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3. QED corrections to the thermal neutrino interaction rate

Author

Jackson, G. and Laine, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Motivated by precision computations of neutrino decoupling at MeV temperatures, we show how QED corrections to the thermal neutrino interaction rate can be related to the electron-positron spectral function as well as an effective $\bar{\nu}\nu\gamma$ vertex. The spectral function is needed both in a timelike and in a spacelike domain, and for both of its physical polarization states (transverse and longitudinal with respect to spatial momentum). Incorporating an NLO evaluation of this spectral function, an estimate of the $\bar{\nu}\nu\gamma$ vertex, and HTL resummation of scatterings mediated by soft Bose-enhanced $t$-channel photons, we compute the interaction rate as a function of the neutrino momentum and flavour. Effects on the $ -(0...2)\%$ level are found, noticeably smaller than a previous estimate of a related quantity., Comment: 27 pages. v2: references and clarifications added

Published
2023
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7. The International Climate Psychology Collaboration: Climate change-related data collected from 63 countries

Author

Kimberly C. Doell, Boryana Todorova, Madalina Vlasceanu, Joseph B. Bak Coleman, Ekaterina Pronizius, Philipp Schumann, Flavio Azevedo, Yash Patel, Michael M. Berkebile-Wineberg, Cameron Brick, Florian Lange, Samantha J. Grayson, Yifei Pei, Alek Chakroff, Karlijn L. van den Broek, Claus Lamm, Denisa Vlasceanu, Sara M. Constantino, Steve Rathje, Danielle Goldwert, Ke Fang, Salvatore Maria Aglioti, Mark Alfano, Andy J. Alvarado-Yepez, Angélica Andersen, Frederik Anseel, Matthew A. J. Apps, Chillar Asadli, Fonda Jane Awuor, Piero Basaglia, Jocelyn J. Bélanger, Sebastian Berger, Paul Bertin, Michał Białek, Olga Bialobrzeska, Michelle Blaya-Burgo, Daniëlle N. M. Bleize, Simen Bø, Lea Boecker, Paulo S. Boggio, Sylvie Borau, Björn Bos, Ayoub Bouguettaya, Markus Brauer, Tymofii Brik, Roman Briker, Tobias Brosch, Ondrej Buchel, Daniel Buonauro, Radhika Butalia, Héctor Carvacho, Sarah A. E. Chamberlain, Hang-Yee Chan, Dawn Chow, Dongil Chung, Luca Cian, Noa Cohen-Eick, Luis Sebastian Contreras-Huerta, Davide Contu, Vladimir Cristea, Jo Cutler, Silvana D’Ottone, Jonas De keersmaecker, Sarah Delcourt, Sylvain Delouvée, Kathi Diel, Benjamin D. Douglas, Moritz A. Drupp, Shreya Dubey, Jānis Ekmanis, Christian T. Elbaek, Mahmoud Elsherif, Iris M. Engelhard, Yannik A. Escher, Tom W. Etienne, Laura Farage, Ana Rita Farias, Stefan Feuerriegel, Andrej Findor, Lucia Freira, Malte Friese, Neil Philip Gains, Albina Gallyamova, Sandra J. Geiger, Oliver Genschow, Biljana Gjoneska, Theofilos Gkinopoulos, Beth Goldberg, Amit Goldenberg, Sarah Gradidge, Simone Grassini, Kurt Gray, Sonja Grelle, Siobhán M. Griffin, Lusine Grigoryan, Ani Grigoryan, Dmitry Grigoryev, June Gruber, Johnrev Guilaran, Britt Hadar, Ulf J. J. Hahnel, Eran Halperin, Annelie J. Harvey, Christian A. P. Haugestad, Aleksandra M. Herman, Hal E. Hershfield, Toshiyuki Himichi, Donald W. Hine, Wilhelm Hofmann, Lauren Howe, Enma T. Huaman-Chulluncuy, Guanxiong Huang, Tatsunori Ishii, Ayahito Ito, Fanli Jia, John T. Jost, Veljko Jovanović, Dominika Jurgiel, Ondřej Kácha, Reeta Kankaanpää, Jaroslaw Kantorowicz, Elena Kantorowicz-Reznichenko, Keren Kaplan Mintz, Ilker Kaya, Ozgur Kaya, Narine Khachatryan, Anna Klas, Colin Klein, Christian A. Klöckner, Lina Koppel, Alexandra I. Kosachenko, Emily J. Kothe, Ruth Krebs, Amy R. Krosch, Andre P. M. Krouwel, Yara Kyrychenko, Maria Lagomarsino, Julia Lee Cunningham, Jeffrey Lees, Tak Yan Leung, Neil Levy, Patricia L. Lockwood, Chiara Longoni, Alberto López Ortega, David D. Loschelder, Jackson G. Lu, Yu Luo, Joseph Luomba, Annika E. Lutz, Johann M. Majer, Ezra Markowitz, Abigail A. Marsh, Karen Louise Mascarenhas, Bwambale Mbilingi, Winfred Mbungu, Cillian McHugh, Marijn H. C. Meijers, Hugo Mercier, Fenant Laurent Mhagama, Katerina Michalaki, Nace Mikus, Sarah G. Milliron, Panagiotis Mitkidis, Fredy S. Monge-Rodríguez, Youri L. Mora, Michael J. Morais, David Moreau, Kosuke Motoki, Manuel Moyano, Mathilde Mus, Joaquin Navajas, Tam Luong Nguyen, Dung Minh Nguyen, Trieu Nguyen, Laura Niemi, Sari R. R. Nijssen, Gustav Nilsonne, Jonas P. Nitschke, Laila Nockur, Ritah Okura, Sezin Öner, Asil Ali Özdoğru, Helena Palumbo, Costas Panagopoulos, Maria Serena Panasiti, Philip Pärnamets, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Yuri G. Pavlov, César Payán-Gómez, Adam R. Pearson, Leonor Pereira da Costa, Hannes M. Petrowsky, Stefan Pfattheicher, Nhat Tan Pham, Vladimir Ponizovskiy, Clara Pretus, Gabriel G. Rêgo, Ritsaart Reimann, Shawn A. Rhoads, Julian Riano-Moreno, Isabell Richter, Jan Philipp Röer, Jahred Rosa-Sullivan, Robert M. Ross, Anandita Sabherwal, Toshiki Saito, Oriane Sarrasin, Nicolas Say, Katharina Schmid, Michael T. Schmitt, Philipp Schoenegger, Christin Scholz, Mariah G. Schug, Stefan Schulreich, Ganga Shreedhar, Eric Shuman, Smadar Sivan, Hallgeir Sjåstad, Meikel Soliman, Katia Soud, Tobia Spampatti, Gregg Sparkman, Ognen Spasovski, Samantha K. Stanley, Jessica A. Stern, Noel Strahm, Yasushi Suko, Sunhae Sul, Stylianos Syropoulos, Neil C. Taylor, Elisa Tedaldi, Gustav Tinghög, Luu Duc Toan Huynh, Giovanni Antonio Travaglino, Manos Tsakiris, İlayda Tüter, Michael Tyrala, Özden Melis Uluğ, Arkadiusz Urbanek, Danila Valko, Sander van der Linden, Kevin van Schie, Aart van Stekelenburg, Edmunds Vanags, Daniel Västfjäll, Stepan Vesely, Jáchym Vintr, Marek Vranka, Patrick Otuo Wanguche, Robb Willer, Adrian Dominik Wojcik, Rachel Xu, Anjali Yadav, Magdalena Zawisza, Xian Zhao, Jiaying Zhao, Dawid Żuk, and Jay J. Van Bavel

