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The precession of an atomic nucleus can be approximately described as wobbling motion, arising from the coupling of a rotation and a harmonic vibration. Recently, a number of wobbling bands were reported at low spin, which violate the wobbling approximation that can be valid only at high spin. In the present work, we explore the nature of the reported low-spin wobbling bands. Via a new experiment including both angular correlation and linear polarization measurements, we demonstrate that one such band in 187Au is generated by dominant single-particle excitation rather than by the excitation of a wobbling phonon. Assessing the experimental proofs and discussions to assign the reported low-spin wobbling bands, we further point out that the imperfect research paradigm used previously would lead to unreliable identification of low-spin wobbling bands.

Angular distributions of quasielastic scattering and breakup of the neutron-rich halo nucleus 11Be on a 208Pb target at an incident energy of 140 MeV (about 3.5 times the Coulomb barrier) were measured at HIRFL-RIBLL. A strong suppression of the Coulomb nuclear interference peak is observed in the measured quasielastic scattering angular distribution. The result demonstrates for the first time the persistence of the strong breakup coupling effect reported so far for reaction systems involving neutron-halo nuclei at this relatively high incident energy. The measured quasielastic scattering cross sections are satisfactorily reproduced by continuum discretized coupled channel (CDCC) calculations as well as by the XCDCC calculations where the deformation of the 10Be core is taken into account. The angular and energy distributions of the 10Be fragments could also be well reproduced considering elastic breakup (CDCC and XCDCC) plus nonelastic breakup contributions, with the latter evaluated with the model by Ichimura, Austern and Vincent [1]. The comparison of the 10Be energy distributions with simple kinematical estimates evidence the presence of a significant post-acceleration effect which, in the (X)CDCC frameworks, is accounted for by continuum-continuum couplings.

The mass of 27P is expected to impact the X-ray burst (XRB) model predictions of burst light curves and the composition of the burst ashes, but large uncertainties and inconsistencies still exist in the reported 27P masses. We have used the β-decay spectroscopy of 27S to determine the most precise mass excess of 27P to date to be −659(9) keV, which is 63 keV (2.3σ) higher and a factor of 3 more precise than the value recommended in the 2016 Atomic Mass Evaluation. Based on the new 27P mass, the Si26(p,γ)27P reaction rate and its uncertainty were recalculated using Monte Carlo techniques. We also estimated the previously unknown mass excess of 27S to be 17678(77) keV, based on the measured β-delayed two-proton energy and the Coulomb displacement energy relations. The impact of these well-constrained masses and reaction rates on the modeling of the explosive astrophysical scenarios has been investigated by post-processing XRB and hydrodynamic nova models. Compared to the model calculations based on the masses and rates from databases, the abundance of A=26 in the burst ashes is increased by a factor of 2.4, while no substantial change was found in the XRB energy generation rate or the light curve. Our calculation also suggests that 27S is not a significant waiting point in the rapid proton capture process, and the change of the Si26(p,γ)27P reaction rate is not sufficiently large to affect the conclusion previously drawn on the nova contribution to the synthesis of galactic 26Al. Keywords: Masses of 27P and 27S, Si26(p,γ)27P reaction, X-ray bursts, Nova outbursts

The β-delayed two-proton emission from 22Al was investigated experimentally through the implantation-decay method. A β-delayed two-proton decay branch from 22Al were identified based on the coincidence of the charged particles and γ-ray signals. The relative momentum (qpp) and the opening angle (θpp) distributions of the two β-delayed protons are measured and a strong peak at qpp∼20MeV/c, as well as a peak at θpp∼30∘ are observed clearly. The β-delayed 2He emission from 22Al with a probability of 29 (13)% by fitting the experimental data with the results of Monte Carlo simulations.

β-decay studies of neutron-rich nuclei in and around the “island of inversion” have been performed. With a systematic investigation of half-lives for the isotonic chains from N=19 to 22, conspicuous kinks observed at Z=13 provide a clear signature of a boundary on the northern (high-Z) side of the island. Based on the comparison with shell model calculations using Gogny D1S and SDPF-M interactions, a newly determined 22+ state in 34Si at 4519 keV presents an experimental evidence of triaxiality in this region and sheds more light on the structure of the transition across the northern boundary of the island.

