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1. Determinants associated with uncontrolled asthma in Portugal: A national population-based study

Author

C. Camarinha, M. Fernandes, V. Alarc.úo, J. Franco, M.E. Mana.ºas, C. B.írbara, and P.J. Nicola

Subjects
Asthma, Control, Uncontrolled, Determinants, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Introduction and objectives: Asthma is a chronic and heterogeneous disease that affects people of all ages and has a high estimated increase in prevalence worldwide. Asthma control represents a main goal in the disease management. International studies revealed low levels of disease control resulting in a significant burden for healthcare systems, not only in terms of quality of life, but also in terms of health costs. Modifiable and non-modifiable factors have been identified as relating to poor asthma control level. In this study we evaluated the distribution of asthma control levels in Portuguese adult population and examine the determinants associated with uncontrolled asthma. Materials and methods: Using a similar methodology to the one employed in the Asthma Insights and Reality in Europe (AIRE) survey, 327 active asthmatic patients were identified by random phone number and completed a questionnaire during 2011 to 2012. Asthma control was assessed by the evaluation of GINA based symptom control, by Asthma Control Test.äó (ACT) and by self-perception of control. To examine the relationship between uncontrolled asthma and its determinants, univariate logistic regression analysis, sequential multivariable regression and population attributable risk percentage were determinate. Results: 35.2% active asthmatic patients had uncontrolled asthma, 64.8% partially controlled and none of the individuals had total control of asthma assessed by ACT test. Factors significantly associated with poor asthma control scores were: age (OR 1.02 per year of age; 95% CI: 1.01.Çô1.03), female sex (OR 1.87; 95% CI: 1.15.Çô3.04), educational level (OR 0.5; 95% CI: 0.28.Çô0.89 at high school level or over), occupation (OR 4.92; 95% CI: 2.12.Çô11.42 if looking for a first job or unemployed) (OR 2.51; 95% CI: 1.35.Çô4.65 if being retired), income (OR 0.23; 95% CI: 0.07.Çô0.72 if >619 euros), BMI (OR 1.09 per BMI unit; 95% CI: 1.03.Çô1.14), having rhinitis symptoms (OR 4.40; 95% CI: 2.56.Çô7.58) and using inhaled corticosteroids (OR 0.44; 95%CI: 0.24.Çô0.82 if used in the past or never used).Looking for a first job or being unemployed, BMI and having rhinitis symptoms remained significant after multivariate adjustments. Conclusions: Uncontrolled asthma was associated with several determinants. Their identification can contribute to improve asthma care both from clinical and from public health perspectives.

Published
2023
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2. Critical congenital heart disease detection in the ANDES: Challenges and opportunities

Author

Kelly Meza, Tania Vasquez-Loarte, J. Franco Rodriguez-Alarcon, Oscar San Roman, Jose Rojas-Camayo, Christian R. Mejia, Monica Medina, Henry A. Zapata, Annamarie Saarinen, and Katia Bravo-Jaimes

Subjects
Congenital heart disease, High altitude, Andean populations, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) represents a challenging problem in global health equity due to the need for specialized surgical or transcatheter intervention within the first year of life. CCHD screening using pulse oximetry (POS) has led to significant improvements in mortality due to early referral and intervention. Andean America represents one of the few regions in the world with increasing CHD deaths and variable POS implementation. In this manuscript, we review the current state of CCHD in Andean America, the challenges and opportunities for developing new POS algorithms that account for high-altitude physiology, data on regional cost-effectiveness supporting POS implementation and outline future directions to achieve equity in CHD care in this region.

Published
2022
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3. Socio-occupational factors associated with psychological distress in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Oscar Mamani-Benito, J. Franco Rodriguez-Alarcón, Jose Armada, Ghanddy L. Monteza, Madona Tito-Betancur, and Christian R. Mejía

Subjects
pandemia, malestar psicológico, trabajadores de salud, perú., Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Introduction: Psychological distress due to the context of the COVID-19 pandemic has become very common, especially in health care workers, who have been one of the most affected populations. Objective: To determine the socio-occupational factors associated with psychological distress in health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Peruvian highlands. Methods: Cross-sectional design study, where 3 previously validated scales measuring psychological distress, fear of being infected with COVID-19 and workload were applied (alpha values: 0.79, 0.91 and 0.83, respectively). These were added to other socio-occupational variables; descriptive and analytical statistics were obtained. Results: When multivariate analysis was performed, it was found that those who had a higher score of fear of contagion by COVID-19 (RPa: 1.45; IC95%: 1.12-1.87; valor p= 0.005) and those who had a higher perception of work overload (RPa: 1.45; IC95%: 1.12-1.87; valor p= 0.005) were those who had greater perception of psychological distress, moreover, compared to physicians, psychologists had more psychological distress (RPa: 2.73; IC95%: 1.67-4.46; valor p< 0.001). Conclusion: Significant associations were found, with the predominant finding being that there is a strong association between psychological distress and fear of possible infection with COVID-19, as well as with the perception of work overload, mainly in professional psychologists.

Published
2022

4. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on a Cancer Fast-Track Programme

Author

M. T. Martínez, S. Moragon, B. Ortega-Morillo, J. Montón-Bueno, S. Simon, S. Roselló, A. Insa, A. Viala, J. Navarro, A. Sanmartín, C. Fluixá, A. Julve, D. Soriano, E. Buch, A. Peña, J. Franco, J. Martínez-Jabaloyas, J. Marco, M. J. Forner, A. Cano, A. Silvestre, A Teruel, B. Bermejo, A. Cervantes, and I. Chirivella Gonzalez

Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted many aspects of clinical practice in oncology, particularly regarding early cancer diagnosis, sparking public health concerns that possible delays could increase the proportion of patients diagnosed at advanced stages. In 2009, a cancer fast-track program (CFP) was implemented at the Clinico-Malvarrosa Health Department in Valencia, Spain with the aim of shortening waiting times between suspected cancer symptoms, diagnosis and therapy initiation. Objectives The study aimed to explore the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our cancer diagnosis fast-track program. Methods The program workflow (patients included and time periods) was analysed from the beginning of the state of alarm on March 16th, 2020 until March 15th, 2021. Data was compared with data from the same period of time from the year before (2019). Results During the pandemic year, 975 suspected cancer cases were submitted to the CFP. The number of submissions only decreased during times of highest COVID-19 incidence and stricter lockdown, and overall, referrals were slightly higher than in the previous 2 years. Cancer diagnosis was confirmed in 197 (24.1%) cases, among which 33% were urological, 23% breast, 16% gastrointestinal and 9% lung cancer. The median time from referral to specialist appointment was 13 days and diagnosis was reached at a median of 18 days. In confirmed cancer cases, treatment was started at around 30 days from time of diagnosis. In total, 61% of cancer disease was detected at early stage, 20% at locally advanced stage, and 19% at advanced stage, displaying time frames and case proportions similar to pre-pandemic years. Conclusions Our program has been able to maintain normal flow and efficacy despite the challenges of the current pandemic, and has proven a reliable tool to help primary care physicians referring suspected cancer patients.

Published
2022
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5. Validity of a scale of Latin American perception of fear and concern transmitted by the media during the pandemic (MED-LAT-COVID-19)

Author

Luciana D. Garlisi-Torales, Telmo Raúl Aveiro-Róbalo, Renzo Felipe Carranza Esteban, Oscar Mamani-Benito, Martín A. Vilela-Estrada, Víctor Serna-Alarcón, Alexandra I. Kam-Artime, Sheila E. Garcia-Aldama, Dennis Arias-Chávez, J. Franco Rodriguez-Alarcón, and Christian R. Mejia

Subjects
Communications media, Fear, Pandemics, COVID-19 (source: MeSH NLM), Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Introduction: The pandemic has caused fear, especially due to the daily disseminated news; however, there is not an instrument to measure this fear in multiple realities. Objective: To validate a scale for Latin American perception of fear and concern transmitted by the media during the pandemic. Methodology: This is an instrumental study. The survey was based on an instrument which was pre-validated in Peru and submitted to 15 experts in almost 10 countries. Subsequently, thousands of people were surveyed in 13 Latin American countries, whose answers were used for descriptive statistics for validation. Results: Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) generated two re-specifications, where four items were eliminated from the original scale. With these changes, the global goodness of fit (absolute and incremental) were satisfactory (CFI = 0.978; TLI = 0.964; GFI = 0.976; AGFI = 0.949; RMSEA = 0.075 and RMR = 0.029). The first factor measures the media exaggeration (three questions); the second, the fear transmitted by the media (three questions); and the third, the fear transmitted by others different from the media (two questions). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was higher than 0.70 for the scale and its factors. Conclusion: The MED-LAT-COVID-19 scale reported a good adjustment. It has eight items in three factors, which could be measured in an isolated way, or along with other tests that assess mental health in the current pandemic context.