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Climate change is currently one of humanity’s greatest threats. To help scholars understand the psychology of climate change, we conducted an online quasi-experimental survey on 59,508 participants from 63 countries (collected between July 2022 and July 2023). In a between-subjects design, we tested 11 interventions designed to promote climate change mitigation across four outcomes: climate change belief, support for climate policies, willingness to share information on social media, and performance on an effortful pro-environmental behavioural task. Participants also reported their demographic information (e.g., age, gender) and several other independent variables (e.g., political orientation, perceptions about the scientific consensus). In the no-intervention control group, we also measured important additional variables, such as environmentalist identity and trust in climate science. We report the collaboration procedure, study design, raw and cleaned data, all survey materials, relevant analysis scripts, and data visualisations. This dataset can be used to further the understanding of psychological, demographic, and national-level factors related to individual-level climate action and how these differ across countries.

Published
2024
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8. The International Climate Psychology Collaboration: Climate change-related data collected from 63 countries

Author

Doell, Kimberly C., Todorova, Boryana, Vlasceanu, Madalina, Bak Coleman, Joseph B., Pronizius, Ekaterina, Schumann, Philipp, Azevedo, Flavio, Patel, Yash, Berkebile-Wineberg, Michael M., Brick, Cameron, Lange, Florian, Grayson, Samantha J., Pei, Yifei, Chakroff, Alek, van den Broek, Karlijn L., Lamm, Claus, Vlasceanu, Denisa, Constantino, Sara M., Rathje, Steve, Goldwert, Danielle, Fang, Ke, Aglioti, Salvatore Maria, Alfano, Mark, Alvarado-Yepez, Andy J., Andersen, Angélica, Anseel, Frederik, Apps, Matthew A. J., Asadli, Chillar, Awuor, Fonda Jane, Basaglia, Piero, Bélanger, Jocelyn J., Berger, Sebastian, Bertin, Paul, Białek, Michał, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Blaya-Burgo, Michelle, Bleize, Daniëlle N. M., Bø, Simen, Boecker, Lea, Boggio, Paulo S., Borau, Sylvie, Borau, Sylvie, Bos, Björn, Bouguettaya, Ayoub, Brauer, Markus, Brik, Tymofii, Briker, Roman, Brosch, Tobias, Buchel, Ondrej, Buonauro, Daniel, Butalia, Radhika, Carvacho, Héctor, Chamberlain, Sarah A. E., Chan, Hang-Yee, Chow, Dawn, Chung, Dongil, Cian, Luca, Cohen-Eick, Noa, Contreras-Huerta, Luis Sebastian, Contu, Davide, Cristea, Vladimir, Cutler, Jo, D’Ottone, Silvana, De keersmaecker, Jonas, Delcourt, Sarah, Delouvée, Sylvain, Diel, Kathi, Douglas, Benjamin D., Drupp, Moritz A., Dubey, Shreya, Ekmanis, Jānis, Elbaek, Christian T., Elsherif, Mahmoud, Engelhard, Iris M., Escher, Yannik A., Etienne, Tom W., Farage, Laura, Farias, Ana Rita, Feuerriegel, Stefan, Findor, Andrej, Freira, Lucia, Friese, Malte, Gains, Neil Philip, Gallyamova, Albina, Geiger, Sandra J., Genschow, Oliver, Gjoneska, Biljana, Gkinopoulos, Theofilos, Goldberg, Beth, Goldenberg, Amit, Gradidge, Sarah, Grassini, Simone, Gray, Kurt, Grelle, Sonja, Griffin, Siobhán