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Explores a British secondary school's 8-year involvement with the Improving the Quality of Education for All reform initiative, comparing three leadership models. Transactional and transformational leadership models are limited in long-term improvement efforts. Leadership themes based on values, shared leadership contexts, and capacity creation seem promising. (Contains 27 references.) (MLH)

Few studies have examined grain quality of food-grade sorghum hybrids. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of environment and hybrid on grain quality of commercially available food-grade sorghums. A randomized complete block experiment with three replications was planted in 12 environments, which included the 2004 and 2005 growing seasons and irrigated and dryland water regimes in eastern, central, and west central Nebraska and a dryland low-N environment in eastern Nebraska. Environment accounted for 5 to 140 times greater variation in measured parameters than hybrid, and the hybrid x environment interaction accounted for less than 2% of the total variation. Grain yield and kernel mass varied, with low yields of 1.4 Mg [ha.sup.-1] and kernels weighing 9.5 g 1000 [kernels.sup.-1] in the low-N 2004 environment, high grain yields of 10.5 Mg [ha.sup.-1] under irrigated conditions in central Nebraska in 2005, and kernels weighing 27.8 g 1000 [kernels.sup.-1] in the eastern Nebraska dryland 2005 environment. Harder grain was produced in 2005 than in 2004, with the west central and central 2005 environments having the lowest tangential abrasive dehulling device (TADD) removals of 14%. Non-food-grade hybrids produced higher grain yields and kernel mass than food-grade hybrids. Grain hardness was greater for non-food-grade and medium maturity hybrids when environmental means were lower (i.e., softer) but showed little or no difference in hardness when environmental means were high. Nebraska production environments have the capability to produce high quality food-grade sorghums for specific food uses to benefit both the producer and the food processor. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2009.08.0463

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation enhances grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench] yield, but influence on grain quality has not been measured. The objective was to determine the effect of cropping sequence (CS) and soil amendment (SA) on grain yield and quality. Sorghum grain yield and quality, soil N[O.sub.3]-N and water were measured in a rotation study in 2003 and 2004 on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam (fine, smectitic, mesic Typic Argiudoll). Cropping sequences were continuous sorghum, and sorghum rotated with non-nodulating and nodulating soybean. Soil amendments consisted of no amendment, manure (17-26 Mg dry matter [ha.sup.-1] [yr.sup.-1]), and N (84 kg [ha.sup.-1] [yr.sup.-1]). CS x SA interaction effects were found for most parameters. Retation with non-nodulating soybean without SA increased yield by 2.6 to 2.8 Mg [ha.sup.-1] over continuous sorghum without SA. Rotation without SA with nodulating soybean further increased yield by 1.7 to 1.8 Mg [ha.sup.-1] over rotation with non-nodulating soybean. Grain N increased by 0.5 to 1.0, 2.5 to 5.0, and 3.3 to 4.9 g [kg.sup.-1] for N application to continuous sorghum and sorghum rotated with non-nodulating and nodulating soybean, respectively. Tangential abrasive dehulling device (TADD) removal indicated that continuous sorghum without SA produced the softest grain with 43 to 44% TADD removal, and sorghum rotated with nodulating soybean with manure produced the hardest grain with 22 to 27% TADD removal. As food end-use opportunities for sorghum grain evolve, use of crop rotation and SA application will be important to produce grain with desirable quality attributes.

Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important crop in Brazil, and concerns about grain quality are increasingly important with increasing exports and use of grain for specific end-uses. A wide range of genotypes are grown and N application is required to produce high yields. The objectives of these studies were to: (i) determine N application effects on the kernel hardness and breakage susceptibility of a wide range of Brazilian genotypes ranging from dent to flint kernel types and (ii) determine relationships among kernel hardness and breakage susceptibility tests, yield and N and oil concentration. Three studies were conducted with a broad range of maize genotypes and N application rates of 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg [ha.sup.-1]. Grain was harvested and yields corrected for water content, and grain was evaluated through a series of chemical and physical quality tests. Application of 180 kg [ha.sup.-1] N application increased grain yield by 747 to 1466 kg [ha.sup.-1], increased grain N concentration by 0.9 to 2.4 g [kg.sup.-1], and increased hardness to a lesser extent, while reducing breakage susceptibility by 1.9 to 6.9%. Genotype had a much larger influence on grain quality parameters than did N rate. The limited correlation between grain yield, grain N concentration, and grain oil concentration to kernel hardness suggests that development of further improved genotypes with high maize yields and excellent dry milling grain quality is feasible in Brazil. The large variation in grain yield and dry milling grain quality in intermediate kernel-type (semident, semiflint) genotypes used in Brazil presents short-term potential to select hybrids that produce both high yield and good dry milling grain quality., MAIZE is one of the most important grain crops produced in Brazil, with over 12 million hectares in production (FAO, 2003). Brazilian maize genotypes have great genetic diversity, consisting of [...]

The article presents the discussion on coronavirus pandemic leading to considerable life disruption for young people. Topics include anticipating widespread increase in suicidal ideation, self-harm, depression, and anxiety in youth and adolescents; and community stress and impairment levels having a period of lower utilization being the need for the CAMHD services likely to be higher than pre-COVID.

Identifying practical and effective tools to evaluate the efficacy of cultural competency (cc) training in medicine continues to be a challenge. Multiple measures of various lengths and stages of psychometric testing exist, but none have emerged as a "gold standard." This review attempts to identify cc measures with potential to economically, efficiently, and effectively provide insight regarding the value of cc training efforts to make it easier for wider audience utilization. A scoping review of 11 online reference databases/search engines initially yielded 9,626 items mentioning cc measures. After the initial review, focus was placed on measures that assessed cultural competence of medical students, residents, and/or attending physicians. Six measures were identified and reviewed: (1) Cross-Cultural Care Survey, (2) Cultural Competence Health Practitioner Assessment, (3) Cultural Humility Scale, (4) Health Beliefs Attitudes Survey, (5) Tool for Assessing Cultural Competency Training, and (6) the Tucker-Culturally Sensitive Health-Care Provider Inventory. Relevant literature documenting use and current psychometric assessments for each measure were noted. Each measure was found to be of value for its particular purpose but needs more strenuous reliability and validity testing. A commitment to include psychometric assessments should be an expected part of studies utilizing these measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Repeated child and adolescent mental health residential treatment placements are important given such patterns can indicate inefficient and costly services, system of care imbalances and/or earlier treatment failure. Identifying factors that predict subsequent residential treatment placement at the same or more restrictive level of care can help the field consider assessment and intervention approaches to lessen multiple placements. The current study examined predictors of youth returning to the same or higher (more restrictive) level of care (vs. those who were successfully transitioned to home-based services) after an initial episode of community-based residential treatment. Although multiple variables predicted subsequent residential treatment placement, when entered together in a multiple logistic regression, younger age, the presence of an internalizing diagnosis (often with one or more externalizing diagnoses), rural facility location, and an unsuccessful discharge status from the initial residential treatment placement predicted greater likelihood of subsequent placement. Research and practice implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]