35 results on '"J. Lozar"'
Search Results
2. Efficacy of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor therapy assessed by lung ultrasound
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U Krivec, M Praprotnik, M Aldeco, D Lepej, A Zver, J Rodman Berlot, S Šetina Šmid, Š Dolenc, and J Lozar Krivec
- Published
- 2022
3. P055 Increased pulmonary interstitial fluid at CFTR modulator therapy start
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M. Aldeco, D. Lepej, J. Lozar Krivec, A. Zver, S. Šetina Šmid, J. Rodman Berlot, M. Praprotnik, A. Kotnik Pirs, P. Pavlic, Uros Krivec, and S. Dolenc
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Interstitial fluid ,business.industry ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,medicine.disease ,business ,Cystic fibrosis ,Cftr modulator - Published
- 2021
4. Preoperative Clinical Neurological Assessment in New-borns with Critical Congenital Heart Disease.
- Author
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J., Lozar Krivec, B., Kosmač, and D., Paro-Panjan
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- *
CONGENITAL heart disease , *NEUROLOGIC examination - Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate preoperative neurological abnormalities in term newborns with critical congenital heart disease (CHD) and to study relationships among the neurological abnormalities, CHD type and clinical characteristics in the group. Methods: Term newborns with critical CHD without genetic disorders were retrospectively studied. Neurological abnormalities were grouped according to Amiel-Tison neurological assessment (ATNA). CHD was categorized into five subgroups according to the physiological presentation. Results: In the period observed 190 newborns with critical CHD were admitted. Of 134 who met the inclusion criteria, ATNA was optimal in 64%; in 28.5% it was mildly, in 6.5% moderately, and in 1% severely abnormal. The difference in the frequency of abnormal ATNA between the five CHD subgroups was not statistically significant (p = 0.098). A weak association was identified between CHD subgroups and an abnormal ATNA (contingency coefficient 0.246). Newborns with abnormal ATNA had more often SpO= 0.028) and abnormal results of cerebral ultrasound (p = 0.001). Conclusion: This study establishes the value of Amiel-Tison standardized neurological examination in assessing the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders among newborns with CHD. We found preoperative neurological abnormalities in one-third of newborns with CHD, and the grade of abnormalities was generally mild or moderate. Newborns with an abnormal ATNA more frequently presented an oxygen saturation < 92% and abnormal results on the cranial ultrasound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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5. A model for the electrochemical reduction of 2-ethylpicolinate under galvanostatic control
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J. Lozar, A. M. Romulus, and André Savall
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Reaction mechanism ,Electrolysis ,Aqueous solution ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Inorganic chemistry ,Electrochemical kinetics ,Electrochemistry ,Chemical reaction ,law.invention ,Reaction rate constant ,law ,Yield (chemistry) ,Materials Chemistry - Abstract
A model is presented for the variation in reactant concentrations during the electrochemical reduction of 2-ethylpicolinate on a lead cathod in sulphuric acid solutions under galvanostatic conditions. The electrolyses were performed in a laboratory filter-press reactor. Successive or parallel electrochemical reactions coupled with chemical reactions are taken into account, according to a reaction scheme in agreement with the experimental results. Analytical expressions are used to describe the progress of the various reactions, taking into account both chemical and electrochemical kinetics and transfer properties. All reactions are assumed to be first or pseudo-first order. The variations in charge-transfer rate constants are considered as functions of reactant conversion. The effects of acidity, current efficiency, initial concentration of 2-ethylpicolinate and temperature are presented. The model aims at estimating the yield of electrolysis products under the experimental conditions necessary for obtaining 2-hydroxymethylpyridine in optimum quantities.
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- 2006
6. [Untitled]
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J. Lozar, Dorin Bejan, and André Savall
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inorganic chemicals ,Electrolysis ,Reaction mechanism ,Autoxidation ,General Chemical Engineering ,Inorganic chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Electrocatalyst ,Electrochemistry ,law.invention ,Catalysis ,chemistry ,law ,Electrochemical regeneration ,Materials Chemistry ,Cobalt - Abstract
The autoxidation of p-t-butyltoluene (TBT) at 80 °C in the liquid phase is carried out with an initial mixture of cobalt(III) and cobalt(II) acetate in an acetic acid solution. The autoxidation kinetics of TBT is appreciably accelerated by electrolysis with a anodic current density of 62.5 A m−2. The electrolysis increases the concentration of cobalt(III) acetate, the actual catalyst of the autoxidation reaction. The end product of oxidation is p-t-butylbenzoic acid (TBBA). p-t-Butylbenzaldehyde (TBBZ) is an intermediary whose concentration passes through a maximum. The oxidation experiments with TBT were performed with total cobalt acetate concentrations ranging from 0.0188 to 0.169 mol dm−3. An increase in total cobalt acetate concentration favours the electrochemical regeneration of CoIII and slightly improves the TBBZ selectivity. The duration of TBT oxidation into TBBA is reduced by a factor of 5 compared with a reaction without electrolysis.
