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Background: Treatment resistant depression (TRD; failure to respond to ≥2 treatments in the same major depressive episode) affects 10–30 % of patients with major depressive disorder. In Portugal, the disease burden is estimated to exceed that of heart failure, highlighting the critical unmet needs of these patients. Methods: A non-interventional cohort study of patients with TRD collected real-world data from several European countries. All patients started a new antidepressant treatment at baseline. We present a sub-analysis of baseline characteristics and Month 6 treatment outcomes in Portuguese patients. Results: Among 411 patients enrolled, 37 were Portuguese. At baseline, 45.9 % of Portuguese patients had severe depression versus 32.6 % of the total study population. Portuguese patients had numerically greater impairments in work and productivity, measured by the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire and the Sheehan Disability Scale. There was considerable heterogeneity in treatments used in the Portuguese subgroup, with 31 different treatment strategies reported. At Month 6, a greater proportion of Portuguese patients (n = 27) achieved either response or remission (40.7 %) compared with the total study population (n = 306; 26.5 %). Limitation: Small patient numbers in the Portuguese subgroup. Conclusions: The higher baseline disease severity and productivity impairment in the Portuguese subgroup relative to the total study population suggests notable societal disease burden, whilst the heterogeneity of treatments used indicates a lack of clinical consensus. Despite Portuguese patients reporting higher rates of response and remission than the overall study population, most patients failed to respond to treatment, highlighting an unmet need for TRD in Portugal.

Counterfeiting is a worldwide spread phenomenon with serious economic, social and political impacts on the society. This study examines the profile of consumers who admit to purchasing counterfeit products in Portugal. Specifically, it investigates whether demographic profile is able to impact the decision factors that drive consumers to purchase counterfeit products. The investigation reveals that a high proportion of consumers have been involved in some way in the purchase of counterfeit products, although consumers distinguish between counterfeit products that can be dangerous for its well-being (medicine) and vanity (clothes and shoes, perfume), and relatively risk-free (auto-parts, machinery) products. The study developed shows that the factors that influence the buying process of counterfeiting products in Portugal can be grouped into intangible (status, brand, design, exclusivity, fashion) and rational (price, perceived quality and personal satisfaction) factors. Finally, the findings suggest that only in one factor (price) and for age and education, the demographic characteristics seems to be important in the moment of buying counterfeit products.

Research on social entrepreneurship highlights how important resources are since a lack of them may undermine a social organization's activity and mission. To maintain or increase the amount of resources available, the social entrepreneur needs to manage his/her personal network linkages via social media to connect with current stakeholders and seek new ones. This research uses primary data collected from a survey of social organizations to see whether the social entrepreneur’s network reliance on social media increases the amount of resources available for the social organization. The primary data was collected between January and March 2020. The results obtained from 313 social organizations in Portugal show that the social entrepreneur’s network linkages have a direct and an indirect effect. Directly, managing the social entrepreneur’s linkages with stakeholders seems to attract resources for the social organization. The indirect effects occur via social media usage, firstly, by seeking and establishing relationships with new stakeholders, and secondly, by managing the personal linkages with the current network of stakeholders.

Non-biodegradable metals such as mercury accumulate in living organisms during life (bioaccumulation) and also within trophic webs (biomagnification) and may reach high concentrations in humans. The contamination of humans by mercury in drinking water and food may be common, in particular in riverside communities that have a diet rich in fish. In vitro studies of human cell lines exposed to the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of methylmercury have shown that prolactin has potential cytoprotective properties and may act as a co-mitogenic factor and inhibitor of apoptosis. The present in vivo study investigated the protective potential of prolactin against the toxic effects of methylmercury in the mammal Mus musculus. Histological and biochemical analyses, together with biomarker of genotoxicity, were used to verify the protective potential of prolactin in mice exposed to methylmercury. The reduction in kidney and liver tissue damage was not significant. However, results of biochemical and genotoxic analyses were excellent. After prolactin treatment, a significant reduction was observed in biochemical parameters and mutagenic effects of methylmercury. The study results therefore indicated that prolactin has protective effects against the toxicity of methylmercury and allowed us to suggest the continuation of research to propose prolactin in the future, as an alternative to prevent the damage caused by mercury, especially in populations that are more exposed.