The decay of the lightest nucleus with Tz=−3, 22Si, was studied by a silicon array. A charged-particle group at 5600 (70) keV in the decay-energy spectrum was identified experimentally as β-delayed two-proton emission from the isobaric analog state (IAS) of 22Al. Experimental results of the IAS fed by a superallowed Fermi transition were compared with our large-scale shell-model calculations. The ground-state mass of 22Si was obtained indirectly in the experiment for the first time. Two-proton separation energy for 22Si is deduced to be −108 (125) keV, which indicates that it is a very marginal candidate for two-proton ground-state emission.

The T=3/2 isobaric analog state (IAS) in 53Co is firmly established through a comprehensive measurement of β-delayed γ and proton decay of 53Ni. The determined excitation energy of 53Co IAS combined with the mass of 53Co generates a precise mass excess of −38333.6(27) keV for the 53Co IAS, which is 70(18) keV lower than the previously adopted value. The new result solves a problem raised by incorrect assignments of the 53Co IAS of unexpected deviation from the isobaric multiplet mass equation (IMME) at A=53, T=3/2.

Sensory perceptual alterations such as sensory sensitivities in autism have been proposed to be caused by differences in sensory observation (Likelihood) or in forming models of the environment (Prior), which result in an increase in bottom-up information flow relative to top-down control. To investigate this conjecture, we had autistic individuals (AS) and neurotypicals (NT) perform a decision-under-uncertainty paradigm while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). There were no group differences in task performance and in Prior and Likelihood representations in brain activity. However, there were significant group differences in overall task activity, with the AS group showing significantly greater activation in the bilateral precuneus, mid-occipital gyrus, cuneus, superior frontal gyrus (SFG) and left putamen relative to the NT group. Further, when pooling the data across both groups, we found that those with higher AQ scores showed greater activity in the left cuneus and precuneus. Effective connectivity analysis using dynamic causal modelling (DCM) revealed that group differences in BOLD signals were underpinned by increased activity within sensory regions and a net increase in bottom-up connectivity from the occipital region to the precuneus and the left SFG. These findings support the hypothesis of increased bottom-up information flow in autism during sensory learning tasks.

The plasma background and impurity transport in the scrape-off layer (SOL) of the WEST tokamak are modeled for three discharges over a Psep power scan ranging between 1.5 and 2.35 MW. An extended modeling grid is used to investigate far-SOL sourcing from the WEST baffle and lower divertor. Divertor Langmuir probe data at the targets and upstream data from reciprocating Langmuir probes and interferometry/reflectometry is used to create a simulated background plasma with the OSM and EIRENE codes. W-I spectroscopic data from WEST at the lower divertor and baffle is used to estimate the sputtered W flux as an input to the impurity transport code DIVIMP. A potential mechanism for far-SOL impurities from the baffle to transport into the near-SOL is proposed and discussed in terms of the model’s force balances. Analysis of simulated impurity transport showed similar impurity density at the separatrix for the mid and high-power cases despite the high-power case having 10% more sputtered W. This is explained by the combination of differing trends in the sourcing and screening with scaling power.

We describe a new strain named Bartonella gabonensis sp. nov. strain 669T (CSURB1083). The entire genome of this strain is described here. It was isolated from a savannah rodent, a brush-furred rat (Lophuromys sp.), trapped the city of Franceville in Gabon, in Central Africa. B. gabonensis is an aerobic, rod-shaped and Gram-negative bacterium. On the basis of the organism's features, and following a taxonogenomic approach, we propose the creation of the species Bartonella gabonensis sp. nov.

In this paper, we propose a simple circular photonic crystal fiber (SC-PCF) of silica core having six uniform air-holes and four uniform tiny air-holes arranged at the apexes of square inside the core. The finite element method is used for the numerical analysis of performance parameters. It is found that SC-PCF with four tiny air-holes, i.e., proposed SC-PCF has high negative dispersion of −600.3 ps/nm.km and −366.5 ps/nm.km at 1.3 µm and 1.55 µm operating wavelength, respectively, which is far higher than the previously reported PCFs. The obtained dispersion is highest negative among the air-hole based PCFs. Further, the proposed SC-PCF has ultralow confinement loss of 9.9 × 10−7 dB/cm and 5.13 × 10−5 dB/cm at 1.3 µm and 1.55 µm operating wavelength, respectively, which is far lower than the previously reported PCFs. However, proposed SC-PCF does not show significant improvement in birefringence, i.e. 0.00124 and 0.00145 at 1.3 µm and 1.55 µm operating wavelength, respectively, which is compensated for its high effective area, low coupling loss, and low effective material loss.

