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2. Epidemiological role of birds in the transmission and maintenance of zoonoses

Author

A, Contreras, A, Gómez-Martín, A, Paterna, J, Tatay-Dualde, M, Prats-Van Der Ham, J C, Corrales, C, De La Fe, and A, Sánchez

Subjects
Birds, Foodborne Diseases, Risk Factors, Zoonoses, Animals, Humans, Animal Migration, Animals, Wild, Pets, Poultry Products, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Diet
Abstract

The risk of zoonoses spreading from birds to humans is lower, quantitatively speaking, than the risk of transmission between other host groups, because the two taxonomic groups share fewer pathogens. Nevertheless, birds have a number of epidemiological characteristics that make them extremely important hosts in the transmission and maintenance of zoonoses, including their susceptibility to pathogens that are extremely hazardous to humans (such as highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, West Nile virus and Chlamydia psittaci) and their ability to travel long distances, especially in the case of migratory birds. The fact that the human diet includes poultry products (meat, eggs and their by-products) also means that most human cases of foodborne zoonoses are infections of avian origin. Lastly, close contact between humans and pet birds or urban birds leads to interactions of public health concern. This article sets out to describe the main factors that determine the role of birds in the epidemiology of zoonotic infections.Le risque que les oiseaux transmettent des zoonoses à l’homme est moins élevé, au plan quantitatif, qu’entre hôtes d’autres catégories, car le nombre d’agents pathogènes affectant à la fois ces deux groupes taxonomiques est moindre. Cependant, certaines particularités épidémiologiques des oiseaux leur font jouer un rôle d’hôtes importants dans la persistance et la transmission de zoonoses : d’une part, leur sensibilité à des agents pathogènes dangereux pour l’homme (par exemple, le virus de l’influenza aviaire hautement pathogène, le virus de West Nile, Chlamydia psittaci) et, d’autre part, leur capacité à se déplacer sur de longues distances, notamment dans le cas des oiseaux migrateurs. En outre, les produits avicoles faisant partie des denrées alimentaires consommées par l’homme (viande de volaille, oeufs et produits dérivés), la majorité des cas de zoonoses d’origine alimentaire diagnostiqués chez l’homme sont d’origine aviaire. Enfin, les contacts étroits entre les humains et leurs oiseaux de compagnie ou avec des oiseaux des villes entraînent des interactions qui sont à prendre en compte en santé publique. Les auteurs décrivent les principales caractéristiques épidémiologiques des oiseaux jugées déterminantes par rapport aux infections zoonotiques.El riesgo de transmisión de zoonosis de aves a humanos es menor, cuantitativamente hablando, que el que tiene lugar entre otros grupos de hospedadores, debido a que estos dos grupos taxonómicos comparten un menor número de agentes patógenos. No obstante, algunas particularidades epidemiológicas de las aves las convierten en hospedadores de gran importancia en el mantenimiento y la transmisión de zoonosis, como su capacidad de contraer infecciones por agentes patógenos peligrosos para los humanos (como el virus de la influenza aviar altamente patógena, el virus del Nilo Occidental o Chlamydia psittaci, entre otros) así como su gran capacidad de desplazamiento, especialmente en el caso de las aves migratorias. Además, el hecho de que la alimentación humana incluya productos avícolas (carne y huevos y productos derivados) hace que la mayoría de casos de zoonosis de origen alimentario diagnosticados en humanos sean infecciones de origen aviar. Por último, el estrecho contacto entre humanos y mascotas aviares o aves urbanas conlleva interacciones de interés para la salud pública. Este trabajo pretende describir los principales determinantes epidemiológicos de las aves en relación con las infecciones zoonósicas.

Published
2017

3. Splenic rupture and haemoperitoneum in a patient with non-compaction of the left ventricular myocardium

Author

J Tatay, C.M. Peiró, M Gudín-Uriel, M Revert, Carlos L. Errando, and A Serrano-Romero

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Critical Care, Heart disease, medicine.drug_class, Cardiomyopathy, Perioperative Care, Blunt, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, business.industry, Anticoagulant, Anticoagulants, Splenic Rupture, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Surgery, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Embolism, Abdominal trauma, Shock (circulatory), Hemoperitoneum, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, Cardiomyopathies, Complication, business
Abstract

The anaesthetic and critical care management of blunt abdominal trauma in a patient previously diagnosed with non-compaction of the left ventricular myocardium (a rare autosomal dominant inherited disease) is reported. The management was influenced by the presence of an implanted automated internal defibrillator and treatment with anticoagulants because of the high frequency of severe arrhythmias and systemic embolism. The pathophysiology of ventricular non-compaction is reviewed briefly.

Published
2005
Full Text
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4. Fourth meeting of the European Neurological Society 25–29 June 1994 Barcelona, Spain