Crowdfunding (CF) is a financial tool that has faced an impressive growth over the past few years, and provides an alternative form of fundraising entrepreneurial projects. However, not all CF campaigns are successful in attracting the investors’ interest and obtaining the pledging goal. As CF is built over internet platforms, digital marketing strategies have been used to improve awareness and engage people to contribute with small amounts of money for a given CF campaign. Hence, this paper intends to study the effect of social media and electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) on the CF campaigns’ outcomes and whether these digital marketing strategies might influence the small investors’ decision to support or not a reward-based CF campaign. Using a sample of data from the second largest American reward-based CF platform (Indiegogo), we have applied the multiple OLS regression analysis, to assess the causal effect of various sets of variables in the success rate of a CF campaign. The findings show that social media and e-WOM strategies play a critical role and have a positive significant impact on a CF campaign.

Introduction Compulsory admission is the last line of intervention in individuals who suffer from severe mental disorders, based on the principles of therapeutic need and social protection. In Portugal, the law configures this measure as a hospitalization by court order. The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is a global public health emergency, with multifaceted consequences for people’s lives and health. Several studies are showing a great impact of the pandemic on the overall mental health. Objectives The aim is to assess the impact of the pandemic on the number of involuntary hospitalizations, their socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, and study the differences between 2019 and 2020. Methods Consultation of all patient’s clinical files that were involuntarily admitted in Hospital Magalhães Lemos during 2019 and 2020. Statistical analysis of data. Results The authors claim to investigate the impact of the pandemic on involuntary hospitalizations, the factors of admission and decompensation and other clinical characteristics, by comparing the involuntary hospitalizations during 2019 and 2020. The authors believe that the number of compulsory admissions increased significantly with the pandemic. They also believe that factors such as increased or relapsed consumption of alcohol and drugs, suicide attempts, missed appointments and long-term injectable medication are at the root of this increase in 2020. Conclusions This study helps to analyze the impact of the new coronavirus on compulsory hospitalizations and allows to understand the main factors that aggravate the underlying pathologies. Thus, understanding the targets of greater attention from psychiatrists to avoid the decompensation of patients in times of pandemic in which we currently live. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Introduction During their career and sometimes during their training psychiatrists have to deal with the suicide of patients and have also to help other colleagues and families to cope with the situation. Suicide postvention should be integrated in psychiatric training and better implemented in both psychiatric and community contexts. Objectives To discuss the concept of suicide postvention in Psychiatry. To discuss the importance of addressing suicide postvention in psychiatric settings including during specialized training of Psychiatry residents. Methods MEDLINE and PubMed databases searches for peer-reviewed studies, published in the last ten years, using combinations of the key-words suicide postvention and psychiatry. Selection of the relevant studies according to the study aims. Results The literature search retrieved a total of 44 papers. All the articles that didn´t refer to the studied topic were excluded. Relevant articles discussing suicide postvention were selected, comprising a total of 22 articles. The reviewed papers discuss different contexts and strategies of suicide postvention that will be explored and critically discussed. Conclusions Addressing the topic of suicide postvention and implementing support programs and training in this field is crucial to psychiatry trainees, psychiatrists and other mental health professionals that integrate multidisciplinary teams, patients and their families and also to the community as a whole. Future research in this field can help to improve suicide postvention across different settings. