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Objective To assess if the duration and quality of sleep vary due to the presence of multimorbidity. Materials and Methods We performed a secondary analysis using data from a population-based study involving adult subjects aged between 30 and 69 years residing in a semi-urban area of Tumbes, Peru. The duration (normal, short or prolonged) and quality (good or poor) of sleep were our outcome variables, whereas the exposure was multimorbidity (two or more chronic conditions). Crude and adjusted Poisson regression models were built to assess the association of interest, and prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were reported. Results We analyzed data from 1,607 subjects with a mean age of 48.2 (standard deviation [SD]: ± 10.6) years, 809 (50.3%) of whom were women. Multimorbidity was present in 634 (39.5%; 95%CI: 37.1–41.9%) subjects, and 193 (12.1%; 95%CI: 10.5–13.7%) were short sleepers, 131 (8.2%; 95%CI: 6.9–9.6%) were long sleepers, and 312 (19.5%; 95%CI: 17.5–21.5%) had poor sleep quality. In the multivariable model, multimorbidity was associated with prolonged sleep duration (PR = 1.45; 95%CI: 1.03–2.04) and poor sleep quality (PR = 2.04; 95%CI: 1.65–2.52). Conclusions Multimorbidity was associated with prolonged, but not short, sleep duration, as well as with poor sleep quality. Our results suggest the need of assessing sleep patterns among adults with multimorbidity.

Background There is a considerable need to incorporate biomarkers of resistance to new antiandrogen agents in the management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Methods We conducted a phase II trial of enzalutamide in first-line chemo-naïve asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic mCRPC and analyzed the prognostic value of TMPRSS2-ERG and other biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), androgen receptor splice variant (AR-V7) in CTCs and plasma Androgen Receptor copy number gain (AR-gain). These biomarkers were correlated with treatment response and survival outcomes and developed a clinical–molecular prognostic model using penalized cox-proportional hazard model. This model was validated in an independent cohort. Results Ninety-eight patients were included. TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene was detected in 32 patients with no differences observed in efficacy outcomes. CTC detection was associated with worse outcome and AR-V7 in CTCs was associated with increased rate of progression as best response. Plasma AR gain was strongly associated with an adverse outcome, with worse median prostate specific antigen (PSA)-PFS (4.2 vs. 14.7 m; p

The South Pacific region is an area affected by characteristic precipitation patterns undergoing extreme events such as tropical cyclones and droughts. First, a daily weather typing of precipitation is presented, based on principal component analysis and k-means clustering using precipitation and atmospheric circulation variables derived from sea-level pressure and wind reanalysis fields. As a result, five weather types (WTs) are presented, able to capture distinct precipitation spatiotemporal patterns, interpretable in terms of salient regional climate features. Second, we undertake the calibration of the TRMM precipitation product using a set of rain gauge stations as reference and scaling and empirical quantile mapping (eQM) as calibration techniques. Furthermore, we build upon the weather-type classification to compare the results with a WTconditioned calibration approach. Overall, our results underpin the need of adjusting the existing TRMM biases, mostly relevant for the upper tail of their distribution, and advocate the use of correction techniques able to deal with quantile-dependent biases-such as eQM-instead of a simple scaling, in order to obtain a more realistic representation of extreme precipitation events. The conditioning has shown only a marginal added value over the simple approach, although this minor improvement may prove relevant for applications focused on extreme event analysis. Furthermore, the weather types created can be applied to a wide variety of conditioned analyses in this region. AFRICULTURES, Grant/Award Number: 774652; Beach4Cast, Grant/Award Number: PID2019-107053RB-I00; CORDyS, Grant/Award Number: PID2020-116595RB-I00; INDECIS, Grant/Award Number: 690462