Author

H. Hattig, C. Delli Pizzi, M. C. Addonizio, Michelle Davis, A. R. Giovagnoli, L. Florensa, M. Roth, J. de Kruijk, Francisco Lacruz, Ph. Dewailly, A. Toygar, C. Avendano, P.P. De Deyn, J. F. Hurtevent, F. Lomeila, T. W. Wong, Gordon T. Plant, M. Bud, H. J. Willison, DH Miller, D. W. Langdon, R. Cioni, J. Servan, A. Kaygisiz, E. Racadot, D. B. Schens, E. Picciola, L. Falip, C. Bouchard, J. Jotova, A. Jorge-Santamaria, P. Misra, A. Dufour, C. P. Panagopoulos, A. Venneri, B. Sredni, B. Angelard, M. Janelidze, M. Carreno, J. Obenberger, J. Pouget, H. W. Moser, R. Kaufmann, J. A. Molina, D. Linden, A. Martin Urda, E. Uvestad, A. Krone, J. P. Cochin, J. Mallecourt, A. Cambon-Thomsen, K. Violleau, P. Osschmann, A. M. Durocher, E. Bussaglia, D. M. Danielle, H. Efendi, C. Van Broeckhoven, K. G. Jordan, W. Rautenberg, C. Iniguez, J. M. Delgado, Graham Watson, M. Lawden, Gareth J. Barker, K. Stiasny, James T. Becker, G. Campanella, E. Peghi, A. Poli, A. Haddad, T. Yamawaki, Giacomo P. Comi, S. Sotgiu, B. Ersmark, A. Pomes, M. Ziegler, P. Ferrante, P. Ruppi, H. KuÇukoglu, R. Bouton, U. K. Rinne, P. Vieregge, M. Dary, P. Giunti, Peter J. Goadsby, S. Jung, E. Secor, A. Steinberg, N. Vila, M. A. Hernandez, M. Cursi, A. Enqelhardt, A. Engelhardt, J. Veitch, F. Di Silverio, F. Arnaud, B. Neundörfer, R. Brucher, Dominique Caparros-Lefebvre, B. Meyer, Marianne Dieterich, M. H. Snidaro, R. Gomez, R. Cerbo, M. Ragno, J. M. Vance, S. Nemni, A. Caliskan, F. Barros, I. Velcheva, D. Ceballos-Baumann, V. Barak, A. Avila, N. Antonova, F. Resche, S. Pappata, L. Varela, S. R. Silveira Santos, A. Cammarota, L. Naccache, Y. Nara, E. Tournier-Lasserves, R. Mobner, T. Chase, A. Ensenyat, J. Ulrich, G. Giegerich, M. Rother, M. Revilla, N. Nitschke, K. Honczarenko, E. Basart Tarrats, J. Blin, B. Jacob, J. Santamaria, S. Knezevic, J. L. Castillo, M. Antem, J. Colomer, O. Busse, Didier Hannequin, S. Carrier, J. B. Ruidavets, C. Rozman, J. Bogoussslavsky, J. Pascual Calvet, E. Monros, J. M. Polo, M. Zucconl, Javier Muruzabal, R. R. Allen, R. Rivolta, K. Haugaard, A. Nespolo, K. Hoang-Xuang, G. Bussone, T. Avramidis, E. Corsini, Christiana Franke, T. Vinogradova, H. Boot, K. Vestergaard, G. H. Jansen, N. Argentino, M. Raltzig, W. Linssen, Mark B. Pepys, P. Roblot, L. Lauritzen, E. Fainardi, D. Morin, T. X. Arbizu Urdiain, J. Wollenhaupt, S. Bostantjopoulou, G. Pavesi, A. D. Forman, Giovanni Fabbrini, D. Jean, J. J. Archelos, M. I. Blanchs, M. Del Gobbo, Anna Carla Turconi, Ch. Derouesné, Elio Scarpini, A. Visbeck, P. Castejon, J. P. Renou, F. Mounier-Vehier, G. Potagas, Ch. Duyckaerts, A. Filla, R. Schneider, G. Ronen, K. Nagata, J. P. Vedel, A. Henneberg, G. van Melle, C. Baratti, H. Knott, M. C. Prevett, A. Bes, B. Metin, Jos V. Reempts, L. Martorell, Mefkure Eraksoy, H. O. Handwerker, D. S. Younger, O. Oktem, D. Frongillo, C. Soriano-Soriano, L. Niehaus, F. Zipp, A. Tartaro, S Newman, R. H. Browne, P. Davous, R. Sanchez, M. Muros, M. E. Kornhuber, A. Lavarone, M. Mohr, M. R. Garcia, S. Russell, H. Kellar-Wood, M. R. Tola, B. Ostermeyer, Ch. Tzekov, K. Sartor, E. B. Ringelstein, P. P. Gazzaniga, Paul Krack, H. Fidaner, H. Rico, T. Dbaiss, F. Alameda, E. Torchiana, L. Rumbach, I. Charques, J. M. Bogaard, C. D. Frith, L. J. Rappelle, R. Brenner, A. Joutel, K. Fuxe, G. HÄcker, M. J. Blaser, J. Valls-SolÇ, G. Ulm, M. Alberdi, A. Bock, F. W. Bertelsmann, U. Wieshmann, J. Visa, J. R. Lupski, D. D'Amico, L. M. P. Ramos, A. A. Vanderbark, R. Horn, M. Warmuth, Dietmar Kühne, Mark S. Palmer, C. Ehrenheim, E. Canga, S. Viola, O. Scarpino, P. Naldi, R. Almeida, A. A. Raymond, J. Gamez, Stephan Arnold, A. DiGiovanni, J. Dalmau, C. C. Chari, H. F. Beer, J. C. Koetsier, J. Iriarte, E. Yunis, J. Casadevall, E. Le Guern, E. Stenager, S. R. Benbadis, J. M. Warter, F. Burklin, I. Theodorou, L. Johannesen, G. A. Graveland, X. Leclerc, I. Vecchio, L. Ozelius, G. Nicoletti, R. K. Gherardi, E. Esperet, M. L. Delodovici, F. Cattin, F. Paiau, Giorgio Sacilotto, C. A. J. Broere, D. Chavdarov, J. P. Willmer, C. H. Hawkes, Th. Naegele, E. Ellie, E. Dartigues, M. J. Guardiola, S. Hesse, Z. Levic, Marco Rovaris, P. Saugeir-Veber, B. A. Yaqub, H. F. Durwen, R. Larumbe, J. Ballabrina, M. Sendtner, J. Röther, M. Horstink, C. Kluglein, M.P. Montesi, H. Apaydin, J. Montoya, E. Waubant, Ch. Verellen-Dunoulin, A. Nicolai, J. Lopez-Delval, R. Lemon, G. Cantinho, E. Granieri, A. Zeviani, Wolfgang H. Oertel, U. Ficola, V. Di Piero, V. Fragola, K. Sabev, M. V. Guitera, I. Turki, F. Bolgert, P. Ingrand, J. M. Gobernado, L. M. E. Grimaldi, S. Baybas, B. Eymard, Y. Rolland, Y. Robitaille, Ta. Pampols, P. J. Koehler, A. Carroacedo, J. Vilchez, S. Di Vittorio, I. R. Rise, T. Nagy, M. Kuffner, E. Palazzini, A. Ott, J. Pruim, T. X. Arbizu, E. Manetti, C. Cervera, S. Felber, G. Gursoy, J. Scholz, G. A. Buscaino, M. S. Chen, A. Pascual, J. Hazan, J. U. Gajda, J. G. Cea, G. Bottini, G. Damalik, F. Le Doze, G. Bonaldi, J. M. Hew, C. Messina, A. M. Kennedy, J. M. Carney, N. M. F. Murray, M. Parent, M. Koepp, V. Dimova, D. De Leo, K. Jellinger, G. Salemi, S. Mientus, M. L. Hansen, F. Mazzucchelli, J. Vieth, M. Mauri, E. Bartels, L. Johannsen, C. Humphreys, J. Emile, D. N. Landon, E. Kansu, R. Sanchez-Pernaute, Rsj Frackowiak, M. Gonzalez Torres, L. Oller, C. Machedo, J. Kother, M. Billiard, H. Durak, T. Schindler, A. Frank, A. Uncini, A. Sbriccoli, C. Farinas, D. W. Paty, N. Fast, A. T. Zangaladze, A. Kerkhofs, J. M. Pino Garcia, I. De la Fuente, B. Marini, L. Gomez, I. Rubio, Alessandra Bardoni, C. Brodie, P. Acin, U. Sliwka, S. A. Hawkins, S. Tardieu, F. Vitullo, J. M. Pereira Monteino, R. Gagliardi, T. Jezewski, A. Cano, T. Lempert, F. Abad Alegria, G. Rotondo, D. Ince, C. Martinez Parra, Y. Huang, H. Luders, Y. Steinvil, F. G. A. Van Der Meche, R. Bianchi, A. Sanchez, T. Sevilla, J. M. Ketelslegers, A. Domzal-Stryga, M. Pandolfo, M. O. Josse, K. W. Neff, I. Blanco, G. W. Bruyn, O. W. Witte, J. L. Thibault, G. Andersen, J. Pariset, A. Marcone, R. J. M. Lane, A. Hofman, M. Verin, T. Matilla, P. Bedoucha, J. Roche, M. Lai, M. Collard, A. Ugarte, F. Gallecho, D. Silbersweig, C. Kennard, J. P. Azulay, T. W. Ho, P. L. I. Dellemijn, R. Girardello, F. Baas, B. Voss, F. Rozenberg, E. M. Brocker, V. Stanev, A. A. J. Soeterboek, A. Marra, A. Rey, E. Ertem, M. Sawradewicz-Rybak, J. De Keyser, P. Cavallari, F. Proust, Y. Chevalier, H. C. Hansen, D. Leys, C. A. Davie, K. Hoang-Xuan, C. Bairati, H. van Crevel, Thomas T. Warner, B. Bompais, A. Dobbeleir, T Campbell, C. Macko, C. J. M. Klijn, M. Dussallant, T. P. Berlit, W. Rozenbaum, M. J. van den Bent, W. A. Rocca, M. Muller, H. Hundemer, U. Zifko, M. Campera, F. Drislane, D. Ranoux, T. M. Kloss, Anil Kumar, I. Ruolt, C. Bargnani, B. Marescau, N. A. Losseff, S. Notermans, B. Kint, E. T. Burke, C. Aykut, J. Matias Guiu, P. Maquet, T. Drogendijk, M. Leone, K. von Ammon, M. Pepeliarska, C. Prados, L. DiGiamberardino, T. Logtenberg, G. Lenoir, I. Castaldo, Damhaut, M. Radionova, G. Sirabian, R. Navon, Giovanni Antonini, K. Al Moutaery, E. Chamas, R. Schönhuber, M. Giannini, B. Debilly, I. Labatut, H. Henon, J. A. Egido, M. Baudrimont, J. N. Lorenzo, J. E. C. Bromberg, R. Antonacci, J. J. Vilchez, T. Moulin, B. Rautenstrauss, Giovanni Meola, J. Noth, S Mammi, P. Laforet, F. Lopez, C. Gehring, S. Bort, G. Rancurel, D. Decamps, S. Kostadinova, Y. Shapira, B. Neundoerfer, D. Chavrot, M. Solimena, J. P. Salier, W. Deberdt, R. Hoff-Jörgensen, A. Messina, S. Meairs, G. Rosoklija, E. Nelis, I. Bertran, C. Ertekin, J. Lohmeyer, Mitermayer Galvao dos Reis, L. Calo, E. Maccagnano, A. P. Hays, J. Verlooy, M. G. Forno, T. Blanco, L. Bail, Gabriella Silvestri, J. Montero, F. Bertrand, R. T. Ghnassia, C. Besses, T. Sereghy, F. Shalit, G. Bogliun, S. Braghi, St. Baykouchev, C. Franke, A. Lasa, L. C. Archard, J. Kriebel, S. Shaunak, M. Nocito, Alexander Tsiskaridze, E. Manfredini, T. Seigal, David G. Gadian, M. Barlas, J. D. Degos, C. Seeber, J. Caemert, J. L. Mas, R. B. Pepinsky, M. G. D'Angelo, N. Baumann, S. Yorifuji, H. P. Endtz, M. A. Cassatella, R. A. C. Hughes, V. Golzi, A. Bittencourt, A. Ferreira, M. Sanson, C. Alper, M. Vermeulen, M. A. A. van Walderveen, E. Alexiou, C. H. Lucas, M. Fiorelli, Y. N. Debbink, R. Gil, S. Congia, T. Banerjee, J. M. Bouchard, A. N. Pinto, A. Ceballos-Baumann, G. Grollier, P. I. M. Schmitz, M. D. Catata, N. Lahat, N. S. Rao, P. Papathanasopoulos, J. Valls-Solé, D. Claus, G. Schroter, A. Castro, C. Videbaek, R. Martinez Dreke, A. D. Platts, M. Hermesl, A. C. PeÇanha-Martins, M. Cardoso Silva, P. Masnou, M. J. A. Tanner, Ch. Confavreux, B. Mishu, H. Rasmussen, L. Valenciano, Carlo Pozzilli, S. W. Li, V. Salzman, Y. Vashtang, Massimo Franceschi, M. Severo, G. Deuschl, S. Setien, G. Mariani, A. Protti, J. Castillo, M. J. B. Taphoorn, M. Frontali, I. Milonas, D. Decoq, J. A. Navarro, S. Castellvi-Pel, C. Ertikin, M. Urtasun, Y. Lajat, B. E. Kendall, E. Verdu, B. Gueguen, E. Boisen, R. Couderc, A