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1. A novel SVM voltage supervisor.

Author: Francisco J. Rodriguez-Garcia and Luis Rizo Domínguez
Published: 2021
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2. Sweet corn cob as a functional ingredient in bakery products

Author: T. Lau, T. Clayton, N. Harbourne, J. Rodriguez-Garcia, and M.J. Oruna-Concha
Subjects: Gluten free muffin, Sweet corn cob, Ferulic acid, Fibre, Flour replacement, Consumer acceptance, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract: Gluten free (GF) products are often inferior in quality attributes, nutritional content and consumer acceptability. The use of GF by-products is a novel strategy to improve the structure and nutritional profile of these products. Sweet corn cob (SCC) is a by-product of sweet corn processing containing a considerable amount of fibre and ferulic acid. The effect of baking on ferulic acid content, colour, texture and physical characteristics on muffins incorporated with SCC flour (SCCF) as a value-added food ingredient was investigated using a GF model system. The freeze-dried SCCF, containing ferulic acid (6.02 mg g−1) was used to replace the rice flour at varying levels of 10, 20, and 30%. In general, SCCF increased dietary fibre and free ferulic acid content of muffins. Inclusion of 20% SCCF showed an increase in terms of the height of the muffin and number of air cells in the crumb, along with a decrease in the hardness of muffins. Muffins with SCCF showed higher mean overall liking scores than rice flour muffin.
Published: 2022
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3. Bilateral Granulomatous Iridocyclitis Associated with Early-Onset Juvenile Psoriatic Arthritis

Author: Christian Nieves-Ríos, Guillermo A. Requejo Figueroa, Sofía C. Ayala Rodríguez, Alejandra Santiago-Díaz, Eduardo J. Rodriguez-Garcia, Alejandro L. Perez, Erick Rivera-Grana, Adriana C. Figueroa-Díaz, Rafael Martín-García, and Armando L. Oliver
Subjects: Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract: Purpose. The purpose of this study is to report on a case of bilateral granulomatous iridocyclitis in a patient with early-onset juvenile psoriatic arthritis (JPsA). Methods. The method used is an observational case report. Observations. A 3-year-old Hispanic girl was sent to our uveitis service for further evaluation of her granulomatous uveitis. The initial ophthalmologic examination revealed bilateral band keratopathy, large mutton-fat keratic precipitates, multiple posterior synechiae, and 4+ anterior chamber cells. The physical exam was notable for left knee edema and right axillary rash. Laboratory testing was remarkable for an erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 80 mm/h, positive antinuclear antibodies (1 : 1, 280), and negative human leukocyte antigen B27. A cutaneous biopsy was obtained, which confirmed the diagnosis of a psoriatic rash. Treatment with oral prednisolone and topical prednisolone acetate with atropine sulfate resulted in the complete resolution of the uveitis. Conclusion and Importance. Bilateral granulomatous iridocyclitis may be a rare presentation of ocular involvement in patients with early-onset JPsA.
Published: 2022
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4. Molecular modelling of amylose-lipid complexes (resistant starch 5) to identify fatty acid candidates for in vitro and in vivo studies

Author: F. Wheller, T. Grassby, B. Howlin, M. Sacchi, J. Parker, and J. Rodriguez-Garcia
Subjects: Nutrition and Dietetics, Medicine (miscellaneous)
Published: 2023
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5. Improved prediction of electrical storm in patients with prior myocardial infarction and implantaImproved prediction of electrical storm in patients with prior myocardiable cardioverter defibrillator

Author: V Faga, I Anguera, T Oloriz, L Nombela-Franco, L Teruel, PD Dallaglio, A Perez Guerrero, JA Gomez Hospital, J Rodriguez Garcia, MA Rodriguez Garcia, R Adelino Recasens, J Merce, J Viedma, J Comin Colet, and A Di Marco
Subjects: Physiology (medical), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Aims To evaluate predictors of electrical storm (ES), including chronic total occlusion in an infarct-related coronary artery (infarct-related artery CTO, IRACTO), in a cohort of patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI) and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD). Methods Multicenter observational cohort study including 643 consecutive patients with prior MI and a first ICD implanted between 2005 and 2018 at three tertiary hospitals. All the patients included in the study had undergone a diagnostic coronary angiography before ICD implantation. The variable prior ventricular arrhythmias (VA+) was positive in patients with secondary prevention ICDs and in those with at least one appropriate ICD therapy after primary prevention implantation. Results During a median follow-up of 42 months 59 patients (9%) suffered ES. The presence of at least one IRACTO not revascularized (IRACTO-NR) was associated with a significantly higher cumulative incidence of ES (14.5% vs 4.8%, p Conclusion In a cohort of patients with prior MI and ICD, IRACTO-NR is an independent predictor of ES. A new risk-prediction model allowed the identification of three categories of risk, with potentially important clinical implications.
Published: 2022
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6. Negative SA-VA difference during entrainment of a supraventricular tachycardia: a new criterion for the diagnosis of focal atrial tachycardia

Author: R Adelino Recasens, V Bazan, A Sarrias, J Jimenez, J Rodriguez Garcia, F Bisbal, J Aranyo, R Villuendas, and J Almendral
Subjects: Physiology (medical), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Ventricular overdrive pacing during tachycardia is one of the most common and useful maneuvers to assess de differential diagnosis of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Focal atrial tachycardia (FAT) usually presents long ventriculo-atrial (VA) interval, which is a passive interval since FAT is not an atrio-ventricular reentry. Therefore, during ventricular entrainment of a FAT, the stimulus-atrial (SA) interval will depend solely on the retrograde VA conduction time, if retrograde conduction exists. This retrograde conduction time is usually shorter than the VA Interval during tachycardia, thus being able to cause a negative SA-VA difference. This does not occur in other types of SVT, where the SA-VA difference helps to differential diagnosis, but positive values have been described. Purpose Our aim was to analyze whether the SA-VA value discriminates FAT from the other types of SVT, in patients with SVT and VA conduction when stimulating the ventricle during tachycardia. Methods Multicenter data of SVT entrainment were collected retrospectively, including FAT, atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT), and atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT). The numeric value of SA-VA difference was calculated for each case. The best SA-VA cut-off point for the diagnosis of TAF was determined, evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of this value for the diagnosis of TAF with respect to the gold standard (classical criteria). Results Continuous ventricular pacing during tachycardia succeeded in accelerating the atrium to the pacing rate in 80 cases out of the total studied cases: 32 (40%) AVNRT, 28 (35%) AVRT and 20 (25%) FAT. All FAT cases had a negative SA-VA value and all AVNRT and AVRT cases obtained positive SA-VA (Figure 1). SA-VA value lower than 0 ms was the best cut-off point (using ROC curve, Figure 2) with an area under the curve of 1. SA-VA difference lower than 0 ms (or negative SA-VA difference) showed 100% sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of FAT. Conclusions Negative SA-VA difference is a new and accurate criterion for the diagnosis of focal atrial tachycardia.
Published: 2022
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7. Mechanical-electrical interaction of the right ventricle in patients with repaired tetralogy of fallot: the next step towards resynchronization in congenital heart disease

Author: B Gordon Ramirez, A Santos Ortega, B Miranda Barrio, J Francisco Pascual, J Perez Rodon, J Rodriguez Garcia, I Ferreira Gonzalez, B Benito Villabriga, L Dos Subira, A Pijuan Domenech, M Subirana Domenech, and N Rivas Gandara
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Heart disease, business.industry, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Ventricle, Internal medicine, Electrical interaction, medicine, Cardiology, In patient, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Tetralogy of Fallot
Abstract: Introduction Patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTF) and severe pulmonary regurgitation frequently progress to dilation and dysfunction of the right ventricle (RV). It has been documented in the literature that there is a correlation between the duration of the QRS in the surface electrocardiogram and the hemodynamic parameters of the RV of these patients, suggesting the presence of a mechanical-electrical interaction. Purpose To determine if there is an association between the contraction delay in certain areas of the RV measured in M-mode echocardiography and the delay in electrical activation measured in the electroanatomic map (EAM) of RV in patients with rTF. Methods Unicentric and observational study of all patients with rTF undergoing EAM, echocardiography with study of RV asynchrony and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Activation delay in the antero-basal area and in the RV outflow tract (RVOT) in the EAM were both analysed (Figure 1A). The shortening delay in the same areas in M-mode echocardiography was also evaluated (Figure 1B, C). MRI data regarding volume and ejection fraction was also collected. Results 64 patients were included (36.7±10.6 years, 65% men). The mean total activation time of the RV (RV-TAT) was 127.3±42.4 ms. Activation mapping showed a recurrent pattern with beginning in the interventricular septum and ending in RV antero-basal region and/or RVOT. A linear positive correlation was observed between RV-TAT and the activation delay in both regions analysed (ρ=0.60 and ρ=0.52, respectively; p Conclusions There is a mechanical-electrical interaction in the RV of patients with rTF, with a negative correlation between the activation delay and RVEF and between mechanical and electrical activation delay in specific anatomical regions (regional mechanical-electrical interaction). These results may guide future studies on resynchronization in this heart disease. Figure 1. EAM and echocardiographic measures Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None
Published: 2020
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8. Empaglifozin induces changes in the liver metabolome of diabetic rats

Author: E Tarazon Melguizo, S. Rodriguez Segade, L Anido Varela, Oreste Gualillo, M. Portoles, J Rodriguez Garcia, J R Gonzalez Juanatey, F Lago Paz, S Moranha Fernandez, M. Otero Santiago, E. Rosello Lleti, Sandra Feijóo-Bandín, T Garcia Caballero, and A. Aragon Herrera
Subjects: business.industry, Metabolome, Medicine, Pharmacology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Background Empagliflozin is a potent, highly selective sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor used as an effective and well-tolerated antihyperglycaemic agent. Beyond lowering glucose, empagliflozin exerts a favorable effect on a number of nonglycaemic outcomes, including modest reductions in bodyweight and blood pressure, and it has cardioprotective and renoprotective properties in patients with T2D and established cardiovascular disease (EMPA-REG OUTCOME). Purpose Since liver fat content represents a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and empagliflozin has been recently suggested to be able to contribute to the early treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in T2D, we aimed to study the effect of the empagliflozin treatment in the liver metabolome of type 2 diabetic rats. Methods Male ZDF-Leprfa/fa rats were treated with 30 mg/kg/d of empagliflozin p.o for six weeks. Metabolic profiling of the hepatic tissue was analyzed using UHPLC-MS based platforms. We performed a hematoxylin/eosin staining to determine the tissue integrity and liver fat accumulation, and a Masson's trichrome staining to analyze liver fibrosis. All animals were maintained and euthanized following protocols approved by the Animal Care Committee of the University of Santiago de Compostela in accordance with European Union Directive 2010/63. Results Empaglifozin treatment reduced blood glucose levels to normal (128.2±6.51 mg/dL), while untreated control rats showed high glucose levels (404.3±17.49 mg/dL). Hepatic histological analysis did not show differences regarding neither fat accumulation nor fibrosis between empagliflozin treated and control rats. Circulating levels of cholesterol, HDL, LDL, GTP, GGT triglycerides remained unaltered after empaglifozin treatment vs. control. 384 metabolites were analyzed in the liver tissue samples, observing significantly increased levels of 10 types of glycerolipids, 24 phosphatidylcholines, 8 amino acids, 1 polyunsaturated fatty acid, 4 lysophosphatidylethanolamines, 7 lysophosphatidylinositols, 1 carboxylic acid and 1 nucleoside in the empagliflozin treated rats with respect to the control group. In addition, treatment with empagliflozin produced a significant decrease of 1 glycerolipid, 1 phosphatidylcholine, 1 bile acid, 1 nucleoside and the NAD oxidoreduction coenzyme. Conclusions We demonstrated that empagliflozin significantly modify the liver content of the different lipid species, with the most relevant altered metabolic classes belonging to glycerophospholipids, especially monoacyl-species, and aromatic amino acids. Considering the suggested potential beneficial effect of the treatment with empagliflozin in the prevention of liver fibrosis, our metabolomics data can help to evaluate the impact and the mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors at hepatic level. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Boehringer Ingelheim
Published: 2020
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9. Late gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance in repaired tetralogy of Fallot: characterization of the right ventricular arrhythmogenic substrate

Author: M Subirana Domenech, I Ferreira Gonzalez, A Santos Ortega, H Cuellar Calabria, B Benito Villabriga, N Rivas Gandara, B Gordon Ramirez, J Francisco Pascual, J Rodriguez Garcia, G Pascual Gonzalez, L Dos Subira, J Perez Rodon, A Pijuan Domenech, F Valente, and B Miranda Barrio
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Gadolinium, chemistry.chemical_element, medicine.disease, Arrhythmogenic substrate, chemistry, Internal medicine, Cardiology, Medicine, cardiovascular diseases, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Cardiac magnetic resonance, Tetralogy of Fallot
Abstract: Introduction Ventricular arrhythmias are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with repaired tetralogy of fallot (rTF). These life-threatening arrhythmias are related to specific isthmuses of viable tissue between areas of scar and/or valve rings of the right ventricle (RV) that have been already described in the literature. Late gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) has proven useful in characterizing the arrhythmogenic substrate in several heart diseases. Nevertheless, LGE-CMR evidence in patients with rTF is scarce. Purpose To compare the characterization of the ventricular arrhythmogenic substrate by means of LGE-CMR and electroanatomic mapping (EAM) of the right ventricle (RV) in patients with rTF. Methods Unicentric and observational study of consecutive patients with rTF who underwent LGE-CMR performed with 1.5T equipment and RV high-density voltage map, performed with multipolar catheter and completed with contact force-sensing catheter. The LGE-CMR segmentation was performed with dedicated software. The extent (area and percentage) and location of the dense scar (defined as Results Eight patients were included (45.7±10.4 years; 50% male). The extent of the scar was 20.7±13.6 cm2 (15.1±9.3%) by EAM and 21.7±8.8 cm2 (11.8±7.6%) by LGE-CMR. There was an absolute correlation regarding the location of the dense scar and the distribution of the isthmuses of viable tissue. The quantification of the dense scar evidenced a positive linear correlation between both techniques (area correlation: ρ = 0.71, p=0.047; percentage correlation: ρ = 0.88; p=0.004). The average time spent for the segmentation of the LGE-CMR with the dedicated software was 19.9±3.0 minutes. Conclusions Characterization of the RV arrhythmogenic substrate in patients with rTF with LGE-CMR is feasible. An absolute association regarding the location of the dense scar and the distribution of the isthmuses of viable tissue was observed when compared to the RV high-density EAM. In the same way, a statistically significant linear correlation in the quantification of the dense scar between both techniques was documented. LGE-CMR and EAM of two patients with rTF Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None
Published: 2020
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10. P921Feasibility of multipoint, high-definition mapping with grid cathether of SVTs in patients with D-Transposition of the great arteries treated with atrial switch surgery

Author: L Dos Subira, M T Subirana, J Rodriguez Garcia, A Pijuan, N Rivas Gandara, R Escalona Silva, Víctor M. González, S I Llerena Butron, I Ferreira Gonzalez, Begoña Benito, J Perez Rodon, B. Miranda, A Santos Ortega, and J Francisco Pascual
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Great arteries, business.industry, Physiology (medical), medicine, Transposition (telecommunications), High definition, In patient, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Surgery, Atrial switch
Abstract: Introduction Patients with D-transposition of the great arteries (TGA) treated with Senning or Mustard surgery develop supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) that require treatment with ablation. The use of multipoint, high-density, wavefront-activation-orientation independent mapping catheters hasn’t been reported in literature. Purpose To describe the feasibility of using a specific mapping catheter in SVTs in this set of patients. Methods Prospective observational study in patients with history of SVT and atrial switch surgery, that underwent EP study and electroanatomic (EA) mapping with a new 8Fr deflectable, multipoint (16 equidistant electrodes along 4 splines), with magnetic sensor, wavefront-activation-orientation independent catheter, in a third level hospital since April 2018 until May 2019, with medium-term follow-up. Results A total of 8 EPS (electrophysiologic studies) were performed in 7 patients (clinical data in Table 1). One patient had a tachycardia recurrence, accounting for a second EPS. The pulmonary venous atrium (PVA) was mapped in all procedures, whereas the systemic venous atrium (SVA) was mapped only in 75% of them, A total of 15 EA maps were obtained, with a ratio of 1.9 maps/patient, and an average of 20 375 ± 13 045 total points per patient. In all cases, PVA mapping was performed via retrograde transaortic approach, without transbaffle puncture. Tachycardia was induced in 5 out of 8 procedures, obtaining 6 different tachycardias (4 CTI dependent macro-reentry: 3 w/anticlockwise activation; 1 localized re-entry in SVA; 1 focal AT in SVA). No arrhythmia was induced in the other 3 procedures, however, in a patient with a previous CTI ablation, evidence of a gap in the ablation line on the voltage map was found. Ablation was performed with an irrigated, contact force, 3.5 mm catheter in 6 of the 8 procedures (75%). A retrograde transaortic approach was used in 3 of CTI dependent macro-reentries (75%). In one patient (who underwent two procedures) ablation was performed through a baffle leak. We report an acute success rate of ablation of 100%, and a recurrence rate of 20% on medium-term follow up. There were no major complications; nonetheless, one patient with history of morbid obesity had a minor vascular complication on the femoral puncture site treated medically. Conclusions it’s feasible and safe to use this new mapping catheter in patients with history of atrial switch surgery, both via retrograde and anterograde approach on the PVA and SVA respectively. The most frequent tachycardia observed in this study was anticlockwise CTI-dependent atrial flutter. Abstract Figure. Patient characteristics
Published: 2020
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11. 1326Identification of arrhythmic isthmus in patients with transposition of the great arteries treated with atrial switch surgery using a new high-definition wavefront-activation-orientation grid catheter

Author: L Dos Subira, B Miranda Barrio, I Ferreira Gonzalez, V Gonzalez Fernandez, F Roses Noguer, S I Llerena Butron, M T Subirana, A Pijuan Domenech, J Rodriguez Garcia, J Francisco Pascual, Begoña Benito, J Perez Rodon, N Rivas Gandara, and A Santos Ortega
Subjects: Wavefront, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Transposition (telecommunications), Atrial switch, Surgery, Catheter, Orientation (mental), Great arteries, Physiology (medical), medicine, High definition, In patient, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: INTRODUCTION Patients with D- transposition of the great arteries (TGA) treated with Senning or Mustard surgeries have several atrial scars that predispose them to develop atrial tachycardias (AT). Identification of scar zones and possible arrhythmic isthmus in voltage mapping will help to guide the ablation. AIM To describe the feasibility of using a specific mapping catheter to identify possible arrhythmic isthmus in this set of patients. METHODS Prospective observational study in patients with history of SVT and atrial switch surgery, that underwent electrophysiologic study (EP) and electroanatomic (EA) mapping with a new 8Fr deflectable, multipoint wavefront-activation-orientation independent Grid catheter, in a third level hospital since April 2018 until May 2019, with medium-term follow-up. RESULTS A total of 8 EPs were performed in 7 patients (3 (57%) Female, median age 35 ± 6,3 y.o.). Figure 1A shows the localization and percentage of scar identified in both atria. A total of 6 AT were induced. In this, an arrhythmogenic isthmus was identified and, in all patients, at least one non-arrhytmogenic isthmus was documented. Figure 1B shows anatomical and electrophysiological characteristics of the isthmus. Arrhythmogenic isthmus had slower conduction velocity than non-arrhytmogenic ( mean 0,44m/s (IQI 0,17-0,62) vs 1,05 m/s (IQI 0,86-1,39) p = 0.008) and fractionated potentials were detected more frequently (100% vs 50% p = 0.089) CONCLUSION EA mapping with a new a multipoint, high-definition, Grid Cather is feasible and allows the identification and electrophysiological characterization of arrhythmogenic and non-arrhytmogenic isthmus in patients with TGA treated with atrial switch surgery. Abstract Figure 1
Published: 2020
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12. P6569Additive value of evaluating patients with syncope by an implantable loop recorder: diagnosis of subclinical atrial fibrillation

Author: B Benito Villabriga, A Olivella San Emeterio, N Rivas Gandara, S I Llerena Butron, I Ferreira Gonzalez, J Perez Rodon, J Rodriguez Garcia, A Santos Ortega, David Garcia-Dorado, and J Francisco Pascual
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, biology, business.industry, Syncope (genus), Atrial fibrillation, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Internal medicine, Ischemic stroke, Implantable loop recorder, Cardiology, medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Value (mathematics), Ambulatory electrocardiography, Subclinical infection
Abstract: Background Few information exists about the additive value of implantable loop recorders (ILR) for the diagnosis of subclinical atrial fibrillation or flutter (AF) in patients (p) studied for syncope and its therapeutic and prognostic implications. Purpose To evaluate the burden of new onset AF diagnosed by ILR in patients studied for syncope and its therapeutic and prognostic implications. Methods We conducted an observational cohort study in a tertiary center. From April 2014 to January 2019, 355 ILR were implanted in patients with syncope according the ESC syncope guidelines. We excluded the ones with previous known AF and younger than 18 years old (yo), with a final cohort of 197 patients. All of them were therefore followed in outpatient clinic and treated according to current clinical guidelines. New AF diagnosis and consequent therapeutic changes and related clinical events were recorded. Results Of 197p, 38 had a first episode of AF (19.29%), with a mean AF burden of 4.19%, and a median of 0.15%. The incidence rate of AF detection was 10.67patients/year (p-y), with higher incidence among patients older than 65 yo (14.17p-y vs 5.27p-y, p Kaplan Meier survival from AF Conclusions New onset AF is frequent in patients with ILR implanted for syncope, especially among those older of 65 yo, with the vast majority consisting in short paroxysms. Following AF detection, generally OAC are initiated.
Published: 2019
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13. 4CPS-109 Experience of regorafenib use in metastatic colorectal cancer

Author: AM Alamo, ME Luján López, J. Rodriguez Garcia, M Lombardero Pin, C Otero Villalustre, E Mateos, A. Ramchandani Vaswani, and D Fernandez Vera
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Nausea, Colorectal cancer, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Discontinuation, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Regorafenib, Internal medicine, medicine, Mucositis, KRAS, medicine.symptom, business, Adverse effect, Section 4: Clinical pharmacy services
Abstract: Background Regorafenib has been approved for the treatment of patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), and may be considered as a treatment for selected patients. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of regorafenib treatment in patients with mCRC. Material and methods Retrospective observational study of mCRC patients treated with regorafenib (September 2015 to 2017). Collected variables: age, sex, ECOG, KRAS gene status, treatment line, number of cycles and dose reduction. Efficacy endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) obtained by the Kaplan–Meier method. Adverse effects (AE) were collected for safety profile assessment. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS ® Statistics program V22.0. Results Thirteen patients (7 males and 6 females) were included. The median age was 57 years (41–77). Initial ECOG was: 0 in 38.46%, 1 in 38.46% and 2 in 23% of patients. The KRAS gene was mutated in 50.8% of patients, wild-type in 30.8% and 3.8% undetermined. The treatment was regorafenib 160 mg once daily for 21 days, every 28 days. In six patients (46.2%) it was prescribed as a third-line treatment and in seven patients (53.8%) as the fourthth line or later therapy. Dose reduction was performed in 30.8% of patients. The mean number of cycles was 2.75±1.22 cycles. The median PFS was 3 months (95% CI: 2.52 to 3.47) and the median OS was 8.3 months (95% CI: 1.07 to 15.51). All patients had AE of some grade and 33.3% of grade 3–4. The most common AE were: hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) (n=7), hypertension (n=5) and nausea (n=4) and grade 3–4: HFSR (n=1), hypertension (n=1), neutropaenia (n=1) and mucositis (n=1). The causes of treatment discontinuation were: progression (n=9), deterioration of general health (n=3) and toxicity (n=1). At the end of the study, none of the patients continued treatment. Conclusion The SLP obtained in our study is greater than that described in the pivotal trial CORRECT (3 versus 1.9 months). This was possibly due to the longer time it took to determine the radiological response. The SG was also higher (8.3 versus 6.4 months), taking into account the limitation of the sample size. The AE described were similar to those published in the literature. References and/or Acknowledgements 1. Lancet. 2013;381:303–12. No conflict of interest
Published: 2018
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14. Solid-state and solar sintering of YAP:Mn,Hf ceramics applicable for thermoluminescent dosimetry

Author: J.D. Fidelus, Marek Berkowski, Ya. Zhydachevskii, Andrzej Suchocki, J. Rodriguez Garcia, I. Canadas Martinez, A. Cabaj, A. Pieniążek, and Andriy Luchechko
Subjects: Photoluminescence, Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, Organic Chemistry, Analytical chemistry, Sintering, Radioluminescence, Thermoluminescence, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Inorganic Chemistry, visual_art, Thermoluminescent Dosimetry, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Ceramic, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Powder diffraction, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract: The paper reports on the (Mn, Hf)-doped YAP (YAlO 3 ) ceramics sintered by the solid-state method and under concentrated solar radiation at temperature up to 1860 °C. The obtained ceramic samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and the luminescent techniques including radioluminescence at X-ray excitation, photoluminescence and thermoluminescence. Thermoluminescent properties of the materials were studied from the point of view of their possible application in thermoluminescent dosimetry of ionizing radiation. Effect of sintering gas atmosphere and Hf-codoping is discussed.
Published: 2015
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15. MAGIC detection of short-term variability of the high-peaked BL Lac object 1ES 0806+524

Author: A. De Angelis, A. Treves, Vitaly Neustroev, R. Zanin, Adrian Biland, J. Rico, G. Maneva, Dario Hrupec, Thomas Bretz, M. Palatiello, Dario Gasparrini, I. Lozano, M. A. Lopez, A. González Muñoz, Louis Antonelli, Walter Max-Moerbeck, Diego F. Torres, Jelena Aleksić, R. López-Coto, X. Paredes-Fortuny, A. Niedzwiecki, D. Nakajima, Julian Sitarek, Francesco Dazzi, A. Fernández-Barral, Patrick Vogler, P. Munar-Adrover, J. M. Paredes, J. Kushida, Jose Luis Contreras, Masahiro Teshima, Ivica Puljak, Filippo D'Ammando, Daniela Dorner, K. Mallot, Wolfgang Rhode, Pierre Colin, R. J. García López, Elina Lindfors, A. Sillanpää, Juan Abel Barrio, David Paneque, Juan Cortina, C. Fruck, M. Gaug, D. Fidalgo, T. Toyama, Antonio Stamerra, Daniel Mazin, Takashi Saito, J. Krause, W. Bednarek, J. Herrera, B. De Lotto, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Julia Thaele, S. N. Shore, K. Berger, Ll. Font, Koji Noda, Reiko Orito, Elisa Bernardini, J. Hose, I. Snidaric, J. L. Richards, D. Elsaesser, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Francesco Longo, H. Takami, Abelardo Moralejo, K. Nishijima, F. Di Pierro, C. Delgado Mendez, D. Dominis Prester, T. Steinbring, Massimo Persic, Yusuke Konno, Juri Poutanen, E. Lorenz, M. Hayashida, Stefano Covino, G. De Caneva, M. V. Fonseca, Kari Nilsson, K. Kodani, Y. Hanabata, K. Saito, G. Bonnoli, Talvikki Hovatta, M. Will, Marc Ribó, D. Tescaro, P. Antoranz, Konstancja Satalecka, R. Reinthal, P. Temnikov, Michele Doro, M. L. Knoetig, S. Buson, Razmik Mirzoyan, Hidetoshi Kubo, P. G. Prada Moroni, D. Garrido Terrats, Damir Lelas, V. Scalzotto, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, Dorota Sobczyńska, Oscar Blanch, Ana Babić, P. Da Vela, Stefano Ansoldi, T. Schweizer, Riccardo Paoletti, E. Prandini, F. Borracci, Alessandro Carosi, D. Hadasch, Jose Miguel Miranda, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Anthony C. S. Readhead, M. Strzys, L. Maraschi, B. Biasuzzi, Tomislav Terzić, D. Galindo, M. I. Martínez, P. Bangale, Sabrina Einecke, S. R. Gozzini, J. Rodriguez Garcia, M. Makariev, U. Menzel, W. Idec, E. Colombo, L. O. Takalo, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, Saverio Lombardi, Hanna Kellermann, K. Frantzen, V. Kadenius, S. Bonnefoy, S. Paiano, Karl Mannheim, D. Eisenacher, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, Alicia López-Oramas, Natalia Lewandowska, A. La Barbera, M. Nievas Rosillo, J. Becerra González, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Aleksi , J., Ansoldi, Stefano, Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Bangale, P., Barrio, J. A., Becerra Gonzalez, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Caneva, G., De Lotto, B., de Ona Wilhelmi, E., Delgado Mendez, C., Di Pierro, F., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, D., Fernandez Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., Garcia Lopez, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Godinovi , N., Gonzalez Munoz, A., Gozzini, S. R., Hadasch, D., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Idec, W., Kadenius, V., Kellermann, H., Knoetig, M. L., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Krause, J., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lewandowska, N., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, Lopez, M., Lopez Coto, R., Lopez Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Lozano, I., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martinez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Munar Adrover, P., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribo, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Saito, T., Saito, K., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpaa, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzi , T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Vogler, P., Will, M., Zanin, R., Berger, K., Buson, S., D'Ammando, F., Gasparrini, D., Hovatta, T., Max Moerbeck, W., Readhead, A., and Richards, J.
Subjects: radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, galaxies: active, BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 0806+524, galaxies: jets, gamma rays: galaxies, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, astro-ph.GA, galaxies: active, jets [galaxies], Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 0806+524, galaxies: jets, gamma rays: galaxies, individual: 1ES 0806+524 [BL Lacertae objects], Astrophysics, law.invention, law, MAGIC (telescope), Blazar, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, ta115, ta213, Compton scattering, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], non-thermal, galaxies: active, BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 0806+524, galaxies: jets, gamma rays: galaxies [radiation mechanisms], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxies: active, Galaxies: jets, Gamma rays: galaxies, Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Space and Planetary Science, Crab Nebula, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), active [galaxies], galaxies [gamma rays], ddc:520, Spectral energy distribution, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, BL Lac object, Flare
Abstract: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 451(1), 739 - 750 (2015). doi:10.1093/mnras/stv895, The high-frequency-peaked BL Lac (HBL) 1ES 0806+524 (z = 0.138) was discovered in very high energy (VHE) γ-rays in 2008. Until now, the broad-band spectrum of 1ES 0806+524 has been only poorly characterized, in particular at high energies. We analysed multiwavelength observations from γ-rays to radio performed from 2011 January to March, which were triggered by the high activity detected at optical frequencies. These observations constitute the most precise determination of the broad-band emission of 1ES 0806+524 to date. The stereoscopic Major Atmospheric Gamma-Ray Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) observations yielded a γ-ray signal above 250 GeV of (3.7 ± 0.7) per cent of the Crab Nebula flux with a statistical significance of 9.9σ. The multiwavelength observations showed significant variability in essentially all energy bands, including a VHE γ-ray flare that lasted less than one night, which provided unprecedented evidence for short-term variability in 1ES 0806+524. The spectrum of this flare is well described by a power law with a photon index of 2.97 ± 0.29 between ∼150 GeV and 1 TeV and an integral flux of (9.3 ± 1.9) per cent of the Crab nebula flux above 250 GeV. The spectrum during the non-flaring VHE activity is compatible with the only available VHE observation performed in 2008 with VERITAS when the source was in a low optical state. The broad-band spectral energy distribution can be described with a one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model with parameters typical for HBLs, indicating that 1ES 0806+524 is not substantially different from the HBLs previously detected., Published by Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford
Published: 2015
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16. P435Axillary access for ICD-CRT implantation: a new era of no acute complications? Observational study of 483 leads

