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Background: Poor glycaemic control of diabetes is often associated with micro- and macro-vascular complications and surprisingly, the prevalence of poor glycaemic control is getting higher in Malaysia. It remains a public health challenge in managing patients with diabetes. Hence, this study aimed to determine the clinical parameters that are associated with poor glycaemic control to help medical practitioner to anticipate these factors in treating patient with diabetes particularly those with poor glycaemic control. Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study between groups of good glycaemic control and poor glycaemic control patients was conducted among type 2 diabetic patients who fulfilled study criteria in Pasir Puteh district, Kelantan. Eligible samples registered in the National Diabetes Registry from 1st January 2019 until 31st December 2019 were recruited into the study. Descriptive statistics, simple and multiple logistic regressions were used for data analysis. Result: As of 31st December 2019, there were 5339 diabetic patients from Pasir Puteh district registered in the National Diabetes Registry. Multivariable analysis revealed duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins level as the significant clinical factors associated with poor glycaemic control with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 1.08 (95%CI: 1.04, 1.12; p<0.001), AOR 1.02 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.03; p=0.002), AOR 1.60 (95%CI: 1.30, 1.94; p<0.001) and AOR 1.47 (95%CI: 1.29, 1.69; p<0.001), respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, glycaemic control is largely influenced by modifiable risk factors. Managements focusing on these modifiable risk factors will help clinicians to sustain optimize glycaemic control in T2DM patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Child abuse is an epidemic and in Malaysia, the numbers are rising. Statistic showed that 60% of the victims were below seven years old. Since most of them goes to preschool at this age, the role of childcare providers (CPs) in addressing this issue is crucial. However, previous data showed that referrals made by them to the authorities was less than 1%. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitude of CPs in KEMAS preschools towards child abuse. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving CPs working in the KEMAS preschools in Kota Bharu and Tumpat, Kelantan, Malaysia, from April to June 2019. Results: From 218 respondents, 78% and 83% of them had good awareness on signs of neglect and physical abuse respectively compared to sexual abuse (64.6%). In terms of knowledge, 80% answered correctly about signs of abuse. However, only 18.8% answered correctly about sexual abuse. Moreover, 86.7% of CPs believed that they should be responsible to lodge a report, while only 6% of them objected. Although 76.1% were correct about the information to be prepared for reporting, only 4.6% of them realised that suspicions about a case would suffice to lodge a report. There were 94.5%, and 65.1% of CPs who correctly answered about the protection of the reporter under the law and its penalty respectively. But, only 26.6% of the CPs were correct about the category of mandated reporters according to the law. Conclusion: Although majority of CPs had good knowledge and awareness, there was still 26.6% who did not realise that they were mandated to report suspected cases. Therefore, educational programs need to be planned to increase awareness and knowledge on abuse and its legal aspects among CPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]