M., Grigoryan, Lusine, Grigoryan, Ani, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Gruber, June, Guilaran, Johnrev, Hadar, Britt, Hahnel, Ulf J. J., Halperin, Eran, Harvey, Annelie J., Haugestad, Christian A. P., Herman, Aleksandra M., Hershfield, Hal E., Himichi, Toshiyuki, Hine, Donald W., Hofmann, Wilhelm, Howe, Lauren, Huaman-Chulluncuy, Enma T., Huang, Guanxiong, Ishii, Tatsunori, Ito, Ayahito, Jia, Fanli, Jost, John T., Jovanović, Veljko, Jurgiel, Dominika, Kácha, Ondřej, Kankaanpää, Reeta, Kantorowicz, Jaroslaw, Kantorowicz-Reznichenko, Elena, Mintz, Keren Kaplan, Kaya, Ilker, Kaya, Ozgur, Khachatryan, Narine, Klas, Anna, Klein, Colin, Klöckner, Christian A., Koppel, Lina, Kosachenko, Alexandra I., Kothe, Emily J., Krebs, Ruth, Krosch, Amy R., Krouwel, Andre P. M., Kyrychenko, Yara, Lagomarsino, Maria, Cunningham, Julia Lee, Lees, Jeffrey, Leung, Tak Yan, Levy, Neil, Lockwood, Patricia L., Longoni, Chiara, Ortega, Alberto López, Loschelder, David D., Lu, Jackson G., Luo, Yu, Luomba, Joseph, Lutz, Annika E., Majer, Johann M., Markowitz, Ezra, Marsh, Abigail A., Mascarenhas, Karen Louise, Mbilingi, Bwambale, Mbungu, Winfred, McHugh, Cillian, Meijers, Marijn H. C., Mercier, Hugo, Mhagama, Fenant Laurent, Michalaki, Katerina, Mikus, Nace, Milliron, Sarah G., Mitkidis, Panagiotis, Monge-Rodríguez, Fredy S., Mora, Youri L., Morais, Michael J., Moreau, David, Motoki, Kosuke, Moyano, Manuel, Mus, Mathilde, Navajas, Joaquin, Nguyen, Tam Luong, Nguyen, Dung Minh, Nguyen, Trieu, Niemi, Laura, Nijssen, Sari R. R., Nilsonne, Gustav, Nitschke, Jonas P., Nockur, Laila, Okura, Ritah, Öner, Sezin, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Palumbo, Helena, Panagopoulos, Costas, Panasiti, Maria Serena, Pärnamets, Philip, Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Pavlov, Yuri G., Payán-Gómez, César, Pearson, Adam R., da Costa, Leonor Pereira, Petrowsky, Hannes M., Pfattheicher, Stefan, Pham, Nhat Tan, Ponizovskiy, Vladimir, Pretus, Clara, Rêgo, Gabriel G., Reimann, Ritsaart, Rhoads, Shawn A., Riano-Moreno, Julian, Richter, Isabell, Röer, Jan Philipp, Rosa-Sullivan, Jahred, Ross, Robert M., Sabherwal, Anandita, Saito, Toshiki, Sarrasin, Oriane, Say, Nicolas, Schmid, Katharina, Schmitt, Michael T., Schoenegger, Philipp, Scholz, Christin, Schug, Mariah G., Schulreich, Stefan, Shreedhar, Ganga, Shuman, Eric, Sivan, Smadar, Sjåstad, Hallgeir, Soliman, Meikel, Soud, Katia, Spampatti, Tobia, Sparkman, Gregg, Spasovski, Ognen, Stanley, Samantha K., Stern, Jessica A., Strahm, Noel, Suko, Yasushi, Sul, Sunhae, Syropoulos, Stylianos, Taylor, Neil C., Tedaldi, Elisa, Tinghög, Gustav, Huynh, Luu Duc Toan, Travaglino, Giovanni Antonio, Tsakiris, Manos, Tüter, İlayda, Tyrala, Michael, Uluğ, Özden Melis, Urbanek, Arkadiusz, Valko, Danila, van der Linden, Sander, van Schie, Kevin, van Stekelenburg, Aart, Vanags, Edmunds, Västfjäll, Daniel, Vesely, Stepan, Vintr, Jáchym, Vranka, Marek, Wanguche, Patrick Otuo, Willer, Robb, Wojcik, Adrian Dominik, Xu, Rachel, Yadav, Anjali, Zawisza, Magdalena, Zhao, Xian, Zhao, Jiaying, Żuk, Dawid, and Van Bavel, Jay J.