Published
2022
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6. Translation into Spanish and validation of feedback in medical education questionnaire (FEEDME-Culture) during clinical rotations

Author

Salomón Huancahuire-Vega, Michael White, Juliana da Fonseca Campos, Martín D. Castillo-Ariza, Renzo Felipe Carranza-Esteban, J. Franco Rodriguez-Alarcon, and Christian R. Mejia

Subjects
Validation, Translation, Feedback culture, Medical students, Clinical practicum, Education (General), L7-991, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Resumen: Introducción: El cuestionario Cultura de retroalimentación en educación médica es una escala validad que determina la percepción de la cultura de retroalimentación en países de habla inglesa. El objetivo de este trabajo es validar este cuestionario en su versión española en estudiantes de medicina peruanos durante una rotación clínica. Métodos: Un estudio observacional, analítico de tipo instrumental fue realizado en 139 estudiantes de medicina. La validez de la escala fue determinada por V-de-Aiken e intervalos de confianza. Se realizaron pruebas de análisis factorial y alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: Todos los valores fueron estadísticamente significativos cuando se evaluaron con el coeficiente V-de-Aiken. Además, la asimetría y curtosis de todos los ítems son adecuados ya que no exceden el rango >± 1.5. La significancia de la prueba de esfericidad de Barlett (1521.8; gl = 120; p = 0.001) y el coeficiente Kaiser Meyer-Olkin (KMO = .953) fueron adecuados y el análisis factorial exploratorio reveló una estructura de dos factores. El coeficiente α de Cronbach de la escala total y sus factores, fue superior a 0,80. Conclusiones: El cuestionario Cultura de retroalimentación en educación médica en español es una escala válida para evaluar la percepción sobre la cultura de retroalimentación en estudiantes de medicina que están realizando rotación clínica. Abstract: Introduction: The Feedback-Culture in Medical Education questionnaire is a validated scale to determine students’ perceptions of feedback culture in English-speaking countries. The objective of this work is to validate this questionnaire in its Spanish language version for Peruvian medical students during a clinical rotation. Methods: An observational, instrumental-type analytical study was conducted on 139 medical students. The validity of the scale was determined by means of the Aiken's V coefficient and confidence intervals. Factorial analysis tests and Cronbach's alpha were performed. Results: All values were statistically significant when evaluated with Aiken's V coefficient. In addition, the asymmetry and kurtosis of all items are adequate as they do not exceed the range >±1.5. The significance of the Barlett sphericity test (1521.8; gl = 120; p = 0.001) and the Kaiser Meyer-Olkin coefficient (KMO = .953) were adequate and exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure. Cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale and its factors was higher than 0.80. Conclusions: The Feedback-Culture in Medical Education – Spanish questionnaire is a valid scale to evaluate the perception about feedback culture in medical students who are doing a clinical rotation.

Published
2021
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7. Palladin isoforms 3 and 4 regulate cancer-associated fibroblast pro-tumor functions in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Author

J. I. Alexander, D. B. Vendramini-Costa, R. Francescone, T. Luong, J. Franco-Barraza, N. Shah, J. C. Gardiner, E. Nicolas, K. S. Raghavan, and E. Cukierman

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a five-year survival under 10%. Treatment is compromised due to a fibrotic-like stromal remodeling process, known as desmoplasia, which limits therapeutic perfusion, supports tumor progression, and establishes an immunosuppressive microenvironment. These processes are driven by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), functionally activated through transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ1). CAFs produce a topographically aligned extracellular matrix (ECM) that correlates with reduced overall survival. Paradoxically, ablation of CAF populations results in a more aggressive disease, suggesting CAFs can also restrain PDAC progression. Thus, unraveling the mechanism(s) underlying CAF functions could lead to therapies that reinstate the tumor-suppressive features of the pancreatic stroma. CAF activation involves the f-actin organizing protein palladin. CAFs express two palladin isoforms (iso3 and iso4) which are up-regulated in response to TGFβ1. However, the roles of iso3 and iso4 in CAF functions remain elusive. Using a CAF-derived ECM model, we uncovered that iso3/iso4 are required to sustain TGFβ1-dependent CAF activation, secrete immunosuppressive cytokines, and produce a pro-tumoral ECM. Findings demonstrate a novel role for CAF palladin and suggest that iso3/iso4 regulate both redundant and specific tumor-supportive desmoplastic functions. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting CAFs to restore fibroblastic anti-tumor activity in the pancreatic microenvironment.

Published
2021
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8. Repercusiones académicas de la educación virtual en los estudiantes de Latinoamérica: validación de una escala

Author

J. Franco Rodriguez-Alarcon, Daniella Vinelli-Arzubiaga, Telmo Raúl Aveiro-Róbalo, Luciana D. Garlisi-Torales, José Emmanuel Hernández Delgado, Rahí K. Marticorena-Flores, Claudia Benavides-Luyo, Renzo Felipe Carranza Esteban, Oscar Mamani-Benito, and Christian R. Mejia

Subjects
Pandemic, COVID-19, Distance education, Latin America, Education (General), L7-991, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Resumen: Introducción: el advenimiento de la pandemia de la COVID-19 ha obligado a los estudiantes a poder adaptarse a los nuevos medios de educación. El cierre de los centros educativos ha generado una migración masiva a la virtualidad y, en muchos casos, ni las instituciones ni los educandos se encontraban preparados para esta modalidad. Objetivo: validar una escala que mida las repercusiones académicas a consecuencia de las medidas tomadas por la pandemia entre los universitarios de 13 países de Latinoamérica. Metodología: estudio de tipo instrumental, analítico y de corte transversal. El muestreo fue no probabilístico y por conveniencia. Se realizaron evaluaciones de forma y fondo. La evaluación de fondo fue realizada por medio de juicio de expertos y se realizó un pequeño piloto para poder evaluar la forma de los ítems. Resultados: en el análisis de fondo, el ítem 1 es el más relevante (V = 0,93; IC 95%: 0,82 – 0,98), lo mismo sucede en representatividad y claridad. Además, en el análisis preliminar de los ítems se aprecia que el ítem 6 tiene el mayor puntaje promedio (M = 2,67) y el ítem 1 el más bajo (M = 2,19). Respecto a la variabilidad, el ítem 4 (DE = 1,40) muestra la mayor dispersión. La pertinencia del análisis factorial exploratorio se justifica con el coeficiente Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (0,854) y el test de Bartlett (17.716,5; gl = 15; p = 0,000) siendo aceptables y significativos. Conclusiones: la escala REP-ACAD-COVID-19-LAT es una escala válida y confiable para medir las repercusiones de la virtualidad en tiempos de urgencia sanitaria como la pandemia de la COVID-19. Abstract: Introduction: The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has forced students to be able to adapt to new means of education. The closure of educational centers has generated a massive migration to virtuality and, often, neither the institutions nor the students were prepared for this modality. Objective: To validate a scale that measures the academic repercussions as a consequence of the measures taken by the pandemic among university students in 13 countries of Latin America. Methodology: Instrumental, analytical and cross-sectional study. The sampling was non-probabilistic and by convenience. Evaluations of form and substance were carried out. The substantive evaluation was carried out by expert judgment, and a small pilot was conducted to evaluate the form of the items. Results: In the substantive analysis, item 1 was the most relevant (V = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.82-0.98), as was the case for representativeness and clarity. Furthermore, the preliminary analysis of the items shows that item 6 has the highest mean score (M = 2.67) and item 1 the lowest (M = 2.19). Regarding variability, item 4 (SD = 1.40) shows the greatest dispersion. The relevance of the exploratory factor analysis is justified by the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin coefficient (0.854) and Bartlett's test (17716.5; gl = 15; p = 0.000) being acceptable and significant. Conclusions: The REP-ACAD-COVID-19-LAT scale is a valid and reliable scale to measure the impact of virtuality in times of health emergency such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Published
2022
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9. The perception of resident physicians on the subject of mental health in the third year of the medical residency of a public university in Lima-Peru.

Author

Edgar Miraval Rojas and J. Franco Rodriguez - Alarcon

Subjects
mental health, intership and residency, perception, courses, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Introduction: Mental health is a topic that has taken on great importance in recent years and hasbecome a substantial part of many training programs around the world. Objective: Determine theperception of the resident doctor of the mental health subject during the last year of the medicalresidency. Methods: Observational, descriptive and transversal study with a sample of 130 students ofthe Mental Health course of the medical residency given by the Universidad Nacional Federico Villarrealwho were surveyed with a 10-question form that sought to know the students' perceptions about thiscourse. The sample was non-probabilistic. Results: Of the 130 students surveyed, 57.69% were womenand 13.85% were pediatricians, 57.69% were in a clinical specialty and 58.46% were in a residencyprogram. An exploratory analysis was made: concerning the importance of the course, differenceswith age range (p = 0.038) and residency modality (p = 0.005) were found. Besides, with respect to theacceptance of the course, differences with age range (p = 0.021) and type of residence (p = 0.053) werefound. Conclusion: The participants of the mental health course of the medical resident have goodacceptance of the subject and consider it important.