- Published
- 2002
7. Kinetics of the Electrochemically Assisted Autoxidation of Toluene in Acetic Acid
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André Savall, Gilles Falgayrac, and J. Lozar
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inorganic chemicals ,Autoxidation ,General Chemical Engineering ,Inorganic chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Toluene ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Catalysis ,Benzyl acetate ,Benzaldehyde ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Acetic acid ,chemistry ,Cobalt ,Benzoic acid - Abstract
The oxidation of toluene in acetic acid solution by dioxygen was studied at 100 and 109 °C in a classic gas−liquid reactor supplied with two electrodes of graphite. The cobalt(III) acetate, the catalyst of the autoxidation process, was continuously regenerated on an anode of graphite. The average concentration of cobalt(III) acetate was higher than in absence of electric current; this led to an appreciable improvement of the kinetics of the oxidation of toluene by dioxygen. The obtained products were benzyl acetate, benzaldehyde, and benzoic acid. Benzyl acetate arises mainly from the direct electrochemical oxidation of toluene on the anode. The variations of the concentrations of toluene, benzaldehyde, and benzoic acid result from the two successive autoxidation reactions of toluene and benzaldehyde. It was verified that the kinetics of disappearance of toluene obeys the law: r1 = k1[CoIII] [CoII]-1[C6H5CH3]. The values of the rate constant k1 were found equal to 0.36 h-1 at 100 °C and 0.51 h-1 at 109 °...
- Published
- 2001
8. Electrochemical assistance of catalytic oxidation in liquid phase using molecular oxygen: oxidation of toluenes
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Dorin Bejan, J. Lozar, Gilles Falgayrac, and André Savall
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Electrolysis ,Autoxidation ,Inorganic chemistry ,General Chemistry ,Electrochemistry ,Photochemistry ,Electrocatalyst ,Toluene ,Catalysis ,law.invention ,Acetic acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Catalytic oxidation ,law - Abstract
Liquid phase autoxidation of toluene and p-methoxytoluene in acetic acid has been studied under electrolysis in the presence of cobalt acetate. The latency period disappears when Co3+ is electrogenerated in the medium either before or during autoxidation experiments. The kinetics of the oxidation process is accelerated under electrolysis condition. The effects of temperature, current intensity, Co concentration, oxygen flow rate are investigated. The transition between the kinetic and the mass transfer limitations is determined in the case of p-methoxytoluene.
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- 1999
9. Diffusivity and solubility measurement of oxygen in water–acetic acid–sodium acetate solutions on a rotating ring disc electrode
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J. Lozar, B. Bachelot, Gilles Falgayrac, and André Savall
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Aqueous solution ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Thermodynamics ,Thermal diffusivity ,Oxygen ,Acetic acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Viscosity ,Electrochemistry ,Rotating disk electrode ,Solubility ,Sodium acetate - Abstract
The measurement of oxygen transit time from ring to disc of a rotating ring disc electrode was used to determine the diffusivity of oxygen. The solubility of oxygen under atmospheric pressure was deduced from measurement of the limiting current of oxygen reduction in a saturated solution. The density and the kinematic viscosity of the solutions were also measured. The correlations obtained were used to calculate the following properties of four water–acetic acid–sodium acetate solutions: density, kinematic viscosity, absolute viscosity, diffusivity and solubility of oxygen in a temperature range of 25–80°C. The solutions had a 5 and 10% water content in weight and a sodium acetate concentration of 0.5 and 1 mol [kg (acid+water) ]−1.
- Published
- 1998
10. Oxidation of o-Nitrotoluene by Cerium(IV) Methanesulfonate
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André Savall and J. Lozar
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Aqueous solution ,General Chemical Engineering ,Inorganic chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Alcohol ,General Chemistry ,Methanesulfonic acid ,Aldehyde ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cerium ,Sulfonate ,chemistry ,Yield (chemistry) ,Trifluoromethanesulfonate ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Cerium(IV) methanesulfonate in aqueous methanesulfonic acid oxidizes o-nitrotoluene successively into o-nitrobenzyl alcohol, o-nitrobenzaldehyde, and o-nitrobenzoic acid. The influence of the methanesulfonic acid concentration and of temperature was studied. A maximum aldehyde yield of 40% was reached at 75 °C with a methanesulfonic acid concentration of 9.2 mol dm -3 .
- Published
- 1995
11. Determination des proprietes electrochimiques et thermodynamiques de Pb2+, PbCl+ et PbCl2 a partir de mesures de conductivite de solutions aqueuses de chlorure de plomb a 25°C
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L. Schuffenecker, J. Molinier, and J. Lozar
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Aqueous solution ,Chemistry ,Stability constants of complexes ,General Chemical Engineering ,Lead chloride ,Electrochemistry ,Physical chemistry ,Equilibrium constant - Abstract
Resume La conductivite de solutions aqueuses de chlorure de plomb PbCl 2 a ete mesuree a 25°C entre 0,5 × 10 −3 et 36 × 10 −3 mol dm −3 . Les donnees sont interpretees en prenant en compte la presence des especes Pb 2+ , Cl − , PbCl + , PbCl 2 . On obtient les conductivities equivalentes limite des ions Pb 2+ et PbCl + : Les constantes thermodynamiques de formation de PbCl + et PbCl 2 , dans l'echelle des molarites sont
- Published
- 1992
12. Electroacoustic distortions: Multidimensional analysis of hearing aid transduced speech and music
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D. Ferrell, J. Lozar, A. Yonovitz, and B. Bickford
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Multidimensional analysis ,Hearing aid ,Speech enhancement ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Computer science ,Speech recognition ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Distortion ,Phase distortion ,Phase noise ,medicine ,Auditory system ,Weighting - Abstract
The detrimental effects of electroacoustic distortions on quality judgement of speech and music was investigated using a posteriori techniques of multidimensional scaling. Evaluative data consisted of preference and similarity judgments from pairwise presentation of 12 hearing aids to normal listeners. Dimensions derived from proximity matrices were interpreted as electroacoustic distortions. The weighting of these distortions were analyzed and contrasted to correlational analysis. Interactions were present between the speech and music judgments. Frequency response and bandwidth were evidenced as dimensions influencing both speech and music with third harmonic distortion and internal noise being specific to speech, while transient distortions and phase distortion affected listener preception of music.