Author: J Francisco Pascual, H Tornos Millet, J Rodriguez Garcia, G Pascual Gonzalez, A Aguilar Palacios, I Roca Luque, J Perez Rodon, M Riera Musach, N Rivas Gandara, T Soriano Colome, A Santos Ortega, A. Moya Mitjans, S I Llerena Butron, D. Garcia Dorado, and B Gordon Ramirez
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Physiology (medical), medicine, Observational study, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Intensive care medicine, business
Published: 2018
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17. VULNERABLE ELDERS SURVEY 13 (VES-13) EFFICACY IN INPATIENT ELDERLY PATIENTS

Author: C.Montesdeoca Godoy, A.Gómez De Liaño Lista, E. Llabrés Valentí, E.Vicente Rubio, E.González Rodriguez, M.Cejuela Solís, A. Ramchandani Vaswani, and J. Rodriguez Garcia
Subjects: Gerontology, Oncology, business.industry, Vulnerable elders, Medicine, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business
Published: 2019
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18. MAGIC upper limits on the GRB 090102 afterglow

Author: M. Gaug, Elisa Bernardini, Gianluca Giavitto, A. González Muñoz, C. Delgado Mendez, Victor Stamatescu, T. Schweizer, A. De Angelis, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, D. Dominis Prester, Robert Wagner, L. A. Antonelli, Julian Sitarek, Saverio Lombardi, M. L. Knoetig, P. Antoranz, J. Hose, Natalia Lewandowska, T. Toyama, A. Sillanpää, Nikola Godinovic, Takashi Saito, P. Temnikov, Benito Marcote, Abelardo Moralejo, A. La Barbera, Fabrizio Tavecchio, M. V. Fonseca, A. Bouvier, J. Moldón, D. Garrido Terrats, Konstancja Satalecka, Ll. Font, Reiko Orito, Francisco Prada, W. Idec, Julia Thaele, Michele Doro, M. Palatiello, Dario Hrupec, Jelena Aleksić, M. A. Lopez, E. Colombo, P. Da Vela, V. Scalzotto, Dominik Elsaesser, U. Barres de Almeida, A. Niedzwiecki, M. Doert, Damir Lelas, Fabio Zandanel, Ralph Bock, L. O. Takalo, K. Frantzen, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, M. Uellenbeck, David Paneque, Francesco Dazzi, Patrick Vogler, Hiroyasu Tajima, I. Snidaric, D. Carreto Fidalgo, Ana Babić, Dorota Sobczyńska, G. De Caneva, U. Menzel, M. Salvati, Stefano Ansoldi, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, Riccardo Paoletti, Nina Nowak, Diego F. Torres, A. Herrero, Christian Fruck, S. Partini, M. Hayashida, Francesco Longo, E. Lorenz, S. Paiano, Kari Nilsson, Karl Mannheim, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, K. Berger, P. Munar-Adrover, I. Lozano, D. Hadasch, Giacomo Bonnoli, E. Prandini, J. M. Paredes, M. Garczarczyk, Antonio Stamerra, Silvia Preziuso, Marc Ribó, P. G. Prada Moroni, J. Kushida, Aldo Treves, Jose Luis Contreras, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, Masahiro Teshima, O. Tibolla, Juan Cortina, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, Tomislav Terzić, A. Hadamek, J. Storz, Ivica Puljak, Alicia López-Oramas, Pierre Colin, J. Becerra González, Emanuele Paolo Farina, S. Bonnefoy, Aaron Dominguez, Mario Meucci, R. Mirzoyan, D. Eisenacher, E. Carmona, Daniel Ferenc, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Felix Spanier, D. Nakajima, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Jose Miguel Miranda, F. Borracci, Wolfgang Rhode, Ignasi Reichardt, G. Maneva, R. Zanin, A. Saggion, Adrian Biland, J. Rico, R. Reinthal, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, Daniel Mazin, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, Stefano Covino, S. Sun, Massimo Persic, A. Boller, L. Cossio, D. Tescaro, T. Krähenbühl, K. Saito, J. Masbou, M. I. Martínez, V. Kadenius, S. R. Gozzini, J. Rodriguez Garcia, Daniela Dorner, J., Aleksic, S., Ansoldi, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, A., Babic, U. B., de Almeida, J. A., Barrio, J. B., Gonzalez, W., Bednarek, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, O., Blanch, R. K., Bock, A., Boller, S., Bonnefoy, G., Bonnoli, F., Borracci, T., Bretz, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, D. C., Fidalgo, P., Colin, E., Colombo, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, L., Cossio, S., Covino, P., Da Vela, F., Dazzi, A., De Angeli, G., De Caneva, B., De Lotto, C. D., Mendez, M., Doert, A., Dominguez, D. D., Prester, D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, E., Farina, D., Ferenc, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, K., Frantzen, C., Fruck, R. J. G., Lopez, M., Garczarczyk, D. G., Terrat, M., Gaug, G., Giavitto, N., Godinovic, A. G., Munoz, S. R., Gozzini, A., Hadamek, D., Hadasch, A., Herrero, J., Hose, D., Hrupec, W., Idec, V., Kadeniu, M. L., Knoetig, T., Krahenbuhl, J., Krause, J., Kushida, A. L., Barbera, D., Lela, N., Lewandowska, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, R., Lopez Coto, M., Lopez, A., Lopez Orama, E., Lorenz, I., Lozano, M., Makariev, K., Mallot, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, B., Marcote, M., Mariotti, M., Martinez, J., Masbou, D., Mazin, U., Menzel, M., Meucci, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, J., Moldon, A., Moralejo, P., Munar Adrover, D., Nakajima, A., Niedzwiecki, K., Nilsson, N., Nowak, R., Orito, A., Overkemping, S., Paiano, M., Palatiello, D., Paneque, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, S., Partini, M., Persic, F., Prada, P. G. P., Moroni, E., Prandini, S., Preziuso, I., Puljak, I., Reichardt, R., Reinthal, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, J., Rico, J. R., Garcia, S., Rugamer, A., Saggion, K., Saito, T., Saito, M., Salvati, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, C., Schultz, T., Schweizer, S. N., Shore, A., Sillanpaa, J., Sitarek, I., Snidaric, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, V., Stamatescu, A., Stamerra, J., Storz, S., Sun, T., Suric, L., Takalo, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, T., Terzic, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, J., Thaele, O., Tibolla, D. F., Torre, T., Toyama, A., Treve, M., Uellenbeck, P., Vogler, R. M., Wagner, Q., Weitzel, F., Zandanel, R., Zanin, A., Bouvier, M., Hayashida, H., Tajima, and Longo, Francesco
Subjects: Photon, General, Non-thermal - gamma-ray burst, Radiation mechanisms, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, gamma-ray burst: general, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, general [gamma-ray burst], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, MAGIC (telescope), 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Physics, ta115, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], Afterglow, gamma-rays bursts: general, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma-ray burst, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: Indications of a GeV component in the emission from GRBs are known since the EGRET observations during the 1990's and they have been confirmed by the data of the Fermi satellite. These results have, however, shown that our understanding of GRB physics is still unsatisfactory. The new generation of Cherenkov observatories and in particular the MAGIC telescope, allow for the first time the possibility to extend the measurement of GRBs from several tens up to hundreds of GeV energy range. Both leptonic and hadronic processes have been suggested to explain the possible GeV/TeV counterpart of GRBs. Observations with ground-based telescopes of very high energy photons (E>30 GeV) from these sources are going to play a key role in discriminating among the different proposed emission mechanisms, which are barely distinguishable at lower energies. MAGIC telescope observations of the GRB 090102 (z=1.547) field and Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) data in the same time interval are analysed to derive upper limits of the GeV/TeV emission. We compare these results to the expected emissions evaluated for different processes in the framework of a relativistic blast wave model for the afterglow. Simultaneous upper limits with Fermi and a Cherenkov telescope have been derived for this GRB observation. The results we obtained are compatible with the expected emission although the difficulties in predicting the HE and VHE emission for the afterglow of this event makes it difficult to draw firmer conclusions. Nonetheless, MAGIC sensitivity in the energy range of overlap with space-based instruments (above about 40 GeV) is about one order of magnitude better with respect to Fermi. This makes evident the constraining power of ground-based observations and shows that the MAGIC telescope has reached the required performance to make possible GRB multiwavelength studies in the very high energy range., 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to MNRAS
Published: 2014
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19. Synthesizing higher nitride of molybdenum (Mo) and iron (Fe) in ammonia (NH3) gas stream under irradiation of concentrated solar beam in a solar furnace

Author: L. Guerra Rosa, J. Rodriguez Garcia, F. Almeida Costa Oliveira, C. Ramos Minarro, I. Canadas Martinez, Tiago Magalhães, F. Cestari, J. Cruz Fernandes, and Nobumitsu Shohoji
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Solar furnace, Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, Inorganic chemistry, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Nitride, Atmospheric temperature range, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Dissociation (chemistry), Volumetric flow rate, Ammonia, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mechanics of Materials, Molybdenum, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, Nitriding
Abstract: Flowing gaseous ammonia NH3 with suppressed extent of dissociation (un-cracked NH3) is acknowledged to function as a powerful nitriding medium to realize formation of metal nitride MNx with considerably high N/M ratio x that cannot be achieved through reaction of M with N2 gas. For example, mono-nitride δ-MoN of Mo and e-FeNx phase of Fe with x = 0.33 ˜ 0.50 (i. e. hypo-stoichiometric sub-nitride e-Fe2N) were reported to be difficult to prepare in N2 gas environment even at elevated pressure but might be synthesized in flowing NH3 gas at normal pressure when reaction temperature and NH3 gas flow rate were set adequately. In the present work, nitriding experiments for Mo and Fe were carried out in flowing NH3 gas under irradiation with concentrated solar beam. The acquired experimental evidences demonstrated that temperature range for formation of δ-MoN was somewhat extended in flowing NH3 gas under heating with concentrated solar beam compared with that under heating in conventional laboratory or industrial electric furnace. On the other hand, no such merit of extending temperature range for formation of e-Fe2N in flowing NH3 gas was detected in the present work under heating with concentrated solar beam.
Published: 2013
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20. Performance studies of the new stereoscopic Sum-Trigger-II of MAGIC after one year of operation

Author: D. Nakajima, Francesco Dazzi, D. Herranz Lazaro, Mercedes López, J. Rodriguez Garcia, and T. Schweizer
Subjects: Pixel, Trigger strategy, Computer science, Crab Pulsar, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Real-time computing, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Stereoscopy, law.invention, Telescope, law, MAGIC (telescope), Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Energy (signal processing), Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: MAGIC is a stereoscopic system of two Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) located at La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain) and working in the field of very high energy gamma-ray astronomy. It makes use of a traditional digital trigger with an energy threshold of around 55 GeV. A novel trigger strategy, based on the analogue sum of signals from partially overlapped patches of pixels, leads to a lower threshold. In 2008, this principle was proven by the detection of the Crab Pulsar at 25 GeV by MAGIC in single telescope operation. During Winter 2013/14, a new system, based on this concept, was implemented for stereoscopic observations after several years of development. In this contribution the strategy of the operative stereoscopic trigger system, as well as the first performance studies, are presented. Finally, some possible future improvements to further reduce the energy threshold of this trigger are addressed., 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference 2015
Published: 2016
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21. Investigating the peculiar emission from the new VHE gamma-ray source H1722+119

Author: M. Hayashida, M. Makariev, B. Biasuzzi, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, Louis Antonelli, D. Dominis Prester, E. Prandini, M. Doert, M. H. Wu, Massimo Persic, F. D'Ammando, Marc Ribó, G. Bonnoli, Abelardo Moralejo, Juri Poutanen, R. Reinthal, V. Fallah Ramazani, P. Bangale, Y. Hanabata, Razmik Mirzoyan, U. Barres de Almeida, Damir Lelas, T. Steinbring, Marina Manganaro, P. G. Prada Moroni, Stefano Covino, Hidetoshi Kubo, P. Antoranz, D. Galindo, J. Becerra González, G. Pedaletti, Dorota Sobczyńska, D. Nakajima, Thomas Bretz, J. Hose, Andrei Berdyugin, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, S. Bonnefoy, A. Sillanpää, Arka Chatterjee, Francesco Longo, D. Elsaesser, F. Di Pierro, K. Kodani, Alexander Hahn, Konstancja Satalecka, Walter Max-Moerbeck, Tomoki Saito, D. Tescaro, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, H. Takami, L. Nogués, U. Menzel, Michele Doro, M. I. Martínez, Gareth Hughes, Talvikki Hovatta, C. Schultz, E. Moretti, Marcel Strzys, D. Fidalgo, Vassil Verguilov, Aaron Dominguez, Diego F. Torres, Julia Thaele, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Reiko Orito, F. Verrecchia, Sabrina Einecke, Junko Kushida, P. Da Vela, R. López-Coto, J. Rodriguez Garcia, J. E. Ward, M. Palatiello, Elina Lindfors, A. Niedzwiecki, Kyoshi Nishijima, Ievgen Vovk, Wolfgang Rhode, Daniel Mazin, Oscar Blanch, Julian Sitarek, Juan Abel Barrio, L. Maraschi, Francesco Dazzi, David Paneque, A. Fernández-Barral, Markus Garczarczyk, Yusuke Konno, C. Fruck, B. De Lotto, M. Villata, T. Schweizer, T. Toyama, D. Guberman, Tomislav Terzić, K. Frantzen, J. L. Richards, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, S. Paiano, Saverio Lombardi, Karl Mannheim, D. Hadasch, L. Perri, A. La Barbera, D. Eisenacher Glawion, X. Paredes-Fortuny, P. Temnikov, M. Nievas Rosillo, W. Idec, A. González Muñoz, E. Colombo, B. Banerjee, S. Buson, L. O. Takalo, Masahiro Teshima, Daniela Dorner, R. Zanin, Dariusz Gora, Adrian Biland, M. Gaug, J. Rico, J. Herrera, Koji Noda, Elisa Bernardini, A. De Angelis, A. Treves, Vitaly Neustroev, Jose Luis Contreras, Juan Cortina, G. Maneva, C. M. Raiteri, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, Max Ludwig Ahnen, Kari Nilsson, P. Giammaria, M. Will, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, R. Clavero, D. Garrido Terrats, W. Bednarek, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Ll. Font, I. Snidaric, Ana Babić, Stefano Ansoldi, Riccardo Paoletti, J. Palacio, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, Alessandro Carosi, Jose Miguel Miranda, F. Borracci, Anthony C. S. Readhead, Universitat de Barcelona, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Ahnen ML, Ansoldi S, Antonelli LA, Antoranz P, Babic A, Banerjee B, Bangale P, de Almeida UB, Barrio JA, Gonzalez JB, Bednarek W, Bernardini E, Biasuzzi B, Biland A, Blanch O, Bonnefoy S, Bonnoli G, Borracci F, Bretz T, Buson S, Carosi A, Chatterjee A, Clavero R, Colin P, Colombo E, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Covino S, Da Vela P, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, De Lotto B, Wilhelmi ED, Di Pierro F, Doert M, Dominguez A, Prester DD, Dorner D, Doro M, Einecke S, Glawion DE, Elsaesser D, Ramazani VF, Fernandez-Barral A, Fidalgo D, Fonseca MV, Font L, Frantzen K, Fruck C, Galindo D, Lopez RJG, Garczarczyk M, Terrats DG, Gaug M, Giammaria P, Godinovic N, Munoz AG, Gora D, Guberman D, Hadasch D, Hahn A, Hanabata Y, Hayashida M, Herrera J, Hose J, Hrupec D, Hughes G, Idec W, Kodani K, Konno Y, Kubo H, Kushida J, La Barbera A, Lelas D, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Longo F, Lopez M, Lopez-Coto R, Majumdar P, Makariev M, Mallot K, Maneva G, Manganaro M, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Marcote B, Mariotti M, Martinez M, Mazin D, Menzel U, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Moralejo A, Moretti E, Nakajima D, Neustroev V, Niedzwiecki A, Rosillo MN, Nilsson K, Nishijima K, Noda K, Nogues L, Orito R, Overkemping A, Paiano S, Palacio J, Palatiello M, Paneque D, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Paredes-Fortuny X, Pedaletti G, Perri L, Persic M, Poutanen J, Moroni PGP, Prandini E, Puljak I, Rhode W, Ribo M, Rico J, Garcia JR, Saito T, Satalecka K, Schultz C, Schweizer T, Sillanpaa A, Sitarek J, Snidaric I, Sobczynska D, Stamerra A, Steinbring T, Strzys M, Takalo L, Takami H, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Terzic T, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Thaele J, Torres DF, Toyama T, Treves A, Verguilov V, Vovk I, Ward JE, Will M, Wu MH, Zanin R, DAmmando F, Berdyugin A, Hovatta T, Max-Moerbeck W, Raiteri CM, Readhead ACS, Reinthal R, Richards JL, Verrecchia F, Villata M, Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Buson, S., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., De Oña Wilhelmi, E., Di Pierro, F., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher Glawion, D., Elsaesser, D., Fallah Ramazani, V., Fernández Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., López Coto, R., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogués, L., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, Michele, Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Pedaletti, G., Perri, L., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T, Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., D'Ammando, F., Berdyugin, A., Hovatta, T., Max Moerbeck, W., Raiteri, C. M., Readhead, A. C. S., Reinthal, R., Richards, J. L., Verrecchia, F., and Villata, M.
Subjects: galaxie [Gamma-rays], gamma-rays: galaxies, UPGRADE, Astrophysics, DETECTED BLAZARS, 01 natural sciences, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, law.invention, Raigs gamma, law, galaxies: active, BL Lacertae objects: individual: H1722+119, galaxies, distances and redshifts, BL LACERTAE OBJECTS, ALL-SKY SURVEY, MAGIC, TELESCOPES, LAC OBJECTS, SOURCE CATALOG, MAJOR, HELICAL JETS, CRAB-NEBULA, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), distances and redshift [Galaxies], active BL Lacertae objects, individual, H1722+119 galaxies, distances and redshifts gamma-rays, Galaxies: active, Galaxies: distances and redshifts, Gamma-rays: galaxies, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies [Gamma-rays], Extragalactic background light, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, BL Lac object, active [Galaxies], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Owens Valley Radio Observatory, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Telescope, galaxies: active, BL Lacertae objects: individual: H1722+119, galaxies: distances and redshifts, gamma-rays: galaxies, 0103 physical sciences, individual: H1722+119 [BL Lacertae objects], distances and redshifts [Galaxies], ta115, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, Crab Nebula, 13. Climate action, Galàxies actives, Active galaxies, ddc:520
Abstract: The MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes observed the BL Lac object H1722+119 (redshift unknown) for six consecutive nights between 2013 May 17 and 22, for a total of 12.5 h. The observations were triggered by high activity in the optical band measured by the KVA (Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien) telescope. The source was for the first time detected in the very high energy (VHE, $E > 100$ GeV) $\gamma$-ray band with a statistical significance of 5.9 $\sigma$. The integral flux above 150 GeV is estimated to be $(2.0\pm 0.5)$ per cent of the Crab Nebula flux. We used contemporaneous high energy (HE, 100 MeV $ < E < 100$ GeV) $\gamma$-ray observations from Fermi-LAT (Large Area Telescope) to estimate the redshift of the source. Within the framework of the current extragalactic background light models, we estimate the redshift to be $z = 0.34 \pm 0.15$. Additionally, we used contemporaneous X-ray to radio data collected by the instruments on board the Swift satellite, the KVA, and the OVRO (Owens Valley Radio Observatory) telescope to study multifrequency characteristics of the source. We found no significant temporal variability of the flux in the HE and VHE bands. The flux in the optical and radio wavebands, on the other hand, did vary with different patterns. The spectral energy distribution (SED) of H1722+119 shows surprising behaviour in the $\sim 3\times10^{14} - 10^{18}$ Hz frequency range. It can be modelled using an inhomogeneous helical jet synchrotron self-Compton model., Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2016
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22. Poster session: Aortic stenosis

Author: R. Piccolo, J. Clarke, C. A. Brambila, B. Igual Munoz, K. Hristova, M. S. Carvalho, M. Tesic, O. Azevedo, J. A. Del Prado, A. Mcculloch, O. Kaitozis, B. Popovic, S. Stankovic, H. Chamsi-Pasha, R. Abdelfatah, V. Parisi, K. Pushparajah, E. Zemtsovsky, B. Kilickiran Avci, A. Manouras, K. Takenaka, F. Parthenakis, P. Vardas, A. Goudev, M. Orii, A. Kutarski, R. De Rosa, M. Castillo Orive, A. Sahlen, H. Ahn, S. Nedjati-Gilani, G. J. King, H. Bellsham-Revell, D. Lahidheb, M. Anastasiou-Nana, F. Pereira Machado, S. Yurdakul, N. Olsen, S. Pica, A. Ebihara, T. Nakajima, P. Molina Aguilar, R. Hornsten, M. Elnoamany, M. Cramer, G. Tamborini, G. Pagano, H. Kim, S. Soderberg, A. M. Gonzalez, N. Zlatareva, E. Marangio, F. Yang, G. Cho, I. Paunovic, C. Jons, T. Tanimoto, H. Triantafyllidi, D. Gopalan, O. Ozcan, M. Norman, G. Grazioli, F. Castillo, E. Kort, R. Bruno, J. Kostic, M. Daimon, D. Kang, C. Badiu, C. Magnino, C. Bucca, I. Joao, F. Buendia Sanchez, A. Tomaszewski, M. Alasnig, J. Kisslo, T. Kawata, S. Fernandez Casares, A. Livingston, J. Silva Cardoso, S. Korkmaz, J. Rodriguez Garcia, M. Tomaszewski, Y. Motoyoshi, A. Kaneva, E. Kinova, J. Lekakis, N. Bruun, M. Elneklawy, K. Uno, K. Nour, J. M. Ferrer, T. Wada, T. Katova, E. Ermis, F. Gaita, S. Rafla, F. Macedo, S. Woo, S. Perry, M. Lonnebakken, K. Thapa, M. Banovic, C. Selton-Suty, V. Pereira, A. Lourenco, G. Dreyfus, W. Serra, M. Hedstrom, A. Hagendorff, H. Nishino, T. Filali, M. Muratori, F. De Stefano, J. Marin, B. Jedaida, I. Rangel, J. Haertel, S. Tzortzis, A. Kalogerakis, G. Galasso, P. Hoffman, L. Chen, Y. Juilliere, V. Kostova, J. Navarro Manchon, C. J. Lopez-Guarch, J L Moya Mur, J. D. J. Baguda, C. Moretti, C. Manisty, N. Hajlaoui, H. Mahfoudhi, E. Martins, F. Bourlon, Y. Choi, C. Papadopoulos, A. Santos, I. V. Vassiliadis, A. Pereira, D. Domingo Valero, P. Iacotucci, C. Fernandez-Golfin, P. Li, I. Xanthopoulou, G. Pontone, R. Tan, D. D. Valero, D. Cramariuc, D. Lovric, F. Maffessanti, V. Pehar Pejcinovic, Y. Xu, M. Gurzun, L. Mitrofanova, P. Sousa, M. Miglioranza, A. Goncalves, I. Nedeljkovic, S. Stanic, C Di Mario, Y. Shiono, Y. Bian, E. Tossavainen, N. Risum, L. Sargento, K. Hirata, K. Said, H. Park, A. M. Argudo, T. Kubo, S. Barker, A. Chetta, R. Palma Reis, E. Malev, C. Yao, I. Papadakis, R. Medeiros, J. Tong, M. Previtali, T. Yamaguchi, S.-H. Shin, M. Sitges, C. Calinescu, J. Rueda Soriano, K. Steine, R. Ichikawa, K. Farouk, S. Pedri, J. Ripsweden, S. Carillo, G. Gelbrich, P. Rees, F. Costantino, S. Hutchings, A. Bel Minguez, A. Gaspar, M. Petrovic, M. Li Kam Wa, E. Mavronasiou, R. Winter, I. Quelhas, J. Johnson, A. Gopal, H. Jurin, R. Rordorf, M. Al-Mallah, A. Kydd, M. Ezat, A. M. Duncan, A. Kyriacou, Y. Kim, D. Mihalcea, J. Lessa, L. Mont, T. Fritz Hansen, J. Separovic Hanzevacki, D. Mesa, R. Mincu, G. Pavlidis, A.D.J. Ten Harkel, L. Gabrielli, F. Civaia, B. Vujisic-Tesic, M. Lourenco, C. Cefalu, C. Alexandrescu, L. Stefani, D. Gerede, M. Bartesaghi, C. Calin, F. Alamanni, A. Giesecke, P. Fazendas, C. Sousa, C. Ginghina, J. Magne, S. Lemoine, M. Gonzalez, C. Gohlke-Baerwolf, K. H. Hirata, S. Fawzi, H. Kisacik, B. Popescu, L. Visconti, W. Brzozowski, M. Driessen, V. Schiano Lomoriello, S. Yamada, I. Machado, F. Silveira, A. Nordin, E. Velazquez, J. Simpson, D. Vasilev, R. Rimbas, R. Murphy, C. Szymanski, T. Imanishi, M. Martirosyan, E. Najjar, J. Chambers, I. Jovanovic, A. Nagorni, E. Gunyeli, M. Omelchenko, P. De Araujo Goncalves, E. Avenatti, R. Marinov, A. Rieck, C. Tribouilloy, I. Sitges, P. Navas Tejedor, N. Lousada, W. Fehri, B. Pezo Nikolic, T. Leiner, C. Lazaro Rivera, H. Pereira, M. Loeffler, R. Hural, D. Caldeira, D. Francis, M. Di Natale, P. Salgado Filho, F. Gao, C. Alm, G. Tarsia, A. Aleixo, D. Vinereanu, C. Cotrim, M. Lotfi, B. Mc Loughlin, H. Morita, S. K. Saha, A. Djordjevic-Dikic, D. Voilliot, R. Camporotondo, J. Shin, P. Pavlov, M. A. Cattabiani, G. Sekita, A. Djordjevic Dikic, K. Ishibashi, C. Pare, J. Kwan, S. Miyazaki, V. Di Tante, E. Svenungsson, V. Giga, Y. Ino, M. Rover, J. Niewiadomska, M. Florescu, I. Skjoerten, C. Wilson, P. Davlouros, M. Hazekamp, N. Moat, A. Correia, C. Tekedis, I. Ikonomidis, B. Dilekci, L. Magda, T. Le, D. Sohn, S. Hamdy, M. Cinteza, R. Enache, A. Milan, R. Dahmani, A. Lopez Granados, J. Zamorano Gomez, E. Zorio Grima, S. Ghulam Ali, B. Demirkan, A. Shehata, M. Vono, M. Chiarlo, Miguel Mota Carmo, D. Trifunovic, B. Bijnens, Y. Yatomi, J J Jimenez Nacher, B. Rogge, R. Nagai, D. Dutka, X. Shen, I. Mordi, M. Henein, F. Celeste, G. Nadais, H. El Atroush, T. Yamano, D. Andreini, B. Beleslin, H. Suzuki, L. Yan, S. Ghio, C. C. De Sousa, S. Stoebe, S. Petrovic-Nagorni, D. Leosco, T. Komori, S. El-Tobgi, S. Mihaila, A. Madureira, T. Leiria, G. Kim, H. Haouala, B. Stuart, G. Touati, K. Oleszczak, M. Ostojic, J. Song, D. Presutti, A. Fournier, H. Daida, M. Perez Guillen, I. Kuipers, H. Hwang, B. Belesiln, K. Park, Y. Guray, D. Pfeiffer, C. Reverberi, A. Lech, A. Valentini, A. Cogo, F. Piscione, S. Negrea, S. Mezghani, V. Pilosoff, P. Sogaard, N. Blom, N. Tzemos, A. Mantovani, K. Okada, A. Turco, M. Peltier, B. Lopez Melgar, U. Guray, Q. Chen, S. Chamuleau, T. Stanton, F. Baeza, S. M. Rafla, J. Roquette, I. Almuntaser, E. Picano, D. Rusinaru, R. Kalil, R. Martin Asenjo, A. Kiotsekoglou, A. Chilingaryan, B. Candemir, P. Sonecki, A. Moulias, M. Rosca, H. Marques, A. Patrianakos, S. Sahin, J. Estornell Erill, O. Enescu, J. Spratt, P. Barbier, M. Maciel, I. Ivanac Vranesic, P. Lindqvist, T. Snow, J. Silva-Cardoso, N. Koutsogiannis, D. Ardissino, L. Zhong, K. Adamyan, L. Mccormick, A. Calin, P. Innelli, S. Yokoyama, C. Erol, P. Pabari, A. Tarr, M. Galderisi, S. Govind, B. Suran, I. Simova, E. Guyeli, T. Pinho, L. Bjornadal, B. Diaz Anton, J. Hilde, R. Sicari, C. Beladan, M. Ege, A. Zacharaki, L. Ghiadoni, A. A. La Huerta, S. Zdravkovic-Ciric, O. Huttin, K. Jensen-Urstad, F. Veglio, M. Elsedi, M. Nakabachi, P. Zinzius, D. Kim, H. Dores, A. Kakkavas, H. Badran, V. Sanchez Sanchez, E. Duo, J. Carrasco, A. Almeida, M. Virdee, M. Llemit, A. Anwar, L. Pratali, J. Monmeneu Menadas, S. Nevin, L. Fusini, F. Lombera Romero, E. Despotopoulos, E. Nyktari, G. Galanti, K. Kim, A. Van Der Hulst, H. Khachab, M. Dikic, I. Cruz, M. Melsom, J. Brugada, V. Mitic, M. Landolina, S. Turhan, V. Hansteen, D Rodriguez Munoz, J. S. De Lezo, N. Gori, Z. Baricevic, S.-P. Lee, M. Arnau Vives, S. Lee, P. Gripari, S. Humerfelt, F. Huang, T. Mikami, G. Soltan, T. Akasaka, S. Kaga, G. Penney, L. Toncelli, K. Boman, B. Basnyat, E. Kowalik, A. Bartolini, S. Georgiev, K. Shahgaldi, M. Pepi, M. Ruiz Ortiz, R. Sant'anna, H. Tsutsui, P. A. Fernandez, G. Tempesti, S. Aytekin, H. Iwano, Y. Nosir, C. Raineri, J. Rasmunsson, S. Lasarov, P. Lopez Lereu, V. Persic, F. Khan, J. Hisdal, M. Gommidh, A. Alhagoly, E. Gerdts, M. Milicia, G. Rengo, K. Kimura, F. Hakansson, M. Morenate, P. Mitev, M. Yacoub, M. Satendra, B. Kusmierczyk-Droszcz, E. Romo, R. Jankovic-Tomasevic, A. Roest, J. Stepanovic, J. Schwartz, Z. Ashour, L. Klitsie, J. Giner Blasco, M. Delgado, P. Omede, S. Mayordomo Gomez, I. Paraskevaidis, J. L. Zamorano, N. Goodfield, E. Dores, S. Davies, N. Patrascu, D. Alexopoulos, L. Donate Bertolin, D. Stanojevic, E. Psathakis, M. Dobric, P. Trivilou, H. Sasmaz, A. Marinkovic, O. Mirea, G. Sieswerda, M. Maruyama, A. M. Maceira Gonzalez, T. I. Imanishi, A. Santoro, G. Festa, R. Coma Samartin, and V. Atanaskovic
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Stenosis, business.industry, Internal medicine, Cardiology, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine, Session (computer science), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.disease
Published: 2012
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23. Case-based session: cardiac masses: Wednesday 3 December 2014, 11:00-12:30 * Location: Agora