Next-generation wide-field spectroscopic surveys will observe the infall regions around large numbers of galaxy clusters with high sampling rates for the first time. Here we assess the feasibility of extracting the large-scale cosmic web around clusters using forthcoming observations, given realistic observational constraints. We use a sample of 324 hydrodynamic zoom-in simulations of massive galaxy clusters from TheThreeHundred project to create a mock-observational catalogue spanning $5R_{200}$ around 160 analogue clusters. These analogues are matched in mass to the 16 clusters targetted by the forthcoming WEAVE Wide-Field Cluster Survey (WWFCS). We consider the effects of the fibre allocation algorithm on our sampling completeness and find that we successfully allocate targets to 81.7 $\% \pm$ 1.3 of the members in the cluster outskirts. We next test the robustness of the filament extraction algorithm by using a metric, $D_{\text{skel}}$, which quantifies the distance to the filament spine. We find that the median positional offset between reference and recovered filament networks is $D_{\text{skel}} = 0.13 \pm 0.02$ Mpc, much smaller than the typical filament radius of $\sim$ 1 Mpc. Cluster connectivity of the recovered network is not substantially affected. Our findings give confidence that the WWFCS will be able to reliably trace cosmic web filaments in the vicinity around massive clusters, forming the basis of environmental studies into the effects of pre-processing on galaxy evolution., 18 pages, 14 figures. Accepted by MNRAS for publication

Bone metastases; Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer Metástasis óseas; Cáncer de próstata metastásico resistente a la castración Metàstasis òssies; Càncer de pròstata resistent a la castració metastàtic Purpose The paper aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 223Ra in patients who progressed after first-line androgen deprivation therapy. Patients and methods EXCAAPE (NCT03002220) was a multicentre, single-arm, open-label, non-controlled phase IIa trial in 52 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and asymptomatic bone metastases who have progressed on abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide, up to six doses of 223Ra (55 kBq/kg of body weight per month). The primary end-point was radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS). Secondary end-points included rPFS based on androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7) expression in circulating tumour cells (CTCs), overall survival, and safety. Results Median rPFS was 5.5 months (95% CI 5.3–5.5). Median rPFS of patients with AR-V7(−) CTCs was longer than that of patients with AR-V7(+) CTCs (5.5 versus 2.2 months, respectively; P = 0.056). Median overall survival was 14.8 months (95% CI 11.2–not reached) and was significantly greater for AR-V7(−) patients than for AR-V7(+) patients (14.8 months versus 3.5 months, respectively; P < 0.01). 223Ra was well tolerated; anaemia and thrombocytopenia were the most common grade 3/4 adverse events (5.8% and 11.5%, respectively). Conclusions 223Ra seems to be a reasonable treatment for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and asymptomatic bone metastases progressing on novel hormonal therapy and had an acceptable safety profile. The study was conceived and designed by Joan Carles in collaboration with Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR). MEDSIR, as legal sponsor of the study, is responsible for compliance with all clinical and regulatory procedures and adherence to the study protocol. MEDSIR had a role in study design, collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data and writing of the report. Bayer Inc. funded the study and provided 223Ra. The funder of the study had no role in data collection, management, data analysis, data interpretation, writing of the report, or decision to submit the manuscript for publication. All authors had full access to the data used to prepare the manuscript and participated in writing, editing, and/or critically reviewing the manuscript. The manuscript was written with editorial support from a medical writer, funded by MEDSIR. The corresponding author had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication.

In the South Pacific region, the precipitation patterns are mostly driven by a number of processes operating at spatial and temporal scales. One of the most important features is the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ).Five Daily Weather Types (WT) of precipitation are presented, based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and k-means clustering using ERA5 precipitation and atmospheric circulation variables such as mean sea-level pressure (SLP), day-to-day difference of mean daily SLP or northward and eastward 10-m wind component fields, able to capture distinct precipitation spatio-temporal patterns, interpretable in terms of salient regional climate features such as the SPCZ state and tropical cyclone activity. We then undertake a weather-type conditioned calibration of the TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) product using in-situ rain gauge records from the PACRAIN database as reference. “Conditioning” is here based on applying separate statistical corrections for each of the generated WTs, since biases might be dependent on specific atmospheric situations that can be partially captured by the clustering procedure, thus adapting the correction factors to specific synoptic conditions. Our results indicate that the WT-conditioned calibration provides an overall marginal added value over the unconditioned approach, although it makes a significant difference for a better correction of extreme rainfall events, critical in many impact studies. The approach can be extended to compound extreme events, in which several variables are involved (e.g. precipitation, sea level, wind, etc.), in order to better preserve multi-variable consistency.