Published
2020
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10. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients treated with antipsychotics

Author

A. Delgado, J. Velosa, R. Avelar, J. Franco, and M. Heitor

Subjects
GLP-1RA, glucagon like peptide, obesity, Antipsychotics, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Introduction Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an endogenous peptide that stimulates insulin secretion and decreases glucagon secretion. The use of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) showed efficacy reducing the weight and glucose levels in patients with and without type 2 diabetes. This effect was also associated with a decreased risk of major cardiovascular events. Objectives Our aim is to review the role of GLP-1RA in psychiatric patients at cardio-metabolic risk due to antipsychotics treatment. Methods We reviewed articles published in PubMed using the keywords: “GLP-1” “glucagon like peptide” “antipsychotics” and “psychiatry”. Results The number need to treat (NNT) to achieve clinical meaningful weight loss was 3.8. GLP-1RA treatment was also associated with greater reductions in body mass index, fasting glucose, HbA1c and visceral fat. This effect is true for antipsychotic treatment in general and for those on clozapine and olanzapine in particular. Overall, the GLP-1RA are well tolerated with nausea being the most common related adverse effect. Other variables such as age, sex, psychosis severity, nausea or any adverse drug reaction did not affect the weight loss. Conclusions Studies showed a promising role in the management of antipsychotics induced weight gain, particularly in clozapine and olanzapine treated patients. Although these promising results, the route of administration, with a daily or weekly subcutaneous injection, and the GLP-1RA associated financial costs, can be viewed as important factors which can limit the wide use of this type of treatment in psychiatric patients. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Published
2021
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11. Repercusión académica de la COVID-19 en universitarios peruanos

Author

Christian R. Mejia, J. Franco Rodriguez-Alarcon, Julio C. Charri, Daniela Liendo-Venegas, Noelia Morocho-Alburqueque, Christeam A. Benites-Ibarra, Maryory S. Avalos-Reyes, Daril S. Medina-Palomino, Renzo Felipe Carranza-Esteban, and Oscar Mamani-Benito

Subjects
coronavirus, estudiantes de medicina, estudios de validación, percepción, actividades educativas, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Introducción: La pandemia del coronavirus ha generado que muchos estudiantes teman perder el ciclo. Objetivo: Validar una escala que mida la percepción de posibles repercusiones académicas en estudiantes universitarios en el Perú. Metodología: Se realizó un proceso de validación de un test que mide la percepción acerca de las posibles repercusiones académicas en estudiantes universitarios. La validación se realizó mediante búsqueda de literatura científica, construcción del primer bosquejo, validación del test por expertos (59 expertos: epidemiólogos, investigadores, médicos), análisis factorial exploratorio y estadístico. Resultados: Respecto a la relevancia se observa que el ítem 7 es más esencial o importante que los demás (V = 1,00; IC 95 %: 0,73-0,96). El ítem 8 (M = 3,80; σ = 1,152) presenta la mayor media y, la más baja, el ítem 6 (M = 3,03; DE = 1,342). La pertinencia del AFE se justifica con el índice KMO (0,85) y la prueba de Bartlett (12577,0; gl = 28; p = < 0,001) siendo aceptables y significativos. Se obtuvo un coeficiente α de Cronbach de 0,899 con un intervalo de confianza del 95 % de 0,882-0,898; indicando que la consistencia del instrumento es buena. Conclusiones: Se validó una escala de factor único que mide la percepción que tienen los estudiantes universitarios acerca de las posibles repercusiones de la pandemia del coronavirus en sus estudios. Es necesario evaluar cada realidad y el instrumento puede servir como una escala base para ello.

Published
2021

12. Percepción de las medidas de salud pública en Perú para frenar el avance de la COVID-19

Author

Christian R. Mejia, Dayana Ticona, J. Franco Rodriguez-Alarcon, Alejandra M. Campos-Urbina, Humberto Garayar-Peceros, Jhordan B. Catay-Medina, Thalia Porta-Quinto, Lizet Garay-Rios, Christian Ignacio-Quinte, and Sonya Guevara-Sosa

Subjects
coronavirus, infecciones por coronavirus, gobierno, salud pública., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Introducción: Es importante medir en la población la percepción del impacto que han tenido las medidas adoptadas por los gobiernos ante la rápida expansión del coronavirus. Objetivo: Determinar la percepción de las medidas implementadas por el gobierno de Perú en materia de salud pública para frenar el avance de la COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio transversal, analítico y multicéntrico, para el cual se hizo una encuesta virtual en la que participaron más de 4000 personas de todo el país. Resultados: La gran mayoría estaban a favor que esta es una epidemia/pandemia grave (47 % de acuerdo y 42 % muy de acuerdo), sin embargo, solo el 22 %, 21 %, 17 % y 46 % que el país, el sector salud, los hospitales y los médicos, respectivamente, están preparados para enfrentarla. Las medidas más apoyadas en cuanto a migración fueron la aprobación del cierre de fronteras (68 % muy de acuerdo) y no dejar entrar a quienes estuvieron en China u otros países con elevadas cifras de casos de coronavirus (60 % muy de acuerdo). Asimismo, estuvieron de acuerdo que no deben celebrarse eventos masivos por un tiempo (69 % muy de acuerdo), seguidos por quienes proponían declarar la salud pública en emergencia (61 % muy de acuerdo) y el cierren de colegios y universidades por un tiempo (50 % muy de acuerdo). Se encontraron muchas asociaciones estadísticas de estas percepciones, según sexo, edad o grado académico (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: La población estuvo de acuerdo con la mayoría de las medidas, algunas fueron más apoyadas y estuvieron asociadas a las características socioeducativas.

Published
2020

13. Physiological and anthropometric variations in workers according to their residence in three geographical altitudes of Peru

Author

Christian R. Mejia, Onice J. Cáceres, J. Franco Rodriguez-Alarcon, and Ibraín Enrique Corrales-Reyes

Subjects
medicina del trabajo, fisio-ergonómico, trabajadores, altura, perú, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Introduction: The organism adapts to the place where it resides, but this topic in the Peruvian working populationhas not been studied. Objective: To determine the physiological and anthropometric variations in workers according to their residence in three geographical altitudes of Peru. Methodology: Analytic cross-sectional research was performed, with physiologic (six laboratory parameters) and anthropometric (weight and height) data of 7500 workers at three different altitudes: Lima (sea level), Arequipa (2500 meters above the sea level) and Cerro de Pasco (4300 meters above the sea level). These were standards measurements, carried out for quality certified clinical occupational evaluations. Coefficients and p values for altitude differences, and adjusted by sex and age were obtained. Results: All the fisio-anthropometric parameters varied according to the residence altitude (p values

Published
2020

14. Validation of a short scale for measuring the level of basic knowledge about Coronavirus, Peru (KNOW-P-COVID-19)

Author

Christian R. Mejia, J. Franco Rodriguez-Alarcon, Macarena Carbajal, Jhesly Sifuentes-Rosales, Alejandra M. Campos-Urbina, Julio C. Charri, Lizet Garay-Rios, Ali Al-Kassab-Cordova, Oscar Mamani-Benito, and Edison Effer Apaza-Tarqui

Subjects
estudios de validación, coronavirus, conocimiento, pandemias, sars-cov-2, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

The coronavirus has generated the last pandemic, therefore, knowing this disease is important in all populations. For this, a short scale was validated to measure basic knowledge about Coronavirus (KNOW-P-COVID-19). First, it carried out a bibliographic search, then it was systematized and obtained the most important aspects, then a validation of the construct with experts, then exploratory factor analysis and the survey was applied to a large Peruvian population group. All items received a favorable evaluation from the experts (Aiken's V> 0.70); all the lower limit values (Li) of the 95% CI are appropriate (Li> 0.59) and all the values of the V coefficient were statistically significant. In the Exploratory Factor Analysis (AFE), the KMO Coefficient = 0.690 and the p value of the chi square

Published
2020
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15. Percepción de miedo o exageración que transmiten los medios de comunicación en la población peruana durante la pandemia de la COVID–19

Author

Christian R. Mejia, J. Franco Rodriguez-Alarcon, Lizet Garay-Rios, Maria de Guadalupe Enriquez-Anco, Alfrando Moreno, Kennedy Huaytan-Rojas, Nory Huancahuari-Ñañacc Huari, Angel Julca-Gonzales, Christian H. Alvarez, José Choque-Vargas, and Walter H. Curioso

Subjects
coronavirus, pandemia, medios de comunicación, miedo, perú., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Introducción: En crisis sanitarias mundiales los medios de comunicación son importantes para informar sobre los temas relevantes a la población. Objetivo: Caracterizar y encontrar asociaciones de la percepción de miedo o exageración que transmiten los medios de comunicación en la pandemia del COVID–19 en ciudades del Perú. Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico y multicéntrico. Se realizó una encuesta virtual a 4009 personas, en 17 ciudades del Perú, del 15-20 de marzo del 2020. El instrumento, previamente validado, evaluó tres factores: la exageración de los medios; el miedo generado y la comunicación que provenía del personal de salud, familiares y amigos. Los coeficientes de relación y los valores p fueron calculados a través del uso de modelos lineales generalizados, con familia Gaussian y función de enlace identity. Se consideraron a los valores de p

Published
2020

16. Fatalism due to the possibility of coronavirus infection: Generation and validation of an instrument (F-COVID-19)

Author

Christian R. Mejia, J. Franco Rodriguez - Alarcon, Macarena Carbajal, Pierina Pérez - Espinoza, Luz A. Porras - Carhuamaca, Jhesly Sifuentes - Rosales, Jhuliana M. Contreras - Cabrera, Renzo Felipe Carranza Esteban, and Percy G. Ruiz Mamani