Danek, JM Stevens, F. Nicoli, L. Feltri, M. L. Vazquez-Andre, J. A. Morgan-Hughes, L. D'Angelo, F. Y. Liew, L. F. Pascual, J. Patrignani Ochoa, Vittorio Martinelli, J. Cophignon, L. Zhang, S. Martin, J. F. Meder, H. C. Buschmann, L. Bertin, J. van Gijn, A. Barreiro, A. Cools, C. Leon, A. Berod, E. A. Anllo, E. Zanette, L. Petrov, R. Barona, B. Gallicchio, P. J. Cozzone, N. Diederich, G. Cancel, L. Schelosky, P. Orizaola, K. Yulug, S. Ozer, Valeria A. Sansone, B. Guiraud-Chaumeil, K. Voigt, P. Labauge, M. Eoli, J. Zhu, J. Aguirre, M. Ferrarini, B. Zyluk, E. Planas, A. Cadilha, C. Tortorella, H. Bismuth, C. E. Counsell, A. Laun, A. Ferlini, Rio J. Montalban, N. Biary, L. Becker, M. Fardeau, M. Poloni, V. M. S. de Bruin, C. Fornada, J. Barros, E. Ganzmann, E. Touze, D. Wallach, J. Peila, H. Fujimura, M. T. Iba-Zizen, G. Macchi, C. Villoslada, R. Gouider, Ph. Rondepierre, P. Grummich, P. Chiodi, C. Conte, M. Michels, P. Annunziata, G. Semana, C. Sommer, J. Vajsar, D. Zekin, J. Kulisevsky, David G. Munoz, B. Jacotot, M. Magoni, A. Luxen, T. Garcia-Silva, S. Di Cesare, Christophe Tzourio, M. Gomori, I. Picomell, L. Santoro, F. Villa, Giovanni Pennisi, T. Ribalta, J. M. Molto, L. Marzorati, P. Loiseau, F. Gemignani, A. Gironell, J. Wissel, A. Prusinski, F. Cailloux, P. Villanueva-Hemandez, P. Cozzone, T. Del Ser, J. Sans-Sabrafen, M. Zappia, P. W. A. Willems, G. Tchernia, D. Gardeur, R. Bauer, F. Palomo, H. Metz, S. Lamoureux, C. Chastang, I. Reinhard, A. Goldfarb, S. Harder, Jordi Río, C. Ozkara, E. Tekinsoy, P. Vontobell, J. De Recondo, M. Rabasa, L. Lacomblez, F. Boon, Dgt Thomas, V. Palma, Renato Mantegazza, A. Dervis, M. Nueckel, B. YalÇinerner, I. Duran, G. Dalla Volta, A. Zubimendi, J. Pinheiro, A. Marbini, Xavier Montalban, H. Wekerle, X. Pereira Monteino, F. Crespo, F. Koskas, N. Battistini, C. Ruiz, H. Offner, J. de Pommery, P. Kanovsky, J. Y. Barnett, J. Pardo, G. Tomei, R. Rene, H. M. Lokhorst, P. Thajeb, H. Bilgin, D. McGehee, R. Fahsold, L. Morgante, Katie Sidle, C. Delwaide, M. N. Diaye, P. H. Rice, A. Creange, C. Sabev, K. Stephan, K. WeilBenborn, G. Magnani, L. Grymonprez, F. Cardellach, M. Kaps, N. G. Meco, F. Vega, V. Bonifati, A. Desomer, M. Baldy-Moulinier, G. Kvale, F. J. Authier, B. Yegen, T. Ho, J. M. Rozet, E. A. Cabanis, L. Bruce, L. Ambrosoli, M. A. Petrella, M. Hernandez, P. Timmings, H. B. van der Worp, F. Mahieux, A. Urbano-Marquez, D. A. Krendel, A. A. Garcia, R. Divari, R. Michalowicz, M. R. Piedmonte, M. Bondavalli, M. Zanca, P. F. Ippel, Onofre Combarros, B. Tavitian, E. Hirsch, I. Anastasopoulos, A. Roses, A. Köhler, P. Vienna, V. Timmerman, P. Sergi, F. Cornelio, A. Di Pasquale, R. Verleger, S. Castellvirel, J. Proano, B. van Moll, F. Rubio, W. Hacke, I. Lavenu, L. Zetta, M. W. Tas, N. Bittmann, M. Bonamini, O. R. Hommes, V. Dousset, N. Afsar, S. Belal, R. R. Myers, J. Goes, Giuseppe Vita, E. Clementi, V. G. Karepov, M. Jueptner, A Vincent, P. Emmrich, Th. Heb, A. Caballo, J. Gallego, T. Mokrusch, C. Perla, L. Gebuhrer, O. Titlbach, Alessandro Prelle, A. Czlonkowska, M. Russo, D. Hadjiev, T. S. Chkhikvishvili, M. Oehlschlager, G. Becker, I. Günther, E. N. Stenager, J. Garcia Agundez, J. Casademont, J. Batlle, S. Podobnik-Sarkanji, C. Alonso-Villaverde, B. Delaguillaume, B. Genc, B. Mazoyer, A. Rodriguez-Al-barino, Ch. Hilger, B. Ferrero, R. Price, W. Grisold, L. Fuhry, D. Oulbani, D. Ewing, A. Petkov, W. Walther, A. Gokyigit, John Newsom-Davis, J. Tayot, D. Seliak, G. Pelliccioni, D. Campagne, K. Kessler, F. Boureau, D. Perani, J. P. N'Guyen, N. Tchalucova, B. A. Antin-Ozerkis, C. Lacroix, B. D. Aronovich, I. H. Jenkins, E. A. dos Reis, M. Hortells, H. M. Meinck, H. Ch. Buschmann, S. C. J. M. Jacobs, T. Wetter, P. Creissard, N. Martinez, J. Weidenfeldl, H. J. Sturenburg, G. Damlacik, V. Gracia, J. C. Turpin, A. Pou-Serradell, J. P. Vincent, T. Gagoshidze, U. Ozkutlu, M. McLeod, K. Siegfried, I. Tchaoussoglou, J. Hildebrand, S. Kowalska, M. C. Picot, G. Galardin, L. Crevits, F. Andreetta, S. Larumbe-Lobalde, G. de la Sierra, J. C. Alvarez-Cermeno, R. J. Seitz, P. L. Oey, L. Ptacek, A. M. J. Paans, A. Wirrwar, A. Schmied, J. Uilchez, H. Tounsi, D. Hipola, V. Avoledo, Y. Hirata, P. Vermersch, T. M. Aisonobe, J. Valls-SoIè, H. Staunton, J. Dichgans, R. Karabudak, I. Dones, G. Porta, E. Janssens, Maria Martinez, J. M. Fernandez-Real, R. Villagra, Y. Yoshino, C. Kabus, K. Schimrigk, I. Girard-Buttaz, F. Piccoli, F. Aichner, P. Zuchegna, S. M. Al Deeb, F. Bono, N. Busquets, A. Jobert, Patrizia Ciscato, M. Martin, L. Polman, S. Darbra, V. Le Cam-Duchez, F. Baldissera, B. Baykan-Kurt, D. Guez, M. Bratoeva, H. Matsui, M. Mila, H. Perron, L. Bjorge, G. Husby, Steven T. DeKosky, D. R. Cornblath, J. M. Gabriel, J. J. Poza, Y. Wu, A. Toscano, R. P. Kleyweg, J. Kuhnen, S. O. Confort-Gouny, A. Barcelo, A. M. Conti, C. Fiol, C. Steichen-Wiehn, J. Rodes, M. Cavenaile, C. Vedeler, M. Drlicek, C. Argentino, M. L. Peris, A. Cervello, A. Z. GinaÏ, S. Yancheva, D. Passingham, S. Aoba, D. L. 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Henderson, R. Massa, A. Cruz Martinez, U. Liska, F. Hecht, Ernst Holler, V. S. de Bruin, B. B. Sheitman, S. M. Bentzen, C. Bayindir, F. Pallesta, P. E. Roland, J. Parrilla, P. Zunker, L. F. Burchinskaya, G. Mellino, S. Ben Ayed, D. Bonneau, P. Nowacki, M. Goncalves, P. Riederer, N. Mavroudakis, J. Togores, L. Rozewicz, S. Robeck, Y. Perez Gilabert, L. Rampello, A. Rogopoulos, S. Martinez, F. Schildermans, C. Radder, P. B. Hedlund, J. Cambier, M. Aabed, G. D. Jackson, P. Gasparini, P. Santacruz, J. Vandevivere, H. Dural, A. Mantel, W. Dorndorf, N. Ediboglu, A. Lofgren, J. Bogousslavsky, P. Thierauf, L. Goullard, R. Maserati, B. Moering, M. Ryba, J. Serra, G. G. Govan, A. Pascual-Leone, S. Schaeffer, M. R. Rosenfeld, A. P. Correia, K. Ray Chaudhuri, L. Campbell, R. Spreafico, B. Genetet, A. M. Tantot, R. A. G. Hughes, J. A. Vidal, G. Erkol, J. Y. Delattre, B. Yaqub, B. K. Hecht, E. Mayayo, Ph. Scheltens, J. Corral, M. Calaf, L. Henderson, C. Y. Li, U. Bogdahn, R. Sanchez-Roy, M. 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Masana, A. Goossens, B. Heye, K. Lauer, Heinz Gregor Wieser, Stephen R. Williams, B. Garavaglia, A. P. Sempere, F. Grigoletto, P. Poindron, R. Lopez-Pajares, I. Leite, T. A. McNell, C. Caucheteur, J. M. Giron, A. D. Collins, P. Freger, J. Sanhez Del Rio, D. A. Harn, K. Lindner, S. S. Scherer, G. Serve, M. Juncadella, X. Estivill, R. Binkhorst, M. Anderson, B. Tekinsoy, C. Sagan, T. Anastopoulos, G. Japaridze, S. Guillou, F. Erminio, Jon Sussman, P. G. Oomes, D. S. Rust, S. Mascheroni, O. Berger, M. Peresson, K. V. Toyka, T. W. Polder, M. Huberman, B. Arpaci, H. Ramtami, I. Martinez, Ph. Violon, P. P. Gazzaniga Pozzill, R. Ruda, P. Auzou, J. Parker, S. P. Morrissey, Jiahong Zhu, F. Rotondi, P. Baron, W. Schmid, P. Doneda, M. Spadaro, M. C. Nargeot, I. Banchs, J.S.P. van den Berg, R. Ferrai, M. Robotti, M. Fredj, Pedro M. Rodríguez Cruz, B. Erne, D. G. Piepgras, M. C. Arne-Bes, J. Escudero, C. Goetz, A. R. Naylor, M. Hallett, O. Abramsky, E. Bonifacio, L. E. Larsson, R. Pellikka, P. Valalentino, D. Guidetti, B. Buchwald, C. H. Lücking, D. Gauvreau, F. Pfaff, A. Ben Younes-Chennoufi, R. Kiefer, R. Massot, K. A. Hossmann, L. Werdelin, P. J. Baxter, U. Ziflo, S. Allaria, C. D. Marsden, M. Cabaret, S. P. Mueller, E. Calabrese, R. Colao, S. I. Bekkelund, M. Yilmaz, O. Oktem-Tanor, R. Gine, M. E. Scheulen, J. Beuuer, A. Melo, Z. Gulay, M. D. Have, C. Frith, D. Liberati, J. Gozlan, P. Rondot, Ch. Brunholzl, M. Pocchiari, J. Pena, L. Moiola, C. Salvadori, A. Cabello, T. Catarci, S. Webb, C. Dettmers, N. A. Gregson, Alexandra Durr, F. Iglesias, U. Knorr, L. Ferrini-Strambi, F. Kruggel, P. Allard, A. Coquerel, P. Genet, F. Vinuels, C. Oberwittler, A. Torbicki, P. Leffers, B. Renault, B. Fauser, C. Ciano, G. Uziel, J. M. Gibson, F. Anaya, C. Derouesné, C. N. Anagnostou, M. Kaido, W. Eickhoff, G. Talerico, M. L. Berthier, A. Capdevila, M. Alons, D. Rezek, E. Wondrusch, U. Kauerz, D. Mateo, M. A. Chornet, Holon, N. Pinsard, I. Doganer, E. Paoino, H. Strenge, C. Diaz, J. R. Brasic, W. Heide, I. Santilli, W. M. Korn, D. Selcuki, M. J. Barrett, D. Krieger, T. Leon, T. Houallah, M. Tournilhac, C. Nos, D. Chavot, F. Barbieri, F. J. Jimenez-Jimenez, J. Muruzabal, K. Poeck, A. Sennlaub, L. M. Iriarte, L. G. Lazzarino, C. Sanz, P. A. Fischer, S. D. Shorvon, R. Hoermann, F. Delecluse, M. Krams, O. Corabianu, F. H. Hochberg, Christopher J. Mathias, B. Debachy, C. M. Poser, L. Delodovici, A. Jimenez-Escrig, F. Baruzzi, F. Godenberg, D. Cucinotta, P. J. Garcia Ruiz, K. Maier-Hauff, P. R. Bar, R. Mezt, R. Jochens, S. Karakaneva, C. Roberti, E. Caballero, Joseph E. Parisi, M. Zamboni, T. Lacasa, B. Baklan, J. C. Gautier, J. A. Martinez-Matos, W. Pollmann, G. Thomas, L. Verze, E. Chleide, R. Alvarez