Luminescent metal-organic frameworks are an emerging class of optical sensors, able to capture and detect toxic gases. Herein, we report the incorporation of synergistic binding sites in MOF-808 through post-synthetic modification with copper for optical sensing of NO2 at remarkably low concentrations. Computational modelling and advanced synchrotron characterization tools are applied to elucidate the atomic structure of the copper sites. The excellent performance of Cu-MOF-808 is explained by the synergistic effect between the hydroxo/aquo-terminated Zr6O8 clusters and the copper-hydroxo single sites, where NO2 is adsorbed through combined dispersive- and metal-bonding interactions, We thank the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (grants No. PID2021-123839OB-I00, RYC2018-024328-I and CEX2018-000805-M for A.E.P.-P., grant No. RTI2018-101049-B-I00 for A.M., grants No. RTI2018-097508−BI00, CEX2020-001039-S and PID2021-128313OB-I00 for J.C.-G., grant No. PID2019-106315RB-I00 for V.A.d.I.P.O.), the “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR” (grant No. EUR2020-112294 for A.E.P.-P., grants No. PLEC2021-007906 and TED2021-130173B-C43 for V.A.d.I.P.O.), and the Regional Government of Madrid (TALENTO grants No. 2017-T1/AMB-5264 and 2021-5 A/AMB-20946 for A.M., grant No. S2018/NMT-4511 NMAT2D-CM for J.C.-G., Proyectos Sinérgicos de I + D grant No. Y2018/NMT-5028 FULMATEN-CM for J.C.-G., grant No. S2018/NMT-4367 FotoArt-CM for V.A.d.I.P.O.). V.A.d.I.P.O. acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council (ERC), through the HYMAP project (grant agreement No. 648319), under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. I.d.C.–V. and I.R.–M. acknowledge FPI-UAM fellowships from Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. C.C.-B. acknowledges the European Social Funds and the Regional Government of Madrid for a postdoctoral contract (PEJD-2018-POST/IND-7909). A.S. acknowledges financial support from the Margarita Salas programme (grant No. CA1/ RSUE/2021-00622). Part of this research was carried out at P02.1 beamline at DESY, a member of the Helmholtz Association (HGF), and utilising the computing facilities of CSUC. We acknowledge DESY (Hamburg, Germany), a member of the Helmholtz Association HGF, for the provision of experimental facilities. Parts of this research were carried out at PETRA III, and we would like to thank Dr. Welter for his assistance in using the P65 beamline. Beamtime was allocated for proposal I-20210304 EC