Subjects
coronavirus, estudios de validación, resultado fatal, pandemia, sars-covd, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Coronavirus has generated a kind of "mass hysteria" in various populations. A validation process was generated for a test that measures fatalism in the face of the possibility of infection by the coronavirus. A validation process was carried out in five phases: literature search and construction of the first draft, substantive judgement with 28 experts, formal evaluation with 280 people, pilot for exploratory factor analysis in 389 people (in both cases there were 17 cities in Peru) and confirmation of the validity of the final construct with 10 experts. The statisticians of KMO (0.779) and Bartlett (572.6; gl = 21; p < 0.001) presented acceptable and significant results. The total variance explained by the 7 items distributed in 2 factors is 58.9%, which is adequate. Robust analyses show that the factor structure is satisfactory (X2 = 21.161; p = 0.007; IFC = 0.984; GFI = 0.996; TLI = 0.957; RMSEA = 0.067 and RMSR = 0.033). A 7-item scale was generated to measure the fatalistic measures people might have or take if they became ill with the coronavirus

Published
2020
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17. Factors associated with fatalism in the face of COVID-19 in 20 Peruvian cities in March 2020

Author

Christian R. Mejia, Alan Quispe-Sancho, J. Franco Rodriguez - Alarcon, Laura -Ccasa-Valero, Vania L. Ponce-López, Elizabeth S. Varela-Villanueva, Rahi K. Marticorena-Flores, Scherlli E. Chamorro-Espinoza, Maryori S. Avalos-Reyes, and Jean J. Vera-Gonzales

Subjects
coronavirus, pandemia, percepción, perú, sars – covid-19., Medicine (General), R5-920, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has generated diverse reactions, but these have not yet been measured in the Latin American population.Objective: To determine the factors associated with the perception of fatalism in the face of COVID-19 infection in inhabitants of 20 cities in Peru.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional, multicenter study with a sample size of 2 466 people from 20 cities of Peru that measured fatalism during the COVID-19 pandemic was conducted through a validated survey (Cronbach´s alpha: 0,78) consisting of 7 items. Statistical analysis was conducted in terms of each city, and p < 0,05 was considered significant.Results: Of the 2 466 respondents, 36 % were depressed, 26 % thought that they might die, 17 % say that this was evidence of the end of the world, and 9 % could make a fatal decision. Women were more likely to engage in three of the fatalistic behaviors (becoming infected, p = 0,020; infecting others, p = 0,004, and becoming depressed, p = 0,020). At an older age there were 5 perceptions (infecting others, p = 0,007; becoming complicated, p < 0,001; becoming depressed, p < 0,001, thinking they would die, p < 0,001; or committing suicide, p = 0,014). Those at risk of complications of COVID-19 had 4 perceptions (infecting others, p = 0,024; becoming complicated, p = 0,002; thinking they would die, p < 0,001; and thinking that this is a sign of the end of the world, p = 0,039). Respondents who were agnostic exhibited a lower frequency in 5 perceptions, while atheist respondents showed a lower frequency in 2 perceptions.Conclusion: Many fatalistic ideas are found among the population in the face of the coronavirus pandemic.

Published
2020

18. High Mobility In0.53Ga0.47As MOSFETs With Steep Sub-Threshold Slope Achieved by Remote Reduction of Native III-V Oxides With Metal Electrodes

Author

S. Yoshida, H. C. Lin, A. Vais, A. Alian, J. Franco, S. El Kazzi, Y. Mols, Y. Miyanami, M. Nakazawa, N. Collaert, H. Watanabe, and A. Thean

Subjects
High-k gate dielectrics, indium gallium arsenide, MOSFETs, semiconductor-insulator interfaces, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

We have validated that the electrical performances of the In0.53Ga0.47As MOSFETs such as sub-threshold slope (SS) and electron mobility were dependent on interfacial reactions in the metal/highk/InGaAs gate stacks which could be controlled remotely by choice of the metal electrodes. We demonstrated In0.53Ga0.47As MOSFETs with high mobility (peak mobility ~1300 cm2/Vs) and superior SS performance (SS 76.4 mV/dec) at the scaled CET region owing to the remote reduction of the native III-V oxide by the TiN electrodes.

Published
2017
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20. ESICM LIVES 2016: part one