Sala, I. Noel, E. Albuisson, O. Kastrup, S. I. Rapoport, H. J. Braune, H. Lörler, M. Le Merrer, A. Biraben, S. Soler, S. J. Taagholt, U. Meyding-Lamadé, K. Bleasdale-Barr, Isabella Moroni, Y. Campos, J. Matias-Guiu, G. Edan, M. G. Bousser, John B. Clark, J. Garcia de Yebenes, N. K. Olsen, P. Hitzenberger, S. Einius, Aj Thompson, Ch. J. Vecht, T. Crepin-Leblond, Klaus L. Leenders, A. Di Muzio, L. Georgieva, René Spiegel, K. Sabey, D. Ménégalli, J. Meulstee, U. Liszka, P. Giral, C. Sunol, J. M. Espadaler, A. D. Crockar, K. Varli, G. Giraud, P. J. Hülser, A. Benazzouz, A. Reggio, M. Salvatore, K. Genc, M. Kushnir, S. Barbieri, J. Ph. Azulay, M. Gianelli, N. Bathien, A. AlMemar, F. Hentati, I. Ragueneau, F. Chiarotti, R. C. F. Smits, A. K. Asbury, F. Lacruz, B. Muller, Alan J. Thompson, Gordon Smith, K. Schmidt, C. Daems Monpeun, Juergen Weber, A. Arboix, G. R. Fink, A. M. Cobo, M. Ait Kaci Ahmed, E. Gencheva, Israel-Biet, G. Schlaug, P. De Jonghe, Philip Scheltens, K. Toyka, P. Gonzalez-Porque, A. Cila, J. M. Fernandez, P. Augustin, J. Siclia, S. Medaglini, D. E. Ziogas, A. Feve, L. Kater, G. J. E. Rinkel, D. Leppert, Rüdiger J. Seitz, S. Ried, C. Turc-Carel, G. Smeyers, F. Godinho, M. Czygan, M. Rijntjes, E. Aversa, M. Frigo, Leif Østergaard, J. L. Munoz Blanco, A. Cruz-Matinez, J. De Reuck, C. Theillet, T. Barroso, V. Oikonen, Florence Lebert, M. Kilinc, C. Cordon-Cardon, G. Stoll, E. Thiery, F. Pulcinelli, J. Solski, M. Schmiegelow, L. J. Polman, P. Fernandez-Calle, C. Wikkelso, M. Ben Hamida, M. Laska, E. Kott, W. Sulkowski, C. Lucas, N. M. Bornstein, D. Schmitz, M. W. Lammers, A. de Louw, R. J. S. Wise, P. A. van Darn, C. Antozzi, P. Villanueva, P. H. E. Hilkens, C. Constantin, W. Ricart, A. Wolf, M. Gamba, P. Maguire, Alessandro Padovani, B. M. Patten, Marie Sarazin, H. Ackermann, L. Durelli, S. Timsit, Sebastian Jander, B. W. Scheithauer, G. Demir, J. P. Neau, P. Barbanti, A. Brand, N. AraÇ, V. Fischer-Gagnepain, R. Marchioli, G. Serratrice, C. Maugard-Louboutin, G. T. Spencer, D. Lücke, G. Mainardi, K. Harmant Van Rijckevorsel, G. B. Creel, R. Manzanares, Francesco Fortunato, A. May, J. Workman, K. Johkura, E. Fernandez, Carlo Colosimo, L. Calliauw, L. Bet, Félix F. Cruz-Sánchez, M. Dhib, H. Meinardi, F. Carrara, J. Kuehnen, C. Peiro, H. Lassmann, K. Skovgaard Olsen, A. McDonald, L. Sciulli, A. Cobo, A. Monticelli, B. Conrad, J. Bagunya, J. Benitez, V. Desnizza, B. Dupont, O. Delrieu, D. Moraes, J. J. Heimans, F. Garcia Rio, M. Matsumto, A. Fernandez, R. Nermni, R. Chalmers, M. J. Marchau, F. Aguado, P. Velupillai, P. J. Martin, P. Tassan, V. Demarin, A. Engelien, T. Gerriets, Comar, J. L. Carrasco, J. P. Pruvo, A. Lopez de Munain, D. Pavitt, J. Alarcon, Chris H. Polman, B. Guldin, N. Yeni, Hartmut Brückmann, N. Wilczak, H. Szwed, R. Causaran, G. Kyriazis, M. E. Westarp, M. Gasparini, N. Pecora, J. M. Roda, E. Lang, V. Scaioli, David R. Fish, D. Caputo, O. Gratzl, R. Mercelis, A. Perretti, G. Steimetz, I. Link, C. Rigoletto, A. Catafau, G. Lucotte, M. Buti, G. Fagiolari, A. Piqueras, C. Godinot, J. C. Meurice, Erodriguez J. Dominigo, F. Lionnet, H. Grzelec, David J. Brooks, P. M. G. Munro, F. X. Weilbach, M. Maiwald, W. Split, B. Widjaja-Cramer, V. Ozturk, J. Colas, E. Brizioli, J. Calleja, L. Publio, M. Desi, R. Soffietti, P. Cortinovis-Tourniaire, E. F. Gonano, G. Cavaletti, S. Uselli, K. Westerlind, H. Betuel, C. O. Dhiver, H. Guggenheim, M. Hamon, R. Fazio, P. Lehikoinen, A. Esser, B. Sadzot, G. Fink, Angelo Antonini, D. Bendahan, V. Di Carlo, G. Galardi, A. F. Boller, M. Aksenova, Del Fiore, V. de la Sayette, H. Chabriat, A. Nicoletti, A. Dilouya, M. L. Harpin, E. Rouillet, J. Stam, A. Wolters, M. R. Delgado, Eduardo Tolosa, G. Said, A. J. Lees, L. Rinaldi, A. Schulze-Bonhage, MA Ron, C. Lefebvre, E. W. Radü, R. Alvarez, M. L. Bots, P. Reganati, S. Palazzi, A. Poggi, N. J. Scolding, V. Sazdovitch, T. Moreau, E. Maes, M. A. Estelies, P. Petkova, Jose-Felix Marti-Masso, G De La Meilleure, N. Mullatti, M. Rodegher, N. C. Notermans, T. A. T. Warner, S. Aktan, J. P. Louboutin, L. Volpe, C. Scheidt, W. Aust, C. M. Wiles, U. Schneider, S. K. Braekken, W. R. Willems, K. Usuku, Peter M. Rothwell, C. Talamon, M. L. Sacchetti, A. Codina, M. H. Marion, A. Santoro, J. Roda, A. Bordoni, D. J. Taylor, S. Ertas, H. H. Emmen, J. Vichez, V. BesanÇon, R. E. Passingham, M. L. Malosio, A. Vérier, M. Bamberg, A. W. Hansen, E. Mostacero, G. Gaudriault, Marie Vidailhet, B. Birebent, K. Strijckmans, F. Giannini, T. Kammer, I. Araujo, J. Nowicki, E. Nikolov, A. Hutzelmann, R. Gherardi, J. Verroust, L. Austoni, A. Scheller, A. Vazquez, S. Matheron, H. Holthausen, J. M. Gerard, M. Bataillard, S. Dethy, V. H. Patterson, V. Ivanez, N. P. Hirsch, F. Ozer, M. Sutter, C. Jacomet, M. Mora, Bruno Colombo, A. Sarropoulos, T. H. Papapetropoulos, M. Schwarz, D. S. Dinner, N. Acarin, B. Iandolo, J. O. Riis, P. R. J. Barnes, F. Taroni, J. Kazenwadel, L. Torre, A. Lugaresi, I. L. Henriques, S. Pauli, S. Alfonso, Pedro Quesada, A. S. T. Planting, J. M. Castilla, Thomas Gasser, M. Van der Linden, A. Alfaro, E. Nobile-Orazio, G. Popova, W. Vaalburg, F. G. A. van der Mech, L. Williams, F. Medina, J. P. Vernant, J. Yaouanq, B. Storch-Hagenlocher, A. Potemkowski, R. Riva, M. H. Mahagne, M. Ozturk, Ve. Drory, N. Konic, C. Jungreis, A. Pou Serradell, J. L. Gauvrit, G. J. Chelune, S. Hermandez, T. Dingus, L. Hewer, Ch. Koch, M. N. Metz-Lutz, G. Parlato, M. Sinaki, Charles Pierrot-Deseilligny, H. C. Diener, J. Broeckx, J. Weill-Fulazza, M. L. Villar, M. Rizzo, O. Ganslandt, C. Duran, N. A. Fletcher, G. Di Giovacchino, Susan T. Iannaccone, C. Kolig, N. Fabre, H. A. Crockard, Rita Bella, M. Tazir, E. Papagiannuli, K. Overgaard, Emma Ciafaloni, I. Lorenzetti, F. Viader, P. A. H. Millac, I. Montiel, L. H. Visser, M. Palomar, P. L. Murgia, H. Pedersen, Rafael Blesa, S. Seddigh, W. O. Renier, I. Lemahieu, H. M. L. Jansen, L. Rosin, J. Galofre, K. Mattos, M. Pondal, G. M. Hadjigeorgiou, D. Francis, L. Cantin, D. Stegeman, M. Rango, A. B. M. F. Karim, S. Schraff, B. Castellotti, I. Iriarte, E. Laborde, T. J. Tjan, R. Mutani, D. Toni, B. Bergaasco, J. G. Young, C. Klotzsch, A. Zincone, X. Ducrocq, M. Uchuya, O. J. Kolar, A. Quattrone, T. Bauermann, Nereo Bresolin, J. Vallée, B. C. Jacobs, A. Campos, Werner Poewe, J. A. Villanueva, A. W. Kornhuber, A. Malafosse, E. Diez-Tejedor, G. Jungreia, M. J. A. Puchner, A. Komiyama, O. Saribas, V. Volpini, L. Geremia, S. Bressi, A. Nibbio, Timothy E. Bates, T. z. Tzonev, E. Ideman, G. A. Damlacik, G. Martino, G. Crepaldi, T. Martino, Kjell Någren, E. Idiman, D. Samuel, J. M. Perez Trullen, Y. van der Graaf, J. O. Thorell, M. J. M. Dupuis, E. Sieber, R. D'Alessandro, C. Cazzaniga, J. Faiss, A. Tanguy, A. Schick, I. Hoksergen, A. Cardozo, R. Shakarishvili, G. K. Wennlng, J. L. Marti-Vilalta, J. Weissenbach, I. L. Simone, Amalia C. Bruni, Darius J. Adams, C. Weiller, A. Pietrangeli, F. Croria, C. Vigo-Pelfrey, Patricia Limousin, A. Ducros, G. Conti, O. Lindvall, E. Richter, M. Zuffi, A. Nappo, T. Riise, J. Wijdenes, M. J. Fernandez, J. Rosell, P. Vermersh, S. Servidei, M. S. C. Verdugo, F. Gouttiere, W. Solbach, M. Malbezin, I. S. Watanabe, A. Tumac, W. I. McDonald, D. A. Butterfield, P. P. Costa, F. deRino, F. Bamonti, J. M. Cesar, C. H. Lahoz, I. Mosely, M. Starck, M. H. Lemaitre, K. M. Stephan, S. Tex, R. Bokonjic, I. Mollee, L. Pastena, M. Gutierrez, F. Boiler, M. C. Martinez-Para, M. Velicogna, O. Obuz, A. Grinspan, M. Guarino, L. M. Cartier, E. Ruiz, D. Gambi, S. Messina, M. Villa, Michael G. Hanna, J. Valk, Leone Pascual, M. Clanet, Z. Argov, B. Ryniewicz, E. Magni, B. Berlanga, K. S. Wong, C. Gellera, C. Prevost, F. Gonzalez-Huix, R. Petraroli, J. E. G. Benedikz, I. Kojder, C. Bommelaer, L. Perusse, M. R. Bangioanni, Guy M. McKhann, A. Molina, C. Fresquet, E. Sindern, Florence Pasquier, M. J. Rosas, M. Altieri, O. Simoncini, M. Koutroumanidis, C. A. F. Tulleken, M. Dary-Auriol, S. Oueslati, H. Kruyer, I. Nishisho, C. R. Horning, A. Vital, G. V. Czettritz, J. Ph. Neau, B. Mihout, A. Ameri, M. Francis, S. Quasthoff, D. Taussig, S. Blunt, P. Valentin, C. Y. Gao, O. Heinzlef, H. d'Allens, C. Coudero, M. Erfas, G. Borghero, P. J. Modrego Pardo, M. C. Patrosso, N. L. Gershfeld, P. A. J. M. Boon, O. Sabouraud, M. Lara, J. Svennevig, G. L. Lenzi, A. Barrio, H. Villaroya, JosÇ M. Manubens, O. Boespflug-Tanguy, M. Carreras, D. A. Costiga, J. P. Breux, S. Lynn, C. Oliveras Ley, A. G. Herbaut, J. Nos, C. Tornali, Y. A. Hekster, J. L. Chopard, J. M. Manubens, P. Chemouilli, A. Jovicic, F. Dworzak, S. Smirne, S. E. Soudain, B. Gallano, D. Lubach, G. Masullo, G. Izquierdo, A. Pascual Leone Pascual, A. Sessa, V. Freitas, O. Crambes, L. Ouss, G. W. Van Dijk, P. Marchettini, P. Confalonieri, M. Donaghy, A. Munnich, M. Corbo, and M. E. L. van der Burg

