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Intraductal papilloma of the breast is a rare benign tumour. The polypoid lesions arising from the nipple surface include papillomas and fibroepithelial stromal polyps. These lesions must be distinguished from malignant nipple lesions, such as Paget's disease of the nipple or malignant breast conditions involving the nipple. Solitary papillomas (solitary intraductal papillomas) are single tumours that often grow in the large milk ducts near the nipple. They are a common cause of clear or bloody nipple discharge, especially when it comes from only one breast, and can be felt as a small lump behind or next to the nipple. Papillomas may also be found in small ducts in areas of the breast farther from the nipple. Multiple papillomas, which are growths that are less prone to generate nipple discharge, were present in this case. In papillomatosis, there are very small areas of cell growth within the ducts, but they aren't as distinct as papillomas are. In order to distinguish between these disorders, a thorough clinical examination and imaging are essential. This case report describes a 36-year-old female who presented with swelling from the left nipple. Sonography of the left breast revealed a dilated duct in the left retro-areolar region with a focal isoechoic component within the duct {American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR BI-RADS 4B)}. The patient underwent core excision of the duct, and histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of papilloma with changes of adenosis without atypia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lumbar incisional hernia is an uncommon complication that affects the abdominal wall integrity, accounting for approximately 3.5% of all cases. It typically occurs following open nephrectomy or aortic aneurysm repair surgeries. Although rare, lumbar hernias can lead to discomfort, aesthetic issues, or even intestinal obstruction. In extremely rare cases, lumbar herniation of the liver can occur. Here, the authors present a case of a 60-year-old female patient with liver herniation through a lumbar incisional hernia and a history of pyelolithotomy for renal calculi. The authors performed an open hernia repair with meshplasty. Lumbar incisional hernias are rare and still difficult to manage. Computed tomography is the diagnostic method of choice in the evaluation of the parietal wall defect to choose the appropriate therapeutic management. Surgical management modalities are still poorly codified, with no precise recommendations, and this is probably due to the relative rarity of the cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare disease in which the third part of the duodenum between the SMA and the abdominal aorta is compressed, leading to small bowel obstruction. Treatment is usually conservative, such as parenteral and nasojejunal nutrition. The pathophysiology includes loss of the retroperitoneal fat layer and subsequent duodenal compression. We present a 53-year-old malnourished female patient who came with complaints of vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain, and distension for four days. This article highlights the diagnostic challenges associated with SMA syndrome and emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and intervention., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Jayakar et al.)

Adenomyoepithelioma (AME) of the breast is a rare tumor characterized by biphasic differentiation into luminal and myoepithelial cells, with various histological patterns observed. This case report details a 35-year-old female with a progressively enlarging breast lump diagnosed initially as a fibroadenoma through ultrasonography (USG) and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). The patient underwent successful excision of the lump under general anesthesia, with histopathological examination confirming a benign tumor comprising epithelial and myoepithelial cells. This case underscores the importance of comprehensive clinical assessment and accurate diagnostic techniques in managing breast lumps, emphasizing the need for timely intervention for favorable outcomes., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Jayakar et al.)