Author

L. Bos, L. Schouten, L. van Vught, M. Wiewel, D. Ong, O. Cremer, A. Artigas, I. Martin-Loeches, A. Hoogendijk, T. van der Poll, J. Horn, N. Juffermans, M. Schultz, N. de Prost, T. Pham, G. Carteaux, A. Mekontso Dessap, C. Brun-Buisson, E. Fan, G. Bellani, J. Laffey, A. Mercat, L. Brochard, B. Maitre, LUNG SAFE investigators and the ESICM study group, P. A. Howells, D. R. Thickett, C. Knox, D. P. Park, F. Gao, O. Tucker, T. Whitehouse, D. F. McAuley, G. D. Perkins, LUNG SAFE Investigators and the ESICM Trials Group, L. Pisani, J. P. Roozeman, F. D. Simonis, A. Giangregorio, L. R. Schouten, S. M. Van der Hoeven, A. Serpa Neto, E. Festic, A. M. Dondorp, S. Grasso, L. D. Bos, M. J. Schultz, M. Koster-Brouwer, D. Verboom, B. Scicluna, K. van de Groep, J. Frencken, M. Bonten, J. I. Ko, K. S. Kim, G. J. Suh, W. Y. Kwon, K. Kim, J. H. Shin, O. T. Ranzani, E. Prina, R. Menendez, A. Ceccato, R. Mendez, C. Cilloniz, A. Gabarrus, M. Ferrer, A. Torres, A. Urbano, L. A. Zhang, D. Swigon, F. Pike, R. S. Parker, G. Clermont, C. Scheer, S. O. Kuhn, A. Modler, M. Vollmer, C. Fuchs, K. Hahnenkamp, S. Rehberg, M. Gründling, A. Taggu, N. Darang, N. Öveges, I. László, K. Tánczos, M. Németh, G. Lebák, B. Tudor, D. Érces, J. Kaszaki, W. Huber, D. Trásy, Z. Molnár, G. Ferrara, V. S. Kanoore Edul, H. S. Canales, E. Martins, C. Canullán, G. Murias, M. O. Pozo, J. F. Caminos Eguillor, M. G. Buscetti, C. Ince, A. Dubin, H. D. Aya, A. Rhodes, N. Fletcher, R. M. Grounds, M. Cecconi, M. Jacquet-Lagrèze, M. Riche, R. Schweizer, P. Portran, W. Fornier, M. Lilot, J. Neidecker, J. L. Fellahi, A. Escoresca-Ortega, A. Gutiérrez-Pizarraya, L. Charris-Castro, Y. Corcia-Palomo, E. Fernandez-Delgado, J. Garnacho-Montero, C. Roger, L. Muller, L. Elotmani, J. Lipman, J. Y. Lefrant, J. A. Roberts, R. Muñoz-Bermúdez, M. Samper, C. Climent, F. Vasco, V. Sara, S. Luque, N. Campillo, S. Grau Cerrato, J. R. Masclans, F. Alvarez-Lerma, S. Carvalho Brugger, G. Jimenez Jimenez, M. Miralbés Torner, J. Trujillano Cabello, B. Balsera Garrido, X. Nuvials Casals, F. Barcenilla Gaite, M. Vallverdú Vidal, M. Palomar Martínez, V. Gusarov, D. Shilkin, M. Dementienko, E. Nesterova, N. Lashenkova, A. Kuzovlev, M. Zamyatin, A. Demoule, S. Carreira, S. Lavault, O. Palancca, E. Morawiec, J. Mayaux, I. Arnulf, T. Similowski, B. S. Rasmussen, R. G. Maltesen, M. Hanifa, S. Pedersen, S. R. Kristensen, R. Wimmer, M. Panigada, G. Li Bassi, T. Kolobow, A. Zanella, M. Cressoni, L. Berra, V. Parrini, H. Kandil, G. Salati, S. Livigni, A. Amatu, A. Andreotti, F. Tagliaferri, G. Moise, G. Mercurio, A. Costa, A. Vezzani, S. Lindau, J. Babel, M. Cavana, D. Consonni, A. Pesenti, L. Gattinoni, for the GRAVITY-VAP TRIAL NETWORK, P. Mansouri, F. Zand, L. Zahed, F. Dehghanrad, M. Bahrani, M. Ghorbani, B. Cambiaghi, O. Moerer, T. Mauri, N. Kunze-Szikszay, C. Ritter, M. Quintel, L. M. Vilander, M. A. Kaunisto, S. T. Vaara, V. Pettilä, FINNAKI Study Group, J. L. G. Haitsma Mulier, S. Rozemeijer, A. M. E. Spoelstra-de Man, P. E. Elbers, P. R. Tuinman, M. C. de Waard, H. M. Oudemans-van Straaten, A. M. A. Liberatore, R. B. Souza, A. M. C. R. P. F. Martins, J. C. F. Vieira, I. H. J. Koh, M. Galindo Martínez, R. Jiménez Sánchez, L. Martínez Gascón, M. D. Rodríguez Mulero, A. Ortín Freire, A. Ojados Muñoz, S. Rebollo Acebes, Á. Fernández Martínez, S. Moreno Aliaga, L. Herrera Para, J. Murcia Payá, F. Rodríguez Mulero, P. Guerci, Y. Ince, P. Heeman, B. Ergin, Z. Uz, M. Massey, R. Papatella, E. Bulent, F. Toraman, E. R. Longbottom, H. D. Torrance, H. C. Owen, C. J. Hinds, R. M. Pearse, M. J. O’Dywer, Z. Trogrlic, M. van der Jagt, H. Lingsma, H. H. Ponssen, J. F. Schoonderbeek, F. Schreiner, S. J. Verbrugge, S. Duran, T. van Achterberg, J. Bakker, D. A. M. P. J. Gommers, E. Ista, A. Krajčová, P. Waldauf, F. Duška, A. Shah, N. Roy, S. McKechnie, C. Doree, S. Fisher, S. J. Stanworth, J. F. Jensen, D. Overgaard, M. H. Bestle, D. F. Christensen, I. Egerod, The RAPIT Group, A. Pivkina, I. Zhivotneva, N. Pasko, A. Alklit, R. L. Hansen, H. Knudsen, L. B. Grode, The RAPIT group, M. Hravnak, L. Chen, A. Dubrawski, M. R. Pinsky, S. M. Parry, L. D. Knight, B. C. Connolly, C. E. Baldwin, Z. A. Puthucheary, L. Denehy, N. Hart, P. E. Morris, J. Mortimore, C. L. Granger, H. I. Jensen, R. Piers, B. Van den Bulcke, J. Malmgren, V. Metaxa, A. K. Reyners, M. Darmon, K. Rusinova, D. Talmor, A. P. Meert, L. Cancelliere, L. Zubek, P. Maia, A. Michalsen, J. Decruyenaere, E. Kompanje, S. Vanheule, E. Azoulay, S. Vansteelandt, D. Benoit, C. Ryan, D. Dawson, J. Ball, K. Noone, B. Aisling, S. Prudden, A. Ntantana, D. Matamis, S. Savvidou, M. Giannakou, M. Gouva, G. Nakos, V. Koulouras, J. Aron, G. Lumley, D. Milliken, K. Dhadwal, B. A. McGrath, S. J. Lynch, B. Bovento, G. Sharpe, E. Grainger, S. Pieri-Davies, S. Wallace, B. McGrath, M. Jung, J. Cho, H. Park, G. Suh, O. Kousha, J. Paddle, L. Gamrin Gripenberg, M. Sundström Rehal, J. Wernerman, O. Rooyackers, H. J. de Grooth, W. P. Choo, A. M. Spoelstra-de Man, E. L. Swart, L. Talan, G. Güven, N. D. Altıntas, M. Padar, G. Uusvel, L. Starkopf, J. Starkopf, A. Reintam Blaser, M. S. Kalaiselvan, A. S. Arunkumar, M. K. Renuka, R. L. Shivkumar, M. Volbeda, D. ten Kate, M. Hoekstra, J. M. van der Maaten, M. W. Nijsten, A. Komaromi, Å. Norberg, M. Smedberg, M. Mori, L. Pettersson, M. Theodorakopoulou, T. Christodoulopoulou, A. Diamantakis, F. Frantzeskaki, M. Kontogiorgi, E. Chrysanthopoulou, M. Lygnos, C. Diakaki, A. Armaganidis, K. Gundogan, E. Dogan, R. Coskun, S. Muhtaroglu, M. Sungur, T. Ziegler, M. Guven, A. Kleyman, W. Khaliq, D. Andreas, M. Singer, R. Meierhans, R. Schuepbach, I. De Brito-Ashurst, G. Sabetian, R. Nikandish, F. Hagar, M. Masjedi, B. Maghsudi, A. Vazin, E. Asadpour, K. C. Kao, L. C. Chiu, C. Y. Hung, C. H. Chang, S. H. Li, H. C. Hu, S. El Maraghi, M. Ali, D. Rageb, M. Helmy, J. Marin-Corral, C. Vilà, A. Vàzquez, I. Martín-Loeches, E. Díaz, J. C. Yébenes, A. Rodriguez, F. Álvarez-Lerma, H1N1 SEMICYUC/GETGAG Working Group, N. Varga, A. Cortina-Gutiérrez, L. Dono, M. Martínez-Martínez, C. Maldonado, E. Papiol, M. Pérez-Carrasco, R. Ferrer, K. Nweze, B. Morton, I. Welters, M. Houard, B. Voisin, G. Ledoux, S. Six, E. Jaillette, S. Nseir, S. Romdhani, R. Bouneb, D. Loghmari, N. Ben Aicha, J. Ayachi, K. Meddeb, I. Chouchène, A. Khedher, M. Boussarsar, K. S. Chan, W. L. Yu, J. Nolla, L. Vidaur, J. Bonastre, B. Suberbiola, J. E. Guerrero, H1N1 SEMICYUC/GETGAG working group, N. Ramon Coll, G. Jiménez Jiménez, J. Codina Calero, M. García, M. C. de la Torre, E. Vendrell, E. Palomera, E. Güell, M. Serra-Prat, J. F. Bermejo-Martín, J. Almirall, E. Tomas, A. Escoval, F. Froe, M. H. Vitoria