Low levels of vitamin D have been associated with muscle mass loss and cognitive function alteration.To find out the relationship of vitamin D blood levels with muscle mass and cognitive function in postmenopausal women.Ninety-nine postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 years were studied. Calf circumference, and tricipital, bicipital, subscapular and suprailiac skinfolds were measured. Arm muscle area, bone-free arm muscle area, and muscle mass were calculated. The short physical performance battery (SPPB) was performed, and the sarcopenia rapid diagnostic questionnaire (SARC-F), as well as the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) were applied. A blood sample was taken to measure vitamin D blood concentration. For statistical analysis, Mann-Whitney's U-test and Spearman's correlation analysis were used.It was found that, the older the age, the higher the vitamin D levels, as well as higher SARC-F score. Vitamin D levels were negatively correlated with grip strength and SPPB. There was a negative correlation between vitamin D levels and MMSE global score.Vitamin D did not have a positive influence on muscle mass. A better MMSE performance was observed in those with lower vitamin D levels.Las concentraciones bajas de vitamina D se han asociado con la pérdida de masa muscular y la alteración de la función cognitiva.Conocer la relación de la concentración sanguínea de vitamina D con la masa muscular y la función cognitiva en mujeres posmenopáusicas.Se estudiaron 99 mujeres posmenopáusicas ≥ 50 años. Se midió la circunferencia de la pantorrilla, los pliegues cutáneos tricipital, bicipital, subescapular y suprailíaco. Se calcularon: el área muscular del brazo, el área muscular libre de hueso y la masa muscular total. Se realizó la prueba corta de desempeño físico (PCDF), se aplicó el cuestionario de diagnóstico rápido de sarcopenia (SARC-F) y el Mini Examen del Estado Mental (MMSE). Se tomó una muestra de sangre para medir la concentración de vitamina D en sangre. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba U de Mann-Whitney y análisis de correlación de Spearman.Se encontró que a mayor edad hubieron mayores concentraciones de vitamina D y mayor puntaje SARC-F. Las concentraciones de vitamina D se correlacionaron negativamente con la fuerza de agarre, la PCDF y la puntuación total del MMSE.La vitamina D no tuvo una influencia positiva sobre la masa muscular. Se observó un mejor desempeño en el MMSE en aquellas con concentraciones más bajas de vitamina D.

Tropical cyclones are associated with extreme winds, waves, and storm surge, being among most destructive natural phenomena. Developing capability for a rapid impact estimate is crucial for coastal applications and risk preparedness. When predicting waves characteristics associated to tropical cyclones, the traditional approach involves a two-step procedure (a) a Holland-type wind vortex model and (b) numerical simulations using a wave generation model, using buoy and satellite measurements for validation. In this work, we take advantage of the increasing amount of remote sensing observational data and propose a new empirical model to estimate the wind wave footprint of tropical cyclones. For this purpose, we construct a dataset with over a million satellite observations of waves triggered by tropical cyclones assuming a circular shape of the TC influence area and defining composites of significant wave height as a function of representative parameters of the track characteristics like the minimum pressure, its forward velocity, and its latitude. The validation against buoy data confirms the usefulness of the model for a first and rapid estimation of the wave footprint, although an underestimation of the most extreme events is observed due to the relatively small number of observations recorded. Due to its efficiency, the model can be applied for rapid estimations of wave footprints in operational systems, reconstruction of historical or synthetic events and risk assessments. This work would not have been possible without funding from the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program's grant DOD/SERDP RC-2644 and from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, project Beach4cast PID2019-107053RB-I00. Ana Rueda funded by a Juan de la Cierva Incorporación Scholarship (IJC2020-04390). Laura Cagigal is funded by a scholarship from the University of Auckland. Open access publishing facilitated by The University of Auckland, as part of the Wiley - The University of Auckland agreement via the Council of Australian University Librarians.

The magnitude of facilitation by shelter-building engineers on community structure is expected to be greater when they increase limited resources in the environment. We evaluated the influence of local environmental context on the colonisation of leaf shelters by arthropods in a Mexican evergreen tropical rainforest. We compared the species richness and abundance of arthropods (total and for different guilds) colonising artificially rolled leaves in habitats differing in understory heterogeneity (forest edge > old-growth forests > living fences). Arthropod abundance of the most representative arthropod taxa (i.e., Araneae, Blattodea, Collembola and Psocoptera) colonising the rolled leaves was greater at forest edge, a trend also observed for average arthropod abundance, and for detritivore and predator guilds. In addition, fewer arthropod species and individuals colonised the rolled leaves in the living fence habitat, a trend also observed for most arthropod guilds. As forest edge is expected to have a greater arthropod diversity and stronger density-dependent interactions, a greater limitation of refuges from competitors or predators may have determined the higher colonisation of the rolled leaves in this habitat. Our results demonstrate that local environment context is an important factor that affects the colonisation of arthropods in leaf shelters.