- Published
- 2005
13. A20 The value of carboxyhaemoglobin measured with CO-oximeter in diagnosis of haemolysis in newborns
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Petja Fister, A. Soltirovska, B. Bratanic, D. Furlan, J. Lozar Krivec, D. Paro Panjan, Gregor Nosan, and M. Zupancic
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CO-oximeter ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Cardiology ,medicine ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Haemolysis ,business ,Value (mathematics) - Published
- 2012
14. 944 Associated Risk Factors for Cholestasis in Surgical Neonates
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I Girard, V Champion, Ricardo Carbajal, Delphine Mitanchez, E Walter, S Dahan, and J Lozar
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Cholestasis ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,medicine.disease ,business ,Gastroenterology - Published
- 2010
15. A20 The value of carboxyhaemoglobin measured with CO-oximeter in diagnosis of haemolysis in newborns
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Krivec, J. Lozar, primary, Bratanic, B., additional, Fister, P., additional, Nosan, G., additional, Soltirovska, A., additional, Zupancic, M., additional, Furlan, D., additional, and Panjan, D. Paro, additional
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- 2012
- Full Text
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16. 328 Risks Factors for Developing Neonatal Parenteral Nutrition- Associated Cholestasis
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Delphine Mitanchez, Ricardo Carbajal, J Lozar, V Champion, E Walter-Nicolet, I Girard, and S Dahan
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Parenteral Nutrition - Associated Cholestasis ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Bilirubin ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Population ,medicine.disease ,Enteral administration ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Parenteral nutrition ,Cholestasis ,chemistry ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,Observational study ,business ,education - Abstract
Objective: To describe the incidence and the characteristics of cholestasis in a neonatal population dependent on parenteral nutrition (PN) and to analyse additional risk factors. Methods: Monocentric prospective observational study conducted between April 2008 and April 2009. Bilirubinemia was weekly measured when PN was used. Cholestasis was defined as a conjugated hyperbilirubinemia >17µmol/L or >20% of the total bilirubin (TB) if TB>85µmol/L. Results: 460 newborn were admitted in the unit. 207 required PN. In this group, 28% were SGA, 33.8% were preterm 7 days, specially in SGA. Enteral nutrition should be started when enteral route is considered safe. There is no evidence to limit protein intakes.
- Published
- 2010
17. Diffusivité de l'acide benzoi'que dans l'eau: Influence de la température
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J. Lozar, J. P. Couderc, and C. Laguerie
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General Chemical Engineering - Abstract
Benzoic acid diffusivity in water has been determined using the diaphragm cell method, with a flexible and thin “Millipore” filter that leads to a reduction in the time of experiment. Twenty-two experimental data points are given in the range 10–50°C. Two different correlations are proposed. Des mesures de diffusivite de l'acide benzoique dans l'eau ont ete effectuees par la methode de la cellule a diaphragme, en utilisant un filtre “Millipore” flexible et de faible epaisseur qui permet de diminuer la duree des experiences. Vingt-deux donnees experimentales sont fournies dans la gamme de temperature 10–50°C. Deux correlations differentes sont proposees.
- Published
- 1975
18. A theoretical evaluation of cardiac output as a function of mean arterial pressure in the human cardiovascular system
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J. Lozar, C.E. Miller, and S. Thompson
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Statistics and Probability ,Mean arterial pressure ,Cardiac output ,Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs ,Physics::Medical Physics ,Blood Pressure ,Correlation function (astronomy) ,Kinetic energy ,Models, Biological ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,medicine.artery ,medicine ,Humans ,Cardiac Output ,Physics ,Aorta ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Applied Mathematics ,General Medicine ,Mechanics ,Blood Viscosity ,Potential energy ,Blood pressure ,Energy Transfer ,Modeling and Simulation ,cardiovascular system ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Blood Flow Velocity ,Energy (signal processing) - Abstract
A correlation function of cardiac output and mean arterial pressure is presented for the human cardiovasular system. The function is developed using an energy transfer balance for a unit volume of blood which flows in the vascular system between the aorta and the vena cava. The energy transfer balance equates the energy utilized in the vascular system to the algebraic sum of the pulse energy, the kinetic energy and the potential energy in the vascular system. Each of these energies is defined in terms of the physiology of the cardiovascular system. Pulse energy is defined in terms of the work done by the heart on the aorta. Kinetic energy is defined in terms of the cardiac output and the potential energy is defined in terms of the diastolic pressure in the aorta. The utilization energy is equivalent to the energy transfer in the work done by the blood on the viscoelastic blood vessels, and to the frictional energy loss due to drag on the blood mass as it flows through the vascular system. The correlation function of cardiac output with mean arterial pressure demonstrates that the cardiac output is a double-valued function of the mean arterial pressure. The function also varies with the ratio of the fourth power of the Shear Modulus of the blood vessels to the third power of Young's Modulus. The function shows that mean arterial pressure minimizes for a cardiac output of approximately 51 per min when one holds the ratio of the elastic moduli constant. Further discussion indicates how clinicians can use the function, developed in this research, to interpret the experimental data obtained from cardiac output studies.