Anthelmintic resistance is a global problem that threatens sustainable control of the equine gastrointestinal cyathostomins (Phylum Nematoda; Superfamily Strongyloidea). Of the three novel anthelmintic classes that have reached the veterinary market in the last decade, none are currently licenced in horses, hence current control regimens focus on prolonging the useful lifespan of licenced anthelmintics. This approach would be facilitated by knowledge of the resistance mechanisms to the most widely used anthelmintics, the macrocyclic lactones (ML). There are no data regarding resistance mechanisms to MLs in cyathostomins, although in other parasitic nematodes, the ABC transporters, P-glycoproteins (P-gps), have been implicated in playing an important role. Here, we tested the hypothesis that P-gps are, at least in part, responsible for reduced sensitivity to the ML ivermectin (IVM) in cyathostomins; first, by measuring transcript levels of pgp-9 in IVM resistant versus IVM sensitive third stage larvae (L3) pre-and post-IVM exposure in vitro. We then tested the effect of a range of P-gp inhibitors on the effect of IVM against the same populations of L3 using the in vitro larval development test (LDT) and larval migration inhibition test (LMIT). We demonstrated that, not only was pgp-9 transcription significantly increased in IVM resistant compared to IVM sensitive L3 after anthelmintic exposure (p

Foram utilizadas 1200 poedeiras comerciais da linhagem Lohmann LSL, com 64 semanas, em gaiolas convencionais. Estas foram divididas em cinco grupos, de acordo com o nível de energia metabolizável aparente corrigida pelo nitrogênio (EMAn) presente em sua dieta: 2700kcal/kg; 2775kcal/kg; 2850kcal/kg; 2925kcal/kg; e 3000kcal/kg, com seis repetições. As aves receberam as rações, á base de milho e farelo de soja, por 16 semanas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, e as médias foram submetidas à regressão polinomial e ao teste de Kruskal-Wallis. O aumento de EMAn não exerceu efeito sobre a produção, a massa e o peso de ovos, bem como sobre o peso das aves e a viabilidade. O consumo de ração diminuiu de acordo com o aumento na energia da dieta, porém a conversão energética foi pior com esse aumento. Em contrapartida, a conversão alimentar melhorou o aumento dos níveis de EMAn. O consumo de EMAn é constante independentemente do seu nível dietético. Não há diferença nas unidades Haugh, nos sólidos da gema e na porcentagem dos componentes do ovo. O peso específico melhora com o aumento dos níveis de EMAn. Os níveis nutricionais para poedeiras velhas podem estar sendo superestimados.

Catch card returns completed by visitors and locals angling in the fishing area of the Tsitsikamma National Park between 1991 and 1995, as well as results of scientific fishing in the whole park between 1989 and 1991 were analysed. Species composition, catch per unit effort (cpue) and seasonality were determined. Seventy-six percent of the 1 147 catch cards suitable for analysis were submitted by visiting anglers, who caught a total of 1 638 fish weighing approximately 1 522 kg during 4 654 angler-hours. This was almost double the 948 fish, weighing about 611 kg, landed during 1 863 angler-hours by local anglers. A total of 709 fish weighing 774 kg was recorded during the 461 scientific fishing angler- hours. The mean annual cpue of visitors was lower than that of locals (35 @ 1 SE vs. 55 @ 3 SE fish/I 00 angler-hours), while the cpue recorded during the sci- entific fishing throughout the park was 154 fish/100 angler-hours. Species most frequently caught by visitors were Sarpa salpa (22.6 ), Amblyrhynchotes honckenii (19.6 ) and Diplodus sargus capensis (6.7 ), while the catches of locals were dominated by S. salpa (36.7 ), Boopsoidea inornata (21.8 ) and Pomatomus saltatrix (10.4 ). Outside the open fishing area scientific catches were dominated by D. sargus capensis (20 ), Cheimerius nufar (13 ), Pachymetopon grande (9 ) and Dichistius capensis (6 ). Fewer than 2.5 of the bony fish caught in the fishing area weighed more than 3 kg. Catch rates of most species varied seasonally, with the overall cpue of both visitors and locals peaking between October and April. The cpue in the fishing area of the park was at least 2.5 times lower than that recorded in the De Hoop Nature Reserve and Terrace Bay in the Skeleton Coast National Park. However, the cpue recorded during scientific fishing throughout the Tsitsikamma National Park compared favourably with that recorded in other protected areas.