Author: P. Garcia Gonzalez, T. Cros Ruiz De Galarreta, M.J. Corbí Pascual, L. Torracca, O. Fabregat Andres, M. Amaro, Salvador Morell-Cabedo, G. Sanchez Gallego, Chao-Yu Hsu, A.G. Almeida, Chun-Yu Huang, F. Ridocci Soriano, C. Albiach-Montañana, M.I. Barrionuevo Sánchez, M. Barambio Ruiz, N. Chacon Hernandez, E Cambronero Cortinas, J. Rodriguez Garcia, R. Placido, Sandrina Gonçalves, M. Mendes Pedro, B. Bochard Villanueva, J. Silva Marques, Dulce Brito, N. Baxeiras Gonzalez, M. Nobre Menezes, R. Fuentes Manso, J. Estornell Erill, R. De La Espriella Juan, R Paya Serrano, A. Tercero Martinez, Ting Wu, W.-C. Yu, S. Bucari, and V. M. Parato
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Ejection fraction, Tricuspid valve, business.industry, Myxoma, Atrial fibrillation, Dilated cardiomyopathy, General Medicine, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Internal medicine, Aortic valve stenosis, cardiovascular system, medicine, Cardiology, Heart murmur, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Fossa ovalis, Radiology, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: 68 Rare heart involvement of a systemic vasculitis: cardiac mass in wegener syndrome {#article-title-2} Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is one of the small vessel vasculitides. The percentage of cases that involve the heart is unknown, but cardiac manifestations are rare. We report a patient with WG with a mass. A 60-year-old woman presented to hospital with monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT). She had history of atrial fibrillation, with normal TTE. A TTE was performed that revealed a mitral mass attached to the mitral posterior leaflet. The mass had no contrast capture and she had moderate mitral regurgitation (MR) and good biventricular function. A 2D TOE demonstrated a mass in atrioventricular junction sized 20x18mm, with similary echodensity to the miocardium and well-defined edges (Image1) and significant MR secondary to displacement of the posterior leaflet. Coronary angiography showed normal epicardial coronary. VT were not induced on electrophysiological study. From her blood tests MPO-ANCA antibody were elevated. Cardiac-MRI confirmed the presence of an atrioventricular junction mass (Image2). T2-weighted imaging demonstrated the mass to be hyperintense with respect to the surrounding myocardium (Image3). The patient had involvement of other organs (nose, renal,…). The patient was treated with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide. A TTE performed after the beginning of the immunosuppressive therapy showed that the cardiac mass had disappeared. It is very unusual cardiac involvement of the WG. In cases of heart mass we'd not only think of thrombus, myxoma or other tumors. We don't forget other etiologies such as inflammatory masses. This mass was correctly diagnosed with imaging techniques and C-MRI was especially helpful. We underline that cardiac mass in WG can be successfully treated by immunosuppressive therapy, so that surgical approach could be avoided in selected patients. ![Figure][1] Figure # 69 A dancing tumor in the heart {#article-title-3} A 53-year-old woman presented with fatigue and dyspnea on exertion. She had received hysterectomy because of a large uterine leiomyoma 9 years previously. Thereafter, she had undergone multiple wedge resections for recurrent pulmonary nodules in both lungs (Figure1 right upper panelA) since 5 years after the hysterectomy. The pathology of the resected nodules showed metastatic leiomyomas. A MRI of chest revealed a filling defect (Figure 1 left upper panel) in right atrium (RA) during regular post-operative follow-up. A transthoracic echocardiography showed a serpentine mass floating between RA and right ventricle (RV). A transesophageal echocardiography depicted that the tumor mass originated from inferior vena cave (IVC), extended into RA, and moved back and forth through the tricuspid valve into RV during cardiac cycle (Figure 1 right lower panel). A computed tomography (CT) of abdomen showed a right pelvic tumor with extension to IVC (Figure 1 left lower panel). The patient received two-stage operation for both intracardiac and pelvic tumors. The pathologic report disclosed leiomyomas. The postoperative period was uncomplicated and uneventful. This concluded an intravenous leiomyomatosis with pulmonary metastases. ![Figure 1][1] Figure 1 # 70 A giant myxoma of the left atrium involving the entirety of fossa ovalis in an oligosymptomatic patient. {#article-title-4} The Case: We present a case of a 60 years old woman with mild and atypical symptoms, which orientated to thinking to a pneumonitis or bronchial asthma. The appearance of pulmonary edema and enlarged heart size at chest-X-ray determined a couple of cardiologic exams (ECG, transthoracic echocardiography) which came to obiectivate, as the main cause of the symptoms, the existence of a GIANT left atrial mixoma (6x4 cm) which was attached to entirety of fossa ovalis, with a clear diastolic prolapse into the mitral valve annulus. The tumor was resected en bloc with the interatrial septum. An atrial septal defect was created during the resection and safely repaired by bovine pericardial patch. Surgical intervention lead to healing of the patient. Conclusion: The clinical presentation of the atrial myxoma is variable. Usually there is a classic triad of symptoms: (1) symptoms of mitral valve obstruction; (2) symptoms of embolism; (3) constitutional symptoms and laboratory abnormalities. Patients with LA myxoma simulate clinically mitral stenosis whereas patients with RA and RV myxomas present with features of right heart failure. Angina pectoris may be the first manifestation of myxoma. In most part of cases symptoms are mild or/and atypical. Even patients with LARGE myxomas may be oligosymptomatic and an high index of suspicion is essential for the diagnosis. Echocardiography is the ideal tool for diagnosis as also for follow-up. Immediate surgical treatment is indicated in all patients. Cardiac myxomas can be excised with a low rate of mortality and morbidity. ![Figure][1] Figure # 71 Massive calcification involving a left ventricular false tendon {#article-title-5} We report the case of a 70-year-old man with cardiovascular risk factors and a history of a heart murmur diagnosed during infancy, presenting with worsening exertional dyspnea. The physical examination showed a slow-rising carotid pulse, a grade III/VI systolic murmur and crepitant rales at pulmonary auscultation. Laboratory evaluation revealed a normal complete blood count, renal function, ionized calcium and phosphate and a plasmatic brain natriuretic peptide level of 2500 pg/ml. Echocardiographic evaluation showed concentric left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy with preserved ejection fraction, mild diastolic dysfunction and a severe aortic valve stenosis (valve area of 0.6 cm2/m2). Calcified masses were also observed at the mid-LV cavity on 2D and 3D echo (Panels A and B, arrows), which determined turbulent flow depicted by colour Doppler (Panel C). Steady-state free-precession cine cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) confirmed the presence of a membrane with transverse arrangement, suggestive of an anomalous band abnormally thickened and calcified (Panels D and E, arrowheads). This non-obstructive structure was connected with the anterolateral papillary muscle and with the lateral wall of the left ventricle by multiple fibrous filaments The presence of fibrosis was excluded by late gadolinium enhancement CMR. LV false tendons are fibromuscular structures of varying length and thickness that traverse the ventricular cavity and are accepted as anatomic variants. Calcium deposits in the heart are common in older persons and have been described in association with coronary artery disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, aorto-mitral valvular disease and renal disease. We report a case of massive left ventricular false tendon calcification associated with aortic valve calcification and stenosis. ![Figure][1] Figure # 72 Mediastinal mass in a young patient with a history of heart transplantation {#article-title-6} A 37-year-old man with a history of heart transplantation three years ago was referred to our Cardiac Image Unit for evaluation of a mediastinal mass. The patient complained of diffuse abdominal pain with dyspepsia and abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multiples space-occupying lesions in the liver with normal fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Echocardiography showed a paracardial mass with preserved systolic function and absence of valvular disease. Subsequently, cardiac MRI was indicated showing a polylobulated mass adjacent to the left atrium and atrioventricular groove (7.8x3.4x4.0 cm diameter). The mass was characterized by an intermediate intensity on T1-weighted turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence, it was hyperintense on T2-weighted TSE sequence (not suppressed with fat-saturation techniques) and it had a heterogeneous contrast uptake, all of which suggest malignancy (most likely lymphoma). A whole body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was performed confirming a left paracardial hypodense irregular mass, predominantly solid and hypermetabolic (SUV max. 17.8 g/ml) with ametabolic areas consistent with central necrotic tissue. Moreover, multiples hypermetabolic well-defined masses suggestive of liver metastatic lesions were observed. Then, a new fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the liver confirmed the presence of a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The treatment included reduction of immunosuppression therapy and R-CHOP chemotherapy every 21 days. Lymphoproliferative syndrome is the most common neoplastic complication after skin and cervix cancer in patients undergoing solid organ transplantation and can reach up to 15% during the first year. This case highlights the value of cardiac magnetic resonance and PET/CT in the assessment of a paracardial mass. ![Figure][1] Figure [1]: pending:yes
Published: 2014
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24. Design and Fabrication of Novel Ridge Guide Modulators in Lithium Niobate

Author: Wolfgang Sohler, Hui Hu, J. Rodriguez-Garcia, and M. Garcia-Granda
Subjects: Fabrication, Materials science, Extinction ratio, business.industry, Lithium niobate, Mach–Zehnder interferometer, Waveguide (optics), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Interferometry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, Astronomical interferometer, business, Low voltage
Abstract: A thorough theoretical analysis of Mach-Zehnder-type ridge guide modulators has been performed in this paper. A novel electrode/waveguide structure was identified, yielding low driving voltages for high bandwidth operation. Based on this design, the fabrication of improved modulators was developed, introducing various novelties: low-loss Ti-indiffused wet-etched ridge guides in LiNbO3, a complete ridge guide interferometer, and a specific electrode structure to be used with ridge interferometers. The operation of the modulator was demonstrated, yielding V pi = 2.14 V and V pi L = 5.35 Vmiddotcm at low frequencies and an on-off extinction ratio of 20 dB.
Published: 2009
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25. Multiband variability studies and novel broadband SED modeling of Mrk 501 in 2009

Author: K. Nishijima, J. L. Richards, Stefano Covino, G. Piner, D. Dominis Prester, U. Menzel, A. Flinders, D. Tescaro, Louis Antonelli, D. Galindo, Aaron Dominguez, S. Schröder, Elena G. Larionova, Kari Nilsson, Paul S. Smith, A. McCann, T. S. Grishina, Wen Ping Chen, M. Will, Pratik Majumdar, J. E. Ward, Daniela Dorner, Dariusz Gora, P. Moriarty, C. Rulten, Soebur Razzaque, D. Garrido Terrats, K. Frantzen, Joseph Moody, Wystan Benbow, G. Hughes, K. Ragan, Ralph Bird, L. Perri, M. Gaug, T. Sakamoto, Valeri M. Larionov, Elina Lindfors, G. H. Sembroski, Daniel Mazin, Ievgen Vovk, A. Hahn, M. Hütten, N. H. Park, Alexander B. Pushkarev, G. Maccaferri, Thomas Bretz, P. Wilcox, P. Kar, D. Nakajima, R. Zanin, J. Herrera, Wei Cui, Amanda Weinstein, J. Palacio, P. G. Prada Moroni, Frank Krennrich, Matthew L. Lister, A. Berti, A. Cesarini, M. Kertzman, A. La Barbera, Walter Max-Moerbeck, E. Colombo, M. Villata, M. P. Connolly, Adrian Biland, D. S. Hanna, Ana Babić, D. Eisenacher Glawion, Juan Abel Barrio, John L. Quinn, M. Capalbi, Koji Noda, Arka Chatterjee, Elisa Bernardini, A. Sillanpää, Adrian Rovero, Antonio Stamerra, J. V. Tucci, M. Nievas Rosillo, M. Palatiello, L. V. Larionova, S. N. Shore, R. Mukherjee, M. J. Lang, Daniel Nieto, M. I. Martínez, S. Bonnefoy, J. Kushida, P. Giammaria, P. Bangale, Wolfgang Rhode, Gernot Maier, G. Pedaletti, L. O. Takalo, Margo F. Aller, Jose Luis Contreras, Andrei Berdyugin, J. A. Zensus, E. Roache, V. Verguilov, D. Fidalgo, C. Pace, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Francesco Dazzi, Juan Cortina, M. Engelkemeier, G. H. Gillanders, A. Carraminyana, S. P. Wakely, Mosè Mariotti, J. Rico, A. Fernández-Barral, R. Clavero, J. Becerra González, A.-K. Overkemping, S. O. Kurtanidze, Sabrina Einecke, Abraham D. Falcone, A. González Muñoz, Evgenia N. Kopatskaya, Lars Fuhrmann, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, Karlen Shahinyan, Takashi Saito, W. Bednarek, C. Schultz, Marcos Santander, Fabrizio Tavecchio, J. Rodriguez Garcia, E. Pueschel, Ll. Font, A. C. Sadun, A. Popkow, J. Grube, V. Bugaev, Anthony C. S. Readhead, R. Ligustri, A. Archer, I. Snidaric, Yusuke Konno, P. Calcidese, M. Strzys, A. Pichel, Saverio Lombardi, B. De Lotto, Markus Garczarczyk, N. Kelley-Hoskins, J. Tyler, Ann E. Wehrle, B. Banerjee, S. Buson, D. Hadasch, N. Otte, Maria G. Nikolashvili, Gordon T. Richards, L. Nogués, B. Biasuzzi, Juri Poutanen, U. Barres de Almeida, J. P. Finley, K. Mallot, S. Paiano, Marcello Giroletti, I. Nestoras, A. De Angelis, A. Treves, Vitaly Neustroev, X. Paredes-Fortuny, T. B. Humensky, R. A. Ong, Karl Mannheim, J. H. Buckley, Yu. A. Kovalev, R. J. García López, H. Fleischhack, G. N. Kimeridze, I. Sadeh, David A. Williams, Y. Mori, M. V. Fonseca, W. Idec, Matthias Kadler, Yuri Y. Kovalev, Stefano Ansoldi, Riccardo Paoletti, K. Kodani, J. P. Norris, O. M. Kurtanidze, N. V. Efimova, Y. Hanabata, Arkady A. Arkharov, Anne Lähteenmäki, Abelardo Moralejo, G. Maneva, Masahiro Teshima, A. C. Zook, Dario Hrupec, P. Antoranz, B. Zitzer, Hugh Dickinson, R. A. Chigladze, M. Peresano, Ekaterina Koptelova, S. Archambault, M. A. Lopez, T. Steinbring, P. Temnikov, P. Leto, Massimo Persic, J. M. Paredes, Hugh D. Aller, F. Borracci, S. O'Brien, T. Surić, I. Telezhinsky, I. Reichardt, Jamie Holder, G. Vanzo, R. Pearson, Julia Thaele, G. Bonnoli, Mark Gurwell, Eduardo Ros, Andrea Orlati, S. Griffin, L. A. Sigua, Diego F. Torres, Alessandro Carosi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Maria Krause, Y. Yatsu, A. Wilhelm, Jose Miguel Miranda, Anushka Udara Abeysekara, T. Schweizer, P. Cassaro, Razmik Mirzoyan, E. Moretti, Damir Lelas, Francesco Longo, V. Fallah Ramazani, P. Kaaret, Dorota Sobczyńska, L. Maraschi, Kirill Sokolovsky, Tomislav Terzić, Lucy Fortson, E. de Ona Wilhelmi, Julian Sitarek, C. Fruck, T. Toyama, Ivica Puljak, Max Ludwig Ahnen, David Kieda, F. Di Pierro, Pierre Colin, M. Buchovecky, Oscar Blanch, P. Da Vela, A. Niedzwiecki, Emmanouil Angelakis, M. Doert, M. H. Wu, Ivan S. Troitsky, C. Pagani, David Paneque, Q. Feng, Vladimir A. Hagen-Thorn, E. De la Fuente, E. Prandini, C. M. Raiteri, L. Carrasco, D. Guberman, Jeremy S. Perkins, Martin Pohl, Marina Manganaro, H. A. Krimm, Merja Tornikoski, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Dmitry A. Blinov, M. Perri, J. Hose, D. Elsaesser, Daria A. Morozova, P. T. Reynolds, M. Hayashida, Marc Ribó, Hidetoshi Kubo, M. Makariev, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, University of Udine, INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, University of Siena, University of Rijeka, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Institute for Physics, Complutense University, University of La Laguna, University of Łódź, German Electron Synchrotron, Autonomous University of Barcelona, University of Würzburg, University of Padova, Institute of Space Studies of Catalonia, Dortmund University, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, University of Barcelona, The University of Tokyo, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Osservatorio Astronomicodi Roma, University of Pisa, ICREA, University of Maryland, College Park, McGill University, Washington University St. Louis, Harvard University, University College Dublin, University of California Los Angeles, National University of Ireland, Galway, Purdue University, Iowa State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Utah, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, University of Delaware, Columbia University, University of Iowa, DePauw University, Georgia Institute of Technology, University of Chicago, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cork Institute of Technology, University of California Santa Cruz, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Johannesburg, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, St. Petersburg State University, RAS - Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory, Circolo Astrofili Talmassons, Osservatorio Astrofisico della Regione Autonoma Valle d'Aosta, Georgian National Academy of Sciences, National Central University, Aoyama Gakuin University, University of Colorado Denver, Brigham Young University, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica Optica y Electronica, Universidad de Guadalajara, University of Denver, University of Arizona, Space Science Institute, Pomona College, University of Leicester, ASI Science Data Center, University of Trento, RAS - P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Whittier College, Metsähovi Radio Observatory, INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, California Institute of Technology, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra GonzÃ¡lez, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Berti, Alessio, Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Buson, S., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., De OÃ±a Wilhelmi, E., Di Pierro, F., Doert, M., Domãnguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher Glawion, D., Elsaesser, D., Engelkemeier, M., Fallah Ramazani, V., FernÃ¡ndez Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., GarcÃa LÃ³pez, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinoviä , N., GonzÃ¡lez MuÃ±oz, A., Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, Lã³pez, M., LÃ³pez Coto, R., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martãnez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Noguã©s, L., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, Michele, Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Pedaletti, G., Peresano, M., Perri, L., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Reichardt, I., Rhode, W., Ribã³, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schrã¶der, S., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpã¤ã¤, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Suriä , T., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terziä , T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Vanzo, G., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Abeysekara, A. U., Archambault, S., Archer, A., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Buchovecky, M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickinson, H. J., Falcone, A., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fleischhack, H., Flinders, A., Fortson, L., Gillanders, G. H., Griffin, S., Grube, J., Hã¼tten, M., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Humensky, T. B., Kaaret, P., Kar, P., Kelley Hoskins, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Krause, M., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mccann, A., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Nieto, D., O'Brien, S., Ong, R. A., Otte, N., Park, N., Perkins, J., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Popkow, A., Pueschel, E., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Rovero, A. C., Rulten, C., Sadeh, I., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Telezhinsky, I., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Wakely, S. P., Weinstein, A., Wilcox, P., Wilhelm, A., Williams, D. A., Zitzer, B., Razzaque, S., Villata, M., Raiteri, C. M., Aller, H. D., Aller, M. F., Larionov, V. M., Arkharov, A. A., Blinov, D. A., Efimova, N. V., Grishina, T. S., Hagen Thorn, V. A., Kopatskaya, E. N., Larionova, L. V., Larionova, E. G., Morozova, D. A., Troitsky, I. S., Ligustri, R., Calcidese, P., Berdyugin, A., Kurtanidze, O. M., Nikolashvili, M. G., Kimeridze, G. N., Sigua, L. A., Kurtanidze, S. O., Chigladze, R. A., Chen, W. P., Koptelova, E., Sakamoto, T., Sadun, A. C., Moody, J. W., Pace, C., Pearson, R., Yatsu, Y., Mori, Y., Carraminyana, A., Carrasco, L., De La Fuente, E., Norris, J. P., Smith, P. S., Wehrle, A., Gurwell, M. A., Zook, A., Pagani, C., Perri, M., Capalbi, M., Cesarini, A., Krimm, H. A., Kovalev, Y. Y., Kovalev, Y. u. A., Ros, E., Pushkarev, A. B., Lister, M. L., Sokolovsky, K. V., Kadler, M., Piner, G., Lã¤hteenmã¤ki, A., Tornikoski, M., Angelakis, E., Krichbaum, T. P., Nestoras, I., Fuhrmann, L., Zensus, J. A., Cassaro, P., Orlati, A., Maccaferri, G., Leto, P., Giroletti, M., Richards, J. L., Max Moerbeck, W., and Readhead, A. C. S.
Subjects: extragalactic background light, multiwavelength observations, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, bl-lacertae objects, Galaxies: BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 501, Methods: data analysis, observational, Polarization, spectral energy-distribution, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, individual: Markarian 501 [BL Lacertae objects], law, Coincident, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, MAGIC (telescope), crab-nebula, Blazar, data analysis [Methods], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), tev blazars, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, stochastic acceleration, telescope observations, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, gamma-ray emission, methods: data analysis, BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 501, Synchrotron, data analysi [Methods], Space and Planetary Science, x-ray, ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Degeneracy (mathematics), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare, BL Lac object
Abstract: Astronomy and astrophysics 603, A31 (2017). doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629540, We present an extensive study of the BL Lac object Mrk 501 based on a data set collected during the multi-instrument campaign spanning from 2009 March 15 to 2009 August 1, which includes, among other instruments, MAGIC, VERITAS, Whipple 10 m, and Fermi-LAT to cover the γ-ray range from 0.1 GeV to 20 TeV; RXTE and Swift to cover wavelengths from UV tohard X-rays; and GASP-WEBT, which provides coverage of radio and optical wavelengths. Optical polarization measurements were provided for a fraction of the campaign by the Steward and St. Petersburg observatories. We evaluate the variability of the source and interband correlations, the γ-ray flaring activity occurring in May 2009, and interpret the results within two synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) scenarios. Aims. The multiband variability observed during the full campaign is addressed in terms of the fractional variability, and the possible correlations are studied by calculating the discrete correlation function for each pair of energy bands where the significance was evaluated with dedicated Monte Carlo simulations. The space of SSC model parameters is probed following a dedicated grid-scan strategy, allowing for a wide range of models to be tested and offering a study of the degeneracy of model-to-data agreement in the individual model parameters, hence providing a less biased interpretation than the “single-curve SSC model adjustment” typically reported in the literature. Methods. We find an increase in the fractional variability with energy, while no significant interband correlations of flux changes are found on the basis of the acquired data set. The SSC model grid-scan shows that the flaring activity around May 22 cannot be modeled adequately with a one-zone SSC scenario (using an electron energy distribution with two breaks), while it can be suitably described within a two (independent) zone SSC scenario. Here, one zone is responsible for the quiescent emission from the averaged 4.5-month observing period, while the other one, which is spatially separated from the first, dominates the flaring emission occurring at X-rays and very-high-energy (>100 GeV, VHE) γ rays. The flaring activity from May 1, which coincides with a rotation of the electric vector polarization angle (EVPA), cannot be satisfactorily reproduced by either a one-zone or a two-independent-zone SSC model, yet this is partially affected by the lack of strictly simultaneous observations and the presence of large flux changes on sub-hour timescales (detected at VHE γ rays). Results. The higher variability in the VHE emission and lack of correlation with the X-ray emission indicate that, at least during the 4.5-month observing campaign in 2009, the highest energy (and most variable) electrons that are responsible for the VHE γ rays do not make a dominant contribution to the ~1 keV emission. Alternatively, there could be a very variable component contributing to the VHE γ-ray emission in addition to that coming from the SSC scenario. The studies with our dedicated SSC grid-scan show that there is some degeneracy in both the one-zone and the two-zone SSC scenarios probed, with several combinations of model parameters yielding a similar model-to-data agreement, and some parameters better constrained than others. The observed γ-ray flaring activity, with the EVPA rotation coincident with the first γ-ray flare, resembles those reported previously for low frequency peaked blazars, hence suggesting that there are many similarities in the flaring mechanisms of blazars with different jet properties., Published by EDP Sciences, Les Ulis
Published: 2016
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26. MAGIC observations of the February 2014 flare of 1ES 1011+496 and ensuing constraint of the EBL density

Author: Dominik Elsaesser, U. Barres de Almeida, Damir Lelas, A. Stamerra, L. A. Antonelli, Dorota Sobczyńska, Max Ludwig Ahnen, E. Moretti, B. Biasuzzi, Abelardo Moralejo, Thomas Bretz, R. Paoletti, J. M. Mira, T. Steinbring, J. Becerra González, Marcel Strzys, Julian Sitarek, J. Hose, K. Nishijima, T. Toyama, J. Rico, Wolfgang Rhode, Martin Makariev, P. Giammaria, Aldo Treves, Oscar Blanch, A. Carosi, Christian Fruck, S. Bonnefoy, D. Garrido Terrats, Eckart Lorenz, A. La Barbera, M. H. Wu, Nikola Godinovic, Marina Manganaro, Ivica Puljak, Benito Marcote, A. Bil, B. De Lotto, D. Nakajima, Pratik Majumdar, X. Paredes-Fortuny, A. De Angelis, M. V. Fonseca, M. Nievas Rosillo, B. Banerjee, R. Mirzoyan, Miriam Lucio Martinez, Vitaly Neustroev, S. N. Shore, D. Galindo, K. Frantzen, Martin Will, Arka Chatterjee, E. Lindfors, A. Sillanpää, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, K. Nilsson, D. Eisenacher Glawion, Fabrizio Tavecchio, D. Fidalgo, Roberta Zanin, U. Menzel, G. Maneva, Stefano Ansoldi, Ll. Font, S. Paiano, M. Lopez, E. Carmona, Karl Mannheim, K. Kodani, F. Borracci, I. Snidaric, Alicia López-Oramas, Juan Abel Barrio, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, Diego F. Torres, Reiko Orito, J. M. Paredes, M. Garczarczyk, H. Takami, Yusuke Konno, J. Palacio, Vassil Verguilov, Massimo Persic, Konstancja Satalecka, Dario Hrupec, J. E. Ward, Julia Thaele, L. Maraschi, Michele Doro, Giacomo Bonnoli, M. Hayashida, Ana Babić, P. G. Prada Moroni, P. Temnikov, Daniel Mazin, F. Longo, Sabrina Einecke, J. Rodriguez Garcia, Marc Ribó, Wlodek Bednarek, Tomislav Terzić, P. Bangale, R. López-Coto, A. Niedzwiecki, Hidetoshi Kubo, Francesco Dazzi, Ievgen Vovk, C. Delgado Mendez, T. Schweizer, David Paneque, Stefano Covino, Juri Poutanen, Y. Hanabata, D. Guberman, P. Antoranz, Masahiro Teshima, Michele Palatiello, Jose Luis Contreras, Tomoki Saito, D. Tescaro, Juan Cortina, G. Hughes, Daniela Dorner, Alexander Hahn, M. Gaug, D. Dominis Prester, R. Clavero, E. Prini, J. Herrera, Koji Noda, Elisa Bernardini, E. Colombo, P. Colin, A. González Muñoz, L. O. Takalo, C. Schultz, F. Di Pierro, Junko Kushida, P. Da Vela, Alba Fernández-Barral, W. Idec, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, Saverio Lombardi, Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P, Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra Gonzalez, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., De Ona Wilhelmi, E., Delgado Mendez, C., Di Pierro, F., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher Glawion, D., Elsaesser, D., Fernandez Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., Garcia Lopez, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinovic, N., Gonzalez Munoz, A., Guberman, D., Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, Lopez, M., Lopez Coto, R., Lopez Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martinez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, Michele, Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribo, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpaa, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzic, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: Flux, DIRBE, Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, Cosmic background radiation, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, law.invention, 3.5 MU-M, law, Optical depth (astrophysics), NUMBER COUNTS, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, MINUS 2MASS, SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), TEV BLAZARS, Cosmology, Extragalactic background light, ENERGY GAMMA-RAYS, Electrónica, Física nuclear, intergalactic medium, cosmic background, MICRON SOURCE COUNTS, Electricidad, BL Lacertae objects, general, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, BL Lacertae objects: general, Intergalactic medium, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Opacity, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, GALAXY COUNTS, 0103 physical sciences, TELESCOPE IMAGING SPECTROGRAPH, Cosmologia, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, general [BL Lacertae objects], Astronomy and Astrophysic, Light curve, radiation, EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT, Likelihood-ratio test, ddc:520
Abstract: Astronomy and astrophysics 590, A24(2016). doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527256, During February–March 2014, the MAGIC telescopes observed the high-frequency peaked BL Lac 1ES 1011+496 (z = 0.212) in flaring state at very-high energy (VHE, E> 100 GeV). The flux reached a level of more than ten times higher than any previously recorded flaring state of the source.Aims. To describe the characteristics of the flare presenting the light curve and the spectral parameters of the night-wise spectra and the average spectrum of the whole period. From these data we aim to detect the imprint of the extragalactic background light (EBL) in the VHE spectrum of the source, to constrain its intensity in the optical band.Methods. We analyzed the gamma-ray data from the MAGIC telescopes using the standard MAGIC software for the production of the light curve and the spectra. To constrain the EBL, we implement the method developed by the H.E.S.S. collaboration, in which the intrinsic energy spectrum of the source is modeled with a simple function (≤4 parameters), and the EBL-induced optical depth is calculated using a template EBL model. The likelihood of the observed spectrum is then maximized, including a normalization factor for the EBL opacity among the free parameters.Results. The collected data allowed us to describe the night-wise flux changes and also to produce differential energy spectra for all nights in the observed period. The estimated intrinsic spectra of all the nights could be fitted by power-law functions. Evaluating the changes in the fit parameters, we conclude that the spectral shape for most of the nights were compatible, regardless of the flux level, which enabled us to produce an average spectrum from which the EBL imprint could be constrained. The likelihood ratio test shows that the model with an EBL density 1.07 (–0.20, +0.24)$_{stat+sys}$, relative to the one in the tested EBL template, is preferred at the 4.6σ level to the no-EBL hypothesis, with the assumption that the intrinsic source spectrum can be modeled as a log-parabola. This would translate into a constraint of the EBL density in the wavelength range [0.24 μm, 4.25 μm], with a peak value at 1.4 μm of λF$_λ$ = 12.27$_{-2.29}^{+2.75}$ nW m$^{-2}$ sr$^{-1}$, including systematics., Published by EDP Sciences, Les Ulis
Published: 2016
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27. Super-orbital variability of LS I +61 ° 303 at TeV energies