- Published
- 1976
19. Determination a 25°c des proprietes thermodynamiques des complexes chlores du plomb divalent a partir de mesures de solubilite dans des solutions aqueuses de force ionique inferieure a 1 mol kg−1
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J. B. Bourdet, J. Lozar, G. Cudey, and L. Schuffenecker
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Aqueous solution ,Lead chloride ,Solubility equilibrium ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Gibbs free energy ,Divalent ,symbols.namesake ,chemistry ,Ionic strength ,symbols ,Physical chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Solubility ,Instrumentation ,Equilibrium constant - Abstract
The solubility of divalent lead chloride is measured at 25°C in aqueous solutions {H2O + HClO4 + HCl} and {H2O + HClO4 + Pb(ClO4)2} as a function of the initial ionic strength X (0 ⩽ X ⩽ 1 mol kg−1). The apparent solubility product of lead chloride, Ks, and the apparent constants βi of the equilibria (i) have been determined at different values of the equilibrium ionic strength, I Pb2+(aq) + i Cl−(aq) = PbCl(i−2)−i(aq) (i) The experimental values are well interpreted by the existence of Pb2+, PbCl+, PbCl2 and PbCl−3. The results permitted an empirical representation of Ks and βi values as functions of I which may be extrapolated to infinite dilution. The thermodynamic solubility product and the thermodynamic constants of the equilibria (i) were determined at 25°C K0s = (1.696±0.004)×10−5 K01 = 40.3±0.2 K02 = 47.2±3 K03 = 420±10 From these values, we have calculated the standard Gibbs energy function of formation of the different lead complexes at 25°C ΔfG0(PbCl+) = −164820 J mol−1 ΔfG0(PbCl2) = −296440 J mol−1 ΔfG0(PbCl−3) = −433084 J mol−1
- Published
- 1984
20. ChemInform Abstract: POTENTIOMETRY AND CALORIMETRY STUDY OF THE SUBSTITUTION EQUILIBRIUMS BY BROMIDE IONS OF THE CHLORINE ATOMS OF TRIVALENT GOLD COMPLEXES IN AQUEOUS MEDIA AT 25°C
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J. B. Bourdet, J. Lozar, L. Schuffenecker, and G. Cudey
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Aqueous medium ,Chemistry ,Inorganic chemistry ,Chlorine atom ,Substitution (logic) ,General Medicine ,Calorimetry ,Bromide ions - Published
- 1983
21. ChemInform Abstract: Bestimmung der thermodynamischen Eigenschaften von Chlor-Komplexen des Pb(II) durch Löslichkeitsmessungen in wäßrigen Lösungen bei Ionenstärken < l M bei 25 °C
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L. Schuffenecker, J. B. Bourdet, J. Lozar, and G. Cudey
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Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Nuclear chemistry - Published
- 1984
22. Remote audiometric testing via telephone: the design of a digitally controlled audiometer
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C. W. Mitchell, J. Lozar, and A. Yonovitz
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Frequency-shift keying ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Pure tone ,Acoustics ,Acoustic coupler ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Baud ,business ,Audiometer ,Computer hardware ,Data transmission ,Audiometric testing - Abstract
The acquisition of pure tone and speech audiometric data from a remote location would be especially useful in schools, industrial applications, military usage, physicians' practices, and hospital‐medical‐center environments. Data transmission using standard ASCII encoding (with RS‐232c interface) provide an efficient means of controlling the acoustic parameters in audiometric testing. Essentially, in a digitally controlled audiometer, the devices receive and transmit control commands at a 300 baud rate readily compatible with available computer hardward interfaces. Unique design concepts including simultaneous use of the acoustic coupler modes for speech and data transmission are discussed. Using FSK coding techniques the ordinary telephone system may be employed to remotely relate audiological diagnostic information between two locations.
- Published
- 1977
23. Effects of Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 in neonates exposed to antibiotics: a randomised controlled trial.
- Author
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Lozar Krivec J, Bratina P, Valcl A, Lozar Manfreda K, Petrovčič A, Benedik E, Obermajer T, Bogovič Matijašić B, Šetina U, Rupnik M, Mahnič A, and Paro-Panjan D
- Abstract
Perinatal antibiotic exposure potentially leads to gut microbiota dysbiosis, which is associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). We aimed to investigate the effects of Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 supplementation on the development of FGIDs, crying and sleep duration, and the gut microbial composition in infants exposed to antibiotics during the neonatal period. In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we included 89 term neonates treated with antibiotics. Neonates received the study product for six weeks. FGIDs, assessed by the Infant Gastrointestinal Symptom Questionnaire, crying and sleep duration were assessed at four and eight weeks, and six months after enrolment. Faecal samples were collected six weeks and twelve months after enrolment. The gut microbial community composition was analysed using 16S amplicon sequencing and qPCR. The proportion of infants with FGIDs was greater in the control group, although the difference between the groups was significant only six months after enrolment. At all time points, the probiotic group presented a longer sleep duration and shorter crying time than the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Probiotic consumption had no significant effect on the gut microbiota composition except for increased L. reuteri DSM 17938 abundance in the probiotic group at six weeks after enrolment. At specific time points after supplementation with L. reuteri DSM 17938, a reduction in the prevalence of FGIDs was observed in the probiotic group. However, no observable effect on the gut microbiota was detected during the intervention. We believe that probiotic supplementation in neonates during and after antibiotic treatment to minimise the negative effects of antibiotics on gut function during this vulnerable period of human development warrants further investigation. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02865564).
