, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Methane, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nutrient, Anaerobic digestion, Nutrients recovery, Botany, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Environmental Chemistry, Anaerobic codigestion, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Chemistry, Pretreatments, General Chemistry, Pulp and paper industry, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, Hydrothermal liquefaction, 13. Climate action, Biodiesel production, Sludge, Nannochloropsis
Abstract

International audience; The biomass, generated after the lipid extraction from Nannochloropsis microalgae (LEM) for biodiesel production, demonstrated its suitability for both energy and nutrient recovery. The anaerobic digestion of LEM produced a minimum of 268 mL CH4 /g VS in different experiments. The codigestion of LEM and sewage sludge revealed that both wastes can be codigested without inhibition, although no synergy was observed. The methane yields barely increased 10% after pretreatments (ultrasound and ultrasound combined with alkali addition). Regarding bio-oil production from hydrothermal liquefaction process, more than 28% of the LEM was converted into bio-oil. Moreover, the aqueous phase generated during the bio-oil production was successfully utilized as nitrogen source for microalgae cultivation.

Published
2016
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44. Microalgae culture in building-integrated photobioreactors: Biomass production modelling and energetic analysis

Author

B. Le Gouic, Jeremy Pruvost, F. Le Borgne, Olivier Lépine, Jack Legrand, Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), and Algosource Technologies

Subjects
Engineering, Flue gas, 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Chlorella vulgaris, Photobioreactor, Biomass, 02 engineering and technology, Facade, 7. Clean energy, Process integration, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Microalgae, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Building, Environmental Chemistry, Production (economics), [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Process engineering, business.industry, Environmental engineering, General Chemistry, Energy consumption, CO2 biofixation, 13. Climate action, business
Abstract

International audience; Vertical flat-panel photobioreactors for microalgae culture can be integrated into building facades. On top of providing the large solar illuminated surfaces needed for microalgae production, this original combination opens various optimization opportunities, such as the possibility to create mutual benefits for both systems with appropriate and efficient integration. For example, microalgal photosynthesis can be used to fix the CO2 contained in flue gas emitted from the building (in a factory set-up) or to significantly reduce energy consumption for thermal regulation of both photobioreactors and building.Here we report the results of a theoretical modelling-based investigation designed to define how the specific building integration conditions affect photobioreactor operation. Expected biomass production and light attenuation conditions encountered in the culture volume were determined for the green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris for a location based in Nantes (France). Results were compared to figures from the more conventional systems such as horizontal or ideally-inclined microalgal culture systems. We conclude with an energetic analysis that underlines the relevance of optimizing thermal exchanges between microalgal culture and building.

Published
2016
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45. Biological valorisation of CO2 emitted from industrial plant by microalgae: development of model-based procedures for optimal scaling and operation of the integrated system

Author

Jeremy Pruvost, Jack Legrand, Benjamin Le Gouic, Olivier Lépine, Christophe Lombard, Jean-François Cornet, Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Algosource Technologies, Institut Pascal (IP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes)

Subjects
[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

46. Influence of a sudden expansion on slug flow characteristics in a horizontal two-phase flow: a pressure drop fluctuations analysis

Author

Abderraouf Arabi, Yacine Salhi, El-Khider Si-Ahmed, Jack Legrand, USTHB, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides Théorique et Appliquée (LMFTA), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), and Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Physics, Pressure drop, Flow distribution, Mechanical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, Differential pressure, Condensed Matter Physics, Slug flow, 01 natural sciences, Standard deviation, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Singularity, 020401 chemical engineering, Mechanics of Materials, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Two-phase flow, 0204 chemical engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Experimental investigations were conducted to study the evolution of air/water slug flow characteristics through a horizontal sudden expansion having a ratio of $$\sigma_{A}$$ = 0.444. A series of acquisition of differential pressure upstream and downstream were carried out leading to statistical as well as spectral analyses. The influences of both liquid and gas superficial velocities on flow behavior as well as standard deviation were studied. Substantial modifications of two-phase flow distribution were reported downstream the singularity with a quantitative reduction in standard deviation. Besides the fact that the slug flow regime didn’t persist downstream the singularity for low values of superficial phasic-velocities, the latter ( $$J_{\ell }$$ and $$J_{g}$$ ) seem to have no noticeable effects downstream the expansion. Reduction of slug frequency between upstream and downstream the singularity was also observed.

Published
2018

47. Potential application of microalgae culture to wastewater treatment

Author

Jack Legrand, Armel Noubissie, Benjamin Le Gouic, Jeremy Pruvost, Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), and Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

48. Benefits of MELiSSA loop project for microalgae industry, from the optimization of solar culture to the design of innovativeintensified photobioreactors technologies

Author

Jeremy Pruvost, Jean-François Cornet, Mariana Titica, Jack Legrand, Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Institut Pascal (IP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), and SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

49. Solar photobioreactor engineering : AlgoFilm technology and building facade integration

Author

Jeremy Pruvost, Jack Legrand, Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)

Subjects
[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

50. A new approach to optimize compression of paraffin materials: influence of particles size and shape

Author

Marie Pouliquen, Sylvaine Saint-Jalmes, Jack Legrand, Abdellah Arhaliass, Karine Doudard, Catherine Loisel, Olivier Gonçalves, Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM), and Denis et Fils

Subjects
Pressing, Materials science, Forming processes, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Plasticity, Compression (physics), 040401 food science, Texture (geology), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Compressibility, General Materials Science, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Particle size, Composite material, Dispersion (chemistry), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The work described in this paper investigates the behaviour of paraffin material under pressure. Compressibility has been widely described in the literature but the behaviour of paraffin materials under compression is not well known. This study intends to highlight the influence of particle size and shape of paraffin material on their compressibility. This is of major interest for the candle industry. Indeed, one of the main forming processes is pressing of paraffin powder. For this purpose, particle size and shape were characterized according to a digital image analysis approach and compressibility was measured by compressing the paraffin into a mould using a texture analyser. Results show that compression at low pressure (0.2 MPa) is governed by the average circularity and mean diameter of the paraffin particles while compression at higher pressure seems to be governed by the uniformity of the dispersion of particle size. It helps the selection of the particle size and shape category to be used to promote candles formation and production. This study also provides a tool to assess plasticity of paraffin by using the mean yield pressure.

Published
2018

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