Author: E. Colombo, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, M. H. Wu, D. Nakajima, L. O. Takalo, H. Takami, Arka Chatterjee, Christian Fruck, Sabrina Einecke, Vassil Verguilov, D. Fidalgo, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, J. Rodriguez Garcia, Daniela Dorner, Dariusz Gora, Massimo Persic, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Masahiro Teshima, Alexander Hahn, J. Palacio, M. Palatiello, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, Francesco Longo, Gareth Hughes, M. Gaug, I. Snidaric, Yusuke Konno, J. Herrera, Stefano Ansoldi, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, A. La Barbera, Lluis Font, Riccardo Paoletti, Julian Sitarek, K. Kodani, Koji Noda, J. Hose, Elisa Bernardini, Francesco Dazzi, Marcel Strzys, D. Dominis Prester, D. Eisenacher Glawion, X. Paredes-Fortuny, M. Nievas Rosillo, A. Herrero, E. Moretti, Nikola Godinovic, Stefano Covino, P. Temnikov, Martin Makariev, Benito Marcote, Oscar Blanch, T. Toyama, G. Pedaletti, Dominik Elsaesser, S. Bonnefoy, Jose Luis Contreras, U. Barres de Almeida, Damir Lelas, Juan Cortina, D. Garrido Terrats, U. Menzel, Diego F. Torres, M. Garczarczyk, F. Di Pierro, Juan Abel Barrio, J. E. Ward, Giacomo Bonnoli, P. G. Prada Moroni, K. Frantzen, S. Paiano, R. López-Coto, A. Niedzwiecki, David Paneque, D. Guberman, Marina Manganaro, M. Hayashida, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, R. Mirzoyan, Tomoki Saito, D. Tescaro, Jorge Casares, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, A. González Muñoz, Kyoshi Nishijima, Dorota Sobczyńska, E. Prandini, Tomislav Terzić, Marc Ribó, B. De Lotto, C. Schultz, Aaron Dominguez, Karl Mannheim, Alicia López-Oramas, D. Galindo, Saverio Lombardi, P. Bangale, Hidetoshi Kubo, S. Buson, Junko Kushida, P. Da Vela, J. Becerra González, Wolfgang Rhode, D. Hadasch, Max Ludwig Ahnen, C. Delgado Mendez, Reiko Orito, Ana Babić, Konstancja Satalecka, Alba Fernández-Barral, F. Borracci, L. Maraschi, Michele Doro, Elina Lindfors, Dario Hrupec, B. Biasuzzi, Daniel Mazin, M. A. Lopez, Kari Nilsson, A. Sillanpää, M. Will, W. Idec, Abelardo Moralejo, P. Giammaria, T. Steinbring, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, L. A. Antonelli, B. Banerjee, R. Clavero, Miriam Lucio Martinez, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Jose Miguel Miranda, A. De Angelis, A. Treves, Vitaly Neustroev, Ievgen Vovk, G. Maneva, R. Zanin, Adrian Biland, T. Schweizer, J. Rico, Julia Thaele, Juri Poutanen, Y. Hanabata, P. Antoranz, Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Buson, S., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., De Oña Wilhelmi, E., Delgado Mendez, C., Di Pierro, F., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher Glawion, D., Elsaesser, D., Fernández Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D, Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., López Coto, R., López Oramas, A., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, Michele, Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Pedaletti, G., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Casares, J., Herrero, A., and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: Astrofísica, astroparticle physics, binaries: general, gamma rays: general, stars: individual: LS I +61°303, X-rays: binaries, X-rays: individuals: LS I +61°303, Be star, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma rays: general, general [Gamma rays], Binary number, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astroparticle physic, Radio spectrum, law.invention, individual: LS I +61°303 [Stars], Telescope, Raigs gamma, law, 0103 physical sciences, Modulation (music), individuals: LS I +61°303 [X-rays], Astroparticle physics, Binaries: general, Stars: individual: LS I +61°303, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, MAGIC (telescope), Spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), general [Binaries], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, binarie [X-rays], Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Orbital period, ddc:520, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Astronomy and astrophysics 591, A76(2016). doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527964, The gamma-ray binary LS I +61°303 is a well-established source from centimeter radio up to very high energy (VHE;E > 100 GeV).The broadband emission shows a periodicity of $\sim$ 26.5 days, coincident with the orbital period. A longer (super-orbital) period of 1667 $\pm$ 8 dayswas proposed from radio variability and confirmed using optical and high-energy (HE; E > 100 MeV) gamma-ray observations. In this paper, wereport on a four-year campaign performed by MAGIC together with archival data concentrating on a search for a long-timescale signature in the VHE emission from LS I +61°303 Aims.We focus on the search for super-orbital modulation of the VHE emission, similar to that observed at other energies, and on the search forcorrelations between TeV emission and an optical determination of the extension of the circumstellar disk.Methods. A four-year campaign has been carried out using the MAGIC telescopes. The source was observed during the orbital phases when theperiodic VHE outbursts have occurred ($\phi$ = 0:55–0.75, one orbit=26.496 days). Additionally, we included archival MAGIC observations anddata published by the VERITAS collaboration in these studies. For the correlation studies, LS I +61°303 has also been observed during the orbitalphases where sporadic VHE emission had been detected in the past ($\phi$ = 0:75–1.0). These MAGIC observations were simultaneous with opticalspectroscopy from the LIVERPOOL telescope.Results.The TeV flux of the periodical outburst in orbital phases $\phi$ = 0:5–0.75 was found to show yearly variability consistent with the long-term modulation of$\sim$ 4.5 years found in the radio band. This modulation of the TeV flux can be well described by a sine function with a best-fit period of 1610 $\pm$ 58 days. The complete data, including archival observations, span two super-orbital periods. There is no evidence for a correlation betweenthe TeV emission and the mass-loss rate of the Be star, but this may be a ected by the strong, short-timescale (as short as intra-day) variation displayed by the Hfluxes., Published by EDP Sciences, Les Ulis
Published: 2016
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28. The major upgrade of the MAGIC telescopes, Part I: The hardware improvements and the commissioning of the system

Author: R. Zanin, Adrian Biland, I. Lozano, J. Rico, Masahiro Teshima, W. Idec, Takashi Saito, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, Stefano Ansoldi, I. Snidaric, David Fink, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, D. Corti, Alessandro Carosi, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, J. M. Illa, Riccardo Paoletti, Massimo Persic, Gianluca Giavitto, A. González Muñoz, Reiko Orito, P. Temnikov, M. Palatiello, J. Becerra González, Marcel Strzys, Dario Hrupec, M. Bitossi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Jose Luis Lemus, D. Nakajima, Elina Lindfors, E. Lorenz, Abelardo Moralejo, Saverio Lombardi, A. Treves, Vitaly Neustroev, M. Makariev, Thomas Bretz, Daniel Mazin, Jose Miguel Miranda, M. A. Lopez, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, S. Schmidl, T. Steinbring, Francesco Dazzi, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, C. Delgado Mendez, G. Maneva, Stefano Covino, B. Biasuzzi, A. Dettlaff, M. Hayashida, D. Hildebrand, Francesco Longo, G. De Caneva, D. Fidalgo, Daniela Dorner, Jose Luis Contreras, Wolfgang Rhode, M. I. Martínez, Marc Ribó, S. Bonnefoy, K. Saito, Natalia Lewandowska, Patrick Vogler, E. Colombo, M. Gaug, Juan Cortina, D. Tescaro, Roberto Cecchi, P. Bangale, H. Wetteskind, A. La Barbera, A. Deangelis, J. Herrera, Hidetoshi Kubo, Sabrina Einecke, S. R. Gozzini, Luis Ángel Tejedor, M. V. Fonseca, Hanna Kellermann, Koji Noda, Louis Antonelli, G. Bonnoli, J. Rodriguez Garcia, Elisa Bernardini, X. Paredes-Fortuny, J. Hose, U. Menzel, K. Kodani, J. Storz, Yusuke Konno, Christian Fruck, A. Sillanpää, D. Elsaesser, L. O. Takalo, F. Borracci, W. Haberer, H. Takami, Oscar Blanch, K. Frantzen, P. G. Prada Moroni, Diego F. Torres, W. Bednarek, Fabrizio Tavecchio, V. Kadenius, S. Paiano, Ll. Font, D. Garrido Terrats, A. Lorca, Karl Mannheim, O. Tibolla, Alicia López-Oramas, T. Schweizer, Felix Spanier, R. Mirzoyan, P. Munar-Adrover, D. Eisenacher, V. Scalzotto, Markus Garczarczyk, N. Mankuzhiyil, Juri Poutanen, Kyoshi Nishijima, D. Dominis Prester, Y. Hanabata, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, P. Antoranz, M. L. Knoetig, Ana Babić, Julia Thaele, E. Carmona, Kari Nilsson, M. Will, L. Maraschi, E. Prandini, Tomislav Terzić, R. Reinthal, M. Negrello, Damir Lelas, Dorota Sobczyńska, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Jelena Aleksić, A. Niedzwiecki, David Paneque, M. Barcelo, D. Galindo, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Julian Sitarek, Daniela Hadasch, T. Toyama, Junko Kushida, P. Da Vela, J. Schlammer, Universitat de Barcelona, Aleksić, J, Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Bangale, P., Barceló, M., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Bitossi, M., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Cecchi, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Corti, D., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., Deangelis, A., De Caneva, G., De Lotto, B., De Oña Wilhelmi, E., Delgado Mendez, C., Dettlaff, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, D., Fidalgo, D., Fink, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giavitto, G., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Gozzini, S. R., Haberer, W., Hadasch, D., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hildebrand, D., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Idec, W., Illa, J. M., Kadenius, V., Kellermann, H., Knoetig, M. L., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Krause, J., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lemus, J. L., Lewandowska, N., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., López Coto, R., López Oramas, A., Lorca, A., Lorenz, E., Lozano, I., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Munar Adrover, P., Nakajima, D., Negrello, M., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palatiello, Michele, Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Rügamer, S., Saito, T., Saito, K., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schlammer, J., Schmidl, S., Schweizer, T., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Spanier, F., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Storz, J., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Tejedor, L. A., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Vogler, P., Wetteskind, H., Will, M., and Zanin, R.
Subjects: Astrofísica, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, MAGIC, Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes, Instruments, TeV astrophysics, Very High Energy Gamma Rays, Stereoscopy, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Raigs gamma, law, Overall performance, MAGIC (telescope), TeV, astrophysics, CRAB-NEBULA, PERFORMANCE, STEREO, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrument, Upgrade, ddc:540, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Electricidad, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, TeV astrophysic, Noise (radio), Computer hardware, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Telescope, 0103 physical sciences, Very High Energy Gamma Ray, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cherenkov radiation, ta115, Telescopis, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Gamma rays, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope, business, astro-ph.IM, Telescopes
Abstract: The MAGIC telescopes are two Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) located on the Canary island of La Palma. The telescopes are designed to measure Cherenkov light from air showers initiated by gamma rays in the energy regime from around 50 GeV to more than 50 TeV. The two telescopes were built in 2004 and 2009, respectively, with different cameras, triggers and readout systems. In the years 2011-2012 the MAGIC collaboration undertook a major upgrade to make the stereoscopic system uniform, improving its overall performance and easing its maintenance. In particular, the camera, the receivers and the trigger of the first telescope were replaced and the readout of the two telescopes was upgraded. This paper (Part I) describes the details of the upgrade as well as the basic performance parameters of MAGIC such as raw data treatment, dead time of the system, linearity in the electronic chain and sources of noise. In Part II, we describe the physics performance of the upgraded system., 19 pages, 18 figures, accepted by Astroparticle Physics
Published: 2016
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29. Long-term multi-wavelength variability and correlation study of Markarian 421 from 2007 to 2009

Author: E. Moretti, Alessandro Carosi, D. Nakajima, Kyoshi Nishijima, Arka Chatterjee, C. M. Raiteri, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, D. Fidalgo, Jose Miguel Miranda, D. Dominis Prester, Yusuke Konno, B. Jordan, Aaron Dominguez, L. Perri, Elena G. Larionova, Marina Manganaro, Kari Nilsson, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, Wen Ping Chen, M. Will, A. La Barbera, D. Galindo, R. Zanin, Merja Tornikoski, Mosè Mariotti, Dario Hrupec, K. Kodani, S. N. Shore, Louis Antonelli, D. Eisenacher Glawion, Max Ludwig Ahnen, X. Paredes-Fortuny, M. Nievas Rosillo, J. E. Ward, A. González Muñoz, Adrian Biland, A.-K. Overkemping, Razmik Mirzoyan, U. Barres de Almeida, J. Palacio, Dmitry A. Blinov, G. Pedaletti, M. A. Lopez, Juri Poutanen, Konstancja Satalecka, Sofia O. Kurtanidze, Michele Doro, U. Menzel, J. M. Paredes, S. Bonnefoy, Givi N. Kimeridze, Thomas Bretz, E. N. Kopatskaya, M. H. Wu, Antonio Stamerra, K. Frantzen, J. Rico, M. Villata, P. Giammaria, Damir Lelas, Alexander Hahn, Y. Hanabata, E. Forné, F. Di Pierro, Jose Luis Contreras, H. C. Lin, R. López-Coto, I. Snidaric, Daniela Dorner, Dariusz Gora, A. Niedzwiecki, F. Borracci, Gareth Hughes, P. Antoranz, Juan Abel Barrio, Juan Cortina, Saverio Lombardi, L. V. Larionova, Ivan S. Troitsky, David Paneque, Dorota Sobczyńska, P. Temnikov, S. Paiano, Karl Mannheim, B. Biasuzzi, M. Gaug, J. Herrera, Talvikki Hovatta, Junko Kushida, Diego F. Torres, Wolfgang Rhode, D. Guberman, Koji Noda, Elisa Bernardini, M. G. Nikolashvili, P. Da Vela, Francesco Longo, J. Hose, D. Garrido Terrats, J. Becerra González, E. Prandini, A. De Angelis, A. Treves, D. Elsaesser, Vitaly Neustroev, D. Hadasch, Julia Thaele, P. G. Prada Moroni, R. Clavero, Markus Garczarczyk, Valeri M. Larionov, R. Ligustri, H. Takami, W. Bednarek, Julian Sitarek, Fabrizio Tavecchio, J. A. Ros, Abelardo Moralejo, M. Palatiello, Stefano Ansoldi, A. C. Sadun, C. Schultz, Vassil Verguilov, G. Maneva, B. Banerjee, S. Buson, Riccardo Paoletti, T. Steinbring, C. Fruck, Lorand A. Sigua, W. Idec, Ivica Puljak, Francesco Dazzi, A. Fernández-Barral, Pierre Colin, Oscar Blanch, T. S. Grishina, Ana Babić, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, E. Colombo, T. Toyama, O. M. Kurtanidze, G. Bonnoli, Elina Lindfors, Anne Lähteenmäki, M. Hayashida, D. A. Morozova, L. O. Takalo, Masahiro Teshima, Ekaterina Koptelova, A. Sillanpää, B. De Lotto, Ievgen Vovk, L. Maraschi, Tomislav Terzić, T. Schweizer, Reiko Orito, Daniel Mazin, Marc Ribó, P. Bangale, Hidetoshi Kubo, Stefano Covino, Tomoki Saito, D. Tescaro, M. Makariev, B. McBreen, M. I. Martínez, Sabrina Einecke, J. Rodriguez Garcia, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, Massimo Persic, Lluis Font, Marcel Strzys, N. V. Efimova, L. Nogués, Universitat de Barcelona, Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Buson, S., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., De Oña Wilhelmi, E., Di Pierro, F., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher Glawion, D., Elsaesser, D., Fernández Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., López Coto, R., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogués, L., Orito, R., Overkemping, A, Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, Michele, Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Pedaletti, G., Perri, L., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Blinov, D. A., Chen, W. P., Efimova, N. V., Forné, E., Grishina, T. S., Hovatta, T., Jordan, B., Kimeridze, G. N., Kopatskaya, E. N., Koptelova, E., Kurtanidze, O. M., Kurtanidze, S. O., Lähteenmäki, A., Larionov, V. M., Larionova, E. G., Larionova, L. V., Ligustri, R., Lin, H. C., Mcbreen, B., Morozova, D. A., Nikolashvili, M. G., Raiteri, C. M., Ros, J. A., Sadun, A. C., Sigua, L. A., Tornikoski, M., Troitsky, I. S., Villata, M., Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: Astrofísica, Astroparticle physics, BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 421, Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, Astroparticle physic, individual: Markarian 421 [BL Lacertae objects], 01 natural sciences, Radiació, law.invention, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, MAGIC (telescope), Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, non-thermal [Radiation mechanisms], Radiation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Compton scattering, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Light curve, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, astroparticle physics / BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 421 / radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We study the multi-band variability and correlations of the TeV blazar Mrk 421 on year time scales, which can bring additional insight on the processes responsible for its broadband emission. We observed Mrk 421 in the very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray range with the Cherenkov telescope MAGIC-I from March 2007 to June 2009 for a total of 96 hours of effective time after quality cuts. The VHE flux variability is quantified with several methods, including the Bayesian Block algorithm, which is applied to data from Cherenkov telescopes for the first time. The 2.3 year long MAGIC light curve is complemented with data from the Swift/BAT and RXTE/ASM satellites and the KVA, GASP-WEBT, OVRO, and Mets\"ahovi telescopes from February 2007 to July 2009, allowing for an excellent characterisation of the multi-band variability and correlations over year time scales. Mrk 421 was found in different gamma-ray emission states during the 2.3 year long observation period. Flares and different levels of variability in the gamma-ray light curve could be identified with the Bayesian Block algorithm. The same behaviour of a quiet and active emission was found in the X-ray light curves measured by Swift/BAT and the RXTE/ASM, with a direct correlation in time. The behaviour of the optical light curve of GASP-WEBT and the radio light curves by OVRO and Mets\"ahovi are different as they show no coincident features with the higher energetic light curves and a less variable emission. The fractional variability is overall increasing with energy. The comparable variability in the X-ray and VHE bands and their direct correlation during both high- and low-activity periods spanning many months show that the electron populations radiating the X-ray and gamma-ray photons are either the same, as expected in the Synchrotron-Self-Compton mechanism, or at least strongly correlated, as expected in electromagnetic cascades., Comment: Corresponding authors: Ann-Kristin Overkemping (ann-kristin.overkemping@tu-dortmund.de), Marina Manganaro (manganaro@iac.es), Diego Tescaro (diego.tescaro@gmail.com), To be published in Astronomy&Astrophysics (A&A), 12 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2016
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30. Multiwavelength observations of the blazar 1ES 1011+496 in Spring 2008

Author: Pierre Colin, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Kari Nilsson, L. Maraschi, M. Will, Francesco Longo, Tomislav Terzić, Daniela Dorner, C. Pittori, Michael T. Carini, R. Clavero, Louis Antonelli, E. Prandini, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, Mosè Mariotti, K. Kodani, J. Becerra González, W. Bednarek, M. Makariev, M. Palatiello, Ievgen Vovk, Fabrizio Tavecchio, S. N. Shore, M. Gaug, J. Herrera, J. Palacio, J. M. Paredes, Koji Noda, F. Di Pierro, Antonio Stamerra, Thomas Bretz, Elisa Bernardini, Stefano Covino, T. Schweizer, R. Zanin, D. Dominis Prester, A.-K. Overkemping, Adrian Biland, B. Biasuzzi, R. López-Coto, Juri Poutanen, Nikola Godinovic, R. Reinthal, Benito Marcote, Jose Luis Contreras, Saverio Lombardi, S. Rügamer, Marcel Strzys, R. Walters, Junko Kushida, D. Nakajima, Francesco Dazzi, Juan Abel Barrio, A. Niedzwiecki, P. Da Vela, Juan Cortina, Y. Hanabata, S. Bonnefoy, J. Rico, A. González Muñoz, Razmik Mirzoyan, Oscar Blanch, U. Barres de Almeida, P. Antoranz, Tomoki Saito, D. Tescaro, K. Frantzen, P. Temnikov, E. Colombo, Damir Lelas, K. Mallot, David Paneque, J. Sainio, Arka Chatterjee, M. Hayashida, R. J. García López, L. O. Takalo, Kyoshi Nishijima, Wolfgang Rhode, M. H. Wu, D. Guberman, Dorota Sobczyńska, D. Fidalgo, Gareth Hughes, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, P. G. Prada Moroni, Anne Lähteenmäki, A. De Angelis, Andrei Berdyugin, A. Pease, S. Paiano, Masahiro Teshima, A. Treves, Vitaly Neustroev, D. Garrido Terrats, G. De Caneva, Alba Fernández-Barral, Stefano Ansoldi, Karl Mannheim, Elina Lindfors, M. I. Martínez, Julian Sitarek, Julia Thaele, Riccardo Paoletti, W. Idec, Massimo Persic, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Yusuke Konno, F. Lucarelli, Daniel Mazin, Marina Manganaro, Marc Ribó, G. Maneva, T. Toyama, S. Vercellone, D. Galindo, Merja Tornikoski, J. E. Ward, Alicia López-Oramas, Ana Babić, Sabrina Einecke, P. Bangale, Reiko Orito, J. Rodriguez Garcia, Christian Fruck, Hidetoshi Kubo, B. De Lotto, A. La Barbera, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, X. Paredes-Fortuny, J. Hose, D. Elsaesser, M. Nievas Rosillo, H. Takami, B. Banerjee, D. Glawion, Vassil Verguilov, U. Menzel, Diego F. Torres, M. Pasanen, Abelardo Moralejo, A. Sillanpää, T. Steinbring, Ll. Font, I. Snidaric, E. Lorenz, Max Ludwig Ahnen, P. Giammaria, G. Bonnoli, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, F. Borracci, C. Delgado Mendez, Alessandro Carosi, Jose Miguel Miranda, Ivica Puljak, Glawion, D., Universitat de Barcelona, Ahnen, M. L, Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Caneva, G., De Lotto, B., De Oña Wilhelmi, E., Delgado Mendez, C., Di Pierro, F., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Elsaesser, D., Fernández Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Guberman, D., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., López Coto, R., López Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, Michele, Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Rügamer, S., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Lucarelli, F., Pittori, C., Vercellone, S., Berdyugin, A., Carini, M. T., Lähteenmäki, A., Pasanen, M., Pease, A., Sainio, J., Tornikoski, M., Walters, R., Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: galaxie [X-rays], galaxie [Gamma-rays], Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, galaxies: active, gamma-rays, galaxies, X-rays: galaxies, BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS, ALL-SKY SURVEY, LAC, OBJECTS, X-RAY, MAGIC TELESCOPES, SOURCE CATALOG, Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Gamma-rays: galaxies, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 01 natural sciences, Radiació, law.invention, law, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Spectral index, Radiation, Gamma ray, galaxies [Gamma-rays], galaxies [X-rays], Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare, BL Lac object, Active galactic nucleus, radiation mechanisms, non-thermal galaxies, active gamma-rays, galaxies X-rays, active [Galaxies], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Blazar, ta115, non-thermal [Radiation mechanisms], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Light curve, Galàxies actives, Active galaxies, ddc:520
Abstract: The BL Lac object 1ES 1011+496 was discovered at Very High Energy gamma-rays by MAGIC in spring 2007. Before that the source was little studied in different wavelengths. Therefore a multi-wavelength (MWL) campaign was organized in spring 2008. Along MAGIC, the MWL campaign included the Metsahovi radio observatory, Bell and KVA optical telescopes and the Swift and AGILE satellites. MAGIC observations span from March to May, 2008 for a total of 27.9 hours, of which 19.4 hours remained after quality cuts. The light curve showed no significant variability. The differential VHE spectrum could be described with a power-law function. Both results were similar to those obtained during the discovery. Swift XRT observations revealed an X-ray flare, characterized by a harder when brighter trend, as is typical for high synchrotron peak BL Lac objects (HBL). Strong optical variability was found during the campaign, but no conclusion on the connection between the optical and VHE gamma-ray bands could be drawn. The contemporaneous SED shows a synchrotron dominated source, unlike concluded in previous work based on nonsimultaneous data, and is well described by a standard one zone synchrotron self Compton model. We also performed a study on the source classification. While the optical and X-ray data taken during our campaign show typical characteristics of an HBL, we suggest, based on archival data, that 1ES 1011+496 is actually a borderline case between intermediate and high synchrotron peak frequency BL Lac objects., 13 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2016
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31. Insights into the emission of the blazar 1ES 1011+496 through unprecedented broadband observations during 2011 and 2012