Pereira, N. Velez, E. Viegas, E. Filipe, C. Groves, M. Reay, A. Ballin, F. Facchin, G. Sartori, F. Zarantonello, E. Campello, C. M. Radu, S. Rossi, C. Ori, P. Simioni, N. Umei, I. Shingo, A. C. Santos, C. Candeias, I. Moniz, R. Marçal, Z. Costa e Silva, J. M. Ribeiro, J. F. Georger, J. P. Ponthus, M. Tchir, V. Amilien, M. Ayoub, E. Barsam, G. Martucci, G. Panarello, F. Tuzzolino, G. Capitanio, V. Ferrazza, T. Carollo, L. Giovanni, A. Arcadipane, M. López Sánchez, M. A. González-Gay, F. J. Llorca Díaz, M. I. Rubio López, E. Zogheib, L. Villeret, J. Nader, M. Bernasinski, P. Besserve, T. Caus, H. Dupont, P. Morimont, S. Habran, R. Hubert, T. Desaive, F. Blaffart, N. Janssen, J. Guiot, A. Pironet, P. Dauby, B. Lambermont, T. Pettenuzzo, G. Citton, C. Kirakli, O. Ediboglu, S. Ataman, M. Yarici, F. Tuksavul, S. Keating, A. Gibson, M. Gilles, M. Dunn, G. Price, N. Young, P. Remeta, P. Bishop, M. D. Fernández Zamora, J. Muñoz-Bono, E. Curiel-Balsera, E. Aguilar-Alonso, R. Hinojosa, A. Gordillo-Brenes, J. A. Arboleda-Sánchez, ARIAM-CARDIAC SURGERY PROJECT AUTHORS, I. Skorniakov, D. Vikulova, C. Whiteley, O. Shaikh, A. Jones, M. Ostermann, L. Forni, M. Scott, J. Sahatjian, W. Linde-Zwirble, D. Hansell, P. Laoveeravat, N. Srisawat, M. Kongwibulwut, S. Peerapornrattana, N. Suwachittanont, T. O. Wirotwan, P. Chatkaew, P. Saeyub, K. Latthaprecha, K. Tiranathanagul, S. Eiam-ong, J. A. Kellum, R. E. Berthelsen, A. Perner, A. E. K. Jensen, J. U. Jensen, D. J. Gebhard, J. Price, C. E. Kennedy, A. Akcan-Arikan, Y. R. Kang, M. N. Nakamae, K. Hamed, M. M. Khaled, R. Aly Soliman, M. Sherif Mokhtar, G. Seller-Pérez, D. Arias-Verdú, E. Llopar-Valdor, I. De-Diós-Chacón, G. Quesada-García, M. E. Herrera-Gutierrez, R. Hafes, G. Carroll, P. Doherty, C. Wright, I. G. Guerra Vera, M. Ralston, M. L. Gemmell, A. MacKay, E. Black, R. I. Docking, R. Appleton, M. R. Ralston, L. Gemmell, A. Mackay, J. G. Röttgering, P. W. G. Elbers, N. Mejeni, J. Nsiala, A. Kilembe, P. Akilimali, G. Thomas, A. E. Andersson, A. M. Fagerdahl, V. Knudsen, P-INFECT, A. Ben Cheikh, Y. Hamdaoui, A. Guiga, N. Fraj, N. Sma, I. Chouchene, N. Bouafia, A. Amirian, B. Ziaian, C. Fleischmann, D. O. Thomas-Rueddel, A. Schettler, D. Schwarzkopf, A. Stacke, K. Reinhart, A. Martins, P. Sousa, G. Snell, R. Matsa, T. T. S. Paary, A. M. Cavalheiro, L. L. Rocha, C. S. Vallone, A. Tonilo, M. D. S. Lobato, D. T. Malheiro, G. Sussumo, N. M. Lucino, V. D. Rosenthal, A. Sanaei Dashti, A. Yousefipour, J. R. Goodall, M. Williamson, E. Tant, N. Thomas, C. Balci, C. Gonen, E. Haftacı, H. Gurarda, E. Karaca, B. Paldusová, I. Zýková, D. Šímová, S. Houston, L. D’Antona, J. Lloyd, V. Garnelo-Rey, M. Sosic, V. Sotosek-Tokmazic, J. Kuharic, I. Antoncic, S. Dunatov, A. Sustic, C. T. Chong, M. Sim, T. Lyovarin, F. M. Acosta Díaz, S. Narbona Galdó, M. Muñoz Garach, O. Moreno Romero, A. M. Pérez Bailón, A. Carranza Pinel, M. Colmenero, A. Gritsan, A. Gazenkampf, E. Korchagin, N. Dovbish, R. M. Lee, M. P. P. Lim, B. C. L. Lim, J. J. See, R. Assis, F. Filipe, N. Lopes, L. Pessoa, T. Pereira, N. Catorze, M. S. Aydogan, C. Aldasoro, P. Marchio, A. Jorda, M. D. Mauricio, S. Guerra-Ojeda, M. Gimeno-Raga, M. Colque-Cano, A. Bertomeu-Artecero, M. Aldasoro, S. L. Valles, D. Tonon, T. Triglia, J. C. Martin, M. C. Alessi, N. Bruder, P. Garrigue, L. Velly, S. Spina, V. Scaravilli, C. Marzorati, E. Colombo, D. Savo, A. Vargiolu, G. Cavenaghi, G. Citerio, A. H. V. Andrade, P. Bulgarelli, J. A. P. Araujo, V. Gonzalez, V. A. Souza, C. Massant, C. A. C. Abreu Filho, R. A. Morbeck, L. E. Burgo, R. van Groenendael, L. T. van Eijk, G. P. Leijte, B. Koeneman, M. Kox, P. Pickkers, A. García-de la Torre, M. de la Torre-Prados, A. Fernández-Porcel, C. Rueda-Molina, P. Nuevo-Ortega, T. Tsvetanova-Spasova, E. Cámara-Sola, A. García-Alcántara, L. Salido-Díaz, X. Liao, T. Feng, J. Zhang, X. Cao, Q. Wu, Z. Xie, H. Li, Y. Kang, M. S. Winkler, A. Nierhaus, E. Mudersbach, A. Bauer, L. Robbe, C. Zahrte, E. Schwedhelm, S. Kluge, C. Zöllner, E. Mitsi, S. H. Pennington, J. Reine, A. D. Wright, R. Parker, I. D. Welters, J. D. Blakey, G. Rajam, E. W. Ades, D. M. Ferreira, D. Wang, A. Kadioglu, S. B. Gordon, R. Koch, J. Rahamat-Langedoen, J. Schloesser, M. de Jonge, J. Bringue, R. Guillamat-Prats, E. Torrents, M. L. Martinez, M. Camprubí-Rimblas, L. Blanch, S. Y. Park, Y. B. Park, D. K. Song, S. Shrestha, S. H. Park, Y. Koh, M. J. Park, C. W. Hong, O. Lesur, D. Coquerel, X. Sainsily, J. Cote, T. Söllradl, A. Murza, L. Dumont, R. Dumaine, M. Grandbois, P. Sarret, E. Marsault, D. Salvail, M. Auger-Messier, F. Chagnon, Apelin Group, M. P. Lauretta, E. Greco, A. Dyson, S. Preau, M. Ambler, A. Sigurta, S. Saeed, L. Topcu Sarıca, N. Zibandeh, D. Genc, F. Gul, T. Akkoc, E. Kombak, L. Cinel, I. Cinel, S. J. Pollen, N. Arulkumaran, G. Warnes, D. J. Pennington, K. Brohi, M. J. O’Dwyer, H. Y. Kim, S. Na, J. Kim, Y. F. Chang, A. Chao, P. Y. Shih, C. T. Lee, Y. C. Yeh, L. W. Chen, M. Adriaanse, W. Rietdijk, S. Funcke, S. Sauerlaender, B. Saugel, H. Pinnschmidt, D. A. Reuter, R. Nitzschke, S. Perbet, C. Biboulet, A. Lenoire, D. Bourdeaux, B. Pereira, B. Plaud, J. E. Bazin, V. Sautou, A. Mebazaa, J. M. Constantin, M. Legrand, Y. Boyko, P. Jennum, M. Nikolic, H. Oerding, R. Holst, P. Toft, H. K. Nedergaard, T. Haberlandt, S. Park, S. Kim, Y. J. Cho, Y. J. Lim, A. Chan, S. Tang, S. L. Nunes, S. Forsberg, H. Blomqvist, L. Berggren, M. Sörberg, T. Sarapohja, C. J. Wickerts, J. G. M. Hofhuis, L. Rose, B. Blackwood, E. Akerman, J. Mcgaughey, M. Fossum, H. Foss, E. Georgiou, H. J. Graff, M. Kalafati, R. Sperlinga, A. Schafer, A. G. Wojnicka, P. E. Spronk, F. Khalili, R. Afshari, H. Haddad Khodaei, S. Javadpour, P. Petramfar, S. Nasimi, H. Tabei, A. Gunther, J. O. Hansen, P. Sackey, H. Storm, J. Bernhardsson, Ø. Sundin, A. Bjärtå, A. Bienert, P. Smuszkiewicz, P. Wiczling, K. Przybylowski, A. Borsuk, I. Trojanowska, J. Matysiak, Z. Kokot, M. Paterska, E. Grzeskowiak, A. Messina, E. Bonicolini, D. Colombo, G. Moro, S. Romagnoli, A. R. De Gaudio, F. Della Corte, S. M. Romano, J. A. Silversides, E. Major, E. E. Mann, A. J. Ferguson, D. F. Mcauley, J. C. Marshall, J. A. Diaz-Rodriguez, R. Silva-Medina, E. Gomez-Sandoval, N. Gomez-Gonzalez, R. Soriano-Orozco, P. L. Gonzalez-Carrillo, M. Hernández-Flores, K. Pilarczyk, J. Lubarksi, D. Wendt, F. Dusse, J. Günter, B. Huschens, E. Demircioglu, H. Jakob, A. Palmaccio, A. M. Dell’Anna, D. L. Grieco, F. Torrini, C. Iaquaniello, F. Bongiovanni, M. Antonelli, L. Toscani, D. Antonakaki, D. Bastoni, M. Jozwiak, F. Depret, J. L. Teboul, J. Alphonsine, C. Lai, C. Richard, X. Monnet, G. Demeter, I. Kertmegi, A. Hasanin, A. Lotfy, A. El-adawy, H. Nassar, S. Mahmoud, A. Abougabal, A. Mukhtar, F. Quinty, S. Habchi, A. Luzi, E. Antok, G. Hernandez, B. Lara, L. Enberg, M. Ortega, P. Leon, C. Kripper, P. Aguilera, E. Kattan, M. Lehmann, S. Sakka, B. Bein, R. M. Schmid, J. Preti, J. Creteur, A. Herpain, J. Marc, F. Trojette, S. Bar, L. Kontar, D. Titeca, J. Richecoeur, B. Gelee, N. Verrier, R. Mercier, E. Lorne, J. Maizel, M. Slama, M. E. Abdelfattah, A. Eladawy, M. A. Ali