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- 2024
- Full Text
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24. Survey of transfusion practices in preterm infants in Europe.
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Scrivens A, Reibel NJ, Heeger L, Stanworth S, Lopriore E, New HV, Dame C, Fijnvandraat K, Deschmann E, Aguar M, Brække K, Cardona FS, Cools F, Farrugia R, Ghirardello S, Lozar J, Matasova K, Muehlbacher T, Sankilampi U, Soares H, Szabo M, Szczapa T, Zaharie G, Roehr CC, and Fustolo-Gunnink S
- Subjects
- Infant, Infant, Newborn, Humans, Erythrocyte Transfusion, Hemorrhage, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Platelet Transfusion, Infant, Premature, Blood Transfusion
- Abstract
Background: Preterm infants commonly receive red blood cell (RBC), platelet and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions. The aim of this Neonatal Transfusion Network survey was to describe current transfusion practices in Europe and to compare our findings to three recent randomised controlled trials to understand how clinical practice relates to the trial data., Methods: From October to December 2020, we performed an online survey among 597 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) caring for infants with a gestational age (GA) of <32 weeks in 18 European countries., Results: Responses from 343 NICUs (response rate: 57%) are presented and showed substantial variation in clinical practice. For RBC transfusions, 70% of NICUs transfused at thresholds above the restrictive thresholds tested in the recent trials and 22% below the restrictive thresholds. For platelet transfusions, 57% of NICUs transfused at platelet count thresholds above 25×10
9 /L in non-bleeding infants of GA of <28 weeks, while the 25×109 /L threshold was associated with a lower risk of harm in a recent trial. FFP transfusions were administered for coagulopathy without active bleeding in 39% and for hypotension in 25% of NICUs. Transfusion volume, duration and rate varied by factors up to several folds between NICUs., Conclusions: Transfusion thresholds and aspects of administration vary widely across European NICUs. In general, transfusion thresholds used tend to be more liberal compared with data from recent trials supporting the use of more restrictive thresholds. Further research is needed to identify the barriers and enablers to incorporation of recent trial findings into neonatal transfusion practice., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)- Published
- 2023
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25. Treatment of Symptomatic Focal Hepatic Hemangioma with Propranolol in Neonates: Is It Efficient?
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Lozar Krivec J, Lah N, Glušič M, Velikonja O, and Paro-Panjan D
- Abstract
Hepatic hemangiomas (HH) - classified into congenital hepatic hemangiomas (CHH) or infantile hepatic hemangiomas (IHH) - are benign vascular tumors that are mainly asymptomatic, but may cause clinical problems that require treatment. While focal, multifocal, and diffuse IHH are responsive to propranolol treatment, CHH is mainly focal and thought to be resistant to treatment with propranolol. The clinical and imaging distinctions between CHH and IHH in cases of focal lesions can be challenging, while histopathological distinction is mostly lacking in the clinical setting. We report 4 neonatal symptomatic cases of focal HH treated with propranolol, with partial or complete resolution of the tumor, and the positive hemodynamic effect of propranolol in one case. We believe that although clear differentiation cannot be achieved between CHH and IHH without histopathological examination in cases of focal HH in neonates, propranolol treatment should be attempted in symptomatic cases since its benefits outweigh the possible small risk of side effects of propranolol., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: The authors have no financial conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 by The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition.)
- Published
- 2023
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26. Postnatal treatment for children with fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia: a multicentre, retrospective, cohort study.
- Author
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de Vos TW, Winkelhorst D, Árnadóttir V, van der Bom JG, Canals Surís C, Caram-Deelder C, Deschmann E, Haysom HE, Hverven HBC, Lozar Krivec J, McQuilten ZK, Muñiz-Diaz E, Nogués N, Oepkes D, Porcelijn L, van der Schoot CE, Saxonhouse M, Sola-Visner M, Tiblad E, Tiller H, Wood EM, Young V, Železnik M, de Haas M, and Lopriore E
- Subjects
- Infant, Newborn, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Pregnancy, Retrospective Studies, Cohort Studies, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous therapeutic use, Hemorrhage drug therapy, Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune therapy, Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune diagnosis, Antigens, Human Platelet
- Abstract
Background: Children affected by fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) are at risk of severe intracranial haemorrhage. Management in the postnatal period is based on sparse evidence. We aimed to describe the contemporary management and outcomes of patients with FNAIT in high-income countries., Methods: In this multicentre, retrospective, cohort study, we set up a web-based registry for the collection of deidentified data on the management and course of neonates with FNAIT. Eight centres from seven countries (Australia, Norway, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, the Netherlands, and the USA) participated. Eligibility criteria comprised neonates with FNAIT being liveborn between Jan 1, 2010, and Jan 1, 2020; anti-human platelet antigen (HPA) alloantibodies in maternal serum; confirmed maternal and fetal HPA incompatibility; and bleeding detected at antenatal ultrasound, neonatal thrombocytopenia (<150 × 10