Author: Daniela Dorner, E. Prandini, Iain A. Steele, Francesco Dazzi, M. Gaug, J. Herrera, A. Fernández-Barral, M. V. Fonseca, Koji Noda, Elisa Bernardini, E. Colombo, F. Di Pierro, S. Bonnefoy, M. Makariev, Talvikki Hovatta, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, L. O. Takalo, D. Garrido Terrats, J. L. Richards, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Roberta Zanin, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, D. Eisenacher, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, Natalia Lewandowska, P. Da Vela, D. Nakajima, M. Hayashida, V. Scalzotto, U. Menzel, R. Reinthal, Juan Abel Barrio, Carole Mundell, Razmik Mirzoyan, U. Barres de Almeida, Abelardo Moralejo, Damir Lelas, K. Nishijima, Saverio Lombardi, P. G. Prada Moroni, Michele Palatiello, T. Schweizer, C. Delgado Mendez, T. Steinbring, P. Temnikov, D. Fidalgo, Anthony C. S. Readhead, Hanna Kellermann, M. I. Martínez, P. Bangale, Dorota Sobczyńska, A. De Angelis, A. Treves, Vitaly Neustroev, D. Dominis Prester, Francesco Longo, A. La Barbera, Juri Poutanen, Ana Babić, Stefano Ansoldi, Sabrina Einecke, S. R. Gozzini, Stefano Covino, Riccardo Paoletti, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, Elizaveta Rastorgueva-Foi, M. Strzys, Yusuke Konno, Y. Hanabata, Marc Ribó, J. Rodriguez Garcia, M. Nievas Rosillo, Jelena Aleksić, Kazuo Saito, J. Kushida, P. Antoranz, M. L. Knoetig, R. López-Coto, Diego F. Torres, G. Maneva, Antonio Stamerra, A. Niedzwiecki, Hidetoshi Kubo, S. N. Shore, X. Paredes-Fortuny, Jose Luis Contreras, Adrian Biland, Alessandro Carosi, W. Idec, David Sánchez, B. Biasuzzi, D. Tescaro, Tuomas Savolainen, David Paneque, P. Munar-Adrover, Julian Sitarek, K. Frantzen, J. Rico, I. Lozano, C. Fruck, T. Toyama, G. De Caneva, Juan Cortina, Anne Lähteenmäki, Oscar Blanch, K. Kodani, Masahiro Teshima, D. Hadasch, V. Kadenius, Elina Lindfors, Merja Tornikoski, Alexander B. Pushkarev, Daniel Mazin, Matthew L. Lister, Julia Thaele, Konstancja Satalecka, Louis Antonelli, Michele Doro, S. Paiano, Joni Tammi, F. D'Ammando, G. Bonnoli, K. Mallot, Karl Mannheim, Jose Miguel Miranda, R. J. García López, J. Hose, Massimo Persic, A. Sillanpää, D. Elsaesser, Takashi Saito, H. Takami, Eckart Lorenz, Alicia López-Oramas, V. Scapin, Reiko Orito, D. Galindo, J. Becerra González, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, F. Borracci, J. M. Paredes, A. González Mu. noz, Yuri Y. Kovalev, Kari Nilsson, S. Buson, M. Will, C. Arcaro, I. Snidaric, Thomas Bretz, L. Maraschi, Walter Max-Moerbeck, Tomislav Terzić, Wolfgang Rhode, Patrick Vogler, W. Bednarek, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Ll. Font, Aleksic J, Ansoldi S, Antonelli LA, Antoranz P, Arcaro C, Babic A, Bangale P, de Almeida UB, Barrio JA, Gonzalez JB, Bednarek W, Bernardini E, Biasuzzi B, Biland A, Blanch O, Bonnefoy S, Bonnoli G, Borracci F, Bretz T, Carmona E, Carosi A, Colin P, Colombo E, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Covino S, Da Vela P, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, De Caneva G, De Lotto B, Wilhelmi ED, Mendez CD, Di Pierro F, Prester DD, Dorner D, Doro M, Einecke S, Eisenacher D, Elsaesser D, Fernandez-Barral A, Fidalgo D, Fonseca MV, Font L, Frantzen K, Fruck C, Galindo D, Lopez RJG, Garczarczyk M, Terrats DG, Gaug M, Godinovic N, Munoz AG, Gozzini SR, Hadasch D, Hanabata Y, Hayashida M, Herrera J, Hose J, Hrupec D, Idec W, Kadenius V, Kellermann H, Knoetig ML, Kodani K, Konno Y, Krause J, Kubo H, Kushida J, La Barbera A, Lelas D, Lewandowska N, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Longo F, Lopez M, Lopez-Coto R, Lopez-Oramas A, Lorenz E, Lozano I, Makariev M, Mallot K, Maneva G, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Marcote B, Mariotti M, Martinez M, Mazin D, Menzel U, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Moralejo A, Munar-Adrover P, Nakajima D, Neustroev V, Niedzwiecki A, Rosillo MN, Nilsson K, Nishijima K, Noda K, Orito R, Overkemping A, Paiano S, Palatiello M, Paneque D, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Paredes-Fortuny X, Persic M, Poutanen J, Moroni PGP, Prandini E, Puljak I, Reinthal R, Rhode W, Ribo M, Rico J, Garcia JR, Saito T, Saito K, Satalecka K, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schweizer T, Shore SN, Sillanpaa A, Sitarek J, Snidaric I, Sobczynska D, Stamerra A, Steinbring T, Strzys M, Takalo L, Takami H, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Terzic T, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Thaele J, Torres DF, Toyama T, Treves A, Vogler P, Will M, Zanin R, Buson S, DAmmando F, Lateenmaki A, Hovatta T, Kovalev YY, Lister ML, Max-Moerbeck W, Mundell C, Pushkarev AB, Rastorgueva-Foi E, Readhead ACS, Richards JL, Tammi J, Sanchez DA, Tornikoski M, Savolainen T, Steele I, Autonomous University of Barcelona, University of Udine, INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, University of Siena, University of Padova, University of Rijeka, Max Planck Institute for Physics, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Complutense University, University of Maryland, College Park, University of Łódź, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, University of Würzburg, CIEMAT, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Institute of Space Studies of Catalonia, Technische Universität Dortmund, University of Barcelona, Kyoto University, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, University of Turku, University of Pisa, Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, ICREA, University of Insubria, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Bologna, Department of Radio Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Lebedev Physical Institute, Purdue University, National Radio Astronomy Observatory Socorro, University of Liverpool, Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Aleksić, J., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Arcaro, C, Babic, A., Bangale, P., Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Caneva, G., De Lotto, B., De Oña Wilhelmi, E., Delgado Mendez, C., Di Pierro, F., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, D., Fernández Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Gozzini, S. R., Hadasch, D., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Idec, W., Kadenius, V., Kellermann, H., Knoetig, M. L., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Krause, J., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lewandowska, N., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., López Coto, R., López Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Lozano, I., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Munar Adrover, P., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palatiello, Michele, Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Saito, T., Saito, K., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Vogler, P., Will, M., Zanin, R., Buson, S., D'Ammando, F., Lähteenmäki, A., Hovatta, T., Kovalev, Y. Y., Lister, M. L., Max Moerbeck, W., Mundell, C., Pushkarev, A. B., Rastorgueva Foi, E., Readhead, A. C. S., Richards, J. L., Tammi, J., Sanchez, D. A., Tornikoski, M., Savolainen, T., Steele, I., Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: Photon, jets [galaxies], Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, law.invention, law, BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 1011+496, galaxies: active, galaxies: jets, gamma rays: galaxies, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, individual: 1ES 1011+496 [BL Lacertae objects], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, QB, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Superluminal motion, TEV BLAZARS, Polarization (waves), non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], Cosmology, BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, X-RAY, LAC OBJECTS, MAGIC TELESCOPE, CRAB-NEBULA, ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION, active [galaxies], galaxies [gamma rays], Spectral energy distribution, Degree of polarization, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Telescope, 0103 physical sciences, galaxie [gamma rays], Blazar, Cosmologia, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Position angle, Galaxies, Galàxies, jet [galaxies], ddc:520, BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 1011+496 – galaxies: active – galaxies: jets – radiation mechanisms: non-thermal – gamma rays: galaxies
Abstract: 1ES 1011+496 $(z=0.212)$ was discovered in very high energy (VHE, E >100 GeV) $\gamma$-rays with MAGIC in 2007. The absence of simultaneous data at lower energies led to a rather incomplete characterization of the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED). We study the source properties and the emission mechanisms, probing whether a simple one-zone synchrotron-self-Compton (SSC) scenario is able to explain the observed broadband spectrum. We analyzed VHE to radio data from 2011 and 2012 collected by MAGIC, $Fermi$-LAT, $Swift$, KVA, OVRO, and Mets\"ahovi in addition to optical polarimetry data and radio maps from the Liverpool Telescope and MOJAVE. The VHE spectrum was fit with a simple power law with a photon index of $3.69\pm0.22$ and a flux above 150 GeV of $(1.46\pm0.16)\times10^{-11}$ ph cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. 1ES 1011+496 was found to be in a generally quiescent state at all observed wavelengths, showing only moderate variability from radio to X-rays. A low degree of polarization of less than 10% was measured in optical, while some bright features polarized up to 60% were observed in the radio jet. A similar trend in the rotation of the electric vector position angle was found in optical and radio. The radio maps indicated a superluminal motion of $1.8\pm0.4\,c$, which is the highest speed statistically significantly measured so far in a high-frequency-peaked BL Lac. For the first time, the high-energy bump in the broadband SED of 1ES 1011+496 could be fully characterized from 0.1 GeV to 1 TeV which permitted a more reliable interpretation within the one-zone SSC scenario. The polarimetry data suggest that at least part of the optical emission has its origin in some of the bright radio features, while the low polarization in optical might be due to the contribution of parts of the radio jet with different orientations of the magnetic field to the optical emission., Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2016
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32. Influence of high temperatures on optical fibers coated with multilayer protective coatings

Author: A. Kolakowska, J. Rodriguez Garcia, Tomasz Stańczyk, Tomasz Nasilowski, I. Canadas Martinez, Stanisław Lipiński, M. Kuklińska, T. Tenderenda, Karol Wysokiński, and J.D. Fidelus
Subjects: Materials science, Optical fiber, chemistry.chemical_element, engineering.material, Copper, law.invention, Optical coating, Coating, chemistry, law, Fiber optic sensor, engineering, Fiber, Composite material, Layer (electronics), Deposition (law)
Abstract: In this work we present an innovative method of enhancing optical fibers’ resistance to extremely high temperatures by deposition of a multilayer metal coating on the fibers’ surface. Such multilayer coating is necessary because of the silica degradation at elevated temperatures. Despite the fact that copper coated fibers work well at temperatures up to 400°C, at higher temperatures copper oxidizes and can no longer protect the fiber. To hold back the copper oxidation and silica degradation processes we developed a dedicated multilayer coating which allows fibers to operate at temperatures up to 700°C. The optimal protective layer has been chosen after numerous high-temperature tests, where copper plates coated with different kinds of coatings were evaluated. What is more, we present results of the high-temperature reliability tests of copper coated fibers protected with our multilayer coating. Performed tests proved that our solution significantly improved optical fibers’ reliability to both: elevated temperatures and rapid changes of temperature. Furthermore the developed metal coatings allow fibers’ to be electrolytically bonded to other metal elements (e.g. sensor transducers) what makes them great candidates for harsh environment fiber optic sensor applications.
Published: 2015
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33. Teraelectronvolt pulsed emission from the Crab pulsar detected by MAGIC

Author: MAGIC Collaboration, M. L. Ahnen, S. Ansoldi, L. A. Antonelli, P. Antoranz, A. Babic, B. Banerjee, P. Bangale, U. Barres de Almeida, J. A. Barrio, J. Becerra González, W. Bednarek, E. Bernardini, B. Biasuzzi, A. Biland, O. Blanch, S. Bonnefoy, G. Bonnoli, F. Borracci, T. Bretz, S. Buson, E. Carmona, A. Carosi, A. Chatterjee, R. Clavero, P. Colin, E. Colombo, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, S. Covino, P. Da Vela, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, B. De Lotto, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, C. Delgado Mendez, F. Di Pierro, A. Domínguez, D. Dominis Prester, D. Dorner, M. Doro, S. Einecke, D. Eisenacher Glawion, D. Elsaesser, A. Fernández-Barral, D. Fidalgo, M. V. Fonseca, L. Font, K. Frantzen, C. Fruck, D. Galindo, R. J. García López, M. Garczarczyk, D. Garrido Terrats, M. Gaug, P. Giammaria, N. Godinović, A. González Muñoz, D. Gora, D. Guberman, D. Hadasch, A. Hahn, Y. Hanabata, M. Hayashida, J. Herrera, J. Hose, D. Hrupec, G. Hughes, W. Idec, K. Kodani, Y. Konno, H. Kubo, J. Kushida, A. La Barbera, D. Lelas, E. Lindfors, S. Lombardi, F. Longo, M. López, R. López-Coto, E. Lorenz, P. Majumdar, M. Makariev, K. Mallot, G. Maneva, M. Manganaro, K. Mannheim, L. Maraschi, B. Marcote, M. Mariotti, M. Martínez, D. Mazin, U. Menzel, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, A. Moralejo, E. Moretti, D. Nakajima, V. Neustroev, A. Niedzwiecki, M. Nievas Rosillo, K. Nilsson, K. Nishijima, K. Noda, R. Orito, A. Overkemping, S. Paiano, J. Palacio, M. Palatiello, D. Paneque, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, X. Paredes-Fortuny, G. Pedaletti, M. Persic, J. Poutanen, P. G. Prada Moroni, E. Prandini, I. Puljak, W. Rhode, M. Ribó, J. Rico, J. Rodriguez Garcia, T. Saito, K. Satalecka, C. Schultz, T. Schweizer, S. N. Shore, A. Sillanpää, J. Sitarek, I. Snidaric, D. Sobczynska, A. Stamerra, T. Steinbring, M. Strzys, L. Takalo, H. Takami, F. Tavecchio, P. Temnikov, T. Terzić, D. Tescaro, M. Teshima, J. Thaele, D. F. Torres, T. Toyama, A. Treves, V. Verguilov, I. Vovk, J. E. Ward, M. Will, M. H. Wu, and R. Zanin
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Aims: To investigate the extension of the very-high-energy spectral tail of the Crab pulsar at energies above 400 GeV. Methods: We analyzed $\sim$320 hours of good quality data of Crab with the MAGIC telescope, obtained from February 2007 until April 2014. Results: We report the most energetic pulsed emission ever detected from the Crab pulsar reaching up to 1.5 TeV. The pulse profile shows two narrow peaks synchronized with the ones measured in the GeV energy range. The spectra of the two peaks follow two different power-law functions from 70 GeV up to 1.5 TeV and connect smoothly with the spectra measured above 10 GeV by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board of the Fermi satellite. When making a joint fit of the LAT and MAGIC data, above 10 GeV, the photon indices of the spectra differ by 0.5$\pm$0.1. Conclusions: We measured with the MAGIC telescopes the most energetic pulsed photons from a pulsar to date. Such TeV pulsed photons require a parent population of electrons with a Lorentz factor of at least $5\times 10^6$. These results strongly suggest IC scattering off low energy photons as the emission mechanism and a gamma-ray production region in the vicinity of the light cylinder.
Published: 2015

34. Very high-energy gamma-ray observations of novae and dwarf novae with the MAGIC telescopes

Author: J. Kushida, Jose Luis Contreras, Juan Cortina, Tomislav Terzić, A. De Angelis, A. Treves, Vitaly Neustroev, M. Hayashida, Marc Ribó, Marina Manganaro, P. Bangale, D. Galindo, Hidetoshi Kubo, B. Biasuzzi, Abelardo Moralejo, H. Takami, Vassil Verguilov, G. Maneva, D. Nakajima, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Giacomo Bonnoli, Julia Thaele, M. I. Martínez, R. Zanin, Adrian Biland, Arka Chatterjee, P. G. Prada Moroni, T. Steinbring, D. Fidalgo, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, J. Rico, M. Palatiello, Kyoshi Nishijima, Yusuke Konno, Sabrina Einecke, Pratik Majumdar, R. Reinthal, Francesco Dazzi, Gareth Hughes, M. V. Fonseca, K. Kodani, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, J. Rodriguez Garcia, Dominik Elsaesser, U. Barres de Almeida, R. Desiante, Stefano Covino, R. López-Coto, B. Banerjee, Max Ludwig Ahnen, Stefano Ansoldi, A. Niedzwiecki, Riccardo Paoletti, G. De Caneva, Damir Lelas, Massimo Persic, D. Tescaro, David Paneque, K. Saito, J. Palacio, Ievgen Vovk, D. Guberman, Dorota Sobczyńska, Julian Sitarek, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, P. Giammaria, L. Maraschi, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, E. Hays, Elina Lindfors, J. Hose, Daniel Mazin, T. Toyama, Hanna Kellermann, B. De Lotto, T. Schweizer, D. Dominis Prester, Ivica Puljak, S. Bonnefoy, R. Clavero, P. Temnikov, Pierre Colin, L. A. Antonelli, Kari Nilsson, M. Will, K. Frantzen, Thomas Bretz, F. Di Pierro, R. Mirzoyan, Juri Poutanen, D. Garrido Terrats, P. Da Vela, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Y. Hanabata, J. A. Barrio, P. Antoranz, E. Carmona, Masahiro Teshima, S. Paiano, Wolfgang Rhode, Karl Mannheim, Jose Miguel Miranda, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Alicia López-Oramas, Ana Babić, F. Borracci, I. Snidaric, Natalia Lewandowska, A. La Barbera, D. Eisenacher Glawion, X. Paredes-Fortuny, M. Nievas Rosillo, E. Lorenz, J. Becerra González, Takashi Saito, Reiko Orito, E. Prandini, U. Menzel, Daniela Dorner, Diego F. Torres, M. Garczarczyk, A. Sillanpää, E. Colombo, M. Gaug, J. Herrera, L. O. Takalo, Francesco Longo, Koji Noda, Elisa Bernardini, Lluis Font, Marcel Strzys, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, Alba Fernández-Barral, W. Idec, Christian Fruck, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, A. González Muñoz, Saverio Lombardi, C. Delgado Mendez, Ahnen, M. L, Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Caneva, G., De Lotto, B., De Oña Wilhelmi, E., Delgado Mendez, C., Di Pierro, F., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher Glawion, D., Elsaesser, D., Fernández Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Guberman, D., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kellermann, H., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lewandowska, N., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., López Coto, R., López Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Saito, T., Saito, K., Satalecka, K., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Will, M., Zanin, R., Desiante, R., Hays, E., and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: Proton, Hadron, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Raigs gamma, law, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, novae, cataclysmic variables, gamma rays: stars, binaries: general, stars: activity, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Dwarf nova, Novae, Estels binaris de raigs X, astro-ph.HE, Physics, Novae, cataclysmic variable, cataclysmic variables, Binaries: general, Gamma rays: stars, Novae, cataclysmic variables, Stars: activity, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Gamma-rays, stars, Binaries, general, Stars, activity, Gamma ray, X-ray binaries, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, activity [Stars], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Noves (Estels), Telescope, star [Gamma rays], 0103 physical sciences, New stars, general [Binaries], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysic, 13. Climate action, ddc:520, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, Lepton
Abstract: Context. In the last five years the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) instrument detected GeV {\gamma}-ray emission from five novae. The GeV emission can be interpreted in terms of an inverse Compton process of electrons accelerated in a shock. In this case it is expected that protons in the same conditions can be accelerated to much higher energies. Consequently they may produce a second component in the {\gamma}-ray spectrum at TeV energies. Aims. We aim to explore the very-high-energy domain to search for {\gamma}-ray emission above 50 GeV and to shed light on the acceleration process of leptons and hadrons in nova explosions. Methods. We have performed observations with the MAGIC telescopes of the classical nova V339 Del shortly after the 2013 outburst, triggered by optical and subsequent GeV {\gamma}-ray detec- tions. We also briefly report on VHE observations of the symbiotic nova YY Her and the dwarf nova ASASSN-13ax. We complement the TeV MAGIC observations with the analysis of con- temporaneous Fermi-LAT data of the sources. The TeV and GeV observations are compared in order to evaluate the acceleration parameters for leptons and hadrons. Results. No significant TeV emission was found from the studied sources. We computed upper limits on the spectrum and night-by-night flux. The combined GeV and TeV observations of V339 Del limit the ratio of proton to electron luminosities to Lp, Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2015
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35. Multiwavelength observations of Mrk 501 in 2008

Author: MAGIC Collaboration, J. Aleksić(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), S. Ansoldi(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), L. A. Antonelli(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Antoranz(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), A. Babic(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), P. Bangale(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), U. Barres de Almeida(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), J. A. Barrio(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), J. Becerra González(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), W. Bednarek(University of Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), K. Berger(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), E. Bernardini(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), A. Biland(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), O. Blanch(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), R. K. Bock(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), S. Bonnefoy(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), G. Bonnoli(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), F. Borracci(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), T. Bretz(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), E. Carmona(Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), A. Carosi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), D. Carreto Fidalgo(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), P. Colin(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), E. Colombo(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), J. L. Contreras(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), J. Cortina(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), S. Covino(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Da Vela(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), F. Dazzi(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), A. De Angelis(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), G. De Caneva(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), B. De Lotto(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), C. Delgado Mendez(Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), M. Doert(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), A. Domínguez(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), D. Dominis Prester(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), D. Dorner(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), M. Doro(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), S. Einecke(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), D. Eisenacher(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), D. Elsaesser(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), E. Farina(Università dell'Insubria, Como, I-22100 Como, Italy), D. Ferenc(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), M. V. Fonseca(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), L. Font(Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), K. Frantzen(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), C. Fruck(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), R. J. García López(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), M. Garczarczyk(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), D. Garrido Terrats(Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), M. Gaug(Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), G. Giavitto(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), N. Godinović(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), A. González Muñoz(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), S. R. Gozzini(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), A. Hadamek(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), D. Hadasch(Institut de Ciències de l'Espai), A. Herrero(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), D. Hildebrand(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), J. Hose(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), D. Hrupec(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), W. Idec(University of Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), V. Kadenius(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), H. Kellermann(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), M. L. Knoetig(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), J. Krause(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), J. Kushida(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), A. La Barbera(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), D. Lelas(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), N. Lewandowska(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), E. Lindfors(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), S. Lombardi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), M. López(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), R. López-Coto(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), A. López-Oramas(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), E. Lorenz(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), I. Lozano(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), M. Makariev(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria), K. Mallot(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), G. Maneva(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria), N. Mankuzhiyil(2,*), K. Mannheim(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), L. Maraschi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), B. Marcote(Universitat de Barcelona), M. Mariotti(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), M. Martínez(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), D. Mazin(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), U. Menzel(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), M. Meucci(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), J. M. Miranda(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), R. Mirzoyan(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), A. Moralejo(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), P. Munar-Adrover(Universitat de Barcelona), D. Nakajima(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), A. Niedzwiecki(University of Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), K. Nilsson(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), N. Nowak(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), R. Orito(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), A. Overkemping(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), S. Paiano(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), M. Palatiello(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), D. Paneque(6,*), R. Paoletti(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), J. M. Paredes(Universitat de Barcelona), X. Paredes-Fortuny(Universitat de Barcelona), S. Partini(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), M. Persic(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), F. Prada(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), P. G. Prada Moroni(Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy), E. Prandini(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), S. Preziuso(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), I. Puljak(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), R. Reinthal(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), W. Rhode(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), M. Ribó(Universitat de Barcelona), J. Rico(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), J. Rodriguez Garcia(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), S. Rügamer(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), A. Saggion(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), T. Saito(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), K. Saito(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), M. Salvati(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), K. Satalecka(7,*), V. Scalzotto(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), V. Scapin(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), C. Schultz(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), T. Schweizer(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), S. N. Shore(Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy), A. Sillanpää(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), J. Sitarek(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), I. Snidaric(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), D. Sobczynska(University of Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), F. Spanier(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), V. Stamatescu(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), A. Stamerra(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), T. Steinbring(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), J. Storz(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), S. Sun(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), T. Surić(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), L. Takalo(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), F. Tavecchio(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Temnikov(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria), T. Terzić(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), D. Tescaro(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), M. Teshima(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), J. Thaele(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), O. Tibolla(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), D. F. Torres(Institut de Ciències de l'Espai), T. Toyama(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), A. Treves(Università dell'Insubria, Como, I-22100 Como, Italy), M. Uellenbeck(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), P. Vogler(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), R. M. Wagner(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), F. Zandanel(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), R. Zanin(Universitat de Barcelona), VERITAS Collaboration(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), B. Behera(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), M. Beilicke(Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA), W. Benbow(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), R. Bird(School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), A. Bouvier(Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA), V. Bugaev(Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA), M. Cerruti(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), X. Chen(Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany), L. Ciupik(Astronomy Department, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, USA), E. Collins-Hughes(School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), W. Cui(Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), C. Duke(Department of Physics, Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA 50112-1690, USA), J. Dumm(School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA), A. Falcone(Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 525 Davey Lab, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA), S. Federici(now at GRAPPA Institute, University of Amsterdam, 1098XH), Q. Feng(Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), J. P. Finley(Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), L. Fortson(School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA), A. Furniss(Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA), N. Galante(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), G. H. Gillanders(School of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland), S. Griffin(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), S. T. Griffiths(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA), J. Grube(Astronomy Department, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, USA), G. Gyuk(Astronomy Department, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, USA), D. Hanna(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), J. Holder(Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA), C. A. Johnson(Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA), P. Kaaret(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA), M. Kertzman(Department of Physics and Astronomy, DePauw University, Greencastle, IN 46135-0037, USA), D. Kieda(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA), H. Krawczynski(Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA), M. J. Lang(School of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland), A. S Madhavan(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA), G. Maier(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), P. Majumdar(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA), K. Meagher(School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0430), P. Moriarty(Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Galway, Ireland), R. Mukherjee(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Barnard College, Columbia University, NY 10027, USA), D. Nieto(Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA), A. O'Faoláin de Bhróithe(School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), R. A. Ong(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA), A. N. Otte(School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0430), A. Pichel(Instituto de Astronomia y Fisica del Espacio, Casilla de Correo 67 - Sucursal 28), M. Pohl(Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany), A. Popkow(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA), H. Prokoph(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), J. Quinn(School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), J. Rajotte(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), G. Ratliff(Astronomy Department, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, USA), L. C. Reyes(Physics Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 94307, USA), P. T. Reynolds(Department of Applied Physics and Instrumentation, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland), G. T. Richards(School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0430), E. Roache(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), G. H. Sembroski(Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), K. Shahinyan(School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA), F. Sheidaei(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA), A. W. Smith(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA), D. Staszak(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), I. Telezhinsky(Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany), M. Theiling(Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), J. Tyler(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), A. Varlotta(Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), S. Vincent(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), S. P. Wakely(Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA), T. C. Weekes(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), R. Welsing(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), D. A. Williams(Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA), A. Zajczyk(Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA), B. Zitzer(Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA), External Collaborators(INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese), (INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese), M. Villata(INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese), C. M. Raiteri(INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese), M. Ajello(Space Sciences Laboratory, 7 Gauss Way, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7450, USA), M. Perri(ASI-Science Data Center, Via del Politecnico, I-00133 Rome, Italy), H. D. Aller(Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1042, USA), M. F. Aller(Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1042, USA), V. M. Larionov(Astron. Inst., St.-Petersburg State Univ., Russia), N. V. Efimova(Astron. Inst., St.-Petersburg State Univ., Russia), T. S. Konstantinova(Astron. Inst., St.-Petersburg State Univ., Russia), E. N. Kopatskaya(Astron. Inst., St.-Petersburg State Univ., Russia), W. P. Chen(Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd., Jhongli 32001, Taiwan), E. Koptelova(Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd., Jhongli 32001, Taiwan), H. Y. Hsiao(Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd., Jhongli 32001, Taiwan), O. M. Kurtanidze(Abastumani Observatory, Mt. Kanobili, 0301 Abastumani, Georgia), M. G. Nikolashvili(Abastumani Observatory, Mt. Kanobili, 0301 Abastumani, Georgia), G. N. Kimeridze(Abastumani Observatory, Mt. Kanobili, 0301 Abastumani, Georgia), B. Jordan(School of Cosmic Physics, Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies, Ireland), P. Leto(INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Italy), C. S. Buemi(INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Italy), C. Trigilio(INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Italy), G. Umana(INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Italy), A. Lahtenmaki(Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory Metsähovintie 114 FIN-02540 Kylmälä Finland), E. Nieppola(Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory Metsähovintie 114 FIN-02540 Kylmälä Finland), M. Tornikoski(Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory Metsähovintie 114 FIN-02540 Kylmälä Finland), J. Sainio(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), M. Giroletti(INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, 40129 Bologna, Italy), A. Cesarini(University of Trento, Department of Physics, I38050 Povo, Trento, Italy), L. Fuhrmann(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany), Yu. A. Kovalev(Astro Space Center of the Lebedev Physical Institute, 117997), Y. Y. Kovalev(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany), Anne Lähteenmäki Group, Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Universitat de Barcelona, School services, ELEC, and ~
Subjects: extragalactic background light, Ciencias Físicas, Flux, Electron, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Raigs gamma, bl lacertae objects, law, individual: Mrk 501 [BL Lacertae objects], Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, 213 Electronic, automation and communications engineering, electronics, Astroparticle physics, BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 501, Gamma rays: general, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Synchrotron, individual: Mrk 50 [BL Lacertae objects], Homogeneous, astroparticle physics, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, 1171 Geosciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, emitting electrons, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 114 Physical sciences, bl lacertae objects: individual: mrk 501, crab-nebula, Blazar, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, tev blazars, variability, 221 Nanotechnology, Gamma rays, Individual: Mrk 501, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], gamma rays: general, Galaxies, gamma-ray emission, telescope system, Galàxies, Active Galaxies, blazars, gamma-rays, Mrk 501, Astronomía, Crab Nebula, x-ray, 115 Astronomy and space science, Low emission, 216 Materials engineering, Galàxies actives, active galactic nuclei, Active galaxies, ddc:520, general [gamma rays]
Abstract: Mrk 501 is one of the brightest blazars at TeV energies and has been extensively studied since its first VHE detection in 1996. Our goal is to characterize in detail the source gamma-ray emission, together with the radio-to-X-ray emission, during the non-flaring (low) activity, which is less often studied than the occasional flaring (high) activity. We organized a multiwavelength (MW) campaign on Mrk 501 between March and May 2008. This multi-instrument effort included the most sensitive VHE gamma-ray instruments in the northern hemisphere, namely the imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes MAGIC and VERITAS, as well as Swift, RXTE, the F-GAMMA, GASP-WEBT, and other collaborations and instruments. Mrk 501 was found to be in a low state of activity during the campaign, with a VHE flux in the range of 10%-20% of the Crab nebula flux. Nevertheless, significant flux variations were detected with various instruments, with a trend of increasing variability with energy. The broadband spectral energy distribution during the two different emission states of the campaign can be adequately described within the homogeneous one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model, with the (slightly) higher state described by an increase in the electron number density. This agrees with previous studies of the broadband emission of this source during flaring and non-flaring states. We report for the first time a tentative X-ray-to-VHE correlation during a low VHE activity. Although marginally significant, this positive correlation between X-ray and VHE, which has been reported many times during flaring activity, suggests that the mechanisms that dominate the X-ray/VHE emission during non-flaring-activity are not substantially different from those that are responsible for the emission during flaring activity., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2015
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36. The 2009 multiwavelength campaign on Mrk 421: Variability and correlation studies