Subjects
Neurology, business.industry, Media studies, Library science, Medicine, Neurology (clinical), business
Published
1994
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5. [Autonomic and metabolic sequelae of global and focal cerebral ischemia in an experimental model]

Author

J, Tatay, E, Díez-Tejedor, J M, Roda, and F, Carceller

Subjects
Disease Models, Animal, Autonomic Nervous System Diseases, Heart Rate, Regional Blood Flow, Hyperglycemia, Hypertension, Animals, Brain, Rats, Wistar, Brain Ischemia, Rats
Abstract

During the last decades the influence of cerebrovascular disease on heart and autonomic nervous system has been studied in numerous reports. Autonomic and metabolic changes have been described during brain ischemia.We studied some parameters and its modifications during global (GBI) and focal brain ischemia (FBI). Ten Wistar rats were subjected to global ischemia and eleven to focal brain ischemia, during 20 and 90 minutes followed in both cases by reperfusion. Mean blood pressure, heart rate and glycaemia before, during and after brain ischemia were registered. pH, pO2 and pCO2 were maintained within normal range using endovenous tamponed solutions.During GBI the blood pressure rose and returned to normal in the reperfusion period. Heart rate decreased in both stroke models and hyperglycaemia was present from the beginning in two groups.GBI and FBI bring about autonomic changes as increased mean blood pressure (only in GBI) and decreased heart rate; probably these might be explained by an autonomic nervous system disorder or by intracranial hypertension. Hyperglycaemia could be related to cathecholamines secretion. These effects might influence in the pathophysiology of brain ischemia.

Published
1998

6. [Association of plasmapheresis and high doses of intravenous immunoglobulins in the treatment of myasthenia gravis]

Author

J, Tatay, E, Díez-Tejedor, A, Frank, J, Tejada, C, Marrero, and P, Barreiro

Subjects
Adult, Male, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Myasthenia Gravis, Humans, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, Female, Plasmapheresis, Middle Aged, Combined Modality Therapy, Aged
Abstract

In the past decade good therapeutic results have been reported with high dosage of intravenous immunoglobulins (Ig i.v.) in various autoimmune disorders, including myasthenia gravis (MG). Plasmapheresis has been used successfully in this disorder on indications similar to those described for the use of Ig i.v.. We have used sequential treatment of plasmapheresis followed by high doses of intravenous gammaglobulin in MG, seeking complementary benefits from the two kinds of treatment.The sample included 10 patients with MG (7 of Osserman's grade II-B, 1 of II-A and 2 of III). We began treatment with plasmapheresis, and then continued with an i.v. infusion of Ig at a dose of 400 mg/Kg/day for 5 days. To evaluate the response to treatment, we used the classification system for muscle weakness based on the Virginia University modification of Osserman's grades, on the clinical involvement grade scales and on functional activity.All patients showed statistically significant improvement of the parameters studied. Improvement started between the first and sixth day, following administration of Ig i.v. and persisted for the following 16 weeks.We consider that combined treatment with plasmapheresis and Ig i.v. may synergically potentiate the immunological effects since they have different mechanisms of action. The indication for this is limited to serious clinical conditions resistant to other treatment, to speed recovery.

Published
1998

7. [Duration and objectives of hospital admission to stroke units]

Author

M, Lara, E, Díez-Tejedor, J, Tatay, and P, Barreiro

Subjects
Hospitalization, Spain, Acute Disease, Humans, Length of Stay, Bed Occupancy, Brain Ischemia
Abstract

The epidemiological importance of Acute Cerebrovascular Disorders (ECVA) has led to a need for specific units to care for these patients. We review the effect of these units on Neurology Departments. Development. In the 1970s Stroke Intensive Care Units were created. In the 1980s these units were replaced by Non-intensive or Intermediate Care Units (Acute Stroke Units). These Acute Stroke Units are more efficient than the previous units and were found to reduce mortality, morbidity, hospital stay and costs. Care was complemented by specific Rehabilitation Units. The design we propose takes into consideration the integration of a Stroke Unit in the Neurology Department, in the Hospital and in the Health Area. After one year results were compared with those of the previous year, when a specific team cared for such patients. There was an 18.5% reduction in total hospital stay and a 23.5% reduction for ECVA patients, with a 21% increase in admissions. The number of complications was reduced by 40.91%.Stroke Units are extremely useful in Neurology Departments. They lead to reduced morbi-mortality, sequelae, average hospital stay and costs. The functional condition of the patients also improves.

Published
1997

18. Isolation of local strains of the yeast Metschnikowia for biocontrol and lipid production purposes.

Author

Tatay-Núñez J, Albi-Puig J, Garrigós V, Orejas-Suárez M, Matallana E, and Aranda A

Subjects
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism, Fruit, Lipids, Metschnikowia metabolism, Wine analysis
Abstract

The bioprospection of indigenous microorganism strains with biotechnological potential represents a prominent trend. Metschnikowia yeasts exhibit diverse capabilities, such as ethanol reduction in winemaking, biocontrol potential, and lipid production. In this work, local Metschnikowia strains were isolated from different fruits by their ability to produce pulcherrimic acid, a molecule that has been linked to biocontrol activity and that binds iron giving colored colonies. Five strains were selected, each from one of five distinct sources. All of them were identified as M. pulcherrima. All five were able inhibit other yeasts and one M. pulcherrima, called M7, inhibited the growth of Aspergillus nidulans. The selected strains accumulated lipid bodies in stationary phase. Certain non-conventional yeasts like Hanseniaspora vineae are very sensitive to biomass drying, but cell extracts from M. pulcherrima added to the growth media as a source of antioxidant lipids increased their tolerance to drying. All strains isolated showed good stress tolerance (particularly to heat) and have nutrient requirements similar to a commercial M. pulcherrima strain. In addition, the M7 strain had a good growth in sugarcane and beet molasses and behaved like Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a growth medium derived from agricultural waste, a persimmon hydrolysate. Therefore, the isolation of local strains of Metschnikowia able to grow in a variety of substrates is a good source of biocontrol agents., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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19. Efflux Might Participate in Decreased Susceptibility to Oxytetracycline in Contagious Agalactia-Causative Mycoplasma spp.

Author

Tatay-Dualde J, Prats-van der Ham M, Gaurivaud P, de la Fe C, and Tardy F

Abstract

Contagious agalactia is associated with mastitis, keratoconjunctivitis, arthritis, pneumonia, and septicemia in small ruminants in countries with large dairy industries worldwide. The causative agents belong to four (sub)species of the Mycoplasma genus that have remained essentially susceptible to antimicrobials, including to the widely-used tetracycline family. However, some clinical isolates have been detected that show increased minimum inhibitory concentrations of tetracyclines, although they do not harbor the mutation in the 16SrRNA gene usually associated with resistance. The present work aimed to assess whether efflux pumps, infrequently described in mycoplasmas, could participate in the observed moderate loss of susceptibility. General efflux mechanisms were measured (i) using the fluorescence property of ethidium bromide when accumulated intracellularly and intercalated in the mycoplasma genomes, its active extrusion resulting in a temperature-dependent decrease in fluorescence and (ii) monitoring the growth inhibition of mycoplasmas by subinhibitory concentrations of tetracycline with or without reserpine, a known inhibitor of efflux in other bacteria. Both methods revealed non-specific efflux phenomena in most of the isolates tested, although their efficacy was difficult to quantify. This property could contribute to the acquisition of mutations conferring resistance by maintaining intracellular concentrations of tetracyclines at subinhibitory levels.

Published
2021
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20. [Zoonoses and occupational health in the veterinary profession].

Author

Sánchez A, Prats-van der Ham M, Tatay-Dualde J, García-Galán A, de la Fe C, Corrales JC, and Contreras A

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Spain epidemiology, Occupational Diseases epidemiology, Occupational Diseases etiology, Occupational Diseases prevention & control, Veterinarians, Zoonoses epidemiology, Zoonoses etiology, Zoonoses prevention & control
Abstract

The veterinary profession implies a greater risk of infection by zoonotic pathogens than the overall population. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the impact of zoonoses on the occupational health of veterinarians reviewing the published surveys addressing this subject. Following these inquiries, between 4% and 64.3% of the surveyed professionals acknowledge to have suffered at least one zoonotic disease, and dermatophytosis is the most frequently described zoonosis. In addition, from a qualitative point of view, it is necessary to highlight the occurrence of different diseases of important clinical seriousness and the existence of infections by antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. Due to the absence of updated studies in Spain, the present work reflects on the need to recognize the health determinants associated to the veterinary profession within the characteristics of our labour market. The available data suggest that the occurrence of zoonoses as occupational diseases is underestimated in Spain. Therefore, performing surveys on occupational health, documenting and publishing cases and reviewing the risks and the impact of zoonotic diseases on the veterinary profession would contribute to the description and notification of such diseases on behalf of the healthcare administration and would also become an essential tool in occupational risk prevention.

Published
2018

21. The moderate drift towards less tetracycline-susceptible isolates of contagious agalactia causative agents might result from different molecular mechanisms.