Documento escrito por un elevado número de autores/as, solo se referencia el/la que aparece en primer lugar y los/as autores/as pertenecientes a la UC3M. Correction: The authors regret the omission of one of the authors, Federico de Isidro Gómez, from the original manuscript. The corrected list of authors and affiliations for this paper is as shown above. The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers. (Faraday Discuss., 2022,240, 228-228. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2FD90074B) The number of maps deposited in public databases (Electron Microscopy Data Bank, EMDB) determined by cryo-electron microscopy has quickly grown in recent years. With this rapid growth, it is critical to guarantee their quality. So far, map validation has primarily focused on the agreement between maps and models. From the image processing perspective, the validation has been mostly restricted to using two half-maps and the measurement of their internal consistency. In this article, we suggest that map validation can be taken much further from the point of view of image processing if 2D classes, particles, angles, coordinates, defoci, and micrographs are also provided. We present a progressive validation scheme that qualifies a result validation status from 0 to 5 and offers three optional qualifiers (A, W, and O) that can be added. The simplest validation state is 0, while the most complete would be 5AWO. This scheme has been implemented in a website https://biocomp.cnb.csic.es/EMValidationService/ to which reconstructed maps and their ESI can be uploaded. Javier Vargas and Jordi Burguet would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for financial support through the call 2019 Proyectos de I+D+i - RTI Tipo A (PID2019108850RA-I00) and Arrate Muñoz Barrutia, PID2019-109820RB-I00, MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033/, cofinanced by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), A way of making Europe. The authors acknowledge the economic support from MICIN of the Instruct Image Processing Center (I2PC) as part of the Spanish participation in Instruct-ERIC, the European Strategic Infrastructure Project (ESFRI) in the area of Structural Biology, Grant PID2019-104757RB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ and ERDF A way of making Europe, by the European Union and Grant PRE2020-093527 funded by MCIN/ AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by ESF Investing in your future. We also acknowledge support from Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid through Grant: S2017/BMD-3817, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (project IMPaCT-Data, exp. IMP/ 00019), co-funded by the European Union, European Regional Development Fund (ERDF, A way to make Europe), and European Union (EU) and Horizon 2020 through grants: EOSC Life (INFRAEOSC-04-2018, Proposal: 824087), HighResCells (ERC- 2018- SyG, Proposal: 810057), IMpaCT (WIDESPREAD-03-2018Proposal: 857203), EOSC- Synergy (EINFRA-EOSC-5, Proposal: 857647), iNEXTDiscovery (Proposal: 871037), EnLaCES (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, Proposal: 101024130).

As a natural polymer, starches and their derivatives have received widespread attention in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, particularly for their use as a coating material. In this sense, as an encapsulating agent, starches stand out, considering the number of compounds that they can trap. Additionally, they provide a nutritional contribution and may improve acceptance by patients. As such, this type of material may serve as an alternative to overcome gaps such as loss of activity of the active principles, low assimilation, or deterioration under environmental and physiological conditions. In this paper, we aim to present the state of the art and research trends on the use of starch as a wall material for the encapsulation of active principles of plant origin. It was found that the most-encapsulated active principles are essential oils and polyphenols; native or modified starches are typically used, either as the sole wall material or in combination with other polymers; and the most widely used methodology is spray drying. The reviewed studies indicate the potential of starches for their use in active ingredient encapsulation processes, improving their viability and expanding their range of applications in different industries, as well as showing a clearly increasing publication trend over the last 10 years. Graphical abstract

