1. Biochemical aids to the staging of breast cancer
- Author
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J.W. Hillyard, Robert G. Newcombe, M. Worwood, G. L. Watkins, R. Fifield, J. W. Keyser, G. Groom, R.G. Fish, D.J.T. Webster, and C. Teasdale
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Breast Neoplasms ,Disease ,Pregnancy Proteins ,Breast cancer ,Carcinoembryonic antigen ,Discriminant function analysis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Stage (cooking) ,Neoplasm Staging ,biology ,business.industry ,Beta-2 microglobulin ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Transferrin ,General Medicine ,Blood Proteins ,medicine.disease ,Carcinoembryonic Antigen ,Ferritin ,C-Reactive Protein ,biology.protein ,Female ,business ,beta 2-Microglobulin - Abstract
Up to fifteen plasma proteins were measured before treatment in 249 women presenting with lumps in the breast. Concentrations showed considerable overlap between the various clinical stages, and were often normal even in metastatic disease. A discriminant function is proposed, based on measurement of C-reactive protein, beta 2-microglobulin, carcinoembryonic antigen and ferritin and calculation of a score for each subject. High-risk scores resulted for all 18 patients with Stage 4 (i.e., metastatic) disease, and the number of Stage 1 patients attaining high scores was consistent with the reported incidence of development of metastases in such a group. Follow-up studies are in progress.
- Published
- 1982