Author

Prats-van der Ham M, Tatay-Dualde J, Ambroset C, De la Fe C, and Tardy F

Subjects
Animals, Female, Goat Diseases drug therapy, Goat Diseases microbiology, Goats microbiology, Mastitis microbiology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mutation, Mycoplasma Infections drug therapy, Mycoplasma agalactiae isolation & purification, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Sheep microbiology, Sheep Diseases drug therapy, Sheep Diseases microbiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial genetics, Mycoplasma Infections veterinary, Mycoplasma agalactiae drug effects, Mycoplasma agalactiae genetics, Tetracycline pharmacology
Abstract

Contagious agalactia is a mycoplasmosis that affects small ruminants, is associated with loss of milk production and high morbidity rates, and is highly deleterious to dairy industries. The etiological agents are four mycoplasma (sub)species, of which the relative importance depends on the countries and the animal host. Tetracyclines are non-expensive, broad-spectrum antimicrobials and are often used to control mastitis in dairy herds. However, the in vitro efficiency of tetracyclines against each of the etiological agents of contagious agalactia has been poorly assessed. The aims of this study were i) to compare the tetracycline susceptibilities of various field isolates, belonging to different mycoplasma (sub)species and subtypes, collected over the years from different clinical contexts in France or Spain, and ii) to investigate the molecular mechanisms behind the decreased susceptibility of some isolates to tetracyclines. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of tetracyclines were determined in vitro on a set of 120 isolates. Statistical analyses were run to define the significance of any observed differences in MICs distribution. As mutations in the genes encoding the tetracycline targets (rrs loci) are most often associated with increased tetracycline MICs in animal mycoplasmas, these genes were sequenced. The loss of susceptibility to tetracyclines after year 2010 is not significant and recent MICs are higher in M. agalactiae, especially isolates from mastitis cases, than in other etiological agents of contagious agalactia. The observed increases in MICs were not always associated with mutations in the rrs alleles which suggests the existence of other resistance mechanisms yet to be deciphered., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2018
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22. 23S rRNA and L22 ribosomal protein are involved in the acquisition of macrolide and lincosamide resistance in Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum.

Author

Prats-van der Ham M, Tatay-Dualde J, Gómez-Martín Á, Corrales JC, Contreras A, Sánchez A, and de la Fe C

Subjects
Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial genetics, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mutation, Mycoplasma capricolum metabolism, Point Mutation, Lincosamides pharmacology, Macrolides pharmacology, Mycoplasma capricolum drug effects, Mycoplasma capricolum genetics, RNA, Ribosomal, 23S genetics, Ribosomal Proteins genetics
Abstract

Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (Mcc) is one of the causative agents of contagious agalactia, and antimicrobial therapy is the most commonly applied measure to treat outbreaks of this disease. Macrolides and lincosamides bind specifically to nucleotides at domains II and V of the 23S rRNA. Furthermore, rplD and rplV genes encode ribosomal proteins L4 and L22, which are also implicated in the macrolide binding site. The aim of this work was to study the relationship between mutations in these genes and the acquisition of macrolide and lincosamide resistance in Mcc. For this purpose, in vitro selected resistant mutants and field isolates were studied. This study demonstrates the appearance of DNA point mutations at the 23S rRNA encoding genes (A2058G, A2059G and A2062C) and rplV gene (Ala89Asp) in association to high minimum inhibitory concentration values. Hence, it proves the importance of alterations in 23S rRNA domain V and ribosomal protein L22 as molecular mechanisms responsible for the acquisition of macrolide and lincosamide resistance in both field isolates and in vitro selected mutants. Moreover, these mutations enable us to provide an interpretative breakpoint of antimicrobial resistance for Mcc at MIC 0.8 μg/ml., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2018
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24. Molecular resistance mechanisms of Mycoplasma agalactiae to macrolides and lincomycin.

Author

Prats-van der Ham M, Tatay-Dualde J, de la Fe C, Paterna A, Sánchez A, Corrales JC, Contreras A, and Gómez-Martín Á

Subjects
Animals, Goats, Lincomycin pharmacology, Lincosamides pharmacology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests veterinary, Mycoplasma Infections microbiology, Mycoplasma agalactiae genetics, Ribosomal Proteins drug effects, Sheep, Tylosin pharmacology, Anti-Infective Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Goat Diseases microbiology, Macrolides pharmacology, Mycoplasma Infections veterinary, Mycoplasma agalactiae drug effects, Sheep Diseases microbiology
Abstract

The extensive use of antimicrobials for disease control has caused a remarkable decrease in antimicrobial susceptibility of different animal mycoplasma species, including Mycoplasma agalactiae (M. agalactiae), the main causative agent of contagious agalactia. However, the molecular mechanisms behind M. agalactiae resistance to macrolides and lincomycin have not yet been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of different antimicrobials and mutations in the 23S rRNA gene and ribosomal proteins L4 and L22, analysing both field isolates (n=50) and in vitro selected resistant mutants of M. agalactiae. The obtained MIC results of the studied field isolates demonstrate an increasing development of tylosin resistance in this bacterium, in comparison to previous studies. Interestingly, predicted amino acid changes in L22 (Ser89Leu and Gln90Lys/His) were the first variations observed when MICs of M. agalactiae started to increase (tylosin MIC ≥0.8μg/ml), whereas mutations at positions 2058 or 2059 of domain V of the 23S rRNA gene appeared from MIC values of 1.6μg/ml. These results were consistent in both field isolates and in vitro selected mutants of M. agalactiae. Thus, although in other mycoplasma species resistance to macrolides and lincosamides had been mainly related to mutations in the 23S rRNA gene, this work demonstrates the role of alterations in ribosomal protein L22 in decreased susceptibility of M. agalactiae. Moreover, these mutations can be used as molecular markers to set an interpretative breakpoint of antimicrobial resistance for M. agalactiae., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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25. Mutations in the quinolone resistance determining region conferring resistance to fluoroquinolones in Mycoplasma agalactiae.

Author

Tatay-Dualde J, Prats-van der Ham M, de la Fe C, Paterna A, Sánchez A, Corrales JC, Contreras A, and Gómez-Martín Á

Subjects
Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mutation, Mycoplasma agalactiae genetics, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial genetics, Fluoroquinolones pharmacology, Mycoplasma agalactiae drug effects
Abstract

M. agalactiae is the main causative agent of contagious agalactia, against which antimicrobial treatment is the main applied control measure. Quinolones are an effective group of antimicrobials inhibiting the growth of M. agalactiae, but in the last years, various reports have demonstrated an increase of resistance in field isolates due to its massive use. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms involved in the acquisition of fluoroquinolones resistance in M. agalactiae have not been elucidated yet. Therefore, the aim of this work was to analyze the presence of DNA variations that could be related to changes in fluoroquinolone susceptibility. For this purpose, three M. agalactiae strains were selected to obtain in vitro resistant mutants against enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin and moxifloxacin and afterwards, partial sequences of their gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE genes were analyzed. In addition, a set of field isolates with different MIC values were also studied. Changes related to variations in fluoroquinolones susceptibility were found in gyrB, parC and parE. Specifically, gyrB genes were affected at the predicted amino acid position 424, four amino acid changes were detected in parC (positions 78, 79, 80 and 84) and two substitutions were reported in parE (amino acid positions 429 and 459). Mutations at predicted positions 424 of gyrB and 429 of parE are novel DNA changes which had not been previously described and, on the whole, parC was the first gene showing alterations when changes in susceptibility to fluoroquinolones occurred. Thus, this gene is the most suitable target for a rapid study of fluoroquinolone resistance in field isolates of M. agalactiae., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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26. Resistance mechanisms against quinolones in Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum.

Author

Tatay-Dualde J, Prats-van der Ham M, de la Fe C, Paterna A, Sánchez A, Corrales JC, Contreras A, and Gómez-Martin Á

Subjects
Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, DNA Gyrase chemistry, DNA Gyrase genetics, DNA Topoisomerase IV chemistry, DNA Topoisomerase IV genetics, Goats, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mutation, Pleuropneumonia, Contagious drug therapy, Drug Resistance, Bacterial genetics, Goat Diseases microbiology, Mycoplasma capricolum drug effects, Mycoplasma capricolum genetics, Pleuropneumonia, Contagious microbiology, Quinolones pharmacology
Abstract

Quinolones interact with bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, the subunits of which are encoded by gyrA/gyrB and parC/parE, respectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between changes in these genes and quinolone susceptibility of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (Mcc). Using in vitro selected resistant mutants and field isolates from goats, predicted amino acid changes in gyrA, gyrB and parC were associated with higher minimum inhibitory concentration values for quinolones. Alterations in parC predicted amino acid sequences were most frequently associated with quinolone resistance in Mcc., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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27. Antimicrobial susceptibility and multilocus sequence typing of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum.

Author

Tatay-Dualde J, Prats-van der Ham M, de la Fe C, Paterna A, Sánchez A, Corrales JC, Contreras A, Tola S, and Gómez-Martin Á

Subjects
Bacterial Proteins genetics, Genetic Variation, Italy, Multilocus Sequence Typing, Mycoplasma capricolum genetics, Spain, Anti-Infective Agents pharmacology, Macrolides pharmacology, Mycoplasma capricolum drug effects
Abstract

Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum is one of the causative agents of contagious agalactia (CA). Nevertheless, there is still a lack of information about its antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the antimicrobial and genetic variability of different Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum field isolates. For this purpose, the growth inhibition effect of 18 antimicrobials and a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme based on five housekeeping genes (fusA, glpQ, gyrB, lepA and rpoB) were performed on 32 selected field isolates from Italy and Spain.The results showed a wide range of growth inhibitory effects for almost all the antimicrobials studied. Macrolides presented lower efficacy inhibiting Mcc growth than in previous works performed on other CA-causative mycoplasmas. Erythromycin was not able to inhibit the growth of any of the studied strains, contrary to doxycycline, which inhibited the growth of all of them from low concentrations. On the other hand, the study of the concatenated genes revealed a high genetic variability among the different Mcc isolates. Hence, these genetic variations were greater than the ones reported in prior works on other mycoplasma species.

Published
2017
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28. Detecting asymptomatic rams infected with Mycoplasma agalactiae in ovine artificial insemination centers.