Author: MAGIC Collaboration, J. Aleksić(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), S. Ansoldi(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), L. A. Antonelli(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Antoranz(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), A. Babic(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), P. Bangale(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), U. Barres de Almeida(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), J. A. Barrio(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), J. Becerra González(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), W. Bednarek(University of Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), K. Berger(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), E. Bernardini(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), A. Biland(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), O. Blanch(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), R. K. Bock(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), S. Bonnefoy(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), G. Bonnoli(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), F. Borracci(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), T. Bretz(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), E. Carmona(Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), A. Carosi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), D. Carreto Fidalgo(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), P. Colin(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), E. Colombo(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), J. L. Contreras(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), J. Cortina(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), S. Covino(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Da Vela(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), F. Dazzi(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), A. De Angelis(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), G. De Caneva(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), B. De Lotto(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), C. Delgado Mendez(Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), M. Doert(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), A. Domínguez(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), D. Dominis Prester(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), D. Dorner(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), M. Doro(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), S. Einecke(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), D. Eisenacher(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), D. Elsaesser(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), E. Farina(Università dell'Insubria, Como, I-22100 Como, Italy), D. Ferenc(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), M. V. Fonseca(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), L. Font(Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), K. Frantzen(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), C. Fruck(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), R. J. García López(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), M. Garczarczyk(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), D. Garrido Terrats(Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), M. Gaug(Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), G. Giavitto(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), N. Godinović(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), A. González Mu\ noz(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), S. R. Gozzini(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), A. Hadamek(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), D. Hadasch(Institut de Ciències de l'Espai), A. Herrero(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), D. Hildebrand(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), J. Hose(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), D. Hrupec(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), W. Idec(University of Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), V. Kadenius(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), H. Kellermann(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), M. L. Knoetig(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), J. Krause(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), J. Kushida(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), A. La Barbera(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), D. Lelas(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), N. Lewandowska(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), E. Lindfors(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), F. Longo(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), S. Lombardi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), M. López(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), R. López-Coto(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), A. López-Oramas(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), E. Lorenz(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), I. Lozano(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), M. Makariev(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria), K. Mallot(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), G. Maneva(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria), N. Mankuzhiyil(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), K. Mannheim(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), L. Maraschi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), B. Marcote(Universitat de Barcelona), M. Mariotti(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), M. Martínez(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), D. Mazin(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), U. Menzel(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), M. Meucci(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), J. M. Miranda(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), R. Mirzoyan(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), A. Moralejo(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), P. Munar-Adrover(Universitat de Barcelona), D. Nakajima(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), A. Niedzwiecki(University of Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), K. Nilsson(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), N. Nowak(6,32,*), R. Orito(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), A. Overkemping(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), S. Paiano(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), M. Palatiello(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), D. Paneque(6,*), R. Paoletti(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), J. M. Paredes(Universitat de Barcelona), X. Paredes-Fortuny(Universitat de Barcelona), S. Partini(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), M. Persic(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), F. Prada(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), P. G. Prada Moroni(Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy), E. Prandini(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), S. Preziuso(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), I. Puljak(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), R. Reinthal(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), W. Rhode(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), M. Ribó(Universitat de Barcelona), J. Rico(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), J. Rodriguez Garcia(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), S. Rügamer(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), A. Saggion(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), K. Saito(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), M. Salvati(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), K. Satalecka(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), V. Scalzotto(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), V. Scapin(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), C. Schultz(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), T. Schweizer(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), S. N. Shore(Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy), A. Sillanpää(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), J. Sitarek(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), I. Snidaric(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), D. Sobczynska(University of Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), F. Spanier(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), V. Stamatescu(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), A. Stamerra(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), T. Steinbring(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), J. Storz(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), S. Sun(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), T. Surić(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), L. Takalo(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), F. Tavecchio(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Temnikov(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria), T. Terzić(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), D. Tescaro(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), M. Teshima(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), J. Thaele(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), O. Tibolla(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), D. F. Torres(Institut de Ciències de l'Espai), T. Toyama(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), A. Treves(Università dell'Insubria, Como, I-22100 Como, Italy), M. Uellenbeck(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), P. Vogler(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), R. M. Wagner(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), F. Zandanel(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), R. Zanin(Universitat de Barcelona), VERITAS collaboration(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), (Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), S. Archambault(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), B. Behera(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), M. Beilicke(Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA), W. Benbow(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), R. Bird(School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), J. H. Buckley(Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA), V. Bugaev(Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA), M. Cerruti(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), X. Chen(Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany), L. Ciupik(Astronomy Department, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, USA), E. Collins-Hughes(School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), W. Cui(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), J. Dumm(School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA), J. D. Eisch(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA), A. Falcone(Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 525 Davey Lab, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA), S. Federici(DESY, Platanenallee 6, 15738 Zeuthen, Germany), Q. Feng(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), J. P. Finley(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), H. Fleischhack(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), P. Fortin(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA), L. Fortson(School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA), A. Furniss(Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA), S. Griffin(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), S. T. Griffiths(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA), J. Grube(Astronomy Department, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, USA), G. Gyuk(Astronomy Department, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, USA), D. Hanna(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), J. Holder(Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA), G. Hughes(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), T. B. Humensky(Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA), C. A. Johnson(Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA), P. Kaaret(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA), M. Kertzman(Department of Physics and Astronomy, DePauw University, Greencastle, IN 46135-0037, USA), Y. Khassen(School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), D. Kieda(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA), H. Krawczynski(Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA), F. Krennrich(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA), S. Kumar(Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA), M. J. Lang(School of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland), G. Maier(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), S. McArthur(Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA), K. Meagher(School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0430), P. Moriarty(Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Galway, Ireland), R. Mukherjee(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Barnard College, Columbia University, NY 10027, USA), R. A. Ong(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA), A. N. Otte(School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0430), N. Park(Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA), A. Pichel(Instituto de Astronomia y Fisica del Espacio, Casilla de Correo 67 - Sucursal 28), M. Pohl(Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany), A. Popkow(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA), H. Prokoph(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), J. Quinn(School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), K. Ragan(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), J. Rajotte(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), P. T. Reynolds(Department of Applied Physics and Instrumentation, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland), G. T. Richards(School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0430), E. Roache(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), A. C. Rovero(Instituto de Astronomia y Fisica del Espacio, Casilla de Correo 67 - Sucursal 28), G. H. Sembroski(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), K. Shahinyan(School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA), D. Staszak(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), I. Telezhinsky(Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany), M. Theiling(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), J. V. Tucci(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), J. Tyler(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), A. Varlotta(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), S. P. Wakely(Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA), T. C. Weekes(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), A. Weinstein(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA), R. Welsing(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), A. Wilhelm(Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany), D. A. Williams(Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA), B. Zitzer(Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA), External collaborators(INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese), (INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese), M. Villata(INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese), C. Raiteri(INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese), H. D. Aller(Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1042, USA), M. F. Aller(Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1042, USA), W. P. Chen(Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, Jhongli 32054, Taiwan), B. Jordan(School of Cosmic Physics, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, 2, Ireland), E. Koptelova(Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, Jhongli 32054, Taiwan), O. M. Kurtanidze(Abastumani Observatory, Mt. Kanobili, 0301 Abastumani, Georgia), A. Lähteenmäki(Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory Metsähovintie 114 FIN-02540 Kylmälä Finland), B. McBreen(University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), V. M. Larionov(Isaac Newton Institute of Chile, St. Petersburg Branch, St. Petersburg, Russia), C. S. Lin(Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, Jhongli 32054, Taiwan), M. G. Nikolashvili(Abastumani Observatory, Mt. Kanobili, 0301 Abastumani, Georgia), E. Angelakis(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany), M. Capalbi(ASI-Science Data Center, Via del Politecnico, I-00133 Rome, Italy), A. Carrami\ nana(Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Tonantzintla, Puebla 72840, Mexico), L. Carrasco(Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Tonantzintla, Puebla 72840, Mexico), P. Cassaro(INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, Sezione di Noto, Contrada Renna Bassa, 96017 Noto), A. Cesarini(Department of Physics, University of Trento, I38050, Povo, Trento, Italy), L. Fuhrmann(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany), M. Giroletti(INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, 40129 Bologna, Italy), T. Hovatta(Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125), T. P. Krichbaum(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany), H. A. Krimm(Astro Space Center of the Lebedev Physical Institute, 117997 Moscow, Russia), W. Max-Moerbeck(Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125), J. W. Moody(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA), G. Maccaferri(INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, Stazione Radioastronomica di Medicina, I-40059 Medicina), Y. Mori(Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro City, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan), I. Nestoras(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany), A. Orlati(INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, Stazione Radioastronomica di Medicina, I-40059 Medicina), C. Pace(Indiana University, Department of Astronomy, Swain Hall West 319, Bloomington, IN 47405-7105, USA), R. Pearson(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA), M. Perri(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), A. C. S. Readhead(Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125), J. L. Richards(Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Ave, West Lafayette, IN 47907), A. C. Sadun(Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80220, USA), T. Sakamoto(Department of Physics and Mathematics, College of Science and 952 Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuoku, Sagamihara-shi Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan), J. Tammi(Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory Metsähovintie 114 FIN-02540 Kylmälä Finland), M. Tornikoski(Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory Metsähovintie 114 FIN-02540 Kylmälä Finland), Y. Yatsu(Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro City, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan), A. Zook(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pomona College, Claremont CA 91711-6312, USA), Aleksić, J, Ansoldi, Stefano, Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Bangale, P., Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Berger, K., Bernardini, E., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bock, R. K., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Carreto Fidalgo, D., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Caneva, G., De Lotto, B., Delgado Mendez, C., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, D., Farina, E., Ferenc, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giavitto, G., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Gozzini, S. R., Hadamek, A., Hadasch, D., Herrero, A., Hildebrand, D., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Idec, W., Kadenius, V., Kellermann, H., Knoetig, M. L., Krause, J., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lewandowska, N., Lindfors, E., Longo, Francesco, Lombardi, S., López, M., López Coto, R., López Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Lozano, I., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Meucci, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Munar Adrover, P., Nakajima, D., Niedzwiecki, A., Nilsson, K., Nowak, N., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Partini, S., Persic, M., Prada, F., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Preziuso, S., Puljak, I., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rodriguezgarcia, J., Rügamer, S., Saggion, A., Saito, K., Salvati, M., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Spanier, F., Stamatescu, V., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Storz, J., Sun, S., Surić, T., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Uellenbeck, M., Vogler, P., Wagner, R. M., Zandanel, F., Zanin, R., Archambault, S., Behera, B., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Collins Hughes, E., Cui, W., Dumm, J., Eisch, J. D., Falcone, A., Federici, S., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fleischhack, H., Fortin, P., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Griffin, S., Griffiths, S. T., Grube, J., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Hughes, G., Humensky, T. B., Johnson, C. A., Kaaret, P., Kertzman, M., Khassen, Y., Kieda, D., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Kumar, S., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Meagher, K., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Park, N., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Popkow, A., Prokoph, H., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Rajotte, J., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Rovero, A. C., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Staszak, D., Telezhinsky, I., Theiling, M., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Varlotta, A., Wakely, S. P., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Welsing, R., Wilhelm, A., Williams, D. A., Zitzer, B., Villata, M., Raiteri, C., Aller, H. D., Aller, M. F., Chen, W. P., Jordan, B., Koptelova, E., Kurtanidze, O. M., Lähteenmäki, A., Mcbreen, B., Larionov, V. M., Lin, C. S., Nikolashvili, M. G., Angelakis, E., Capalbi, M., Carramiñana, A., Carrasco, L., Cassaro, P., Cesarini, A., Fuhrmann, L., Giroletti, M., Hovatta, T., Krichbaum, T. P., Krimm, H. A., Max Moerbeck, W., Moody, J. W., Maccaferri, G., Mori, Y., Nestoras, I., Orlati, A., Pace, C., Pearson, R., Perri, M., Readhead, A. C. S., Richards, J. L., Sadun, A. C., Sakamoto, T., Tammi, J., Tornikoski, M., Yatsu, Y., Zook, A., Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: Astrofísica, Brightness, Ciencias Físicas, blazars, Astrophysics, telescope, x-ray variability, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, BL Lacertae objects, individual, Mrk 421, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Raigs gamma, emission, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), individual: Mrk 421 [BL Lacertae objects], Galaxies: BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 421, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, power spectra, BL Lacertae object, tev photons, 0103 physical sciences, Nucli galàctic actiu, bl lacertae objects: individual: mrk 421, Blazar, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Active galactic nuclei, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, light curves, Gamma rays, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], Light curve, Galaxies, Galàxies, Astronomía, Crab Nebula, optical variability, active galactic nuclei, Galàxies actives, Active galaxies, markarian-421, ddc:520
Abstract: We performed a 4.5-month multi-instrument campaign (from radio to VHE gamma rays) on Mrk421 between January 2009 and June 2009, which included VLBA, F-GAMMA, GASP-WEBT, Swift, RXTE, Fermi-LAT, MAGIC, and Whipple, among other instruments and collaborations. Mrk421 was found in its typical (non-flaring) activity state, with a VHE flux of about half that of the Crab Nebula, yet the light curves show significant variability at all wavelengths, the highest variability being in the X-rays. We determined the power spectral densities (PSD) at most wavelengths and found that all PSDs can be described by power-laws without a break, and with indices consistent with pink/red-noise behavior. We observed a harder-when-brighter behavior in the X-ray spectra and measured a positive correlation between VHE and X-ray fluxes with zero time lag. Such characteristics have been reported many times during flaring activity, but here they are reported for the first time in the non-flaring state. We also observed an overall anti-correlation between optical/UV and X-rays extending over the duration of the campaign. The harder-when-brighter behavior in the X-ray spectra and the measured positive X-ray/VHE correlation during the 2009 multi-wavelength campaign suggests that the physical processes dominating the emission during non-flaring states have similarities with those occurring during flaring activity. In particular, this observation supports leptonic scenarios as being responsible for the emission of Mrk421 during non-flaring activity. Such a temporally extended X-ray/VHE correlation is not driven by any single flaring event, and hence is difficult to explain within the standard hadronic scenarios. The highest variability is observed in the X-ray band, which, within the one-zone synchrotron self-Compton scenario, indicates that the electron energy distribution is most variable at the highest energies., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 18 pages, 14 figures (v2 has a small modification in the acknowledgments, and also corrects a typo in the field "author" in the metadata)
Published: 2015
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37. Black hole lightning due to particle acceleration at subhorizon scales

Author: J. Kushida, Jose Luis Contreras, Juan Cortina, J. Hose, R. Reinthal, D. Elsaesser, Michele Palatiello, P. Munar-Adrover, Elina Lindfors, Damir Lelas, Dario Hrupec, R. Zanin, Daniel Mazin, D. Nakajima, Victor Stamatescu, M. A. Lopez, Dorota Sobczyńska, Adrian Biland, K. Nishijima, M. Uellenbeck, D. Garrido Terrats, D. Dominis Prester, J. Rico, V. Scalzotto, Christian Fruck, E. Prandini, Stefano Covino, P. G. Prada Moroni, Francesco Longo, F. Borracci, P. Da Vela, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, Patrick Vogler, Ana Babić, D. Galindo, Yusuke Konno, O. Tibolla, I. Snidaric, M. Makariev, D. Tescaro, P. Temnikov, Ivica Puljak, M. V. Fonseca, A. Sillanpää, Jörn Wilms, G. Bonnoli, L. Maraschi, Pierre Colin, C. Delgado Mendez, S. R. Gozzini, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Konstancja Satalecka, Julian Sitarek, Michele Doro, A. Treves, Kari Nilsson, Tomislav Terzić, N. Mankuzhiyil, Daniela Hadasch, Jelena Aleksić, Oscar Blanch, Alessandro Carosi, E. Lorenz, Ruben Lopez-Coto, T. Toyama, A. Niedzwiecki, I. Lozano, G. De Caneva, M. Hayashida, David Paneque, S. Bonnefoy, A. González Muñoz, T. Schweizer, Jose Miguel Miranda, E. Colombo, Francesco Dazzi, Masahiro Teshima, G. Maneva, Felix Spanier, Y. Hanabata, Daniela Dorner, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Miriam Lucio Martinez, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, M. Gaug, W. Bednarek, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Ll. Font, Juri Poutanen, Stefano Ansoldi, J. Herrera, Koji Noda, B. Biasuzzi, U. Bach, Marc Ribó, Riccardo Paoletti, P. Antoranz, Elisa Bernardini, Hajime Takami, P. Bangale, J. M. Paredes, Felicia Krauß, Hidetoshi Kubo, Antonio Stamerra, Julia Thaele, K. Kodani, E. Carmona, L. O. Takalo, Louis Antonelli, J. Storz, A. De Angelis, D. Hildebrand, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, Sabrina Einecke, Saverio Lombardi, J. Rodriguez Garcia, K. Saito, W. Idec, K. Frantzen, V. Kadenius, S. Paiano, Karl Mannheim, Alicia López-Oramas, Natalia Lewandowska, R. Mirzoyan, A. La Barbera, D. Eisenacher, Markus Garczarczyk, X. Paredes-Fortuny, J. Becerra González, Abelardo Moralejo, T. Steinbring, Hanna Kellermann, U. Menzel, Diego F. Torres, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, Takashi Saito, Reiko Orito, Eduardo Ros, Marcel Strzys, Matthias Kadler, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, Massimo Persic, R. Schulz, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, Wolfgang Rhode, Aleksić, J, Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Bangale, P., Barrio, J. A., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Bil, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Caneva, G., De Lotto, B., De Oña Wilhelmi, E., Mendez, C. Delgado, Prester, D. Domini, Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Terrats, D. Garrido, Gaug, M., Godinoviæ, N., Muñoz, A. González, Gozzini, S. R., Hadasch, D., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hildebr, D., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Idec, W., Kadenius, V., Kellermann, H., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Krause, J., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Barbera, A. La, Lelas, D., Lewowska, N., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., López Coto, R., López Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Lozano, I., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Mira, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Munar Adrover, P., Nakajima, D., Niedzwiecki, A., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prini, E., Puljak, I., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Garcia, J. Rodriguez, Rügamer, S., Saito, T., Saito, K., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Spanier, F., Stamatescu, V., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Storz, J., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Uellenbeck, M., Vogler, P., Zanin, R., Kadler, M., Schulz, R., Ros, E., Bach, U., Krauß, F., and Wilms, J.
Subjects: Black Holes, Radio galaxy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Very High Energy Gamma Astronomy, Black Holes, Very High Energy Gamma Astronomy, Active Galactic Nuclei, X-shaped radio galaxy, supermassive black hole, jet formation, IC 310, MAGIC telescopes, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Supermassive black hole, ta115, Multidisciplinary, Active Galactic Nuclei, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, Intermediate-mass black hole, Stellar black hole, Electrónica, Física nuclear, ddc:500, Spin-flip, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Schwarzschild radius
Abstract: Supermassive black holes with masses of millions to billions of solar masses are commonly found in the centers of galaxies. Astronomers seek to image jet formation using radio interferometry, but still suffer from insufficient angular resolution. An alternative method to resolve small structures is to measure the time variability of their emission. Here, we report on gamma-ray observations of the radio galaxy IC 310 obtained with the MAGIC telescopes revealing variability with doubling time scales faster than 4.8 min. Causality constrains the size of the emission region to be smaller than 20\% of the gravitational radius of its central black hole. We suggest that the emission is associated with pulsar-like particle acceleration by the electric field across a magnetospheric gap at the base of the radio jet., 19 pages, 10 figures, includes Supplementary Materials
Published: 2014
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38. Unprecedented study of the broadband emission of Mrk 421 during flaring activity in March 2010

Author: E. Pueschel, J. Hose, Svetlana G. Jorstad, M. F. Aller, David A. Williams, G. H. Sembroski, D. Nakajima, M. Strzys, R. Welsing, A. Archer, E. Colombo, B. Biasuzzi, F. Borracci, Stefano Ansoldi, Riccardo Paoletti, I. Telezhinsky, Jamie Holder, D. Elsaesser, D. Staszak, Dario Hrupec, L. Ciupik, L. C. Reyes, G. Bonnoli, K. Ragan, M. A. Lopez, N. Galante, Hajime Takami, J. M. Paredes, P. T. Reynolds, Natalia Lewandowska, Hugh D. Aller, L. O. Takalo, G. H. Gillanders, T. Schweizer, Mosè Mariotti, Wystan Benbow, A.-K. Overkemping, D. Hadasch, Victor Stamatescu, J. Biteau, Paul S. Smith, Gordon T. Richards, Wei Cui, A. La Barbera, Sinéad M. Griffin, E. Roache, A. López-Oramas, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, J. A. Ros, O. M. Kurtanidze, Alessandro Carosi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, X. Paredes-Fortuny, Mark Gurwell, U. Menzel, Saverio Lombardi, Calvin A. Johnson, P. Kar, M. Villata, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, Felix Spanier, M. Kertzman, A. C. S. Readhead, E. Prandini, D. Galindo, Merja Tornikoski, Yusuke Konno, Diego F. Torres, M. G. Nikolashvili, D. Eisenacher, Antonio Stamerra, K. Kodani, Givi N. Kimeridze, Julian Sitarek, Lorand A. Sigua, K. Nishijima, J. V. Tucci, A. Cesarini, M. Perri, P. Kaaret, J. Storz, D. Dominis Prester, Martin Pohl, C. M. Raiteri, Markus Garczarczyk, C. Fruck, A. Sillanpää, N. Håkansson, M. Makariev, T. Toyama, L. Maraschi, A. Pichel, Jose Miguel Miranda, Matteo Cerruti, Konstancja Satalecka, J. Becerra González, P. Antoranz, Amy Furniss, S. P. Wakely, B. Jordan, Elena G. Larionova, Xuhui Chen, H. C. Lin, Geza Gyuk, Louis Antonelli, Michele Doro, Abelardo Moralejo, Jelena Aleksić, S. McArthur, M. L. Knoetig, P. G. Prada Moroni, P. Munar-Adrover, Ivica Puljak, E. Collins-Hughes, K. Meagher, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, T. Steinbring, W. Idec, M. V. Fonseca, Pierre Colin, P. Temnikov, M. Hayashida, Patrick Vogler, J. Tyler, A. Niedzwiecki, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, J. H. Buckley, P. Moriarty, Tomislav Terzić, K. Berger, T. Sakamoto, C. Delgado Mendez, S. R. Gozzini, B. McBreen, O. Tibolla, Shan Sun, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Ivan S. Troitsky, David Paneque, I. Snidaric, Marc Ribó, P. Da Vela, D. Hildebrand, B. Steinke, Steven N. Shore, Q. Feng, K. Frantzen, Massimo Persic, Hidetoshi Kubo, A. Boller, D. A. Morozova, A. Wilhelm, R. Reinthal, Thomas Bretz, Sofia O. Kurtanidze, Kari Nilsson, Elina Lindfors, Justin D. Finke, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, Walter Max-Moerbeck, K. Saito, Razmik Mirzoyan, U. Barres de Almeida, A. González Muñoz, V. Kadenius, Damir Lelas, N. Mankuzhiyil, J. P. Finley, J. S. Perkins, Wen Ping Chen, S. Paiano, E. Lorenz, Karl Mannheim, H. Prokoph, Hanna Kellermann, Daniel Mazin, I. Lozano, Dorota Sobczyńska, J. D. Eisch, Wolfgang Rhode, Daniela Dorner, M. Palatiello, Joseph Moody, Lucy Fortson, M. I. Martínez, M. Gaug, P. Bangale, G. De Caneva, J. Herrera, Matthias Beilicke, Koji Noda, J. Millis, Abraham D. Falcone, Francesco Dazzi, Karlen Shahinyan, Elisa Bernardini, S. Bonnefoy, Sabrina Einecke, J. Rodriguez Garcia, W. Bednarek, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Ll. Font, A. C. Sadun, Anne Lähteenmäki, Stefano Covino, M. J. Lang, A. Varlotta, Masahiro Teshima, A. McCann, Ekaterina Koptelova, A. C. Rovero, J. Kushida, D. Tescaro, Jose Luis Contreras, G. Hughes, M. Uellenbeck, Takashi Saito, Y. Hanabata, A. Popkow, Juan Cortina, V. Bugaev, David Kieda, Reiko Orito, S. Buson, J. L. Richards, Ann E. Wehrle, D. Garrido Terrats, P. Fortin, Oscar Blanch, Ralph Bird, S. Archambault, Valeri M. Larionov, V. Scalzotto, Ana Babić, Julia Thaele, E. Carmona, A. De Angelis, A. Treves, R. A. Ong, G. Maneva, R. Zanin, A. N. Otte, Adrian Biland, J. Rico, Alan P. Marscher, Universitat de Barcelona, Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, and ~
Subjects: extragalactic background light, Ciencias Físicas, spectral energy-distribution, Flux, Non-thermal / galaxies, Astrophysics, law.invention, Relativistic particle, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], atmospheric cherenkov telescopes, Raigs gamma, bl lacertae objects, law, MAGIC (telescope), Active / BL Lacertae objects, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, individual: Mrk 421 [BL Lacertae objects], education.field_of_study, gamma-ray outburst, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 421, Galaxies: active, Gamma rays: galaxies, Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Particle acceleration, NON THERMAL RADIATION, large-area telescope, active [galaxies], galaxies [gamma rays], BL LACERTAE OBJECTS, Electrónica, self-compton model, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Flare, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Radio telescope, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, gamma rays: galaxies, Radiation mechanisms, BL Lacertae objects: individual, simultaneous multiwavelength observations, AGN, education, Blazar, Individual: Mrk 421 / gamma rays, tev blazars, Gamma rays, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], Galaxies, Astronomía, x-ray, Galàxies actives, Active galaxies, ddc:520
Abstract: A flare from the TeV blazar Mrk 421, occurring in March 2010, was observed for 13 consecutive days from radio to very high energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) gamma-rays with MAGIC, VERITAS, Whipple, FermiLAT, MAXI, RXTE, Swift, GASP-WEBT, and several optical and radio telescopes. We model the day-scale SEDs with one-zone and two-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) models, investigate the physical parameters, and evaluate whether the observed broadband SED variability can be associated to variations in the relativistic particle population. Flux variability was remarkable in the X-ray and VHE bands while it was minor or not significant in the other bands. The one-zone SSC model can describe reasonably well the SED of each day for the 13 consecutive days. This flaring activity is also very well described by a two-zone SSC model, where one zone is responsible for the quiescent emission while the other smaller zone, which is spatially separated from the first one, contributes to the daily-variable emission occurring in X-rays and VHE gamma-rays. Both the one-zone SSC and the two-zone SSC models can describe the daily SEDs via the variation of only four or five model parameters, under the hypothesis that the variability is associated mostly to the underlying particle population. This shows that the particle acceleration and cooling mechanism producing the radiating particles could be the main one responsible for the broadband SED variations during the flaring episodes in blazars. The two-zone SSC model provides a better agreement to the observed SED at the narrow peaks of the low- and high-energy bumps during the highest activity, although the reported one-zone SSC model could be further improved by the variation of the parameters related to the emitting region itself ($\delta$, $B$ and $R$), in addition to the parameters related to the particle population., Comment: Published in A&A, 30 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables. Online-data: multi-wavelength light curves (data in Fig. 1) and broadband spectral energy distributions (the data in Figs. 6, and B1-B4) are available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/578/A22. Corresponding authors: David Paneque (dpaneque@mpp.mpg.de), Shangyu Sun (sysun@mpp.mpg.de), Hajime Takami (takami@post.kek.jp)
Published: 2014
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39. First broadband characterization and redshift determination of the VHE blazar MAGIC J2001+439