La gestion des aménités s'inscrit dans un cadre de régulation associant action publique, action collective et coordinations privées. L'action publique peut prendre une forme dite " indirecte " comprenant notamment l'organisation des interactions entre acteurs et le soutien aux actions collectives. Les acteurs du tourisme et des loisirs y sont présumés favorables à la gestion des aménités de par la valorisation qu'il en tirent. La question est alors d'établir comment et à quelle condition ils peuvent participer le plus activement à cette gestion. L'article présente le cadre d'analyse, celui de la recherche en gestion appliquée aux territoires et à l'environnement. Il propose une typologie des acteurs du tourisme, rappelle leur diversité et leurs relations ambiguës avec l'environnement. Il présente trois études de cas réalisées en 2000 dans le Massif Central. Ces cas suggèrent plusieurs hypothèses supplémentaires : l'implication parfois individuelle mais rarement collective et spontanée d'acteurs spécialisés du tourisme, l'importance d'acteurs dits " mixtes " qui associent de façon explicite des objectifs touristiques et autres (pédagogique, ou agricole...), l'importance des acteurs publics, dans un contexte territorial en pleine évolution, la nécessité d'outils pour mobiliser la médiation d'un ensemble de prestataires touristiques. Un besoin de connaissance est perceptible concernant les articulations entre certaines logiques différentes, et les démarches et méthodes pour alimenter l'action publique et collective indirecte en faveur de la gestion des aménités.

Les projets collectifs constituent un élément spécifique de la mise en oeuvre d'une politique multi-objectifs telle que celle des contrats territoriaux d'exploitation (CTE). L'analyse qualitative d'un échantillon de 63 projets collectifs montre la forte diversité des projets ainsi élaborés, du point de vue à la fois de l'étendue des actions proposées et des préoccupations visées, de l'organisation interne des ensembles ainsi formés, et enfin, de leur mode d'insertion dans le réseau relationnel des agriculteurs. Dans la perspective d'une évaluation ultérieure de la politique des CTE, les résultats obtenus invitent à porter une attention particulière à ces différentes caractéristiques ainsi qu'à l'organisation du dispositif départemental dans lequel prennent place les projets collectifs.

Les évolutions de la politique agricole commune ont institué des outils de maîtrise des productions animales tels que les « droits à produire » (quotas laitiers) ou « droits à prime » (PMTVA, PCO...). La gestion « administrative » de ces droits en fait un outil d'une politique d'orientation et de gestion de l'agriculture, qui est du ressort de la Commission départementale d'orientation de l'agriculture (CDOA). Cet article rend compte d'un travail méthodologique mené dans le Massif central par le CNASEA en association avec le Cemagref ainsi que les ADASEA et DDAF de trois départements pilotes (Aveyron, Cantal, Creuse) . Le but était de produire des recommandations pour mobiliser au mieux les données administratives en département, les analyser en liaison avec les autres sources d'information statistiques, et constituer ainsi un dispositif d'aide à la gestion. Le recueil de recommandations diffusé à l'été 1997 porte sur : la constitution d'une base de données départementale ; son utilisation à des fins d'analyse. Cette utilisation se décline en termes de descriptif global de l'agriculture, de tableau de bord pour la gestion des flux de droits, d'analyse par systèmes de production, et d'analyse territoriale. L'article présente certains éléments techniques-clés tels que les principes et les contraintes de la constitution de la base de données, l'intérêt d'un calcul d'équivalence entre productions, les diverses approches cartographiques. Il informe des suites données réellement dans les trois départements pilotes, et d'une étude complémentaire en cours. Enfin, les perspectives sont esquissées : évolution du contexte politique et réglementaire donnant encore plus d'actualité à ce travail méthodologique, évolution du dispositif informatique en DDAF qui devrait lever certaines contraintes. La mobilisation des données administratives, malgré les limites de celles-ci, offre un potentiel d'aide à la gestion très intéressante, mais coûteuse en temps, d'où la nécessité d'une réflexion sur l'organisation de cette gestion et sur les moyens humains à y consacrer.