Author

Prats-van der Ham M, Tatay-Dualde J, de la Fe C, Paterna A, Sánchez A, Corrales JC, Contreras A, and Gómez-Martín Á

Subjects
Animals, Asymptomatic Infections, Female, Insemination, Artificial veterinary, Male, Mycoplasma Infections diagnosis, Mycoplasma Infections prevention & control, Mycoplasma agalactiae immunology, Sheep, Sheep Diseases microbiology, Sheep Diseases prevention & control, Mycoplasma Infections veterinary, Mycoplasma agalactiae isolation & purification, Sheep Diseases diagnosis
Abstract

Mycoplasma agalactiae (Ma) is the main causative agent of ovine contagious agalactia, which is a serious disease of small ruminants. In endemic areas, its most common clinical situation consists of chronically infected herds, and asymptomatic infected individuals represent an epidemiological risk regarding the transmission of this disease. The aim of this work was to detect the presence of asymptomatic rams infected with Ma in different artificial insemination centers, and to determine the most effective way to identify these individuals so as to implement adequate surveillance protocols. For this purpose, 215 rams and 14 teaser sheep were sampled taking auricular, nasal, and vaginal swabs and serum samples. In addition, ejaculates from 147 rams were analyzed. These samples were subjected to specific culture and molecular techniques to isolate and identify mycoplasmas, and to a serological test to detect antibodies against Ma. Mycoplasma agalactiae was detected in 47 (4.4%) of the 1077 samples analyzed, and also one individual resulted seropositive. Thus, 37 (17.2%) of the 215 studied rams were infected with Ma. The specimens which proportionally yielded the greatest number of positive results for this pathogen were semen samples (13.6%), followed by nasal swabs (5.8%). In contrast, the sampling of the external auricular canal and the serological analyses resulted insufficient to effectively detect infected individuals. Asymptomatic rams infected with Ma were detected in all the analyzed artificial insemination centers, highlighting the need to implement adequate surveillance protocols to prevent the presence of these individuals in these centers, reducing the risk of transmitting contagious agalactia., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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29. Zoonoses in Veterinary Students: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Author

Sánchez A, Prats-van der Ham M, Tatay-Dualde J, Paterna A, de la Fe C, Gómez-Martín Á, Corrales JC, and Contreras A

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Publications, Education, Veterinary, Students statistics & numerical data, Zoonoses epidemiology
Abstract

Background: Veterinary students face diverse potential sources of zoonotic pathogens since the first years of their academic degree. Such sources include different animal species and pathologic materials which are used at university facilities as well as commercial clinics, farms and other external facilities., Objectives: The present study utilizes a systematic review of the literature to identify zoonoses described in veterinary students., Data Sources: Web of Science and PubMed., Results: Of the 1,254 titles produced by the bibliographic search, 62 were included in this review. Whereas 28 of these articles (45.2%) described individual cases or outbreaks, the remaining 34 (54.8%) reported serological results. The zoonotic etiological agents described were bacteria, in 39 studies (62.9%), parasites, in 12 works (19.4%), virus, in 9 studies (14.5%) and fungi, in 2 (3.2%) of the selected articles. The selected literature included references from 24 different countries and covered the time period of the last 55 years., Limitations: The fact that common cases of disease or cases of little clinical importance without collective repercussions are not usually published in peer-reviewed journals limits the possibility to reach conclusions from a quantitative point of view. Furthermore, most of the selected works (66.1%) refer to European or North American countries, and thus, the number of cases due to pathogens which could appear more frequently in non-occidental countries might be underestimated., Conclusions/implications: The results of the present systematic review highlight the need of including training in zoonotic diseases since the first years of Veterinary Science degrees, especially focusing on biosecurity measures (hygienic measures and the utilization of the personal protective equipment), as a way of protecting students, and on monitoring programs, so as to adequately advise affected students or students suspicious of enduring zoonoses., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Published
2017
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30. Epidemiological role of birds in the transmission and maintenance of zoonoses.

Author

Contreras A, Gómez-Martín A, Paterna A, Tatay-Dualde J, Prats-Van Der Ham M, Corrales JC, De La Fe C, and Sánchez A

Subjects
Animal Migration, Animals, Animals, Wild, Birds, Communicable Diseases, Emerging epidemiology, Communicable Diseases, Emerging transmission, Diet, Foodborne Diseases epidemiology, Humans, Pets, Poultry Products, Risk Factors, Zoonoses epidemiology, Zoonoses transmission
Abstract

The risk of zoonoses spreading from birds to humans is lower, quantitatively speaking, than the risk of transmission between other host groups, because the two taxonomic groups share fewer pathogens. Nevertheless, birds have a number of epidemiological characteristics that make them extremely important hosts in the transmission and maintenance of zoonoses, including their susceptibility to pathogens that are extremely hazardous to humans (such as highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, West Nile virus and Chlamydia psittaci) and their ability to travel long distances, especially in the case of migratory birds. The fact that the human diet includes poultry products (meat, eggs and their by-products) also means that most human cases of foodborne zoonoses are infections of avian origin. Lastly, close contact between humans and pet birds or urban birds leads to interactions of public health concern. This article sets out to describe the main factors that determine the role of birds in the epidemiology of zoonotic infections., (© OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health), 2016.)

Published
2016
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31. Multilocus sequence typing of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri to assess its genetic variability in a contagious agalactia endemic area.

Author

Tatay-Dualde J, Prats-van der Ham M, de la Fe C, Gómez-Martín Á, Paterna A, Corrales JC, Contreras A, and Sánchez A

Subjects
Animals, Endemic Diseases, Genes, Bacterial genetics, Goat Diseases epidemiology, Goats, Multilocus Sequence Typing, Mycoplasma Infections epidemiology, Mycoplasma Infections microbiology, Mycoplasma mycoides classification, Phylogeny, Spain epidemiology, Genetic Variation, Goat Diseases microbiology, Mycoplasma Infections veterinary, Mycoplasma mycoides genetics
Abstract

Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc) is one of the main causative agents of caprine contagious agalactia. Besides, the absence of accurate control methods eases its dispersion between different herds within endemic areas of this disease. In this context, there is a need to implement molecular typing schemes which offer valuable information useful to establish control measures and enables the surveillance of this pathogen. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic variability of different strains of Mmc from a contagious agalactia endemic area through multilocus sequence typing (MLST). For this purpose, five house-keeping genes (fusA, glpQ, gyrB, lepA, rpoB) from 39 field isolates were analysed. These isolates were obtained from different geographic areas of Spain, between the years 2004 and 2015. The results obtained in this study suggest that the selected MLST scheme could be a useful technique to monitor the genetic variability of Mmc in endemic areas. Despite the significant differences found between the assessed field isolates, they could be classified according to their geographical origin. Moreover, it was also possible to detect genetic differences between Mmc strains coming from the same herd at the same sampling time, which may need to be taken into consideration when designing or arranging prophylactic strategies., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2016
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32. In vitro assessment of the antimicrobial susceptibility of caprine isolates of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri.

Author

Paterna A, Tatay-Dualde J, Amores J, Prats-van der Ham M, Sánchez A, de la Fe C, Contreras A, Corrales JC, and Gómez-Martín Á

Subjects
Animals, Ear Canal microbiology, Female, Goat Diseases microbiology, Goats, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests veterinary, Milk microbiology, Pleuropneumonia, Contagious microbiology, Spain, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Goat Diseases drug therapy, Mycoplasma mycoides drug effects, Pleuropneumonia, Contagious drug therapy
Abstract

The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum mycoplasmacidal concentration (MMC) of 17 antimicrobials against 41 Spanish caprine isolates of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc) obtained from different specimens (milk, external auricular canal and semen) were determined using a liquid microdilution method. For half of the isolates, the MIC was also estimated for seven of the antimicrobials using an epsilometric test (ET), in order to compare both methods and assess the validity of ET. Mutations in genes gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE conferring fluoroquinolone resistance, which have been recently described in Mmc, were investigated using PCR. The anatomical origin of the isolate had no effect on its antimicrobial susceptibility. Moxifloxacin and doxycycline had the lowest MIC values. The rest of the fluoroquinolones studied (except norfloxacin), together with tylosin and clindamycin, also had low MIC values, although the MMC obtained for clindamycin was higher than for the other antimicrobials. For all the aminoglycosides, spiramycin and erythromycin, a notable level of resistance was observed. The ET was in close agreement with broth microdilution at low MICs, but not at intermediate or high MICs. The analysis of the genomic sequences revealed the presence of an amino acid substitution in codon 83 of the gene gyrA, which has not been described previously in Mmc., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2016
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33. Presence of Mycoplasma agalactiae in semen of naturally infected asymptomatic rams.

Author

Prats-van der Ham M, Tatay-Dualde J, de la Fe C, Paterna A, Sánchez A, Corrales JC, Contreras A, and Gómez-Martín Á

Subjects
Animals, Male, Mycoplasma Infections microbiology, Sheep, Mycoplasma Infections veterinary, Mycoplasma agalactiae isolation & purification, Semen microbiology, Sheep Diseases microbiology
Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to assess the presence of Mycoplasma agalactiae (Ma), the main causative agent of ovine contagious agalactia (CA), in semen of naturally infected rams. Therefore, semen samples from 167 rams residing in three different artificial insemination (AI) centers of a CA-endemic area were studied by microbiological and molecular techniques. In addition, serial ejaculates from the same rams were evaluated to determine the excretion dynamics of Ma. Of the 384 samples studied, Ma was detected in 56 (14.58%) which belonged to 44 different rams (26.35%). These findings confirm the ability of Ma to be excreted in semen of asymptomatic rams. Furthermore, these results also evidence the presence of these asymptomatic carriers of Ma in ovine AI centers, representing a serious health risk regarding the spread and maintenance of CA, especially in endemic areas. Moreover, the excretion of Ma in semen also points to the risk of venereal transmission of this disease. The current results highlight the need to implement control measures to prevent the admission of infected rams in AI centers and the necessity to continuously monitor semen samples to effectively detect infected individuals., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2016
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34. Sensitivity of two methods to detect Mycoplasma agalactiae in goat milk.

Author

Tatay-Dualde J, Sánchez A, Prats-van der Ham M, Gómez-Martín A, Paterna A, Corrales JC, de la Fe C, Contreras A, and Amores J

Abstract

Background: Laboratory diagnostic techniques able to detect Mycoplasma agalactiae are essential in contagious agalactia in dairy goats. This study was designed: 1) to determine the detection limits of PCR and culture in goat milk samples, 2) to examine the effects of experimental conditions including the DNA extraction method, PCR technique and storage conditions (fresh versus frozen stored milk samples) on these methods and 3), to establish agreement between PCR and culture techniques using milk samples from goats with mastitis in commercial dairy herds. The study was conducted both on artificially inoculated and field samples., Results: Our findings indicate that culture is able to detect M. agalactiae in goat milk at lower concentrations than PCR. Qualitative detection of M.agalactiae by culture and PCR was not affected by sample freezing, though the DNA extraction method used significantly affected the results of the different PCR protocols. When clinical samples were used, both techniques showed good agreement., Conclusions: The results from this study indicate that both culture and PCR are able to detect M. agalactiae in clinical goat mastitis samples. However, in bulk tank milk samples with presumably lower M. agalactiae concentrations, culture is recommended within the first 24 h of sample collection due to its lower limit of detection. To improve the diagnostic sensitivity of PCR in milk samples, there is a need to increase the efficiency of extracting DNA from milk samples using protocols including a previous step of enzymatic digestion.

Published
2015
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35. Intrathecal granuloma formation in a patient receiving long-term spinal infusion of tramadol.

Author

De Andrés J, Tatay Vivò J, Palmisani S, Villanueva Pérez VL, and Mínguez A

Subjects
Analgesics, Opioid administration & dosage, Female, Humans, Low Back Pain drug therapy, Middle Aged, Tramadol administration & dosage, Analgesics, Opioid adverse effects, Granuloma chemically induced, Injections, Spinal adverse effects, Tramadol adverse effects
Abstract

Objective: Intrathecal granuloma associated to the tip of subarachnoid catheters implanted in patients receiving long-term spinal infusion is a rare but potentially catastrophic complication. Its development seems to be related to the intrathecal administration of opioid drugs, although not all opioids induce granuloma formation with the same frequency., Design: Morphine or hydromorphone-related granulomas have been reported extensively in the literature, but there are no data about any of the other opioids currently used in an off-label fashion when first-line drugs are contraindicated., Setting and Patients: In this case, we report the first documented case of intrathecal granuloma formation in a patient receiving long-term spinal infusion of tramadol, and we put forward a hypothesis for its development., Results and Conclusions: Chronic intrathecal administration of high-dose tramadol could cause an inflammatory mass as it can be caused by similar, off-label infusions of morphine or hydromorphone. Additionally, tramadol stimulates the activity of natural killers and the proliferation of lymphocytes.