We present a spatially resolved spectroscopic study for the metal poor H II galaxy J084220+115000 using MEGARA Integral Field Unit observations at the Gran Telescopio Canarias. We estimated the gas metallicity using the direct method for oxygen, nitrogen, and helium and found a mean value of 12 + log (O/H) = 8.03 ± 0.06, and integrated electron density and temperature of ∼161 cm−3 and ∼15400 K, respectively. The metallicity distribution shows a large range of Δ(O/H) = 0.72 dex between the minimum and maximum (7.69 ± 0.06 and 8.42 ± 0.05) values, unusual in a dwarf star-forming galaxy. We derived an integrated log (N/O) ratio of −1.51 ± 0.05 and found that both N/O and O/H correspond to a primary production of metals. Spatially resolved maps indicate that the gas appears to be photoionized by massive stars according to the diagnostic line ratios. Between the possible mechanisms to explain the starburst activity and the large variation of oxygen abundance in this galaxy, our data support a possible scenario where we are witnessing an ongoing interaction triggering multiple star-forming regions localized in two dominant clumps. © 2023 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society., DFA work is funded by a Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT, Mexico) grant through project A1-S-22784. This publication is based on data obtained with the MEGARA instrument at the GTC, installed in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, in the island of La Palma. MEGARA has been built by a Consortium led by the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain) and that also includes the Instituto de Astrofísica, Optica y Electrónica (INAOE, Mexico), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC, Spain), and the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (Spain). This work is based on data obtained with the MEGARA instrument, funded by European Regional Development Funds (ERDF), through the Programa Operativo Canarias FEDER 2014–2020. YDM thanks CONACYT for the research grant CB-A1-S-25070 and DRG for the research grant CB-A1-S-22784 from which the postdoctoral grant that supported DFA was obtained. RC also thanks CONACyT for the research grant CF2022-320152. RA acknowledges support from ANID Fondecyt Regular 1202007. ALGM acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, project PID2019-107408GB-C43 (ESTALLIDOS), and from Gobierno de Canarias through EU FEDER funding, project PID2020010050. JMA acknowledges the support of the Viera y Clavijo Senior program funded by ACIISI and ULL. JIP acknowledges financial support from projects Estallidos6 AYA2016-79724-C4 (Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad), Estallidos7 PID2019-107408GB-C44 (Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion), grant P18-FR-2664 (Junta de Andalucía), and grant SEV-2017-0709 ‘Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa Program’ (State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU)., With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2021-001131-S).

The catalytic performance during the 1-butyne hydrogenation using two reduced Al2O3-supported Pd-based catalysts was carried out in a total recirculation system with an external fixed-bed reactor. The lab-prepared egg-shell NiPd/CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst (NiPdCe) with Pd loading = 0.5 wt%, Ni/Pd atomic ratio = 1 and CeO2 loading = 3 wt% was synthesized and characterized, and it was compared with an egg-shell Al2O3-supported Pd based commercial catalyst (PdCC). The reduced catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The textural characteristics and ammonia temperature-programmed desorption profiles of the fresh (unreduced) catalysts were also obtained. Both catalysts show high 1-butyne conversion and selectivity to 1-butene, but the catalysts also present important differences between hydroisomerizing and hydrogenating capabilities. NiPdCe catalyst shows higher capability for hydroisomerization reactions, while the PdCC catalyst exhibits higher hydrogenating capability. The observed catalytic performances can be interesting for some industrial processes and can provide a guideline for the development of a Pd-based catalyst with specific catalytic properties.

Objective: To evaluate seed, dry matter, and oil content yield in five accessions of castor oil plant (Ricinus communis L.) in the Altiplano Potosino Zacatecano high plateau region of Mexico, grown with a fertigation system on a mixture of sand, tezontle, and compost, with three fertilization levels.Design/Methodology/Approach: The following accessions showed an outstandingly favorable response to fertilization: ZACS2C1 (Orito Zac) which had the greater seed yield (735 g) and oil content (50.30 ± 5.23); and SLPS11C1 which had the greater weight per100 seeds (56.77 ±2.35) and dry matter (1600 g).Results: The best fertilization level for the abovementioned accessions was obtained with the low nutrient solution,Limitations/Implications of the study: while other accessions showed a variable and inverse response to the fertilization level. Results/Conclusions: To make the most of the castor oil plant, oil or fodder accessions can be selected or both accessions can be sown under an intercropping system.