Elsayed, A. Pedraza Montenegro, E. Monares Zepeda, J. Franco Granillo, J. S. Aguirre Sánchez, G. Camarena Alejo, A. Rugerio Cabrera, A. A. Tanaka Montoya, C. Lee, F. Hatib, M. Cannesson, P. Theerawit, T. Morasert, Y. Sutherasan, G. Zani, S. Mescolini, M. Diamanti, R. Righetti, A. Scaramuzza, M. Papetti, M. Terenzoni, C. Gecele, M. Fusari, K. A. Hakim, A. Chaari, M. Ismail, A. H. Elsaka, T. M. Mahmoud, K. Bousselmi, V. Kauts, W. F. Casey, S. D. Hutchings, D. Naumann, J. Wendon, S. Watts, E. Kirkman, Z. Jian, S. Buddi, J. Settels, P. Bertini, F. Guarracino, C. Trepte, P. Richter, S. A. Haas, V. Eichhorn, J. C. Kubitz, M. S. Soliman, W. I. Hamimy, A. Z. Fouad, A. M. Mukhtar, M. Charlton, L. Tonks, L. Mclelland, T. J. Coats, J. P. Thompson, M. R. Sims, D. Williams, D. Z. Roushdy, R. A. Soliman, R. A. Nahas, M. Y. Arafa, W. T. Hung, C. C. Chiang, W. C. Huang, K. C. Lin, S. C. Lin, C. C. Cheng, P. L. Kang, S. R. Wann, G. Y. Mar, C. P. Liu, M. Lopez Carranza, H. Sancho Fernandez, J. A. Sanchez Roman, F. Lucena, A. Campanario Garcia, A. Loza Vazquez, A. Lesmes Serrano, ARIAM-SEMICYUC Registry Investigators, L. Sayagues Moreira, R. Vidal-Perez, U. Anido Herranz, J. M. Garcia Acuna, C. Pena Gil, J. L. Garcia Allut, P. Rascado Sedes, C. Martin Lopez, E. Saborido Paz, C. Galban Rodriguez, J. R. Gonzalez-Juanatey, A. Vallejo-Baez, M. V. de la Torre-Prados, ARIAM Group, R. Marharaj, K. Gervasio, M. Bottiroli, M. Mondino, D. De Caria, A. Calini, E. Montrasio, F. Milazzo, M. P. Gagliardone, A. Vallejo-Báez, ARIAM group, U. Anido, M. Cheikh-Bouhlel, M. P. R. D. L. Dela Cruz, J. M. Bernardo, F. Galfo, A. Marino, C. C. Chao, P. Hou, C. C. Hung, C. H. Chiang, Y. J. Liou, S. M. Hung, Y. S. Lin, F. Y. Kuo, K. R. Chiou, C. J. Chen, L. S. Yan, C. Y. Liu, H. H. Wang, H. L. Chen, C. K. Ho, S. Grewal, S. Gopal, C. Corbett, A. Wilson, J. Capps, W. Ayoub, A. Lomas, S. Ghani, J. Moore, D. Atkinson, M. Sharman, W. Swinnen, J. Pauwels, K. Mignolet, E. Pannier, A. Koch, T. Sarens, W. Temmerman, A. M. Elmenshawy, A. M. Fayed, M. Elboriuny, E. Hamdy, E. Zakaria, A. C. Falk, A. Petosic, K. Olafsen, H. Wøien, H. Flaatten, K. Sunde, J. J. Cáceres Agra, J. L. Santana Cabrera, J. D. Martín Santana, L. Melián Alzola, H. Rodríguez Pérez, T. Castro Pires, H. Calderón, A. Pereira, S. Castro, C. Granja, I. Norkiene, I. Urbanaviciute, G. Kezyte, D. Ringaitiene, T. Jovaisa, G. Vogel, U. B. Johansson, A. Sandgren, C. Svensen, E. Joelsson-Alm, M. A. Leite, L. D. Murbach, E. F. Osaku, C. R. L. M. Costa, M. Pelenz, N. M. Neitzke, M. M. Moraes, J. L. Jaskowiak, M. M. M. Silva, R. S. Zaponi, L. R. L. Abentroth, S. M. Ogasawara, A. C. Jorge, P. A. D. Duarte, J. Barreto, S. T. Duarte, S. Taba, D. Miglioranza, D. P. Gund, C. F. Lordani, H. Vollmer, M. Gager, C. Waldmann, A. T. Mazzeo, R. Tesio, C. Filippini, M. E. Vallero, C. Giolitti, S. Caccia, M. Medugno, T. Tenaglia, R. Rosato, I. Mastromauro, L. Brazzi, P. P. Terragni, R. Urbino, V. Fanelli, V. M. Ranieri, L. Mascia, J. Ballantyne, L. Paton, P. Perez-Teran, O. Roca, J. C. Ruiz-Rodriguez, A. Zapatero, J. Serra, S. Bianzina, P. Cornara, G. Rodi, G. Tavazzi, M. Pozzi, G. A. Iotti, F. Mojoli, A. Braschi, A. Vishnu, D. Buche, R. Pande, D. L. J. Moolenaar, F. Bakhshi-Raiez, D. A. Dongelmans, N. F. de Keizer, D. W. de Lange, I. Fuentes Fernández, D. Martínez Baño, J. L. Buendía Moreno, R. Jara Rubio, J. Scott, D. Phelan, D. Morely, J. O’Flynn, P. Stapleton, M. Lynch, B. Marsh, E. Carton, C. O’Loughlin, K. C. Cheng, M. I. Sung, M. O. Elghonemi, M. H. Saleh, T. S. Meyhoff, M. Krag, P. B. Hjortrup, M. H. Møller, T. Öhman, T. Sigmundsson, E. Redondo, M. Hallbäck, F. Suarez-Sipmann, H. Björne, C. Hällsjö Sander, KARISMA, D. Chiumello, C. Chiurazzi, M. Brioni, I. Algieri, M. Guanziroli, G. Vergani, T. Tonetti, I. Tomic, A. Colombo, F. Crimella, E. Carlesso, V. Gasparovic, R. El-Sherif, M. Abd Al-Basser, A. Raafat, A. El-Sherif, L. R. A. Schouten, O. L. Cremer, D. S. Y. Ong, G. Amoruso, G. Cinnella, L. D. J. Bos, P. Schmidle, M. Findeisen, P. Hoppmann, J. Jaitner, F. Brettner, T. Lahmer, EXODUS-investigators, G. Rajagopalan, V. Bansal, R. Frank, R. Hinds, J. Levitt, United States Critical Illness and Injury Trials Group/LIPS-B investigators, S. Siddiqui, SICM NICER Group, J. P. Gilbert, K. Sim, C. H. Wang, I. J. Li, W. R. Tang, P. Persona, A. De Cassai, M. Franco, A. Goffi, B. Llorente Ruiz, J. Lujan Varas, R. Molina Montero, C. Pintado Delgado, O. Navarrete, M. Vazquez Mezquita, E. Alonso Peces, M. A. M. Nakamura, L. A. Hajjar, F. R. B. G. Galas, T. A. Ortiz, M. B. P. Amato, L. Bitker, N. Costes, D. Le Bars, F. Lavenne, D. Mojgan, J. C. Richard, D. Massari, M. Gotti, P. Cadringher, A. Zerman, M. Türkoğlu, G. Arık, F. Yıldırım, Z. Güllü, I. Kara, N. Boyacı, B. Basarık Aydoğan, Ü. Gaygısız, K. Gönderen, G. Aygencel, M. Aydoğdu, Z. Ülger, G. Gürsel, J. Riera, C. Maldonado Toral, C. Mazo, M. Martínez, J. Baldirà, L. Lagunes, A. Roman, M. Deu, J. Rello, D. J. Levine, R. M. Mohus, Å. Askim, J. Paulsen, A. Mehl, A. T. Dewan, J. K. Damås, E. Solligård, B. O. Åsvold, Mid-Norway Sepsis Research Center, A. DeWan, O. Aktepe, A. Kara, H. Yeter, A. Topeli, M. Norrenberg, M. Devroey, H. Khader, J. C. Preiser, Z. Tang, C. Qiu, L. Tong, C. Cai, O. Apostolopoulou, J. Y. Moon, M. R. Park, I. S. Kwon, G. R. Chon, J. Y. Ahn, S. J. Kwon, Y. J. Chang, J. Y. Lee, S. Y. Yoon, J. W. Lee, The Korean Chungcheong Critical Care Research Group, M. Kostalas, J. Mckinlay, G. Kooner, G. Dudas, A. Horton, C. Kerr, N. Karanjia, B. Creagh-Brown, N. D. Altintas, S. Izdes, O. Keremoglu, A. Alkan, S. Neselioglu, O. Erel, N. Tardif, T. Gustafsson, K. N. MacEachern, M. Traille, I. Bromberg, S. E. Lapinsky, M. J. Moore, J. L. García-Garmendia, F. Villarrasa-Clemente, F. Maroto-Monserrat, O. Rufo-Tejeiro, V. Jorge-Amigo, M. Sánchez-Santamaría, C. Colón-Pallarés, A. Barrero-Almodóvar, S. Gallego-Lara, C. T. Anthon, R. B. Müller, N. Haase, K. Møller, J. Wetterslev, M. Nakanishi, A. Kuriyama, T. Fukuoka, M. A. Abd el Halim, M. H. Elsaid hafez, A. M. Moktar, H. M. Elazizy, K. Abdel Hakim, M. Elbahr, T. Mahmoud, E. Khalil, W. Casey, S. H. Zaky, A. Rizk, R. Ahmed, G. A. Ospina-Tascón, A. F. Garcia Marin, G. J. Echeverry, W. F. Bermudez, H. J. Madriñan-Navia, J. D. Valencia, E. Quiñonez, A. Marulanda, C. A. Arango-Dávila, A. Bruhn, D. De Backer, D. Orbegozo Cortes, F. Su, J. L. Vincent, L. Tullo, L. Mirabella, P. Di