Published
2010
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36. The beneficial effect of spinal cord stimulation in a patient with severe cerebral ischemia and upper extremity ischemic pain.

Author

De Andrés J, Tatay J, Revert A, Valía JC, and Villanueva V

Subjects
Adult, Brain Ischemia complications, Brain Ischemia diagnostic imaging, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Pain diagnostic imaging, Pain pathology, Pain Measurement, Spinal Cord diagnostic imaging, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color methods, Upper Extremity physiopathology, Brain Ischemia surgery, Pain surgery, Spinal Cord radiation effects, Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation methods
Abstract

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is used in the treatment of chronic pain, ischemia because of obstructive arterial disease, and anginal pain. Recently, a number of studies have described the effects of the high cervical SCS, including increased cerebral blood flow, although the underlying mechanisms are unknown. This case report describes a patient with a severe complex ischemic condition affecting both cerebral and upper limb blood flow with an associated complex regional pain syndrome in upper limb. While all previous clinical treatments proved ineffective, cervical SCS afforded satisfactory results. Possible mechanisms underlying the cervical SCS effect are discussed.

Published
2007
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39. [Cesarean section on a full-term parturient with convulsive crises].

Author

Errando CL, Tatay J, Revert A, Peiró C, and Lloréns J

Subjects
Adult, Diagnosis, Differential, Eclampsia diagnosis, Emergencies, Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic diagnosis, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications diagnosis, Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic, Rupture, Spontaneous, Brain Neoplasms complications, Cerebral Hemorrhage etiology, Cesarean Section, Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic etiology, Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System complications, Pregnancy Complications etiology
Abstract

A 34-years-old woman in her 35th week of pregnancy experienced epileptic seizures and underwent emergency cesarean delivery of a healthy boy under general anesthesia. The patient had no history of epilepsy and the seizures were later attributed to an intracerebral cavernous angioma. She received treatment with phenytoin and was asymptomatic 3 months later. Although seizures unrelated to preeclampsia or eclampsia in pregnancy are rare, differential diagnosis must determine the etiology of the crisis.

Published
2003

41. Elevated serum eotaxin levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Author

Mir A, Minguez M, Tatay J, Pascual I, Peña A, Sanchiz V, Almela P, Mora F, and Benages A

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Chemokine CCL11, Colitis, Ulcerative physiopathology, Eosinophils pathology, Humans, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases physiopathology, Leukocyte Count, Middle Aged, Reference Values, Severity of Illness Index, Chemokines, CC blood, Colitis, Ulcerative blood, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases blood
Abstract

Objective: Eotaxin is a recently characterized chemokine with potent and selective chemotactic activity for eosinophils. Previous studies indicating that eosinophils accumulate and become activated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) led us to hypothesize that eotaxin is potentially involved in the pathophysiology of IBD and, therefore, that eotaxin would be increased in the serum of patients with IBD. The objective of this study was to test those assumptions., Methods: We investigated 72 patients with IBD, 35 with ulcerative colitis, and 37 with Crohn's disease. A total of 27 patients had active and 45 inactive disease; 26 were receiving corticosteroids. Eotaxin serum levels were determined by solid phase sandwich ELISA. Lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocyte subpopulations were determined in fresh blood samples with an automated autoanalyzer., Results: Serum eotaxin levels were significantly higher in patients with Crohn's disease and in those with ulcerative colitis than in the control subjects (p < 0.0001). Patients with inactive Crohn's disease had significantly higher levels of eotaxin than patients with inactive ulcerative colitis (p < 0.05). We did not find significant differences for activity or inactivity of disease, nor for treatment with prednisone. A negative correlation (p < 0.05) was found between eotaxin serum level and eosinophil counts in peripheral blood in patients with Crohn's disease., Conclusions: There is an increased expression of eotaxin in IBD patients, suggesting that eotaxin may be involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. This increase is more accentuated in Crohn's disease and negatively correlates with the eosinophil number in peripheral blood. Our data support the increasing evidence that eosinophil are functionally involved in the pathophysiology of IBD.

Published
2002
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42. [Autonomic and metabolic sequelae of global and focal cerebral ischemia in an experimental model].

Author

Tatay J, Díez-Tejedor E, Roda JM, and Carceller F

Subjects
Animals, Brain Ischemia complications, Heart Rate, Hyperglycemia complications, Hypertension complications, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Regional Blood Flow, Autonomic Nervous System Diseases complications, Brain blood supply, Brain metabolism, Brain Ischemia pathology, Disease Models, Animal
Abstract

Introduction: During the last decades the influence of cerebrovascular disease on heart and autonomic nervous system has been studied in numerous reports. Autonomic and metabolic changes have been described during brain ischemia., Methods: We studied some parameters and its modifications during global (GBI) and focal brain ischemia (FBI). Ten Wistar rats were subjected to global ischemia and eleven to focal brain ischemia, during 20 and 90 minutes followed in both cases by reperfusion. Mean blood pressure, heart rate and glycaemia before, during and after brain ischemia were registered. pH, pO2 and pCO2 were maintained within normal range using endovenous tamponed solutions., Results: During GBI the blood pressure rose and returned to normal in the reperfusion period. Heart rate decreased in both stroke models and hyperglycaemia was present from the beginning in two groups., Conclusions: GBI and FBI bring about autonomic changes as increased mean blood pressure (only in GBI) and decreased heart rate; probably these might be explained by an autonomic nervous system disorder or by intracranial hypertension. Hyperglycaemia could be related to cathecholamines secretion. These effects might influence in the pathophysiology of brain ischemia.

Published
1998

43. [Association of plasmapheresis and high doses of intravenous immunoglobulins in the treatment of myasthenia gravis].

Author

Tatay J, Díez-Tejedor E, Frank A, Tejada J, Marrero C, and Barreiro P

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Combined Modality Therapy, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous therapeutic use, Myasthenia Gravis therapy, Plasmapheresis methods
Abstract

Introduction: In the past decade good therapeutic results have been reported with high dosage of intravenous immunoglobulins (Ig i.v.) in various autoimmune disorders, including myasthenia gravis (MG). Plasmapheresis has been used successfully in this disorder on indications similar to those described for the use of Ig i.v.. We have used sequential treatment of plasmapheresis followed by high doses of intravenous gammaglobulin in MG, seeking complementary benefits from the two kinds of treatment., Material and Methods: The sample included 10 patients with MG (7 of Osserman's grade II-B, 1 of II-A and 2 of III). We began treatment with plasmapheresis, and then continued with an i.v. infusion of Ig at a dose of 400 mg/Kg/day for 5 days. To evaluate the response to treatment, we used the classification system for muscle weakness based on the Virginia University modification of Osserman's grades, on the clinical involvement grade scales and on functional activity., Results: All patients showed statistically significant improvement of the parameters studied. Improvement started between the first and sixth day, following administration of Ig i.v. and persisted for the following 16 weeks., Conclusions: We consider that combined treatment with plasmapheresis and Ig i.v. may synergically potentiate the immunological effects since they have different mechanisms of action. The indication for this is limited to serious clinical conditions resistant to other treatment, to speed recovery.

Published
1997

44. Gene dosage effect in one family with myoclonic epilepsy and ragged-red fibers (MERRF).

Author

Arpa J, Campos Y, Gutiérrez-Molina M, Martin-Casanueva MA, Cruz-Martínez A, Pérez-Conde MC, López-Pajares R, Morales MC, Tatay J, Lacasa T, Barreiro P, and Arenas J

Subjects
Adult, Age of Onset, Creatine Kinase blood, Disease Progression, Female, Genetic Variation physiology, Humans, Lactic Acid blood, MERRF Syndrome blood, MERRF Syndrome enzymology, MERRF Syndrome physiopathology, Male, Middle Aged, Mitochondria enzymology, Mitochondria pathology, Muscle, Skeletal pathology, Nervous System pathology, Nervous System physiopathology, Pedigree, Phenotype, Severity of Illness Index, DNA, Mitochondrial analysis, DNA, Mitochondrial chemistry, Gene Dosage, Genetic Variation genetics, MERRF Syndrome genetics, Point Mutation physiology
Abstract

Objectives: We analyzed the percentage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) heteroplasmy in blood samples of 13 individuals belonging to a three family generation of myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers (MERRF) and compared the 5 affected patients and the 8 unaffected relatives., Material and Methods: DNA was extracted from blood and muscle of the proband and from blood of 12 maternal relatives. A PCR restriction analysis method was used to detect the mutation., Results: The proband had the complete MERRF phenotype. The phenotype in three other individuals in the maternal lineage was consistent with the MERRF syndrome. The remaining were asymptomatic. The np 8344 mutation was observed in muscle and blood of the proband, and in blood from every one of 12 maternal relatives, ranging from 44% to 83% of mutated genomes. Symptomatic individuals had higher levels (P < 0.001) of mutated mtDNA than asymptomatic maternal relatives. However, high proportions of mutant genomes (up to 63%) were found in asymptomatic relatives., Conclusions: Although there seems to be a gene dosage effect in MERRF, we found no absolute relationship between the relative proportion of mutant genomes in blood and clinical severity. Factors other than gene dosage in blood may account for the differences in clinical phenotype.

Published
1997
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45. [Duration and objectives of hospital admission to stroke units].

Author

Lara M, Díez-Tejedor E, Tatay J, and Barreiro P

Subjects
Acute Disease, Bed Occupancy, Humans, Spain, Brain Ischemia rehabilitation, Hospitalization, Length of Stay
Abstract

Objective: The epidemiological importance of Acute Cerebrovascular Disorders (ECVA) has led to a need for specific units to care for these patients. We review the effect of these units on Neurology Departments. Development. In the 1970s Stroke Intensive Care Units were created. In the 1980s these units were replaced by Non-intensive or Intermediate Care Units (Acute Stroke Units). These Acute Stroke Units are more efficient than the previous units and were found to reduce mortality, morbidity, hospital stay and costs. Care was complemented by specific Rehabilitation Units. The design we propose takes into consideration the integration of a Stroke Unit in the Neurology Department, in the Hospital and in the Health Area. After one year results were compared with those of the previous year, when a specific team cared for such patients. There was an 18.5% reduction in total hospital stay and a 23.5% reduction for ECVA patients, with a 21% increase in admissions. The number of complications was reduced by 40.91%., Conclusions: Stroke Units are extremely useful in Neurology Departments. They lead to reduced morbi-mortality, sequelae, average hospital stay and costs. The functional condition of the patients also improves.

Published
1997

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