Les fromages d'Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée (AOC) représentent un enjeu économique important pour le Massif central, et l'Auvergne en particulier. Dix fromages d'AOC du Massif central on représenté en 1996, 65 000 t, ce qui fait de cette zone le premier espace régional concerné par les AOC fromagères avec 38 % du tonnage national. Le développement de la filière et l'amélioration de la qualité des fromages d'AOC sont abordés au sein de deux pôles de Recherche-Développement (Pôle Zones Sensibles et Pôle Fromager AOC Massif central) dont quelques exemples de travaux sont présentés dans ce texte. En ce qui concerne le lien entre produit et terroir, il existe maintenant des éléments objectifs permettant de montrer l'effet de certains facteurs d'amont sur les caractéristiques sensorielles des fromages comme la diversité floristique des prairies par exemple ; d'autres relèvent davantage du système de production tels le mode de conservation du fourrage et le stade physiologique des animaux.... Il faut ensuite s'interroger sur la viabilité technique et économique de ces systèmes de production. Enfin, un outil d'identification et d'analyse des terroirs laitiers a été élaboré. En croisant les caractéristiques du milieu physique et des systèmes d'élevage, il pourrait enrichir progressivement les résultats des études précédentes. La perception de la qualité par le consommateur a également fait l'objet de travaux scientifiques, dans le cadre du programme européen RIPPLE, lancé en 1997. Ce programme porte sur «les images régionales et la promotion des produits et services de qualité» et vise à élaborer des recommandations sur les politiques à mettre en place dans ce domaine pour le développement des zones rurales défavorisées. La prise de conscience depuis quelques années d'un nécessaire recentrage de ces productions et d'une affirmation plus forte de leur relation au terroir est porteuse d'avenir. Elle devrait permettre une valorisation accrue tout en préservant leur qualité et leur image positive. Les incidences en terme d'emplois et donc de développement local sont réelles.

Les espaces « sensibles » sont définis, dans le cadre de cette communication, comme des espaces à ruraux à faible densité, connaissant ou ayant connu des évolutions démographiques négatives. L'insuffisance démographique y constitue l'un des principaux handicaps à la recherche (supposée) d'un nouveau développement, notamment par la difficulté à trouver des ressources humaines locales pour le prendre en charge. Mais il semble que l'on assiste à présent, même dans les zones rurales à faible densité, à une évolution démographique qui n'est pas uniformément négative, avec des phénomènes de migration intéressants : ce point fait l'objet d'un premier développement. Le développement économique est nécessaire pour retenir la population locale, voire pour attirer de nouveaux résidents, et parallèlement, ce dernier peut-être stimulé par l'accueil de nouvelles populations. Le point de vue adopté dans cette communication est celui du développement au service de la vie locale, en privilégiant les questions de la relation entre activités, emplois et démographie, de la répartition et de la diffusion des activités au sein des espaces sensibles. Après une évocation des secteurs d'activité agricole et industriel, les fonctions d'accueil des territoires ruraux sont examinées tout d'abord globalement, en considérant toutes les formes d'accueil de populations dont les ressources sont d'origine externe (retraités, migrants alternants, touristes,...), puis en développant l'exemple du tourisme rural diffus. Enfin, en s'appuyant sur ces analyses, des voies de contribution de la Recherche à l'action publique sont mises en perspectives.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of whole body vibration (WBV) exercise on oxidative stress markers in a group of women with fibromyalgia (FM) compared to a group of healthy women (CT). Twenty-one women diagnosed with FM and 21 age- and weight-matched healthy women were enrolled the study. Plasma oxidative stress markers (primary outcomes) were evaluated at rest and after WBV, and included thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), iron reduction capacity (FRAP), superoxide dismutase antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD), and catalase (CAT). At rest, the FM group had higher TBARS (P