Published
2024
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10. Psychological well-being in Europe after the outbreak of war in Ukraine

Author

Scharbert, Julian, Humberg, Sarah, Kroencke, Lara, Reiter, Thomas, Sakel, Sophia, ter Horst, Julian, Utesch, Katharina, Gosling, Samuel D., Harari, Gabriella, Matz, Sandra C., Schoedel, Ramona, Stachl, Clemens, Aguilar, Natalia M. A., Amante, Dayana, Aquino, Sibele D., Bastias, Franco, Bornamanesh, Alireza, Bracegirdle, Chloe, Campos, Luís A. M., Chauvin, Bruno, Coetzee, Nicoleen, Dorfman, Anna, dos Santos, Monika, El-Haddad, Rita W., Fajkowska, Malgorzata, Göncü-Köse, Asli, Gnisci, Augusto, Hadjisolomou, Stavros, Hale, III, William W., Katzir, Maayan, Khechuashvili, Lili, Kirchner-Häusler, Alexander, Kotzur, Patrick F., Kritzler, Sarah, Lu, Jackson G., Machado, Gustavo D. S., Martskvishvili, Khatuna, Mottola, Francesca, Obschonka, Martin, Paolini, Stefania, Perugini, Marco, Rohmer, Odile, Saeedian, Yasser, Sergi, Ida, Shani, Maor, Skimina, Ewa, Smillie, Luke D., Talaifar, Sanaz, Talhelm, Thomas, Tokat, Tülüce, Torres, Ana, Torres, Claudio V., Van Assche, Jasper, Wei, Liuqing, Yalçın, Aslı, van Zalk, Maarten, Bühner, Markus, and Back, Mitja D.

Published
2024
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14. Corrigendum to 'Xylazine is an agonist at kappa opioid receptors and exhibits sex-specific responses to opioid antagonism' [Addiction Neuroscience, Volume 11, June 2024, 100155]

Author

Madigan L. Bedard, Xi-Ping Huang, Jackson G. Murray, Alexandra C. Nowlan, Sara Y. Conley, Sarah E. Mott, Samuel J. Loyack, Calista A. Cline, Caroline G. Clodfelter, Nabarun Dasgupta, Brian Krumm, Bryan L. Roth, and Zoe A. McElligott

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Published
2024
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16. Psychological well-being in Europe after the outbreak of war in Ukraine