Author: Robert Wagner, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, K. Nishijima, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, A. Herrero, D. Dominis Prester, M. Uellenbeck, Nina Nowak, J. M. Paredes, A. López-Oramas, J. Kushida, Antonio Stamerra, Jelena Aleksić, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, Jose Luis Contreras, A. Niedzwiecki, David Paneque, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Francisco Prada, J. L. Richards, Juan Cortina, K. Kodani, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Massimo Persic, D. Nakajima, J. Storz, D. Garrido Terrats, Talvikki Hovatta, Patrick Vogler, P. G. Prada Moroni, Valeri M. Larionov, Jose Miguel Miranda, V. Scalzotto, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Tomislav Terzić, Yusuke Konno, Anthony C. S. Readhead, J. Krause, O. Tibolla, M. Hayashida, B. De Lotto, P. Da Vela, Ana Babić, Hanna Kellermann, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, Kari Nilsson, Daniel Mazin, Marc Ribó, M. V. Fonseca, P. Bangale, Julia Thaele, Hidetoshi Kubo, Stefano Covino, U. Menzel, Emanuele Paolo Farina, A. De Angelis, D. Tescaro, M. Perri, I. Snidaric, Natalia Lewandowska, M. Palatiello, Diego F. Torres, S. Rügamer, Stefano Ansoldi, Juan Abel Barrio, M. I. Martínez, Riccardo Paoletti, Felix Spanier, T. Sakamoto, M. Garczarczyk, E. Lorenz, Hajime Takami, A. La Barbera, L. A. Antonelli, Francesco Dazzi, Sabrina Einecke, P. Antoranz, R. Reinthal, J. Rodriguez Garcia, Dominik Elsaesser, Giacomo Bonnoli, X. Paredes-Fortuny, U. Barres de Almeida, I. Lozano, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Damir Lelas, Ll. Font, Masahiro Teshima, Victor Stamatescu, S. Bonnefoy, R. D. Schwartz, Filippo D'Ammando, Dorota Sobczyńska, R. Mirzoyan, D. Eisenacher, Abelardo Moralejo, P. Temnikov, Fabio Zandanel, Shan Sun, E. Carmona, T. Steinbring, Julian Sitarek, J. Hose, Aaron Dominguez, E. Prandini, Daniela Hadasch, T. Toyama, Aldo Treves, W. Idec, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, Walter Max-Moerbeck, Wolfgang Rhode, K. Frantzen, Ivica Puljak, Tihomir Surić, Pierre Colin, D. Carreto Fidalgo, T. Schweizer, C. Delgado Mendez, S. R. Gozzini, F. Borracci, V. Kadenius, S. Paiano, Karl Mannheim, J. Becerra González, Mario Meucci, F. Verrecchia, E. Colombo, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, P. Munar-Adrover, G. Maneva, Silvia Preziuso, L. O. Takalo, R. Zanin, A. Saggion, Adrian Biland, A. González Muñoz, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, J. Rico, A. Sillanpää, Daniela Dorner, Takashi Saito, Saverio Lombardi, M. Gaug, Reiko Orito, J. Herrera, Koji Noda, Elisa Bernardini, Christian Fruck, K. Saito, D. Hildebrand, Daniel Ferenc, G. De Caneva, S. Partini, Marcel Strzys, L. C. Reyes, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, M. Doert, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, Aleksic J, Ansoldi S, Antonelli LA, Antoranz P, Babic A, Bangale P, de Almeida UB, Barrio JA, Gonzalez JB, Bednarek W, Bernardini E, Biland A, Blanch O, Bonnefoy S, Bonnoli G, Borracci F, Bretz T, Carmona E, Carosi A, Fidalgo DC, Colin P, Colombo E, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Covino S, Da Vela P, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, De Caneva G, De Lotto B, Mendez CD, Doert M, Dominguez A, Prester DD, Dorner D, Doro M, Einecke S, Eisenacher D, Elsaesser D, Farina E, Ferenc D, Fonseca MV, Font L, Frantzen K, Fruck C, Lopez RJG, Garczarczyk M, Terrats DG, Gaug M, Godinovic N, Munoz AG, Gozzini SR, Hadasch D, Hayashida M, Herrera J, Herrero A, Hildebrand D, Hose J, Hrupec D, Idec W, Kadenius V, Kellermann H, Kodani K, Konno Y, Krause J, Kubo H, Kushida J, La Barbera A, Lelas D, Lewandowska N, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Lopez M, Lopez-Coto R, Lopez-Oramas A, Lorenz E, Lozano I, Makariev M, Mallot K, Maneva G, Mankuzhiyil N, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Marcote B, Mariotti M, Martinez M, Mazin D, Menzel U, Meucci M, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Moralejo A, Munar-Adrover P, Nakajima D, Niedzwiecki A, Nilsson K, Nishijima K, Noda K, Nowak N, Orito R, Overkemping A, Paiano S, Palatiello M, Paneque D, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Paredes-Fortuny X, Partini S, Persic M, Prada F, Moroni PGP, Prandini E, Preziuso S, Puljak I, Reinthal R, Rhode W, Riboo M, Rico J, Garcia JR, Rugamer S, Saggion A, Saito T, Saito K, Satalecka K, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schultz C, Schweizer T, Shore SN, Sillanpaa A, Sitarek J, Snidaric I, Sobczynska D, Spanier F, Stamatescu V, Stamerra A, Steinbring T, Storz J, Strzys M, Sun S, Suric T, Takalo L, Takami H, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Terzic T, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Thaele J, Tibolla O, Torres DF, Toyama T, Treves A, Uellenbeck M, Vogler P, Wagner RM, Zandanel F, Zanin R, DAmmando F, Hovatta T, Larionov VM, Max-Moerbeck W, Perri M, Readhead ACS, Richards JL, Sakamoto T, Schwartz RD, Verrecchia F, and Reyes LC
Subjects: ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, BL Lacertae objects: individual: MAGIC J2001+439, Galaxies: active, BL Lac objects: individual (MAGIC J2001+435), gamma rays: observations, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, Nordic Optical Telescope, Spectral line, BL Lacertae objects: individual: MAGIC J2001+435, Gamma rays: galaxies, 0103 physical sciences, GAMMA-RAY SPECTRUM, MAGIC (telescope), 010306 general physics, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), galaxies: active – BL Lacertae objects: individual: MAGIC J2001+435 – BL Lacertae objects: individual: MAGIC J2001+439 – gamma rays: galaxies, FERMI ERA, Astronomy and Astrophysics, PKS 1424+240, BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS, Galaxy, Redshift, EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT, LAC OBJECTS, SKY SURVEY, RADIATION, Amplitude, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, BL Lac object
Abstract: We aim to characterize the broadband emission from 2FGL J2001.1+4352, which has been associated with the unknown-redshift blazar MG4 J200112+4352. Based on its gamma-ray spectral properties, it was identified as a potential very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emitter. The source was observed with MAGIC first in 2009 and later in 2010 within a multi-instrument observation campaign. The MAGIC observations yielded 14.8 hours of good quality stereoscopic data. The object was monitored at radio, optical and gamma-ray energies during the years 2010 and 2011. The source, named MAGIC J2001+439, is detected for the first time at VHE with MAGIC at a statistical significance of 6.3 {\sigma} (E > 70 GeV) during a 1.3-hour long observation on 2010 July 16. The multi-instrument observations show variability in all energy bands with the highest amplitude of variability in the X-ray and VHE bands. We also organized deep imaging optical observations with the Nordic Optical Telescope in 2013 to determine the source redshift. We determine for the first time the redshift of this BL Lac object through the measurement of its host galaxy during low blazar activity. Using the observational evidence that the luminosities of BL Lac host galaxies are confined to a relatively narrow range, we obtain z = 0.18 +/- 0.04. Additionally, we use the Fermi-LAT and MAGIC gamma-ray spectra to provide an independent redshift estimation, z = 0.17 +/- 0.10. Using the former (more accurate) redshift value, we adequately describe the broadband emission with a one-zone SSC model for different activity states and interpret the few-day timescale variability as produced by changes in the high-energy component of the electron energy distribution., Comment: 17 pages, 15 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2014
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40. Black hole physics. Black hole lightning due to particle acceleration at subhorizon scales

Author: J, Aleksić, S, Ansoldi, L A, Antonelli, P, Antoranz, A, Babic, P, Bangale, J A, Barrio, J, Becerra González, W, Bednarek, E, Bernardini, B, Biasuzzi, A, Biland, O, Blanch, S, Bonnefoy, G, Bonnoli, F, Borracci, T, Bretz, E, Carmona, A, Carosi, P, Colin, E, Colombo, J L, Contreras, J, Cortina, S, Covino, P, Da Vela, F, Dazzi, A, De Angelis, G, De Caneva, B, De Lotto, E, de Oña Wilhelmi, C, Delgado Mendez, D, Dominis Prester, D, Dorner, M, Doro, S, Einecke, D, Eisenacher, D, Elsaesser, M V, Fonseca, L, Font, K, Frantzen, C, Fruck, D, Galindo, R J, García López, M, Garczarczyk, D, Garrido Terrats, M, Gaug, N, Godinović, A, González Muñoz, S R, Gozzini, D, Hadasch, Y, Hanabata, M, Hayashida, J, Herrera, D, Hildebrand, J, Hose, D, Hrupec, W, Idec, V, Kadenius, H, Kellermann, K, Kodani, Y, Konno, J, Krause, H, Kubo, J, Kushida, A, La Barbera, D, Lelas, N, Lewandowska, E, Lindfors, S, Lombardi, F, Longo, M, López, R, López-Coto, A, López-Oramas, E, Lorenz, I, Lozano, M, Makariev, K, Mallot, G, Maneva, N, Mankuzhiyil, K, Mannheim, L, Maraschi, B, Marcote, M, Mariotti, M, Martínez, D, Mazin, U, Menzel, J M, Miranda, R, Mirzoyan, A, Moralejo, P, Munar-Adrover, D, Nakajima, A, Niedzwiecki, K, Nilsson, K, Nishijima, K, Noda, R, Orito, A, Overkemping, S, Paiano, M, Palatiello, D, Paneque, R, Paoletti, J M, Paredes, X, Paredes-Fortuny, M, Persic, J, Poutanen, P G, Prada Moroni, E, Prandini, I, Puljak, R, Reinthal, W, Rhode, M, Ribó, J, Rico, J, Rodriguez Garcia, S, Rügamer, T, Saito, K, Saito, K, Satalecka, V, Scalzotto, V, Scapin, C, Schultz, T, Schweizer, S N, Shore, A, Sillanpää, J, Sitarek, I, Snidaric, D, Sobczynska, F, Spanier, V, Stamatescu, A, Stamerra, T, Steinbring, J, Storz, M, Strzys, L, Takalo, H, Takami, F, Tavecchio, P, Temnikov, T, Terzić, D, Tescaro, M, Teshima, J, Thaele, O, Tibolla, D F, Torres, T, Toyama, A, Treves, M, Uellenbeck, P, Vogler, R, Zanin, M, Kadler, R, Schulz, E, Ros, U, Bach, F, Krauß, and J, Wilms
Abstract: Supermassive black holes with masses of millions to billions of solar masses are commonly found in the centers of galaxies. Astronomers seek to image jet formation using radio interferometry but still suffer from insufficient angular resolution. An alternative method to resolve small structures is to measure the time variability of their emission. Here we report on gamma-ray observations of the radio galaxy IC 310 obtained with the MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes, revealing variability with doubling time scales faster than 4.8 min. Causality constrains the size of the emission region to be smaller than 20% of the gravitational radius of its central black hole. We suggest that the emission is associated with pulsar-like particle acceleration by the electric field across a magnetospheric gap at the base of the radio jet.
Published: 2014

41. Discovery of very high energy gamma-ray emission from the blazar 1ES 0033+595 by the MAGIC telescopes

Author: T. Steinbring, A. González Muñoz, Natalia Lewandowska, D. Hildebrand, A. La Barbera, Daniela Dorner, X. Paredes-Fortuny, A. De Angelis, F. Borracci, M. Uellenbeck, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, S. Partini, S. Buson, Aaron Dominguez, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, K. Saito, U. Menzel, M. Gaug, J. Becerra González, Mario Meucci, Jelena Aleksić, R. López-Coto, Julian Sitarek, J. Hose, Daniela Hadasch, K. Nishijima, Takashi Saito, A. Niedzwiecki, J. Herrera, T. Toyama, Koji Noda, Giacomo Bonnoli, D. Dominis Prester, Reiko Orito, Diego F. Torres, Thomas Bretz, K. Frantzen, David Paneque, Elisa Bernardini, S. N. Shore, D. Nakajima, G. Maneva, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, R. Zanin, A. Saggion, P. G. Prada Moroni, M. Garczarczyk, Tihomir Surić, D. Carreto Fidalgo, Martin Makariev, M. I. Martínez, A. Borghese, E. Prandini, Oscar Blanch, O. Tibolla, V. Kadenius, P. Temnikov, Adrian Biland, Francisco Prada, S. Paiano, Lluis Font, Karl Mannheim, M. Hayashida, Victor Stamatescu, J. Krause, A. Herrero, B. De Lotto, J. Rico, Alicia López-Oramas, Stefano Covino, A. Sillanpää, K. Berger, M. Doert, C. Delgado Mendez, V. Tronconi, Hajime Takami, I. Lozano, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, G. De Caneva, S. Bonnefoy, Wolfgang Rhode, Aldo Treves, Sabrina Einecke, S. R. Gozzini, Robert Wagner, J. Rodriguez Garcia, Felix Spanier, W. Idec, P. Munar-Adrover, M. Palatiello, Francesco Dazzi, Masahiro Teshima, S. Sun, Christian Fruck, Daniel Ferenc, D. Tescaro, Yusuke Konno, Silvia Preziuso, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, P. Da Vela, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, Saverio Lombardi, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, E. Colombo, Julia Thaele, Daniel Mazin, Fabio Zandanel, Marc Ribó, L. O. Takalo, P. Bangale, Jose Miguel Miranda, R. Reinthal, Dominik Elsaesser, Hidetoshi Kubo, U. Barres de Almeida, Damir Lelas, R. Mirzoyan, M. V. Fonseca, P. Antoranz, Dorota Sobczyńska, D. Eisenacher, L. A. Antonelli, J. A. Barrio, E. Carmona, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Emanuele Paolo Farina, Nina Nowak, T. Schweizer, S. Rügamer, Tomislav Terzić, Patrick Vogler, I. Snidaric, Hanna Kellermann, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, E. Lorenz, Massimo Persic, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, K. Kodani, J. Storz, Stefano Ansoldi, Riccardo Paoletti, J. Kushida, Jose Luis Contreras, Juan Cortina, D. Garrido Terrats, V. Scalzotto, Ana Babić, Kari Nilsson, and Abelardo Moralejo
Subjects: BL Lacertae objects: individual: (1ES 0033+595), Gamma-rays: galaxies, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.HE, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, individual: (1ES 0033 595), gamma-rays: galaxies [BL Lacertae objects], Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, BL Lacertae objects: individual: (1ES 0033 595), 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, 0103 physical sciences, MAGIC (telescope), education, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), education.field_of_study, ta115, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, galaxies: BL Lacertae objects: individual (1ES 0033+595), gamma rays: galaxies, Compton scattering, Astronomy, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Extragalactic background light, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), ddc:520, Spectral energy distribution, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 446 (1), ISSN:0035-8711, ISSN:1365-2966, ISSN:1365-8711
Published: 2014
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42. MAGIC search for vhe γ-ray emission from ae aquarii in a multiwavelength context

Author: D. Nakajima, P. G. Prada Moroni, Laura Maraschi, Yusuke Konno, A. López-Oramas, Alessandro Carosi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Victor Stamatescu, B. Biasuzzi, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, D. Dorner, I. Snidaric, Jose Miguel Miranda, M. Bogosavljevic, E. Lorenz, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Hajime Takami, Z. Ioannou, Tomislav Terzić, Ll. Font, A.-K. Overkemping, Elina Lindfors, M. López, Julia Thaele, E. Carmona, Daniel Mazin, A. Treves, K. Nishijima, M. V. Fonseca, Abelardo Moralejo, Patrick Vogler, M. Mariotti, Thomas Bretz, S. Rügamer, Julian Sitarek, Saverio Lombardi, T. Steinbring, Louis Antonelli, Morihiro Hayashida, P. Da Vela, Pierre Colin, K. Nilsson, J. Kushida, D. Hadasch, Dorothee Hildebrand, P. Antoranz, Robert Wagner, G. De Caneva, J. Becerra González, S. Bonnefoy, C. Schultz, X. Paredes-Fortuny, T. Toyama, Dario Hrupec, R. Paoletti, P. Munar-Adrover, Razmik Mirzoyan, M. Palatiello, I. Lozano, M. Strzys, Jose Luis Contreras, Jelena Aleksić, Silvia Preziuso, Damir Lelas, D. Galindo, D. Dominis Prester, R. Zanin, A. Niedzwiecki, A. Saggion, A. De Angelis, A. Sillanpää, Stefano Covino, Dorota Sobczyńska, V. Scapin, Juan Cortina, K. Frantzen, David Paneque, A. Biland, Diego F. Torres, Masahiro Teshima, Christopher W. Mauche, Takashi Saito, E. de Ona Wilhelmi, Y. Hanabata, D. Tescaro, W. Idec, J. M. Paredes, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, D. Garrido Terrats, R. Reinthal, M. Uellenbeck, Natalia Lewandowska, Reiko Orito, Francesco Dazzi, V. Scalzotto, A. La Barbera, T. Schweizer, Ana Babić, E. V. Palaiologou, Leo O. Takalo, R. J. García López, Antonio Stamerra, Oscar Blanch, Petar Temnikov, Koji Noda, J. Herrera, Elisa Bernardini, H. Kellermann, G. Bonnoli, N. Mankuzhiyil, W. Rhode, Felix Spanier, K. Kodani, C. Delgado Mendez, O. Tibolla, G. Maneva, A. González Muñoz, Christian Fruck, J. Storz, Juan Abel Barrio, I. Puljak, Stefano Ansoldi, D. Eisenacher, Markus Gaug, Markus Garczarczyk, Nina Nowak, D. Elsaesser, J. Hose, B. De Lotto, Elisa Prandini, M. Makariev, W. Bednarek, J. Rico, S. Paiano, U. Menzel, Miguel A. Pérez-Torres, M. I. Martínez, E. Colombo, P. Bangale, V. Kadenius, M. Doert, Sabrina Einecke, S. R. Gozzini, J. Rodriguez Garcia, K. Saito, Marc Ribó, Hidetoshi Kubo, F. Borracci, K. Mallot, T. Tuominen, Massimo Persic, K. Mannheim, J. Krause, and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: accretion: accretion disks, Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Novae: cataclysmic variables, Gamma rays: stars, Astrofísica, Accretion, Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Signal region, Cataclysmic variable star, Astrophysics, Noves (Estels), Raigs gamma, Coincident, Accretion, accretion disks, Novae, cataclysmic variables, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, New stars, Novae, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, astro-ph.HE, cataclysmic variables, Spectral index, accretion disks, Gamma rays, Gamma ray, Stars, Estels, Wavelength, 13. Climate action, ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Rayleigh test, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: It has been claimed that the nova-like cataclysmic variable (CV) AE Aquarii (AE Aqr) is a very-high-energy (VHE, $E>$100 GeV) source both on observational and theoretical grounds. We aim to search for VHE gamma-ray emission from AE Aqr during different states of the source at several wavelengths to confirm or rule out previous claims of detection of gamma-ray emission from this object. We report on observations of AE Aqr performed by MAGIC. The source was observed during 12 hours as part of a multiwavelength campaign carried out between May and June 2012 covering the optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray ranges. Besides MAGIC, the other facilities involved were the KVA, Skinakas, and Vidojevica telescopes in the optical and Swift in X-rays. We calculated integral upper limits coincident with different states of the source in the optical. We computed upper limits to the pulsed emission limiting the signal region to 30% of the phaseogram and we also searched for pulsed emission at different frequencies applying the Rayleigh test. AE Aqr was not detected at VHE energies during the multiwavelength campaign. We establish integral upper limits at the 95\% confidence level for the steady emission assuming the differential flux proportional to a power-law function d\phi/dE \propto E^{-Gamma}, with a Crab-like photon spectral index of Gamma=2.6. The upper limit above 200 GeV is 6.4\times10^{-12} cm^{-2}s^{-1} and above 1 TeV is 7.4\times10^{-13} cm^{-2}s^{-1}. We obtained an upper limit for the pulsed emission of 2.6\times10^{-12} cm^{-2}s^{-1} for energies above 200 GeV. Applying the Rayleigh test for pulsed emission at different frequencies we did not find any significant signal. Our results indicate that AE Aqr is not a VHE gamma-ray emitter at the level of emission previously claimed. We have established the most constraining upper limits for the VHE gamma-ray emission of AE Aqr., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2014
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43. Optimized dark matter searches in deep observations of Segue 1 with MAGIC

Author: M. V. Fonseca, L. Maraschi, M. Palatiello, Daniel Ferenc, Antonio Stamerra, Christian Fruck, Juan Abel Barrio, I. Puljak, J. Kushida, K. Kodani, Mosè Mariotti, Abelardo Moralejo, A.-K. Overkemping, Stefano Covino, Jose Luis Contreras, Oscar Blanch, Tomislav Terzić, Francesco Dazzi, Daniela Dorner, Juan Cortina, T. Steinbring, J. Storz, R. J. García López, Fabio Zandanel, G. Bonnoli, Shan Sun, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, R. Zanin, P. Da Vela, Robert Wagner, D. Hadasch, A. Saggion, Tihomir Surić, D. Carreto Fidalgo, Jelena Aleksić, D. Tescaro, A. Niedzwiecki, Adrian Biland, David Paneque, B. De Lotto, Saverio Lombardi, D. Garrido Terrats, K. Frantzen, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, X. Paredes-Fortuny, D. Dominis Prester, Damir Lelas, D. Nakajima, Louis Antonelli, Elina Lindfors, Karl Mannheim, P. Munar-Adrover, P. G. Prada Moroni, Daniel Mazin, A. De Angelis, V. Scalzotto, Stefano Ansoldi, Konstancja Satalecka, Silvia Preziuso, Riccardo Paoletti, Markus Gaug, S. Rügamer, Michele Doro, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Dario Hrupec, Aaron Dominguez, Marc Ribó, A. López-Oramas, M. Uellenbeck, Dorothee Hildebrand, Ana Babić, G. De Caneva, R. Reinthal, Alessandro Carosi, P. Antoranz, Hidetoshi Kubo, S. Bonnefoy, Ruben Lopez-Coto, J. Becerra González, Petar Temnikov, J. M. Paredes, J. Hose, Diego F. Torres, Jose Miguel Miranda, Kari Nilsson, M. López, Dorota Sobczyńska, Elisa Bernardini, D. Elsaesser, T. Schweizer, H. Kellermann, Yusuke Konno, O. Tibolla, U. Barres de Almeida, Mario Meucci, K. Berger, I. Lozano, M. Salvati, F. Borracci, W. Idec, R. K. Bock, Emanuele Paolo Farina, A. Sillanpää, M. Doert, Takashi Saito, Masahiro Teshima, Alejandro Ibarra, E. Colombo, Hajime Takami, Reiko Orito, G. Maneva, C. Delgado Mendez, Felix Spanier, Natalia Lewandowska, K. Saito, Julian Sitarek, Pierre Colin, Julia Thaele, Aldo Treves, L. O. Takalo, A. La Barbera, E. Carmona, M. I. Martínez, Kazuyoshi Nishijima, M. Hayashida, P. Bangale, Gianluca Giavitto, A. González Muñoz, V. Kadenius, Sabrina Einecke, S. R. Gozzini, Francisco Prada, J. Rodriguez Garcia, M. Makariev, J. Rico, Victor Stamatescu, U. Menzel, Simona Paiano, Thomas Bretz, R. Mirzoyan, Wolfgang Rhode, J. Krause, K. Mallot, Massimo Persic, Takeshi Toyama, I. Snidaric, D. Eisenacher, Markus Garczarczyk, Nina Nowak, E. Lorenz, W. Bednarek, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Ll. Font, Elisa Prandini, Patrick Vogler, A. Herrero, S. Partini, Universitat de Barcelona, and SCOAP
Subjects: Astrofísica, Particle physics, Electromagnetic spectrum, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, dark matter, indirect searches, gamma-ray experiments, Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes, dwarf spheroidal galaxies, Segue 1, Gamma ray experiments, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, Gamma ray astronomy, Satellite galaxy, Astronomia de raigs gamma, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, Dwarf galaxies, Dwarf galaxy, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Annihilation, Telescopis, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Bremsstrahlung, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Segue, Galaxies, dwarfs galaxies, Galàxies, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Dark matter experiments, Dark matter (Astronomy), dark matter experiments, gamma ray experiments, Monochromatic color, Matèria fosca (Astronomia), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Telescopes
Abstract: Aleksic, J. et al., We present the results of stereoscopic observations of the satellite galaxy Segue 1 with the MAGIC Telescopes, carried out between 2011 and 2013. With almost 160 hours of good-quality data, this is the deepest observational campaign on any dwarf galaxy performed so far in the very high energy range of the electromagnetic spectrum. We search this large data sample for signals of dark matter particles in the mass range between 100 GeV and 20 TeV. For this we use the full likelihood analysis method, which provides optimal sensitivity to characteristic gamma-ray spectral features, like those expected from dark matter annihilation or decay. In particular, we focus our search on gamma-rays produced from different final state Standard Model particles, annihilation with internal bremsstrahlung, monochromatic lines and box-shaped signals. Our results represent the most stringent constraints to the annihilation cross-section or decay lifetime obtained from observations of satellite galaxies, for masses above few hundred GeV. In particular, our strongest limit (95% confidence level) corresponds to a ~ 500 GeV dark matter particle annihilating into τ+τ−, and is of order langleσannvrangle simeq 1.2 × 10−24 cm3 s−1 — a factor ~ 40 above the langleσannvrangle simeq thermal value., The support of the German BMBF and MPG, the Italian INFN, the Swiss National Fund SNF, and the Spanish MICINN is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also supported by the CPAN CSD2007-00042 and MultiDark CSD2009-00064 projects of the Spanish Consolider- Ingenio 2010 programme, by grant 127740 of the Academy of Finland, by the DFG Cluster of Excellence “Origin and Structure of the Universe”, by the Croatian Science Foundation Project 09/176, by the DFG Collaborative Research Centers SFB823/C4 and SFB876/C3, and by the Polish MNiSzW grant 745/N-HESS-MAGIC/2010/0.
Published: 2014
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44. MAGIC long-term study of the distant TeV blazar PKS 1424+240 in a multiwavelength context

Author: Aaron Dominguez, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, P. G. Prada Moroni, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Anthony C. S. Readhead, A. González Muñoz, Hajime Takami, O. Tibolla, A. De Angelis, A. Treves, Saverio Lombardi, Daniela Dorner, Daniel Ferenc, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, M. Gaug, J. Herrera, Koji Noda, Hanna Kellermann, Elisa Bernardini, G. Maneva, R. Zanin, A. Saggion, S. Partini, Antonio Stamerra, S. N. Shore, K. Kodani, Adrian Biland, Victor Stamatescu, C. Delgado Mendez, J. Rico, P. Temnikov, Stefano Covino, J. Storz, Nina Nowak, Fabio Zandanel, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, S. Sun, Jari Kotilainen, Julian Sitarek, S. Bonnefoy, D. Tescaro, C. Fruck, T. Toyama, M. Palatiello, Dario Gasparrini, D. Eisenacher, T. Schweizer, Stefano Ansoldi, M. Uellenbeck, Francesco Dazzi, Riccardo Paoletti, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, A. K. Furniss, Oscar Blanch, J. L. Richards, Elina Lindfors, K. Mallot, Daniel Mazin, R. J. García López, Matthew L. Lister, Konstancja Satalecka, E. Prandini, Michele Doro, Talvikki Hovatta, G. De Caneva, G. Bonnoli, M. Doert, Massimo Persic, P. Da Vela, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, M. Makariev, D. Nakajima, Robert Wagner, R. Reinthal, Razmik Mirzoyan, U. Barres de Almeida, U. Menzel, Jelena Aleksić, Damir Lelas, I. Lozano, D. Hildebrand, W. Idec, M. V. Fonseca, A. Niedzwiecki, Vasiliki Pavlidou, Dorota Sobczyńska, David Paneque, Anne Lähteenmäki, A. Sillanpää, Masahiro Teshima, K. Nishijima, K. Saito, Tuomas Kangas, Takashi Saito, Dario Hrupec, D. Dominis Prester, D. Hadasch, M. I. Martínez, P. Bangale, Francisco Prada, Reiko Orito, Sabrina Einecke, S. R. Gozzini, J. Rodriguez Garcia, E. Colombo, Louis Antonelli, Felix Spanier, L. O. Takalo, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, X. Paredes-Fortuny, P. Munar-Adrover, Silvia Preziuso, M. A. Lopez, P. Antoranz, Natalia Lewandowska, A. La Barbera, Yusuke Konno, Julia Thaele, J. Becerra González, Mario Meucci, K. Frantzen, Tihomir Surić, D. Carreto Fidalgo, J. M. Paredes, V. Kadenius, S. Paiano, Karl Mannheim, M. Hayashida, Alicia López-Oramas, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, Marc Ribó, Diego F. Torres, Hidetoshi Kubo, Abelardo Moralejo, J. Hose, T. Steinbring, D. Elsaesser, A. Herrero, Emanuele Paolo Farina, S. Cutini, Kari Nilsson, Thomas Bretz, J. Kushida, Jose Luis Contreras, Juan Cortina, F. Borracci, D. Garrido Terrats, V. Scalzotto, Ana Babić, Walter Max-Moerbeck, Wolfgang Rhode, Alessandro Carosi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Jose Miguel Miranda, W. Bednarek, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Ll. Font, I. Snidaric, E. Lorenz, Patrick Vogler, Erkki Kankare, L. Maraschi, Tomislav Terzić, Universitat de Barcelona, Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, and Anne Lähteenmäki Group
Subjects: Astrofísica, PARTICLE-ACCELERATION, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, Spectral line, Raigs gamma, Gamma rays: galaxies, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, MAGIC (telescope), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, 213 Electronic, automation and communications engineering, electronics, BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS, EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT, GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, LAC OBJECTS, X-RAY, FERMI OBSERVATIONS, Gamma ray, Extragalactic background light, galaxies [gamma rays], astro-ph.CO, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, 1171 Geosciences, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, gamma rays: observations, blazar, BL Lac: AGNs: individual (PKS 1424+240), 114 Physical sciences, Nucli galàctic actiu, Blazar, Active galactic nuclei, Telescopis, 221 Nanotechnology, Gamma rays, Light curve, Redshift, individual: PKS 1424+240 [BL Lacertae objects], 115 Astronomy and space science, 216 Materials engineering, ddc:520, Telescopes
Abstract: We present a study of the very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission of the blazar PKS 1424+240 observed with the MAGIC telescopes. The primary aim of this paper is the multiwavelength spectral characterization and modeling of this blazar, which is made particularly interesting by the recent discovery of a lower limit of its redshift of z > 0.6 and makes it a promising candidate to be the most distant VHE source. The source has been observed with the MAGIC telescopes in VHE gamma rays for a total observation time of ~33.6 h from 2009 to 2011. The source was marginally detected in VHE gamma rays during 2009 and 2010, and later, the detection was confirmed during an optical outburst in 2011. The combined significance of the stacked sample is ~7.2 sigma. The differential spectra measured during the different campaigns can be described by steep power laws with the indices ranging from 3.5 +/- 1.2 to 5.0 +/- 1.7. The MAGIC spectra corrected for the absorption due to the extragalactic background light connect smoothly, within systematic errors, with the mean spectrum in 2009-2011 observed at lower energies by the Fermi-LAT. The absorption-corrected MAGIC spectrum is flat with no apparent turn down up to 400 GeV. The multiwavelength light curve shows increasing flux in radio and optical bands that could point to a common origin from the same region of the jet. The large separation between the two peaks of the constructed non-simultaneous spectral energy distribution also requires an extremely high Doppler factor if an one zone synchrotron self-Compton model is applied. We find that a two-component synchrotron self-Compton model describes the spectral energy distribution of the source well, if the source is located at z~0.6., 15 pages, 8 figures. A&A accepted for publication
Published: 2014
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45. Detection of bridge emission above 50 GeV from the Crab pulsar with the MAGIC telescopes