9 platelets per L), or both in the current or previous pregnancy. Clinical data were retrieved from local medical records of the first neonatal admission and entered in the registry. The key outcome was the type of postnatal treatment given to neonates with FNAIT. Other outcomes were daily median platelet counts in the first week of life, median platelet count increment after first unmatched versus first matched transfusions, and the proportion of neonates with mild or severe bleeding., Findings: 408 liveborn neonates with FNAIT were entered into the FNAIT registry, of whom 389 from Australia (n=74), Norway (n=56), Slovenia (n=19), Spain (n=55), Sweden (n=31), the Netherlands (n=138), and the USA (n=16) were included in our analyses. The median follow-up was 5 days (IQR 2-9). More neonates were male (241 [64%] of 379) than female (138 [36%]). Severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count <50 × 109 platelets per L) was reported in 283 (74%) of 380 neonates, and extreme thrombocytopenia (<10 × 109 platelets per L) was reported in 92 (24%) neonates. Postnatal platelet count nadir was higher in the no-treatment group than in all other groups. 163 (42%) of 389 neonates with FNAIT received no postnatal treatment. 207 (53%) neonates received platelet transfusions, which were either HPA-unmatched (88 [43%] of 207), HPA-matched (84 [41%]), or a combination of both (35 [17%]). The proportion of neonates who received HPA-matched platelet transfusions varied between countries, ranging from 0% (Slovenia) to 63% (35 of 56 neonates; Norway). Postnatal intravenous immunoglobulin treatment was given to 110 (28%) of 389 neonates (alone [n=19] or in combination with platelet transfusions [n=91]), with the proportion receiving it ranging from 12% (17 of 138 neonates; the Netherlands) to 63% (ten of 16 neonates; the USA) across countries. The median platelet increment was 59 × 109 platelets per L (IQR 35-94) after HPA-unmatched platelet transfusions and 98 × 109 platelets per L (67-134) after HPA-matched platelet transfusions (p<0·0001). Severe bleeding was diagnosed in 23 (6%) of 389 liveborn neonates, with one having a severe pulmonary haemorrhage and 22 having severe intracranial haemorrhages. Mild bleeding was diagnosed in 186 (48%) neonates., Interpretation: Postnatal management of FNAIT varies greatly between international centres, highlighting the absence of consensus on optimal treatments. Our data suggest that HPA-matched transfusions lead to a larger median platelet count increment than HPA-unmatched transfusions, but whether HPA matching is also associated with a reduced risk of bleeding remains unknown., Funding: Sanquin., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests JGvdB reports an unrestricted research grant from Novo Nordisk and previous payment for teaching by Bayer, both of which were paid to their institution. DO is funded as a research consultant by Janssen Pharmaceuticals and participates on the advisory board of Janssen Pharmaceuticals. HT reports previous payment from Prophylix related to a patent on a monoclonal anti-HPA-1a antibody, is funded as a research consultant by Janssen Pharmaceuticals (as of Aug 1, 2021), and will be a local study site principal investigator in a planned multicentre natural history study on FNAIT sponsored by Rallybio. ET and EL report consultancy fees from Janssen Pharmaceuticals for participating on the advisory board on FNAIT. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
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27. Clinical Factors Influencing Endogenous Carbon Monoxide Production and Carboxyhemoglobin Levels in Neonates.
- Author
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Lozar Krivec J, Lozar Manfreda K, and Paro-Panjan D
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Newborn, Oximetry, Retrospective Studies, Carbon Monoxide blood, Carboxyhemoglobin metabolism, Hemolysis, Infant, Newborn, Diseases blood, Respiratory Distress Syndrome blood, Sepsis blood
- Abstract
Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) is an index of endogenous carbon monoxide formation during the hem degradation process and could be used to confirm hemolysis in neonates. The influence of other clinical factors on COHb values in neonates has not been fully investigated. We aimed to evaluate the influence of hemolysis, sepsis, respiratory distress, and postnatal age on COHb values. We retrospectively analyzed COHb measurements determined with a carbon monoxide-oximeter in 4 groups of term neonates: A-sepsis, B-respiratory distress, C-hemolysis, and D-healthy neonates. The mean COHb values were 1.41% (SD: 0.26), 1.32% (SD: 0.27), 2.5% (SD: 0.69), and 1.27% (SD: 0.19) (P<0.001) in groups A (n=8), B (n=37), C (n=16), and D (n=76), respectively. COHb in group C was significantly higher than in the other groups. There was a negative correlation between postnatal age and COHb in healthy neonates. A cut-off level of 1.7% had 93% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 89%-97%) sensitivity and 94% (95% CI: 90%-98%) specificity for diagnosis of hemolysis. COHb values were higher during the first days of life. We found that COHb levels in neonates with hemolysis were significantly higher and that the influence of sepsis and respiratory distress on COHb values was insignificant., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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28. Genomic and phenotypic characterisation of invasive neonatal and colonising group B Streptococcus isolates from Slovenia, 2001-2018.