Author

Julian Scharbert, Sarah Humberg, Lara Kroencke, Thomas Reiter, Sophia Sakel, Julian ter Horst, Katharina Utesch, Samuel D. Gosling, Gabriella Harari, Sandra C. Matz, Ramona Schoedel, Clemens Stachl, Natalia M. A. Aguilar, Dayana Amante, Sibele D. Aquino, Franco Bastias, Alireza Bornamanesh, Chloe Bracegirdle, Luís A. M. Campos, Bruno Chauvin, Nicoleen Coetzee, Anna Dorfman, Monika dos Santos, Rita W. El-Haddad, Malgorzata Fajkowska, Asli Göncü-Köse, Augusto Gnisci, Stavros Hadjisolomou, William W. Hale, Maayan Katzir, Lili Khechuashvili, Alexander Kirchner-Häusler, Patrick F. Kotzur, Sarah Kritzler, Jackson G. Lu, Gustavo D. S. Machado, Khatuna Martskvishvili, Francesca Mottola, Martin Obschonka, Stefania Paolini, Marco Perugini, Odile Rohmer, Yasser Saeedian, Ida Sergi, Maor Shani, Ewa Skimina, Luke D. Smillie, Sanaz Talaifar, Thomas Talhelm, Tülüce Tokat, Ana Torres, Claudio V. Torres, Jasper Van Assche, Liuqing Wei, Aslı Yalçın, Maarten van Zalk, Markus Bühner, and Mitja D. Back

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract The Russian invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, has had devastating effects on the Ukrainian population and the global economy, environment, and political order. However, little is known about the psychological states surrounding the outbreak of war, particularly the mental well-being of individuals outside Ukraine. Here, we present a longitudinal experience-sampling study of a convenience sample from 17 European countries (total participants = 1,341, total assessments = 44,894, countries with >100 participants = 5) that allows us to track well-being levels across countries during the weeks surrounding the outbreak of war. Our data show a significant decline in well-being on the day of the Russian invasion. Recovery over the following weeks was associated with an individual’s personality but was not statistically significantly associated with their age, gender, subjective social status, and political orientation. In general, well-being was lower on days when the war was more salient on social media. Our results demonstrate the need to consider the psychological implications of the Russo-Ukrainian war next to its humanitarian, economic, and ecological consequences.

Published
2024
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17. Analysis of the Snake Venom Peptidome

Author

Serrano, Solange M. T., primary, Zelanis, André, additional, Miyamoto, Jackson G., additional, Hayashi, Jackelinne Y., additional, Kitano, Eduardo S., additional, and Tashima, Alexandre K., additional

Published
2024
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19. Corrigendum: Therapeutically targeting type I interferon directly to XCR1+ dendritic cells reveals the role of cDC1s in anti-drug antibodies

Author

Paul Noe, Joy H. Wang, Kyu Chung, Zhiyong Cheng, Jessica J. Field, Xiaomeng Shen, Stephanie C. Casey, Christa L. Cortesio, Cinthia V. Pastuskovas, Hyewon Phee, Kristin V. Tarbell, Jackson G. Egen, and Amy-Jo Casbon

Subjects
immunogenicity, interferon, immunotherapy, dendritic cells, conventional type I DCs, antibody IFN fusion, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Published
2024
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20. Xylazine is an agonist at kappa opioid receptors and exhibits sex-specific responses to opioid antagonism

Author

Madigan L. Bedard, Xi-Ping Huang, Jackson G. Murray, Alexandra C. Nowlan, Sara Y. Conley, Sarah E. Mott, Samuel J. Loyack, Calista A. Cline, Caroline G. Clodfelter, Nabarun Dasgupta, Brian Krumm, Bryan L. Roth, and Zoe A. McElligott

Subjects
Xylazine, Opioid, Fentanyl, Mouse, Pharmacology, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Xylazine is in the unregulated drug supply at increasing rates, usually combined with fentanyl, necessitating understanding of its pharmacology. Despite commentary from politicians, and public health officials, it is unknown how xylazine impacts naloxone efficacy, and. few studies have examined it alone. Here, we examine the impact of xylazine alone and in combination with fentanyl on several behaviors in mice. Surprisingly, naloxone precipitates withdrawal from xylazine and fentanyl/xylazine coadministration, with enhanced sensitivity in females. Further, xylazine is a full agonist at kappa opioid receptors, a potential mechanism for its naloxone sensitivity. Finally, we demonstrate surprising effects of xylazine to kappa opioid antagonism, which are relevant for public health considerations. These data address an ongoing health crisis and will help inform critical policy and healthcare decisions. One-sentence summary: We present surprising new insights into xylazine and fentanyl pharmacology with immediate implications for clinical practice and frontline public health.

Published
2024
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21. Teachers' Perceptions of 'ProEthica'® Program Learning Outcomes. Research Memorandum. ETS RM-20-09

Author

Educational Testing Service (ETS), Buzick, Heather M., Stone, Elizabeth A., and Jackson, G. Tanner

Abstract

Ethics education can provide an opportunity to educators to learn how to fulfill their professional responsibilities with regard to ethics, including making decisions that protect students' welfare. The "ProEthica"® program is a professional development program for teachers and administrators. The basic intended intermediate outcomes of the ProEthica program for teachers are that teachers will learn how to balance competing obligations and expectations in their relationships with students, colleagues, administrators, and the community and that they will gain knowledge about best practices and principles embodied in the Model Code of Educator Ethics. The purpose of this study was to collect initial evidence about the intended intermediate outcomes. Three surveys were developed and administered to teachers in a pilot school district before they began the ProEthica program, after they completed the program, and at the end of the program year. The study methodology and summaries of survey responses are documented in this report.

