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Background: Sepsis is an issue of globular health care, characterized by complete inflammation of the body in response to microbial infection, which results in organ malfunction. This becomes a chronic patient complication. Therefore, sepsis may be a diverse and combined disease with varying etiology, severity, and treatment plan. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the existence of exposure and the resistance of microorganisms to the range of antibiotics in subjects of the local community. Results: Among 11 species of bacteria isolated from a variety of specimens, Escherichia coli (22.1%) and Staphylococcus aureus (20.3%) were the most common organism found over the subjects had been collected. The most sensitive antibiotics for Gram-negative E. coli were colistin 97%, imipenem 89%, meropenem 88%, and amikacin 79%, while the highest resistant rate was benzylpenicillin 93%, and oxacillin 86%. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) prevalence was 90%, vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) 31%. Conclusion: Because of the high incidence of VRSA and MRSA, clinicians should become more vigilant in using vancomycin and another important antibiotic. Moreover, maintain this useful drug to be used for a prolonged time with good efficacy.

Testing of blood biochemical parameters is a pre-symptomatic diagnostic appliance to determine the nutritional status of any dairy herd and other disorders such as productivity and reproduction. these parameters are influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors like breed, age, sex, lactation, pregnancy, health and nutrition status of the cows in dairy herd. The present study was undertaken to estimate the selected nutritional status of dairy cows by using biochemical tests in Thiqar province in relation to reproductive status of estrus, pregnancy and lactation. The study was conducted on 40 local breed clinically healthy cows in the teaching veterinary hospital of Thiqar province, they were divided into four groups (estrus group, pregnant group between 2-8 months, lactating group for 1 to 2 months and heifer (dry cows) group of 10 animals for each group basis of reproductive status. Blood samples were collected aseptically from each animal of all groups for biochemical analysis. lactating (calving) cows showed a significant increase in blood Glucose, protein and globulins concentrations compared to other groups. Urea levels in estrus cows were significantly increasing compared to other groups. Cholesterol concentrations of lactating cows was significantly decrease compared to other groups, serum Triglyceride in estrus cows showed a significant increase when compared with those of heifer and other groups. However, there were a significant decrease of AST levels in estrus group when compared to those in heifer and other groups. ALT levels were significantly decreased in all cows of all groups when compared with the heifer cows. In conclusion biochemical values are an efficient tool for evaluation of physiological status, metabolic disorders, and management problems of the farm which have a great relation to health status of the animal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to detect the concentration of lead and cadmium in baby foods, (18) samples were examined, which are the most available from various local markets in the city of Baghdad (at a rate of (9) samples of baby food consisting of cereals and (9) samples of baby foods consisting of vegetables). All samples were examined using an atomic flame absorptiometry (AAS-7000), all results showed the presence of lead and cadmium and the highest concentration value of lead in baby foods consisting of cereals (1.0986) and cadmium in baby foods consisting of vegetables (0.0015) ppm. Lead exceeded 100% limitations and cadmium did not exceed that. The results reported on the risks of contamination, as the mean daily intake (g/kg/d) for lead (1.3538) and cadmium amounted to (0.010), and the target hazard quotient index was high for the index (THQ>10) for lead in most of the samples examined and reached (THQ

Background: Retinoic acid (RA) is one of the most critical molecules in the organic development of human being; it has been implicated in controlling of hundreds of genes which control several processes in human development. Furthermore, RA has negative insult on pregnancy outcome since it has teratogenic potential when used in high doses. Materials and Methods: Human neural stem cells are used in this study to test the effect RA in different doses on cell viability, cellular protein amount, neurite length, neurosphere sizes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and migration distance. Results and Conclusions: Our results show that RA at low doses (2, 5 µM) preserve cell stemness and increase the sizes of neurospheres significantly, but at high doses, it appears that RA has a neurotoxic effect on these stem cells through significant increase in ROS which has negative effects on neurite length and cellular migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: One hundred and sixty babies with positive clinical examination to have developmental dysplasia of the hip were referred to ultrasonic clinic. Objectives: 3D ultrasonic machine was used to study the hip to diagnose which baby has proven to have developmental dysplasia of hip, to study the anatomical changes of the hip especially α and β angles of the hip and to compare that with normal babies, and finally to identify the risk factors that associate with developmental dysplasia of hip. Results and conclusions: Our finding shows that 38 babies had that anomaly; we found that α angle was less than 60º and β angle was more than 55º. Moreover, it was more common in females than males and more on the left side. Also, it showed that developmental dysplasia of hip is more frequent in ladies delivered by caesarian section and more often in babies lie in breech presentation. It can be concluded that our sample findings were almost similar to those previous universal findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Main objective of this study was to appraise the variation and to acquiring extremely valuable bioactive compounds by using different solvent systems and drying techniques. The antioxidant activities of different extracts of Grewia asiatica were evaluated by different antioxidant assays which included estimation of total flavonoid contents, individual phenolic acid composition, DPPH radical scavenging capacity and phenolics by HPLC. Biological activities were evaluated by disc diffusion method. The total crude extract yield from G. asiatica using different solvents and drying techniques, ranged from 4.3–60.0%. Maximum extract yield was obtained with distilled water while least with methanol. The values of TPC, TFC, DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP (EC50) for G. asiatica extracts ranged from 1331 to 236 GAE mg/g of dry weight (DW), (89.33 to 22.69) CE mg/g DW, (74.13 to 6.16) mg/g and (57.10 to 4.02) mg/ml, respectively. All extracts of Grewia contained a considerable amount of phenolic acids among which gallic acid was most prevalent. In case of antibacterial activity it is observed that 100% methanol and 100% ethyl acetate showed significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Shigella, respectively. Antibacterial activity of 100% ethyl acetate (sun dry) shows strongest values against Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus vulgaris. In 100% methanol (sun dry) sample shows strongest activity against Escherichia coli. The highest amount of total phenolic acids was found with 80% methanol extract while the least with 100% methanol. Overall, results showed that different solvent extracts of Grewia have good antioxidant and biological activity as well as higher amounts of phenolic acids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]