- Author
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Perme T, Golparian D, Bombek Ihan M, Rojnik A, Lučovnik M, Kornhauser Cerar L, Fister P, Lozar Krivec J, Grosek Š, Ihan A, Jeverica S, and Unemo M
- Subjects
- Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, Diseases microbiology, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Multilocus Sequence Typing, Penicillin G pharmacology, Phylogeny, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious microbiology, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Slovenia epidemiology, Streptococcal Infections microbiology, Streptococcus agalactiae drug effects, Streptococcus agalactiae isolation & purification, Whole Genome Sequencing, Genotype, Infant, Newborn, Diseases epidemiology, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious epidemiology, Serogroup, Streptococcal Infections epidemiology, Streptococcus agalactiae genetics
- Abstract
Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of invasive neonatal disease in the industrialized world. We aimed to genomically and phenotypically characterise invasive GBS isolates in Slovenia from 2001 to 2018 and contemporary colonising GBS isolates from screening cultures in 2018., Methods: GBS isolates from 101 patients (invasive isolates) and 70 pregnant women (colonising isolates) were analysed. Basic clinical characteristics of the patients were collected from medical records. Antimicrobial susceptibility and phenotypic capsular serotype were determined. Whole-genome sequencing was performed to assign multilocus sequence types (STs), clonal complexes (CCs), pathogenicity/virulence factors, including capsular genotypes, and genome-based phylogeny., Results: Among invasive neonatal disease patients, 42.6% (n = 43) were females, 41.5% (n = 39/94) were from preterm deliveries (< 37 weeks gestation), and 41.6% (n = 42) had early-onset disease (EOD). All isolates were susceptible to benzylpenicillin with low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs; ≤0.125 mg/L). Overall, 7 serotypes were identified (Ia, Ib, II-V and VIII); serotype III being the most prevalent (59.6%). Twenty-eight MLST STs were detected that clustered into 6 CCs. CC-17 was the most common CC overall (53.2%), as well as among invasive (67.3%) and non-invasive (32.9%) isolates (p < 0.001). CC-17 was more common among patients with late-onset disease (LOD) (81.4%) compared to EOD (47.6%) (p < 0.001). The prevalence of other CCs was 12.9% (CC-23), 11.1% (CC-12), 10.5% (CC-1), 8.2% (CC-19), and 1.8% (CC-498). Of all isolates, 2.3% were singletons., Conclusions: A high prevalence of hypervirulent CC-17 isolates, with low genomic diversity and characteristic profile of pathogenicity/virulence factors, was detected among invasive neonatal and colonising GBS isolates from pregnant women in Slovenia. This is the first genomic characterisation of GBS isolates in Slovenia and provides valuable microbiological and genomic baseline data regarding the invasive and colonising GBS population nationally. Continuous genomic surveillance of GBS infections is crucial to analyse the impact of IND prevention strategies on the population structure of GBS locally, nationally, and internationally.
- Published
- 2020
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29. Neonatal Cyanosis Due to Hemoglobin Variant: Hb F-Sarajevo.
- Author
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Lozar-Krivec J, Stepic M, Hovnik T, Krsnik M, and Paro-Panjan D
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Cyanosis genetics, Fetal Hemoglobin genetics, Hemoglobins, Abnormal genetics, Mutation
- Abstract
Neonatal cyanosis is rarely due to hemoglobin variants with low oxygen affinity. We describe the clinical course and results of molecular genetic analysis of a boy who presented after birth with severe cyanosis. Arterial blood-gas analysis demonstrated a pronounced shift of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve to the right and molecular genetic analysis revealed a γ-globin variant, Hb F-Sarajevo. The patient presented is the second reported case of neonatal cyanosis due to this mutation, which was first described in 2012 by Zimmermann-Baer and coauthors. With the introduction of universal screening for congenital heart disease, the finding of low oxygen saturation will uncover more neonates with hemoglobinopathies with low oxygen affinity.
- Published
- 2016
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30. The role of carboxyhemoglobin measured with CO-oximetry in the detection of hemolysis in newborns with ABO alloimmunization.
- Author
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Lozar-Krivec J, Bratanic B, and Paro-Panjan D
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Oximetry, Prospective Studies, ABO Blood-Group System, Blood Group Incompatibility blood, Carboxyhemoglobin metabolism, Hemolysis
- Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) values measured with a CO-oximeter (Roche-cobas b 221) in jaundiced newborns with or without hemolysis and healthy controls in order to assess whether COHb measurement determined with a CO-oximeter could be used as an indicator of hemolysis in newborns with ABO alloimmunization., Methods: A total of 86 term newborn infants were prospectively studied. The study cohort consisted of three subgroups: 18 infants with ABO HDN, 21 infants with hyperbilirubinemia without hemolytic disease who required phototherapy, and 47 healthy controls. The COHb, bilirubin, and Hb levels were measured., Results: The three subgroups did not differ significantly with respect to birth weight, gestational age, gender, Apgar score, or mode of delivery. The ABO HDN infants had significantly higher COHb values than the healthy controls (median 2.4% versus 1.3%, p < 0.0005) and the group with hyperbilirubinemia without hemolytic disease (median 2.4% versus 1.3%, p < 0.0005), although the infants with hyperbilirubinemia without hemolytic disease did not have significantly higher COHb values compared with the healthy controls. The cut-off value of 1.7% COHb had 72% sensitivity and 97% specificity for confirming hemolysis in ABO alloimmunization., Conclusions: Our data show that COHb values determined with CO-oximeters are higher in newborns with hemolysis than in those without hemolysis. COHb measured with CO-oximeters could be used to confirm hemolysis in infants with ABO alloimmunization.
- Published
- 2016
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31. Risk factors for developing transient neonatal cholestasis.