Published
2020

24. Collaborative Problem Solving Assessment in an Online Mathematics Task. Research Report. ETS RR-19-24

Author

Andrews-Todd, Jessica, Jackson, G. Tanner, and Kurzum, Christopher

Abstract

Collaborative problem solving (CPS) is an important 21st-century skill for academic and career success, and as a result, there is increased interest among businesses and educational institutions in the assessment and development of CPS skills. CPS skills are difficult to measure using traditional forms of assessment, and that difficulty has led to the use of computer environments that allow individuals to interact in complex situations and capture all actions throughout the process. In the current paper, we describe the design of a collaborative online mathematics task and explore student perceptions of the task and the extent to which the task elicits CPS skills. Results revealed areas of difficulty for students and showed that the task mostly elicited skills associated with the social dimension of CPS. We describe modifications to the task to provide better opportunities for students to display a broader range of CPS skills. An upcoming larger scale pilot study will explore whether the redesigned task can elicit the less observed CPS skills.

Published
2019

25. Collaborative Problem Solving Assessment in an Online Mathematics Task. Research Report. ETS RR-19-24

Author

Andrews-Todd, Jessica, Jackson, G. Tanner, and Kurzum, Christopher

Abstract

Collaborative problem solving (CPS) is an important 21st-century skill for academic and career success, and as a result, there is increased interest among businesses and educational institutions in the assessment and development of CPS skills. CPS skills are difficult to measure using traditional forms of assessment, and that difficulty has led to the use of computer environments that allow individuals to interact in complex situations and capture all actions throughout the process. In the current paper, we describe the design of a collaborative online mathematics task and explore student perceptions of the task and the extent to which the task elicits CPS skills. Results revealed areas of difficulty for students and showed that the task mostly elicited skills associated with the social dimension of CPS. We describe modifications to the task to provide better opportunities for students to display a broader range of CPS skills. An upcoming larger scale pilot study will explore whether the redesigned task can elicit the less observed CPS skills.

Published
2019
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29. Techno-economic feasibility assessment and performance analysis of standalone solar photo voltaic-biomass hybrid system with optimized storage: a case study—Grand Bassa, Liberia

Author

Jackson G. White, Ravi Samikannu, Moses Tunde Oladiran, Abid Yahya, Patricia Makepe, Gladys Gamariel, Nyagong Santino David Ladu, Bokang Agripa Tlhabologo, Maruliya Begam Kadarmydeen, Kanimozhi Gunasekaran, and Lilian Amuhaya

Subjects
electricity, biomass, solar photo voltaic, mini grid, gasifier, battery, General Works
Abstract

Introduction: Liberia has a significant obstacle in terms of restricted power accessibility, as only 26.7% of its populace have access to electrical energy. To tackle this issue, there is a collaborative effort between the government and private sector to undertake energy projects aimed at enhancing the power supply of the grid. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the techno-economic feasibility and analyze the performance of a standalone biomass/solar photovoltaic (PV) hybrid energy system for a rural Liberian community that mostly relies on traditional biomass.Methods: HOMER pro program was used to configure the system, model the community’s load over a year, and generate the resource data of the location.Results and Discussion: Four different configurations were obtained and analyzed both technically and economically to determine the most feasible configuration. This study has shown that a hybrid configuration incorporating Biomass Gasifier, Solar PV, and Battery storage is more feasible with annual output power of 77104 kWh/yr, LCOE ($/kwh) of 0.29 and NPC ($) of 0.3979 million. If implemented with external funding, it will enhance the education, economic and socio-economic status of rural settlements. The results will serve as a valuable resource for informing choices on the implementation of the hybrid energy solution and guaranteeing its sustained efficacy within the community.

