9 results on '"J. L'Archeveque"'
Search Results
2. Considerations on tooth decay
- Author
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J, L'ARCHEVEQUE
- Subjects
Humans ,Dental Caries ,Tooth - Published
- 2010
3. Occupational asthma: validity of monitoring of peak expiratory flow rates and non-allergic bronchial responsiveness as compared to specific inhalation challenge
- Author
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B Perrin, F Lagier, J L'Archeveque, A Cartier, LP Boulet, J Cote, and JL Malo
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine - Abstract
The sensitivity and specificity of monitoring peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR) and bronchial responsiveness to the provocative concentration of histamine or methacholine (PC20) has been determined as compared to specific inhalation challenges in the diagnosis of occupational asthma. A prospective study of 61 subjects referred for occupational asthma to various agents was performed. PEFR was assessed every 2 h during a period away from work for at least 2 weeks. The period at work was 2 weeks, or less if there was increased symptomatology or marked changes in PEFR. At least one PC20 assessment was obtained at work and away from work. Graphs of PEFR and PC20 values were interpreted in blind fashion by three experienced readers. There was complete agreement among the three in 54 out of 61 instances (78%). Twenty five out of 61 subjects (41%) had positive specific inhalation challenges. The best index for comparing results of PEFR with specific inhalation challenges was the visual analysis of PEFR with sensitivity and specificity of 81% and 74%. All of the numerical indices were significantly less satisfactory. We conclude that visual analysis of PEFR is an interesting tool for investigating occupational asthma, although sensitivity and specificity values do not seem satisfactory enough to warrant using it alone.
- Published
- 1992
4. Comparative effects of volume history on bronchoconstriction induced by hyperventilation and methacholine in asthmatic subjects
- Author
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JL Malo, J L'Archeveque, and A Cartier
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine - Abstract
The aim of this study was to find out if bronchodilatation following deep inspiration can be induced by the inhalation of a "natural" stimulus (hyperventilation of cold dry air), and if the effect is similar to that induced by methacholine. After baseline assessment of lung resistance (RL), 10 asthmatic subjects were asked to inhale cold dry air for 3 min. RL was monitored continuously for 3-4 min, at which time subjects were asked to take a fast deep inspiration. After recovery, the manoeuvre was repeated and RL was reassessed. The manoeuvre was then repeated a third time. After functional recovery, progressive doses of methacholine were inhaled until the increase in RL was comparable to that obtained after hyperventilation (56 +/- 16% and 65 +/- 24%, respectively, mean +/- SD, NS). The same deep inspiration manoeuvre was repeated three times with recovery as after hyperventilation of cold dry air. Maximum changes in RL were not significantly different after each of the three manoeuvres for either type of bronchoconstriction. The mean fall in RL was 14.2 +/- 9.9% after hyperventilation and 16.4 +/- 10.5% after methacholine. There was a satisfactory correlation (r = 0.80, p less than 0.01) between the bronchodilatation after deep inspiration for both types of stimuli. We conclude that the bronchodilator effect of deep inspiration is no different using either a pharmacological stimulus (methacholine) or a "natural" stimulus (hyperventilation of unconditioned air). These results show that assessing the response to hyperventilation with manoeuvres requiring deep inspiration, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) may alter airway tone in a way similar to pharmacological stimuli.
- Published
- 1990
5. Kinetics of the recovery from bronchial obstruction due to hyperventilation of cold air in asthmatic subjects
- Author
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JL Malo, A Cartier, J L'Archeveque, H Ghezzo, and RR Martin
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine - Abstract
The timecourse of recovery from bronchial obstruction due to inhaled cold air was studied in eight adult asthmatic subjects. On the first visit, bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine was assessed. On the other two visits, after assessment of baseline lung resistance (RL) and spirometry, dry cold (-20 degrees C) air was inhaled for three minutes. RL was monitored continuously until its return to baseline +/- 20%. The baseline concentration of histamine causing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20) varied from 0.03 to 5.9 mg.ml-1. The mean maximum increase in RL was 2-fold (2.03 +/- 0.41) and was reached 2-11 min after the challenge. RL values were linearly correlated to time (r2 values greater than 0.80 in 14/16 instances). The two slopes of recovery were not significantly different. Slopes of recovery and total time of recovery (14-55 min) varied greatly between subjects. No relationship was found between baseline airway calibre, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and maximal increase in baseline RL on the one hand and the slopes of recovery on the other.
- Published
- 1988
6. Identification of clinically significant psychological distress and psychiatric morbidity by examining quality of life in subjects with occupational asthma.