- Author
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Champion V, Carbajal R, Lozar J, Girard I, and Mitanchez D
- Subjects
- Abdomen surgery, Cholestasis epidemiology, Energy Intake, Female, Humans, Hyperbilirubinemia etiology, Incidence, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, Diseases epidemiology, Infant, Newborn, Diseases surgery, Infant, Premature, Diseases epidemiology, Infant, Premature, Diseases etiology, Infant, Premature, Diseases surgery, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Odds Ratio, Pelvis surgery, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Thorax, Cholestasis etiology, Infant, Newborn, Diseases etiology, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Parenteral Nutrition adverse effects, Postoperative Complications epidemiology, Premature Birth
- Abstract
Objectives: To describe the incidence and the characteristics of neonatal cholestasis in a cohort of patients with known risk factors and to investigate additional risk factors., Methods: A prospective observational study conducted between April 2008 and 2009 involved all neonates admitted in the neonatal ward. They were divided into high- and low-risk groups for cholestasis. The high-risk group included preterm birth <34 weeks of gestation, small for gestational age (SGA), parenteral nutrition (PN) >7 days, abdomino-pelvic or thoracic surgery. Bilirubinemia was weekly measured in the high-risk group., Results: Of the 460 newborns studied, 234 were included in the high-risk group and 226 in the low-risk group. Cholestasis developed in 32 patients (13.7%) in the high-risk group at mean (SD) age of 14.7 (12.9) days; all were receiving PN. None of the patients in the low-risk group developed cholestasis. An analysis was carried out in the 207 patients in the high-risk group who received PN. The odds ratio (OR) for developing cholestasis was 2.3 [1.1-5.0] and 5.6 [2.5-12.5] for SGA or surgical patients, respectively. Cholestasis was associated with neonatal severe conditions, longer PN duration, and more intravenous macronutrients' intakes. In multivariate analysis, SGA and neonatal surgery were strong independent risk factors for cholestasis, with OR (95% confidence interval [95% CI]) of 4.4 [1.6-12.5] and 4.6 [1.7-12.3], respectively., Conclusions: Transient neonatal cholestasis is a complication of PN. SGA and neonatal surgery are additional risk factors. There is no evidence to limit intravenous protein intakes in preterm.
- Published
- 2012
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32. Head growth in infants with infantile spasms may be temporarily reduced.
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Rener-Primec Z, Lozar-Krivec J, Krivec U, and Neubauer D
- Subjects
- Case-Control Studies, Cephalometry, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Longitudinal Studies, Predictive Value of Tests, Spasms, Infantile therapy, Child Development physiology, Head growth & development, Psychomotor Performance physiology, Spasms, Infantile physiopathology, Spasms, Infantile psychology
- Abstract
Epileptic activity, as a component of epileptic encephalopathies, can interfere with brain growth and development. Infantile spasms as a syndrome represent such epileptic activity during the period of spasms and hypsarrhythmia. The rate of head growth in infants with infantile spasms during the period of spasms has not been studied previously. A retrospective study of head growth in 38 infants with infantile spasms and no other cause of abnormal head growth is presented. Mental outcome was assessed at follow-up. The mean head circumference of infants with infantile spasms was not significantly smaller than in the normal population, but the proportion of head circumference below the tenth percentile in the infantile spasms group was higher (27%). Head circumference below the tenth percentile in the fourth and fifth month after the onset of infantile spasms was significantly associated with later mental retardation (P = 0.004). There was no correlation with specific treatment of infantile spasms. Transiently diminished head growth in infants with infantile spasms coincides temporally with the onset of infantile spasms and "catches up" during remission of infantile spasms in favorable cases. This pattern can reflect the negative influence of epileptic activity on brain growth during the sensitive period. Head circumference can provide a reliable predictive value of mental outcome in children with infantile spasms.
- Published
- 2006
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33. The acoustic cricothyroid response in the rat.
- Author
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Yonovitz A and Lozar J
- Subjects
- Acoustic Stimulation, Animals, Electromyography, Muscle Contraction, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Laryngeal Muscles physiology, Muscles physiology, Rats physiology
- Abstract
Contraction of the cricothyroid muscle (CTM) in the bat is known to raise vocal pitch. An electrode was placed on the CTM of 12 adult lightly-anesthetized rats and electromyograms obtained in response to 5-sec pure tones from 2-80 kc/s at 100 db SPL. Response patterns (rate-of-firing by frequency) were obtained for each rat, being greatest at frequencies below 15 kc/s. This is not the region of greatest audibility, which in the rat is thought to be 30-40 kc/s. Response latencies were determined to be 830 msec at each rat's best frequency. Evidently in rats, as in bats, the CTM is acoustically responsive, but its precise ethological role in controlling vocal pitch is not as yet understood.
- Published
- 1983
34. A theoretical evaluation of cardiac output as a function of mean arterial pressure in the human cardiovascular system.
- Author
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Miller CE, Thompson S, and Lozar J
- Subjects
- Blood Flow Velocity, Blood Viscosity, Energy Transfer, Humans, Blood Pressure, Cardiac Output, Models, Biological
- Published
- 1976
- Full Text
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35. Masking level differences: auditory evoked responses with homophasic and antiphasic signal and noise.
- Author
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Yonovitz A, Thompson CL, and Lozar J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Audiometry, Evoked Response methods, Female, Humans, Male, Noise, Time Factors, Auditory Threshold physiology, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Perceptual Masking physiology
- Abstract
Two studies were devised to determine if objective quantification of the masking level difference is possible using the auditory evoked response (AER). In the first study, click stimuli were presented under three conditions: both the stimulus and masker in phase (SoNo); stimulus in phase, masker antiphasic (SoN pi); and stimulus antiphasic with masker in phase (S pi No). In the second study 1000 Hz puretone stimuli were presented under SoNo and S pi No phasic conditions. AER's were obtained at various intensity levels for each condition. The AER demonstrated differences in N1-P2 amplitudes evoked by the homophasic and antiphasic conditions for threshold and suprathreshold levels.
- Published
- 1979
- Full Text
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