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Caracterizou-se a brucelose bovina em Mato Grosso por meio de um estudo transversal realizado em 2003 para auxiliar na implementação do Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação da Brucelose e Tuberculose. No Estado, estratificado em quatro circuitos pecuários, foram amostrados 13.684 animais, provenientes de 1.152 rebanhos. O protocolo de testes utilizado foi o da triagem com o teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado e os soros reagentes foram testados pelo 2-mercaptoetanol (ME) e concomitantemente retestados pelo teste de Rosa Bengala para resultado conclusivo. As prevalências de focos e de animais infectados foram: 41,2% [38,0-44,4%] e 10,2% [7,4-13,1%], respectivamente. Nos circuitos produtivos, as prevalências de focos foram 36,9% [29,2-45,2%], 27,2% [22,8-32,1%], 40,4% [38,8-46,2%] e 50,3% [44,5-56,1%]; e as prevalências de animais 7,9% [3,0-12,9%], 4,1% [2,8-5,4%], 8,1% [5,2-11,1%] e 15,3% [9,2-21,3%], respectivamente, para os circuitos 1, 2, 3 e 4. Os fatores de risco (odds ratio, OR) associados à condição de foco no Estado foram: exploração de gado de corte (OR= 1,8 [1,2-2,5]), exploração mista (OR=1,8 [1,2-2,7]), número de fêmeas no rebanho de 11 a 50 (OR=4,8 [1,1-20,8]), número de fêmeas no rebanho acima de 51 (OR=6,8 [1,6-29,0]), ocorrência de aborto (OR=1,7 [1,3-2,2]). A brucelose está homogeneamente distribuída no Estado, o que permite uniformidade de medidas sanitárias. Adicionalmente, sugere-se a intensificação da vacinação de fêmeas para todo o Estado.A study to characterize bovine brucellosis in the State of Mato Grosso was carried out in 2003 in order to support the implementation of the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Bovine Brucellosis. The State was divided into four productive regions, and 13,684 bovines from 1,152 herds were sampled. The serum samples were screened for antibodies to Brucella spp. by the Rose-Bengal test (RBT) and all RBT-positive sera were re-tested by the 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME), and again by RBT for confirmation. The prevalence of infected herds and animals in the State of Mato Grosso were 41.2% [38.0-44.4%] and 10.2% [7.4-13.1%], respectively. In the productive regions, the prevalence of infected herds were 36.9% [29.2-45.2%], 27.2% [22.8-32.1%], 40.4% [38.8-46.2%], and 50.3% [44.5-56.1%], respectively; and the prevalence of infected animals were 7.9% [3.0-12.9%], 4.1% [2.8-5.4%], 8.1% [5.2-11.1%], and 15.3% [9.2-21.3%], respectively, for regions 1, 2, 3, and 4. The risk factors (odds ratio, OR) associated with the presence of the infection in the State were: beef cattle farming (OR=1.8 [1.2-2.5]), mixed (beef and dairy) cattle farming (OR=1.8 [1.2-2.7]), farms with 11 to 50 females (OR=4.8 [1.1-20.8]), farms with more than 51 females (OR=6.8 [1.6-29.0]), and occurrence of abortion (OR=1.7 [1.3-2.2]). Given that brucellosis is homogeneously distributed in the State, uniform sanitary measures might be adopted. As a homogeneous additional measure for the State, the intensification of female vaccination is suggested.

Counterfeiting is a worldwide spread phenomenon with serious economic, social and political impacts on the society. This study examines the profile of consumers who admit to purchasing counterfeit products in Portugal. Specifically, it investigates whether demographic profile is able to impact the decision factors that drive consumers to purchase counterfeit products. The investigation reveals that a high proportion of consumers have been involved in some way in the purchase of counterfeit products, although consumers distinguish between counterfeit products that can be dangerous for its well-being (medicine) and vanity (clothes and shoes, perfume), and relatively risk-free (auto-parts, machinery) products. The study developed shows that the factors that influence the buying process of counterfeiting products in Portugal can be grouped into intangible (status, brand, design, exclusivity, fashion) and rational (price, perceived quality and personal satisfaction) factors. Finally, the findings suggest that only in one factor (price) and for age and education, the demographic characteristics seems to be important in the moment of buying counterfeit products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]