- Author
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Miedinger D, Lavoie KL, L'Archeveque J, Ghezzo H, and Malo JL
- Subjects
- Bronchial Provocation Tests, Chi-Square Distribution, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychometrics, Quebec, ROC Curve, Regression Analysis, Severity of Illness Index, Spirometry, Asthma psychology, Occupational Diseases psychology, Quality of Life, Stress, Psychological diagnosis, Surveys and Questionnaires
- Abstract
Background: The Juniper Asthma Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ(S)) is a questionnaire that allows measurement of disease specific quality of life. We wanted to examine correlations between the (AQLQ(S)) general and different subscale scores and both psychiatric morbidity and levels of psychological distress in individuals with occupational asthma (OA) and to determine if results in the emotional function subscale allow identification of individuals with clinically significant psychological distress or current psychiatric disorders., Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of individuals with OA who were assessed during a re-evaluation for permanent disability, after they were no longer exposed to the sensitizing agent. Patients underwent a general sociodemographic and medical history evaluation, a brief psychiatric interview (Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders, PRIME-MD) and completed a battery of questionnaires including the AQLQ(S), the St-Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), and the Psychiatric Symptom Index (PSI)., Results: There was good internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = 0.936 for the AQLQ(S) total score) and construct validity for the AQLQ(S) (Spearman rho = -0.693 for the SGRQ symptom score and rho = -0.650 for the asthma severity score). There were medium to large correlations between the total score of the AQLQ(S) and the SGRQ symptom score (r = -.693), and PSI total (r = -.619) and subscale scores (including depression, r = -.419; anxiety, r = -.664; anger, r = -.367; cognitive disturbances, r = -.419). A cut-off of 5.1 on the AQLQ(S) emotional function subscale (where 0 = high impairment and 7 = no impairment) had the best discriminative value to distinguish individuals with or without clinically significant psychiatric distress according to the PSI, and a cut-off of 4.7 best distinguished individuals with or without a current psychiatric disorder according to the PRIME-MD., Conclusions: Impaired quality of life is associated with psychological distress and psychiatric disorders in individuals with OA. Findings suggest that the AQLQ(S) questionnaire may be used to identify patients with potentially clinically significant levels of psychological distress.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Prevalence of occupational asthma among workers exposed to eastern white cedar.
- Author
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Malo JL, Cartier A, L'Archeveque J, Trudeau C, Courteau JP, and Bherer L
- Subjects
- Adult, Asthma diagnosis, Asthma etiology, Female, Humans, Male, Occupational Diseases diagnosis, Occupational Diseases etiology, Prevalence, Quebec epidemiology, Respiratory Function Tests statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, Asthma epidemiology, Dust adverse effects, Occupational Diseases epidemiology, Wood
- Abstract
We assessed the prevalence of occupational asthma among current (n = 29/31, 94%) and former (n = 13/49, 27%) employees of a sawmill in which eastern white cedar has been made into shingles during the past 3 yr. All participants answered a respiratory questionnaire, and all except one underwent spirometry and methacholine inhalation tests. All those with bronchial hyperresponsiveness (PC20 methacholine < or = 19 mg/ml) were invited to undergo specific inhalation challenges. Mean duration of exposure was 13 mo (19 workers > 12 mo). Twenty-eight workers (65%) reported a history compatible with asthma, and 25 (58%) had symptoms that were suggestive of occupational asthma. Only two subjects had significant airway obstruction (FEV1 < 80% pred) (mean value = 98% pred). Eighteen subjects (42%) had a PC20 < or = 16 mg/ml. Specific inhalation tests with plicatic acid and/or western red cedar (which contains twice as much plicatic acid as eastern white cedar), were done on 12 subjects who had a PC20 < or = 16 mg/ml when they were assessed. Three subjects were considered to have positive tests (one had an isolated immediate reaction, one had a late reaction, and one had significant changes in PC20 each time he was exposed but no changes in FEV1). Environmental monitoring showed concentrations of total dusts above 2 mg/m3 in half of the samples. The prevalence of occupational asthma in this workplace was three of 42 participants (7%) or at least three of 80 (3.8%) of all current or ex-workers. This is comparable to the prevalence of occupational asthma in subjects exposed to western red cedar.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness can improve while spirometry plateaus two to three years after repeated exposure to chlorine causing respiratory symptoms.
- Author
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Malo JL, Cartier A, Boulet LP, L'Archeveque J, Saint-Denis F, Bherer L, and Courteau JP
- Subjects
- Adult, Asthma diagnosis, Bronchial Hyperreactivity diagnosis, Bronchial Provocation Tests statistics & numerical data, Canada, Humans, Male, Methacholine Chloride, Middle Aged, Occupational Diseases diagnosis, Paper, Spirometry statistics & numerical data, Time Factors, Asthma physiopathology, Bronchial Hyperreactivity physiopathology, Chlorine adverse effects, Occupational Diseases physiopathology, Occupational Exposure adverse effects
- Abstract
Repeated exposure to chlorine in pulp mills and paper can induce persistent asthma-like symptoms such as bronchial hyperresponsiveness and variable changes in airway caliber. The long-term time course of bronchial hyperresponsiveness has not been examined. We studied 20 of 29 subjects (69% participation rate) who demonstrated bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine when they were first assessed, 18 to 24 mo after repeatedly inhaling "puffs" of high concentrations of chlorine in a paper mill over a 3-mo period. Each subject answered a respiratory questionnaire and underwent spirometry and a methacholine inhalation test 12 mo after the initial survey, 30 to 36 mo after the chlorine inhalations. Three subjects required inhaled steroids at the time of the initial survey and three at the time of the second, including two who carried on using these preparations. Only one subject changed smoking habits. There were no significant overall changes in FEV1 on the two occasions, nine subjects having a FEV1 < 80% on the first occasion and eight on the second. Six of the 18 subjects (33%) who underwent a methacholine inhalation test on both occasions had significantly improved PC20 results, including five for whom the PC20 value was within the normal range. All six subjects had normal FEV1 values on both assessments. Although changes in spirometry induced by repeated exposure to chlorine seem to persist, bronchial hyperresponsiveness can improve significantly in those with normal airway caliber. This suggests that less pronounced bronchial alterations induced by repeated exposures to chlorine may be reversible.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Considerations on tooth decay.
- Author
-
L'ARCHEVEQUE J
- Subjects
- Humans, Dental Caries, Tooth
- Published
- 1946
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