Author: P. G. Prada Moroni, W. Bednarek, Pierre Colin, Diego F. Torres, D. Nakajima, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Stefano Covino, Ll. Font, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Kouichi Hirotani, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, X. Paredes-Fortuny, Dario Hrupec, R. Zanin, A. Saggion, Adrian Biland, Kazuo Saito, P. Munar-Adrover, A. Treves, R. Reinthal, Shan Sun, A. Sillanpää, Antonio Stamerra, Silvia Preziuso, M. A. Lopez, Marc Ribó, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, G. Maneva, Jelena Aleksić, Takashi Saito, A. Niedzwiecki, Abelardo Moralejo, J. Kushida, Jose Luis Contreras, J. M. Paredes, Hidetoshi Kubo, Reiko Orito, Natalia Lewandowska, U. Barres de Almeida, T. Steinbring, M. Makariev, A. Herrero, I. Puljak, M. V. Fonseca, E. Lorenz, M. Uellenbeck, D. Hadasch, J. Storz, Juan Cortina, D. Paneque, G. De Caneva, A. La Barbera, J. Rico, Christian Fruck, Elina Lindfors, S. Partini, Yusuke Konno, Emanuele Paolo Farina, U. Menzel, S. Bonnefoy, M. Doert, Daniel Mazin, Simona Paiano, B. Biasuzzi, Patrick Vogler, Daniel Ferenc, Elisa Prandini, P. Da Vela, T. Schweizer, Razmik Mirzoyan, S. Rügamer, B. De Lotto, L. Maraschi, Robert Wagner, J. Krause, I. Lozano, J. Becerra González, S. Ansoldi, Damir Lelas, M. I. Martínez, P. Bangale, V. Kadenius, Tomislav Terzić, D. Tescaro, G. Bonnoli, Hajime Takami, C. Delgado Mendez, Dorota Sobczyńska, Sabrina Einecke, Oscar Blanch, M. Hayashida, S. R. Gozzini, R. J. García López, N. Nowak, Kari Nilsson, Masahiro Teshima, Juan Abel Barrio, J. Rodriguez Garcia, Riccardo Paoletti, Markus Gaug, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, J. Hose, D. Garrido Terrats, Daniela Dorner, Takeshi Toyama, K. Mallot, W. Rhode, V. Scalzotto, D. Eisenacher, I. Šnidarić, K. Frantzen, M. Palatiello, Markus Garczarczyk, D. Elsaesser, Massimo Persic, Ana Babić, Petar Temnikov, Koji Noda, Elisa Bernardini, H. Kellermann, A. González Muñoz, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Jose Carlos Herrera, Francesco Dazzi, A. López-Oramas, Karl Mannheim, Alessandro Carosi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Jose Miguel Miranda, F. Borracci, T. Surić, Julia Thaele, E. Carmona, D. Fidalgo, Dorothee Hildebrand, P. Antoranz, M. Strzys, Julian Sitarek, Victor Stamatescu, Felix Spanier, K. Nishijima, D. Dominis Prester, Omar Tibolla, Louis Antonelli, A. De Angelis, K. Kodani, W. Idec, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, Saverio Lombardi, E. Colombo, L. O. Takalo, and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: Astrofísica, Spectral shape analysis, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Theoretical models, FOS: Physical sciences, Gamma rays: stars, Pulsars: individual: Crab pulsar, Stars: neutron, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics, Spectral line, Raigs gamma, MAGIC (telescope), Connection (algebraic framework), pulsars: individual: Crab pulsar, gamma rays: stars, Pulsars, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Telescopis, Crab Pulsar, Gamma rays, Light curve, Stars, Púlsars, Estels, ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Telescopes, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: The Crab pulsar is the only astronomical pulsed source detected at very high energy (VHE, E>100GeV) gamma-rays. The emission mechanism of VHE pulsation is not yet fully understood, although several theoretical models have been proposed. In order to test the new models, we measured the light curve and the spectra of the Crab pulsar with high precision by means of deep observations. We analyzed 135 hours of selected MAGIC data taken between 2009 and 2013 in stereoscopic mode. In order to discuss the spectral shape in connection with lower energies, 4.6 years of {\it Fermi}-LAT data were also analyzed. The known two pulses per period were detected with a significance of $8.0 \sigma$ and $12.6 \sigma$. In addition, significant emission was found between the two pulses with $6.2 \sigma$. We discovered the bridge emission above 50 GeV between the two main pulses. This emission can not be explained with the existing theories. These data can be used for testing new theoretical models., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2014
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46. Contemporaneous observations of the radio galaxy NGC 1275 from radio to very high energy gamma-rays

Author: M. Palatiello, A. La Barbera, R. Zanin, X. Paredes-Fortuny, A. Saggion, Adrian Biland, Francesco Dazzi, Abelardo Moralejo, K. Berger, M. Uellenbeck, D. Garrido Terrats, T. Schweizer, M. Salvati, A. Herrero, T. Steinbring, V. Scalzotto, J. Rico, C. Delgado Mendez, S. R. Gozzini, S. Rügamer, S. Bonnefoy, K. Frantzen, F. Borracci, Felix Spanier, Tihomir Surić, D. Carreto Fidalgo, P. Temnikov, P. Da Vela, D. Dominis Prester, D. Hildebrand, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, Dominik Elsaesser, R. Mirzoyan, Fabio Zandanel, U. Barres de Almeida, Shan Sun, P. Munar-Adrover, R. Reinthal, L. A. Antonelli, Silvia Preziuso, D. Eisenacher, W. Idec, Ana Babić, Daniela Dorner, Damir Lelas, S. Paiano, Francisco Prada, Karl Mannheim, E. Carmona, J. Kushida, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, Jose Luis Contreras, Julian Sitarek, M. Gaug, Stefano Covino, I. Lozano, E. Colombo, K. Saito, J. Hose, Dorota Sobczyńska, Juan Cortina, Daniela Hadasch, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, M. Doert, J. A. Barrio, A. De Angelis, A. López-Oramas, Thomas Bretz, Alessandro Carosi, Ralph Bock, Daniel Ferenc, Barbara Balmaverde, M. V. Fonseca, S. N. Shore, L. O. Takalo, D. Nakajima, T. Toyama, Masahiro Teshima, J. Becerra González, L. Font, Massimo Persic, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Nikola Godinovic, A. Sillanpää, Benito Marcote, Elisa Bernardini, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Mario Meucci, Wolfgang Rhode, D. Tescaro, P. G. Prada Moroni, M. I. Martínez, G. Maneva, Hanna Kellermann, Giacomo Bonnoli, U. Menzel, Jose Miguel Miranda, I. Snidaric, Saverio Lombardi, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, Diego F. Torres, V. Kadenius, O. Tibolla, R. Rekola, L. Maraschi, Sabrina Einecke, Kari Nilsson, Tomislav Terzić, Gianluca Giavitto, Reiko Orito, A. González Muñoz, M. Garczarczyk, Elina Lindfors, Daniel Mazin, J. Rodriguez Garcia, S. Partini, Nina Nowak, E. Lorenz, G. De Caneva, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, Patrick Vogler, Aaron Dominguez, Christian Fruck, Dario Hrupec, W. Bednarek, M. A. Lopez, E. Prandini, Aldo Treves, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, P. Antoranz, M. L. Knoetig, Julia Thaele, Stefano Ansoldi, Riccardo Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, Jun Kataoka, Antonio Stamerra, A. Hadamek, Emanuele Paolo Farina, J. Storz, Robert Wagner, Y. Takahashi, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Marc Ribó, Jelena Aleksić, P. Bangale, A. Niedzwiecki, David Paneque, Victor Stamatescu, Natalia Lewandowska, and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: Astrofísica, PARTICLE-ACCELERATION, Radio galaxy, Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, MAGIC TELESCOPES, Raigs gamma, Jets (Astrofísica), Galaxies: active, Galaxies: individual: NGC 1275, Galaxies: jets, Gamma rays: galaxies, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Line-of-sight, COSMIC-RAYS, galaxies: active, galaxies: jets, galaxies: individual (NGC1275/3C 84), gamma rays: galaxies, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, PERSEUS CLUSTER, TEV EMISSION, 3C 84, CHANDRA VIEW, LAC OBJECTS, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 0103 physical sciences, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Física atmosférica, Light curve, Galaxies, Galaxy, Galàxies, Astrophysical jets, Galàxies actives, Active galaxies, ddc:520
Abstract: The radio galaxy NGC 1275, recently identified as a very high energy (VHE, >100 GeV) gamma-ray emitter by MAGIC, is one of the few non-blazar AGN detected in the VHE regime. In order to better understand the origin of the gamma-ray emission and locate it within the galaxy, we studied contemporaneous multi-frequency observations of NGC 1275 and modeled the overall spectral energy distribution (SED). We analyzed unpublished MAGIC observations carried out between Oct. 2009 and Feb. 2010, and the previously published ones taken between Aug. 2010 and Feb. 2011. We studied the multi-band variability and correlations by analyzing data of Fermi-LAT (0.1-100 GeV), as well as Chandra (X-ray), KVA (optical) and MOJAVE (radio) data taken during the same period. Using customized Monte Carlo simulations corresponding to early MAGIC stereo data, we detect NGC 1275 also in the earlier campaign. The flux level and energy spectra are similar to the results of the second campaign. The monthly light curve >100 GeV shows a hint of variability at the 3.6 sigma level. In the Fermi-LAT band, both flux and spectral shape variabilities are reported. The optical light curve is variable and shows a clear correlation with the gamma-ray flux >100 MeV. In radio, 3 compact components are resolved in the innermost part of the jet. One of them shows a similar trend as the LAT and KVA light curves. The 0.1-650 GeV spectra measured simultaneously with MAGIC and Fermi-LAT can be well fitted either by a log-parabola or by a power-law with a sub-exponential cutoff for both campaigns. A single-zone synchrotron-self-Compton model, with an electron spectrum following a power-law with an exponential cutoff, can explain the broadband SED and the multi-band behavior of the source. However, this model suggests an untypical low bulk-Lorentz factor or a velocity alignment closer to the line of sight than the pc-scale radio jet., 14 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2014
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47. Search for VHE gamma-ray emission from Geminga pulsar and nebula with the MAGIC telescopes

Author: J. Palacio, S. Bonnefoy, R. Mirzoyan, Dario Hrupec, Daniela Dorner, Dariusz Gora, Gaia Vanzo, A. De Angelis, Marina Manganaro, Jose Luis Contreras, Vitaly Neustroev, J. E. Ward, Giacomo Bonnoli, F. Di Pierro, D. Fidalgo, Ignasi Reichardt, M. Gaug, D. Dominis Prester, K. Frantzen, G. Pedaletti, Thomas Bretz, E. Moretti, B. De Lotto, Miriam Lucio Martinez, Juan Cortina, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, R. Clavero, D. Galindo, D. Nakajima, Stefano Covino, Juri Poutanen, Tihomir Surić, J. Herrera, Sara Buson, D. Eisenacher Glawion, Arka Chatterjee, P. G. Prada Moroni, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, Y. Hanabata, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Nikola Godinovic, Tomoki Saito, D. Tescaro, Benito Marcote, Junko Kushida, P. Da Vela, Koji Noda, G. Maneva, Ll. Font, P. Antoranz, S. Paiano, M. Lopez, Wolfgang Rhode, G. Hughes, Elisa Bernardini, Adrian Biland, S. N. Shore, Marcel Strzys, I. Snidaric, Karl Mannheim, M. Garczarczy, Tomislav Terzić, Martin Makariev, V. Fallah Ramazani, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Martin Will, M. Peresano, Julian Sitarek, Oscar Blanch, L. Maraschi, J. Rico, R. López-Coto, J. Hose, F. Borracci, Daniel Mazin, K. Nishijima, Daniela Hadasch, C. Fruck, F. Longo, Yusuke Konno, A. Niedzwiecki, P. Colin, Ievgen Vovk, T. Toyama, Masahiro Teshima, L. Nogués, A. González Muñoz, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, B. Biasuzzi, David Paneque, C. Schultz, T. Schweizer, A. Sillanpää, M. Doert, M. H. Wu, Alexander Hahn, D. Guberman, E. Lindfors, U. Menzel, W. Idec, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, A. La Barbera, Michele Palatiello, Wlodek Bednarek, P. Temnikov, Max Ludwig Ahnen, Juan Abel Barrio, X. Paredes-Fortuny, D. Garrido Terrats, Diego F. Torres, Francesco Dazzi, A. Fernández-Barral, Julia Thaele, Saverio Lombardi, Massimo Persic, Aaron Dominguez, K. Nilsson, Jose Miguel Miranda, M. Nievas Rosillo, Stefano Ansoldi, P. Giammaria, E. Colombo, Abelardo Moralejo, L. O. Takalo, Ana Babić, R. Paoletti, T. Steinbring, J. Becerra González, Alessio Berti, L. A. Antonelli, K. Kodani, Ivica Puljak, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, L. M. Perri, Roberta Zanin, Sabrina Einecke, J. Rodriguez Garcia, A. Carosi, Dominik Elsaesser, U. Barres de Almeida, Damir Lelas, Dorota Sobczyńska, E. Prandini, Aldo Treves, M. Hayashida, Marc Ribó, P. Bangale, Hidetoshi Kubo, Vassil Verguilov, B. Banerjee, Universitat de Barcelona, Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., De Almeida, U. Barre, Barrio, J. A., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Berti, Alessio, Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S, Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Buson, S., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., De Oña Wilhelmi, E., Di Pierro, F., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Prester, D. Domini, Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Glawion, D. Eisenacher, Elsaesser, D., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fernández Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Terrats, D. Garrido, Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., Muñoz, A. González, Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., López Coto, R., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Rosillo, M. Nieva, Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogués, L., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, Michele, Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Pedaletti, G., Peresano, M., Perri, L., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Reichardt, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Garcia, J. Rodriguez, Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Surić, T., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Vanzo, G., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., and Zanin, R.
Subjects: CRAB PULSAR, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Pulsar wind nebula, neutron stars, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, Spectral line, MAJOR UPGRADE, Raigs gamma, astroparticle physics, stars: neutron, pulsars: general, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Nebula, CURVATURE-RADIATION, Gamma ray, CATALOG, astroparticle physics, neutron stars , pulsars, Geminga, Geminga, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Current generation, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, general [Pulsars], FOS: Physical sciences, Astroparticle physic, Nebulae, HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION, RAPIDLY SPINNING PULSARS, 1E 0630+178, SLOT GAPS, MODEL, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Cherenkov radiation, Telescopis, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, neutron [Stars], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astroparticle physics, Pulsars: general, Stars: neutron, Space and Planetary Science, pulsars, ddc:520, Nebuloses, Telescopes
Abstract: Astronomy and astrophysics 591, A138(2016). doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527722, The Geminga pulsar, one of the brighest gamma-ray sources, is a promising candidate for emission of very-high-energy (VHE > 100 GeV) pulsed gamma rays. Also, detection of a large nebula has been claimed by water Cherenkov instruments. We performed deep observations of Geminga with the MAGIC telescopes, yielding 63 h of good-quality data, and searched for emission from the pulsar and pulsar wind nebula. We did not find any significant detection, and derived 95% confidence level upper limits. The resulting upper limits of 5.3 × 10$^{-13}$ TeV cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ for the Geminga pulsar and 3.5 × 10$^{-12}$ TeV cm$^{-2} s$^{-1}$ for the surrounding nebula at 50 GeV are the mostconstraining ones obtained so far at VHE. To complement the VHE observations, we also analyzed 5 yr of Fermi-LAT data from Geminga, finding that the sub-exponential cut-off is preferred over the exponential cut-off that has been typically used in the literature. We also find that, above 10 GeV, the gamma-ray spectra from Geminga can be described with a power law with index softer than 5. The extrapolation of the power-law Fermi-LAT pulsed spectra to VHE goes well below the MAGIC upper limits, indicating that the detection of pulsed emission from Geminga with the current generation of Cherenkov telescopes is very difficult., Published by EDP Sciences, Les Ulis
Published: 2016
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48. Low voltage ridge guide LiNbO3 Mach-Zehnder modulator

Author: M. Garcia-Granda, Hui Hu, J. Rodriguez-Garcia, and Wolfgang Sohler
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Bandwidth (signal processing), Lithium niobate, Optical communication, Electro-optic modulator, Microwave transmission, Interferometry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, Optoelectronics, business, Low voltage, Voltage
Abstract: Mach-Zehnder type interferometric (MZI) modulators based on lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ) are key components in today's optical communication systems. Despite their excellent properties, future optical networks will require devices of lower drive voltage (V π ) and even higher bandwidth capability (40 GHz or higher). In particular, values of V π ≤ 2 V would allow using much cheaper driving electronics. This was our motivation to develop MZI modulators with two novel characteristics: (i) the whole interferometer including Y-junctions consists of low loss ridge waveguides of strong light confinement [1]; (ii) a special electrode structure — designed for high bandwidth operation - enables low drive voltages.
Published: 2009
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49. Large integration of wind power: the Spanish experience

Author: T. Dominguez, L. Imaz, J. Rodriguez-Garcia, and J.F. Alonso
Subjects: Engineering, Wind power, Power system security, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Electrical engineering, Power (physics), Electric power system, Offshore wind power, Power quality, Quality (business), Telecommunications, business, Economic forecasting, media_common
Abstract: There are over 11000 MW of installed wind power in the Spanish Electrical System. This amount of installed power, compared with a load peak around 43700 MW, has a big impact on system operation. The already collected real-time experience and the events experienced have created an interesting background for the integration of wind energy without jeopardising the actual levels of quality and allowing the achievement of the national and European environmental targets. This paper describes the actual situation of the integration of wind power in Spain and reports the experience and the developments put in place for a harmonized integration of wind energy.
Published: 2007
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50. VERY HIGH ENERGY γ -RAYS FROM THE UNIVERSE’S MIDDLE AGE: DETECTION OF THE z = 0.940 BLAZAR PKS 1441+25 WITH MAGIC

Author: M. Pesce Rollins, Lluis Font, Francesco Longo, Abelardo Moralejo, I. Snidaric, Thomas Bretz, M. Feige, E. Moretti, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, M. Makariev, D. Wolfert, E. Lorenz, Max Ludwig Ahnen, S. Haarto, P. Giammaria, T. Steinbring, S. Maldera, F. de Palma, D. Dominis Prester, Nicola Omodei, Marcel Strzys, P. Haeusner, R. Clavero, W. Bednarek, Fabrizio Tavecchio, R. Reinthal, R. Zanin, Elina Lindfors, D. Nakajima, Daniela Dorner, Adrian Biland, P. G. Prada Moroni, R. A. Cameron, M. Gaug, M. Caragiulo, Johan Bregeon, Saverio Lombardi, Kyoshi Nishijima, Arka Chatterjee, D. Fidalgo, U. Barres de Almeida, Damir Lelas, J. Kushida, Daniel Mazin, Igor V. Moskalenko, Olaf Reimer, Julie McEnery, Anne Lähteenmäki, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Julian Sitarek, A. López Oramas, J. Herrera, Wolfgang Rhode, J. Rico, J. Klamt, Dorota Sobczyńska, Jose Luis Contreras, Hiroyasu Tajima, X. Paredes Fortuny, Koji Noda, J. Li, A. Niedzwiecki, Masahiro Teshima, P. Bruel, E. Orlando, Yusuke Konno, T. Toyama, E. Recillas, V. Fallah Ramazani, Elisa Bernardini, K. S. Wood, Carmelo Sgrò, Riccardo Rando, Nikola Godinovic, T. Ohsugi, Eleonora Troja, Juan Cortina, D. J. Thompson, F. Di Pierro, Benito Marcote, P. Fusco, E. Colombo, Stefano Ansoldi, Ievgen Vovk, Oscar Blanch, N. Zottmann, E. Hays, Talvikki Hovatta, Riccardo Paoletti, M. Razzano, Ivica Puljak, E. Nuss, David Paneque, C. Delgado Mendez, Filippo D'Ammando, F. Piron, Pierre Colin, B. De Lotto, Stefano Covino, A. De Angelis, Luigi Pacciani, A. Treves, Vitaly Neustroev, T. Schweizer, M. Kuss, R. Bonino, J. Palacio, R. Mirzoyan, I. A. Grenier, P. Temnikov, Stefano Ciprini, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Nestor Mirabal, P. Da Vela, L. Carrasco, Marcello Giroletti, L. O. Takalo, D. Guberman, M. I. Martínez, J. M. Paredes, E. Cavazzuti, M. Mayer, Juri Poutanen, S. Rainò, Antonio Stamerra, F. Borracci, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Y. Hanabata, A. González Muñoz, G. Maneva, Marina Manganaro, P. Spinelli, S. Bonnefoy, Kari Nilsson, T. A. Porter, Gloria Spandre, J. Hose, P. Antoranz, Tomoki Saito, D. Tescaro, D. Galindo, U. Menzel, E. Prandini, M. Will, G. Chiaro, Marco Ajello, J. B. Thayer, Merja Tornikoski, F. Loparco, Markus Garczarczyk, Francesco Giordano, B. Banerjee, Sabrina Einecke, D. Elsaesser, J. W. Hewitt, R. Desiante, D. Garrido Terrats, A. Fernández Barral, Diego F. Torres, James Chiang, H. Takami, M. Palatiello, S. Buson, Alessandro Carosi, J. Rodriguez Garcia, P. Lubrano, Mislav Baloković, A. Carraminana, Konstancja Satalecka, A. Sillanpää, L. Di Venere, Dario Gasparrini, Michele Doro, Roger Blandford, Vassil Verguilov, Roopesh Ojha, L. Maraschi, Francesco Dazzi, Ana Babić, Gareth Hughes, F. Spada, Julia Thaele, Tomislav Terzić, A. Porras, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, Jose Miguel Miranda, G. A. Caliandro, A. Reimer, W. Idec, A. Hahn, E. Carmona, Stefan Larsson, J. Kania, M. Hayashida, Wu M. H., Steven N. Shore, C. Lorey, Marc Ribó, P. Bangale, E. J. Siskind, Hidetoshi Kubo, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, G. Bonnoli, F. Gargano, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, R. Lopez Coto, Massimo Persic, V. H. Chavushyan, Liang Li, Guido Barbiellini, J. León Tavares, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, K. Kodani, Reiko Orito, Aaron Dominguez, Juan Abel Barrio, Luca Baldini, J. E. Ward, Sylvain Guiriec, Mn Mazziotta, Christian Fruck, J. S. Perkins, Nicola Giglietto, B. Biasuzzi, M. N. Lovellette, P. A. Caraveo, J. Becerra González, Elisabetta Bissaldi, G. Pivato, Andrei Berdyugin, T. Jogler, Ronaldo Bellazzini, C. Schultz, Louis Antonelli, K. Frantzen, Denis Bastieri, S. Paiano, Karl Mannheim, A. La Barbera, D. Eisenacher Glawion, M. Nievas Rosillo, Universitat de Barcelona, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, ESP, AFG, ALB, DZA, AND, AGO, BGR, BFA, BDI, KHM, CMR, CAN, CPV, CS, TCD, CYM, COD, CHL, TWN, CYP, VAT, COL, COM, COG, PRK, KOR, CIV, DOM, CCK, CRI, HRV, CUB, DNK, DMA, ECU, EGY, SLV, ARE, CHN, ERI, AIA, EST, ETH, FJI, PHL, FIN, GAB, GMB, GAZA, ZAF, GEO, COK, GHA, JAM, JPN, GIB, DJI, JOR, GRC, REU, GRD, GRL, GLP, FRO, GUM, GTM, GIN, GNB, GNQ, GUI, ROU, GUY, GUF, HTI, HND, FLK, HKG, IND, IDN, IRN, MNP, RWA, MHL, MUS, UMI, SLB, TCA, VIR, ATA, VGB, ISR, KAZ, RUS, KGZ, KIR, SCG, KWT, LAO, LSO, LVA, ATG, LBN, LBR, ESH, LBY, LIE, LTU, LUX, MAC, MKD, MDG, MWI, ANT, MDV, AUS, MYS, MLI, MLT, MAR, MTQ, MRT, MYT, MEX, MDA, SAU, IRQ, MCO, MNG, MSR, MOZ, MMR, NAM, NRU, NPL, NIC, NER, KNA, ARG, NGA, NIU, NOR, NCL, NZL, OMN, NLD, PAK, PLW, SPM, PAN, ARM, PNG, PRY, PER, PCN, PYF, POL, PRI, PRT, VCT, QAT, CZE, ABW, CAF, ASM, WSM, SMR, LCA, SHN, STP, SEN, IRL, AUT, SYC, SLE, SGP, SYR, SVK, SVN, SOM, LKA, ISL, FSM, AZE, SGS, SDN, SUR, SJM, SWE, CHE, SWZ, TJK, BVT, TZA, IOT, BHS, ATF, PSE, THA, TLS, TGO, TKL, TON, MAN, TTO, TUN, TUR, BHR, TKM, TUV, UKR, UGA, HUN, URY, CXR, UZB, VUT, VEN, VNM, BGD, WLF, YEM, ZMB, ZWE, BRB, HMD, BEL, BLZ, BEN, BMU, BTN, BLR, BOL, BIH, BWA, BRA, NFK, BRN, Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., De Almeida, U. Barre, Barrio, J. A., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., De Oña Wilhelmi, E., Mendez, C. Delgado, Di Pierro, F., Prester, D. Domini, Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Glawion, D. Eisenacher, Elsaesser, D., Fernández Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Terrats, D. Garrido, Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., Muñoz, A. González, Guberman, D., Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., López, M., López Coto, R., López Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Rosillo, M. Nieva, Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Garcia, J. Rodriguez, Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., González, J. Becerra, Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bonino, R., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Chiang, J., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., D'Ammando, F., De Palma, F., Desiante, R., Di Venere, L., Domínguez, A., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Grenier, I. A., Guiriec, S., Hays, E., Hewitt, J. W., Jogler, T., Kuss, M., Larsson, S., Li, J., Li, L., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Maldera, S., Mayer, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Mirabal, N., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Nuss, E., Ojha, R., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Perkins, J. S., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Pivato, G., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Troja, E., Wood, K. S., Balokovic, M., Berdyugin, A., Carraminana, A., Carrasco, L., Chavushyan, V., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Feige, M., Haarto, S., Haeusner, P., Hovatta, T., Kania, J., Klamt, J., Lähteenmäki, A., Leon Tavares, J., Lorey, C., Pacciani, L., Porras, A., Recillas, E., Reinthal, R., Tornikoski, M., Wolfert, D., Zottmann, N., Ahnen ML, Ansoldi S, Antonelli LA, Antoranz P, Babic A, Banerjee B, Bangale P, De Almeida UB, Barrio JA, Bednarek W, Bernardini E, Biasuzzi B, Biland A, Blanch O, Bonnefoy S, Bonnoli G, Borracci F, Bretz T, Carmona E, Carosi A, Chatterjee A, Clavero R, Colin P, Colombo E, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Covino S, Da Vela P, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, De Lotto B, Wilhelmi ED, Mendez CD, Di Pierro F, Prester DD, Dorner D, Doro M, Einecke S, Glawion DE, Elsaesser D, Fernandez-Barral A, Fidalgo D, Fonseca MV, Font L, Frantzen K, Fruck C, Galindo D, Lopez RJG, Garczarczyk M, Terrats DG, Gaug M, Giammaria P, Godinovic N, Munoz AG, Guberman D, Hahn A, Hanabata Y, Hayashida M, Herrera J, Hose J, Hrupec D, Hughes G, Idec W, Kodani K, Konno Y, Kubo H, Kushida J, La Barbera A, Lelas D, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Lopez M, Lopez-Coto R, Lopez-Oramas A, Lorenz E, Majumdar P, Makariev M, Mallot K, Maneva G, Manganaro M, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Marcote B, Mariotti M, Martinez M, Mazin D, Menzel U, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Moralejo A, Moretti E, Nakajima D, Neustroev V, Niedzwiecki A, Rosillo M, Nilsson K, Nishijima K, Noda K, Orito R, Overkemping A, Paiano S, Palacio J, Palatiello M, Paneque D, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Paredes-Fortuny X, Persic M, Poutanen J, Moroni PGP, Prandini E, Puljak I, Rhode W, Ribo M, Rico J, Garcia JR, Saito T, Satalecka K, Schultz C, Schweizer T, Shore SN, Sillanpaa A, Sitarek J, Snidaric I, Sobczynska D, Stamerra A, Steinbring T, Strzys M, Takalo L, Takami H, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Terzic T, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Thaele J, Torres DF, Toyama T, Treves A, Verguilov V, Vovk I, Ward JE, Will M, Wu MH, Zanin R, Ajello M, Baldini L, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Gonzalez JB, Bellazzini R, Bissaldi E, Blandford RD, Bonino R, Bregeon J, Bruel P, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caragiulo M, Caraveo PA, Cavazzuti E, Chiang J, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, DAmmando F, de Palma F, Desiante R, Di Venere L, Dominguez A, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Grenier IA, Guiriec S, Hays E, Hewitt JW, Jogler T, Kuss M, Larsson S, Li J, Li L, Longo F, Loparco F, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Maldera S, Mayer M, Mazziotta MN, McEnery JE, Mirabal N, Mizuno T, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Nuss E, Ojha R, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orlando E, Perkins JS, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Pivato G, Porter TA, Raino S, Rando R, Razzano M, Reimer A, Reimer O, Sgro C, Siskind EJ, Spada F, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Thayer JB, Thompson DJ, Troja E, Wood KS, Balokovic M, Berdyugin A, Carraminana A, Carrasco L, Chavushyan V, Ramazani VF, Feige M, Haarto S, Haeusner P, Hovatta T, Kania J, Klamt J, Lahteenmaki A, Leon-Tavares J, Lorey C, Pacciani L, Porras A, Recillas E, Reinthal R, Tornikoski M, Wolfert D, and Zottmann N
Subjects: individual (PKS 1441+25) [quasars], cosmic background radiation, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, Raigs gamma, Jets (Astrofísica), galaxies: active, galaxies: jets, gamma rays: galaxies, quasars: individual (PKS 1441+25), MAGIC (telescope), Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Extragalactic background light, active [galaxies], Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, astro-ph.GA, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], cosmic background radiation – galaxies: active – galaxies: jets – gamma rays: galaxies – quasars: individual (PKS 1441+25), galaxie [gamma rays], Blazar, Quasars, Quàsars, Gamma rays, Quasar, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Astrophysical jets, jet [galaxies], 13. Climate action, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Galàxies actives, Active galaxies, ddc:520, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: The flat-spectrum radio quasar PKS 1441+25 at a redshift of z = 0.940 is detected between 40 and 250 GeV with a significance of 25.5 {\sigma} using the MAGIC telescopes. Together with the gravitationally lensed blazar QSO B0218+357 (z = 0.944), PKS 1441+25 is the most distant very high energy (VHE) blazar detected to date. The observations were triggered by an outburst in 2015 April seen at GeV energies with the Large Area Telescope on board Fermi. Multi-wavelength observations suggest a subdivision of the high state into two distinct flux states. In the band covered by MAGIC, the variability time scale is estimated to be 6.4 +/- 1.9 days. Modeling the broadband spectral energy distribution with an external Compton model, the location of the emitting region is understood as originating in the jet outside the broad line region (BLR) during the period of high activity, while being partially within the BLR during the period of low (typical) activity. The observed VHE spectrum during the highest activity is used to probe the extragalactic background light at an unprecedented distance scale for ground-based gamma-ray astronomy., Comment: Corresponding Authors: J. Becerra (josefa.becerra@nasa.gov), M. Nievas Rosillo (mnievas@ucm.es), M. Manganaro (manganaro@iac.es), F. Tavecchio (fabrizio.tavecchio@brera.inaf.it) Published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters (ApJL), 2015ApJ...815L..23A, DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/815/2/L23
Published: 2015
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