Published
2024
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30. Efficient numerical integration of thermal interaction rates

Author

Jackson, G. and Laine, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

In many problems in particle cosmology, interaction rates are dominated by ${2}\leftrightarrow{2}$ scatterings, or get a substantial contribution from them, given that ${1}\leftrightarrow{2}$ and ${1}\leftrightarrow{3}$ reactions are phase-space suppressed. We describe an algorithm to represent, regularize, and evaluate a class of thermal ${2}\leftrightarrow{2}$ and ${1}\leftrightarrow{3}$ interaction rates for general momenta, masses, chemical potentials, and helicity projections. A key ingredient is an automated inclusion of virtual corrections to ${1}\leftrightarrow{2}$ scatterings, which eliminate logarithmic and double-logarithmic IR divergences from the real ${2}\leftrightarrow{2}$ and ${1}\leftrightarrow{3}$ processes. We also review thermal and chemical potential induced contributions that require resummation if plasma particles are ultrarelativistic., Comment: 48 pages, programs as ancillary files. v2: clarifications added

Published
2021
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34. Optimal control of a grid-connected photovoltaic agricultural water pumping system

Author

Mercy W. Mahinda, Evan M. Wanjiru, and Jackson G. Njiri

Subjects
Renewable energy, Photovoltaics, Energy cost optimization, Optimal control, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

Abstract Optimization of water pumping systems has been studied using various techniques which include classical, mathematical, and heuristics. Few studies have explored use of optimal controllers in agricultural water pumping applications. Some studies also ignore the interconnection between the water demand and energy used. Introduction of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV) necessitates different geographical studies as the intensity of the renewable energy varies widely with location. In this paper, an optimal controller for a batteryless grid-connected photovoltaic system to power water supply system for irrigation purposes was developed. The aim was to minimize the operational cost of grid energy by maximizing utilization of photovoltaic power and minimizing the utilization of grid power. A case study was done at a farm in Kajiado (−1.6033257 $$^{\circ }$$ ∘ latitude and 36.7863352 $$^{\circ }$$ ∘ longitude). The farm photovoltaic, grid power, water pumps (underground and booster pump), and storage tanks were modelled into a binary linear programming optimization problem and solved using intlinprog solver on MATLAB. Energy demand data was collected using a three-phase power logger, while water demand data was collected using onsite water meter and stopwatch timer. Photovoltaic power produced was estimated using Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS). Simulation results obtained show that the use of an optimal controller results in reduced cost of energy by 44.4%. Better utilization of renewable photovoltaic energy by 24% was observed, and 3.6% more water was pumped.

Published
2023
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35. Gravitational wave background from Standard Model physics: Complete leading order

Author

Ghiglieri, J., Jackson, G., Laine, M., and Zhu, Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We compute the production rate of the energy density carried by gravitational waves emitted by a Standard Model plasma in thermal equilibrium, consistently to leading order in coupling constants for momenta $k\sim \pi T$. Summing up the contributions from the full history of the universe, the highest temperature of the radiation epoch can be constrained by the so-called $N_{\rm eff}$ parameter. The current theoretical uncertainty $\Delta N_{\rm eff} \le 10^{-3}$ corresponds to $T_{\rm max} \le 2\times 10^{17}$ GeV. In the course of the computation, we show how a subpart of the production rate can be determined with the help of standard packages, even if subsequently an IR subtraction and thermal resummation need to be implemented., Comment: 33 pages. v2: clarifications and an ancillary data file added

Published
2020
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36. New proposal of viral genome representation applied in the classification of SARS-CoV-2 with deep learning

Author

Luísa C. de Souza, Karolayne S. Azevedo, Jackson G. de Souza, Raquel de M. Barbosa, and Marcelo A. C. Fernandes

Subjects
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, GSP, CGR DFT, Deep learning, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Background In December 2019, the first case of COVID-19 was described in Wuhan, China, and by July 2022, there were already 540 million confirmed cases. Due to the rapid spread of the virus, the scientific community has made efforts to develop techniques for the viral classification of SARS-CoV-2. Results In this context, we developed a new proposal for gene sequence representation with Genomic Signal Processing techniques for the work presented in this paper. First, we applied the mapping approach to samples of six viral species of the Coronaviridae family, which belongs SARS-CoV-2 Virus. We then used the sequence downsized obtained by the method proposed in a deep learning architecture for viral classification, achieving an accuracy of 98.35%, 99.08%, and 99.69% for the 64, 128, and 256 sizes of the viral signatures, respectively, and obtaining 99.95% precision for the vectors with size 256. Conclusions The classification results obtained, in comparison to the results produced using other state-of-the-art representation techniques, demonstrate that the proposed mapping can provide a satisfactory performance result with low computational memory and processing time costs.

Published
2023
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41. Therapeutically targeting type I interferon directly to XCR1+ dendritic cells reveals the role of cDC1s in anti-drug antibodies

Author

Paul Noe, Joy H. Wang, Kyu Chung, Zhiyong Cheng, Jessica J. Field, Xiaomeng Shen, Stephanie C. Casey, Christa L. Cortesio, Cinthia V. Pastuskovas, Hyewon Phee, Kristin V. Tarbell, Jackson G. Egen, and Amy-Jo Casbon

Subjects
immunogenicity, interferon, immunotherapy, dendritic cells, conventional type I DCs, antibody IFN fusion, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) are superior in antigen cross-presentation and priming CD8+ T cell anti-tumor immunity and thus, are a target of high interest for cancer immunotherapy. Type I interferon (IFN) is a potent inducer of antigen cross-presentation, but, unfortunately, shows only modest results in the clinic given the short half-life and high toxicity of current type I IFN therapies, which limit IFN exposure in the tumor. CD8+ T cell immunity is dependent on IFN signaling in cDC1s and preclinical studies suggest targeting IFN directly to cDC1s may be sufficient to drive anti-tumor immunity. Here, we engineered an anti-XCR1 antibody (Ab) and IFN mutein (IFNmut) fusion protein (XCR1Ab-IFNmut) to determine whether systemic delivery could drive selective and sustained type I IFN signaling in cDC1s leading to anti-tumor activity and, in parallel, reduced systemic toxicity. We found that the XCR1Ab-IFNmut fusion specifically enhanced cDC1 activation in the tumor and spleen compared to an untargeted control IFN. However, multiple treatments with the XCR1Ab-IFNmut fusion resulted in robust anti-drug antibodies (ADA) and loss of drug exposure. Using other cDC1-targeting Ab-IFNmut fusions, we found that localizing IFN directly to cDC1s activates their ability to promote ADA responses, regardless of the cDC1 targeting antigen. The development of ADA remains a major hurdle in immunotherapy drug development and the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing the development of ADA responses in humans is not well understood. Our results reveal a role of cDC1s in ADA generation and highlight the potential ADA challenges with targeting immunostimulatory agents to this cellular compartment.

Published
2023
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42. A thermal neutrino interaction rate at NLO

Author

Jackson, G. and Laine, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The interaction rate of an ultrarelativistic active neutrino at a temperature below the electroweak crossover plays a role in leptogenesis scenarios based on oscillations between active neutrinos and GeV-scale sterile neutrinos. By making use of a Euclideanization property of a thermal light-cone correlator, we determine the $O(g)$ correction to such an interaction rate in the high-temperature limit $\pi T \gg m_W$, finding a $\sim 15 ... 40\%$ reduction. For a benchmark point, this NLO correction decreases the lepton asymmetries produced by $\sim 1\%$., Comment: 24 pages

Published
2019
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43. Testing thermal photon and dilepton rates

Author

Jackson, G. and Laine, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Lattice
Abstract

We confront the thermal NLO vector spectral function (both the transverse and longitudinal channel with respect to spatial momentum, both above and below the light cone) with continuum-extrapolated lattice data (both quenched and with $N_{\rm f} = 2$, at $T \sim 1.2 T_{\rm c}$). The perturbative side incorporates new results, whose main features are summarized. The resolution of the lattice data is good enough to constrain the scale choice of $\alpha_{\rm s}$ on the perturbative side. The comparison supports the previous indication that the true spectral function falls below the resummed NLO one in a substantial frequency domain. Our results may help to scrutinize direct spectral reconstruction attempts from lattice QCD., Comment: 19 pages. v2: clarifications added

Published
2019
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45. Three-dimensional microenvironment regulates gene expression, function, and tight junction dynamics of iPSC-derived blood–brain barrier microvessels

Author

Raleigh M. Linville, Matthew B. Sklar, Gabrielle N. Grifno, Renée F. Nerenberg, Justin Zhou, Robert Ye, Jackson G. DeStefano, Zhaobin Guo, Ria Jha, John J. Jamieson, Nan Zhao, and Peter C. Searson

Subjects
Blood–brain barrier, Induced pluripotent stem cells, Brain microvascular endothelial cells, Three-dimensional models, Gene expression, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Abstract The blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays a pivotal role in brain health and disease. In the BBB, brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) are connected by tight junctions which regulate paracellular transport, and express specialized transporter systems which regulate transcellular transport. However, existing in vitro models of the BBB display variable accuracy across a wide range of characteristics including gene/protein expression and barrier function. Here, we use an isogenic family of fluorescently-labeled iPSC-derived BMEC-like cells (iBMECs) and brain pericyte-like cells (iPCs) within two-dimensional confluent monolayers (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) tissue-engineered microvessels to explore how 3D microenvironment regulates gene expression and function of the in vitro BBB. We show that 3D microenvironment (shear stress, cell-ECM interactions, and cylindrical geometry) increases BBB phenotype and endothelial identity, and alters angiogenic and cytokine responses in synergy with pericyte co-culture. Tissue-engineered microvessels incorporating junction-labeled iBMECs enable study of the real-time dynamics of tight junctions during homeostasis and in response to physical and chemical perturbations.

Published
2022
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