Molfetta, M. Dambrosio, C. Villavicencio Lujan, J. Leache irigoyen, M. Cartanya ferré, R. Carbonell García, M. Ahmed, M. El Ayashi, E. Ayman, M. Salem, S. Fathy, A. Zaghlol, M. F. Aguilar Arzapalo, Å. Valsø, T. Rustøen, I. Schou-Bredal, L. Skogstad, K. Tøien, C. Padilla, Y. Palmeiro, W. Egbaria, R. Kigli, B. Maertens, K. Blot, S. Blot, E. Santana-Santos, E. R. dos Santos, R. E. D. L. Ferretti-Rebustini, R. D. C. C. D. O. dos Santos, R. G. S. Verardino, L. A. Bortolotto, A. M. Doyle, I. Naldrett, J. Tillman, S. Price, P. Pearson, J. Greaves, D. Goodall, A. Berry, A. Richardson, G. O. Odundo, P. Omengo, P. Obonyo, N. M. Chanzu, R. Kleinpell, S. J. Sarris, P. Nedved, M. Heitschmidt, H. Ben-Ghezala, S. Snouda, S. Djobbi, N. K. J. Adhikari, D. Leasa, D. Fergusson, D. A. Mckim, J. Weblin, D. McWilliams, F. Doesburg, F. Cnossen, W. Dieperink, W. Bult, M. W. N. Nijsten, G. A. Galvez-Blanco, C. I. Olvera Guzman, J. Santos Stroud, R. Thomson, M. Llaurado-Serra, A. Lobo-Civico, M. Pi-Guerrero, I. Blanco-Sanchez, A. Piñol-Tena, C. Paños-Espinosa, Y. Alabart-Segura, B. Coloma-Gomez, A. Fernandez-Blanco, F. Braga-Dias, M. Treso-Geira, A. Valeiras-Valero, L. Martinez-Reyes, A. Sandiumenge, M. F. Jimenez-Herrera, CAPCRI Study, R. Prada, P. Juárez, R. Argandoña, J. J. Díaz, C. Sánchez Ramirez, P. Saavedra, S. Ruiz Santana, O. Obukhova, S. Kashiya, I. A. Kurmukov, A. M. Pronina, P. Simeone, L. Puybasset, G. Auzias, O. Coulon, B. Lesimple, G. Torkomian, A. Bartkowska-Sniatkowska, O. Szerkus, D. Siluk, J. Bartkowiak-Wieczorek, J. Rosada-Kurasinska, J. Warzybok, R. Kaliszan, C. Hernandez Caballero, S. Roberts, G. Isgro, D. Hall, G. Guillaume, O. Passouant, F. Dumas, W. Bougouin, B. Champigneulle, M. Arnaout, J. Chelly, J. D. Chiche, O. Varenne, J. P. Mira, E. Marijon, A. Cariou, M. Beerepoot, H. R. Touw, K. Parlevliet, C. Boer, P. W. Elbers, Á. J. Roldán Reina, Y. Corcia Palomo, R. Martín Bermúdez, L. Martín Villén, I. Palacios García, J. R. Naranjo Izurieta, J. B. Pérez Bernal, F. J. Jiménez Jiménez, Cardiac Arrest Group HUVR, F. Cota-Delgado, T. Kaneko, H. Tanaka, M. Kamikawa, R. Karashima, S. Iwashita, H. Irie, S. Kasaoka, O. Arola, R. Laitio, A. Saraste, J. Airaksinen, M. Pietilä, M. Hynninen, J. Wennervirta, M. Bäcklund, E. Ylikoski, P. Silvasti, E. Nukarinen, J. Grönlund, V. P. Harjola, J. Niiranen, K. Korpi, M. Varpula, R. O. Roine, T. Laitio, for the Xe-HYPOTHECA study group, S. Salah, B. G. Hassen, A. Mohamed Fehmi, Y. C. Hsu, J. Barea-Mendoza, C. García-Fuentes, M. Castillo-Jaramillo, H. Dominguez-Aguado, R. Viejo-Moreno, L. Terceros-Almanza, S. Bermejo Aznárez, C. Mudarra-Reche, W. Xu, M. Chico-Fernández, J. C. Montejo-González, K. Crewdson, M. Thomas, M. Merghani, L. Fenner, P. Morgan, D. Lockey, E. J. van Lieshout, B. Oomen, J. M. Binnekade, R. J. de Haan, N. P. Juffermans, M. B. Vroom, R. Algarte, L. Martínez, B. Sánchez, I. Romero, F. Martínez, S. Quintana, J. Trenado, O. Sheikh, D. Pogson, R. Clinton, F. Riccio, A. Arthur, L. Young, A. Sinclair, D. Markopoulou, K. Venetsanou, L. Filippou, E. Salla, S. Stratouli, I. Alamanos, A. H. Guirgis, R. Gutiérrez Rodriguez, M. J. Furones Lorente, I. Macias Guarasa, A. Ukere, S. Meisner, G. Greiwe, B. Opitz, D. Benten, B. Nashan, L. Fischer, C. J. C. Trepte, C. R. Behem, B. Ana, A. Vazir, D. Gibson, M. R. Hadavi, M. Riahi alam, M. R. Sasani, N. Parenti, F. Agrusta, C. Palazzi, B. Pifferi, R. Sganzerla, F. Tagliazucchi, A. Luciani, M. Möller, J. Müller-Engelmann, G. Montag, P. Adams, C. Lange, J. Neuzner, R. Gradaus, K. H. Wodack, F. Thürk, A. D. Waldmann, M. F. Grässler, S. Nishimoto, S. H. Böhm, E. Kaniusas, C. J. Trepte, M. Wallin, F. Suarez Sipman, A. Oldner, L. Colinas, R. Vicho, M. Serna, R. Cuena, A. Canabal, ECOCRITIC group, M. Etman, M. El Bahr, A. El Sakka, A. Arali, O. Bond, P. De Santis, E. Iesu, F. Franchi, S. Scolletta, F. S. Taccone, Z. Marutyan, L. Hamidova, A. Shakotko, V. Movsisyan, I. Uysupova, A. Evdokimov, S. Petrikov, F. J. Redondo Calvo, N. Bejarano, V. Baladron, R. Villazala, J. Redondo, D. Padilla, P. Villarejo, C. Gomez-Gonzalez, S. Mas-Font, A. Puppo-Moreno, M. Herrera-Gutierrez, M. Garcia-Garcia, S. Aldunate-Calvo, NEFROCON Investigators, E. P. Plata-Menchaca, X. L. Pérez-Fernández, M. Estruch, A. Betbese-Roig, P. Cárdenas Campos, M. Rojas Lora, N. D. Toapanta Gaibor, R. S. Contreras Medina, V. D. Gumucio Sanguino, E. J. Casanova, J. Sabater Riera, SIRAKI group, K. Kritmetapak, S. Peerapornratana, P. Kittiskulnam, T. Dissayabutra, P. Susantithapong, K. Praditpornsilpa, K. Tungsanga, S. Eiam-Ong, T. Winkelmann, T. Busch, J. Meixensberger, S. Bercker, E. M. Flores Cabeza, M. Sánchez Sánchez, N. Cáceres Giménez, C. Gutierrez Melón, E. Herrero de Lucas, P. Millán Estañ, M. Hernández Bernal, A. Garcia de Lorenzo y Mateos, P. A. C. Specht, M. Balik, M. Zakharchenko, F. Los, H. Brodska, C. de Tymowski, P. Augustin, M. Desmard, P. Montravers, S. N. Stapel, R. de Boer, H. M. Oudemans, A. Hollinger, T. Schweingruber, F. Jockers, M. Dickenmann, M. Siegemund, Clinical Intensive Care Research Basel, N. Runciman, L. Alban, C. Turrini, T. Sasso, T. Langer, P. Taccone, C. Marenghi, G. Grasselli, P. Wibart, T. Reginault, M. Garcia, B. Barbrel, A. Benard, C. Bader, F. Vargas, H. N. Bui, G. Hilbert, J. M. Serrano Simón, P. Carmona Sánchez, F. Ruiz Ferrón, M. García de Acilu, J. Marin, V. Antonia, L. Ruano, M. Monica, G. Hong, D. H. Kim, Y. S. Kim, J. S. Park, Y. K. Jee, Z. Yu xiang, W. Jia-xing, W. Xiao dan, N. Wen long, W. Yu, Z. Yan, X. Cheng, T. Kobayashi, Y. Onodera, R. Akimoto, A. Sugiura, H. Suzuki, M. Iwabuchi, M. Nakane, K. Kawamae, P. Carmona Sanchez, M. D. Bautista Rodriguez, M. Rodriguez Delgado, V. Martínez de Pinillos Sánchez, A. Mula Gómez, P. Beuret, C. Fortes, M. Lauer, M. Reboul, J. C. Chakarian, X. Fabre, B. Philippon-Jouve, S. Devillez, M. Clerc, N. Rittayamai, M. Sklar, M. Dres, M. Rauseo, C. Campbell, B. West, D. E. Tullis, M. Okada, N. Ahmad, M. Wood, A. Glossop, J. Higuera Lucas, A. Blandino Ortiz, D. Cabestrero Alonso, R. De Pablo Sánchez, L. Rey González, R. Costa, G. Spinazzola, A. Pizza, G. Ferrone, M. Rossi, G. Conti, H. Ribeiro, J. Alves, M. Sousa, P. Reis, C. S. Socolovsky, R. P. Cauley, J. E. Frankel, A. L. Beam, K. O. Olaniran, F. K. Gibbons, K. B. Christopher, J. Pennington, P. Zolfaghari, H. S. King, H. H. Y. Kong, H. P. Shum, W. W. Yan, C. Kaymak, N. Okumus, A. Sari, B. Erdogdu, S. Aksun, H. Basar, A. Ozcan, N. Ozcan, D. Oztuna, J. A. Malmgren, S. Lundin, K. Torén, M. Eckerström, A. Wallin, A. C. Waldenström, for the Section on Ethics of the ESICM, F. C. Riccio, A. C. P. Antonio, A. F. Leivas, F. Kenji, E. James, S. Jonnada, C. S. Gerrard, N. Jones, J. D. Salciccioli, D. C. Marshall, M. Komorowski, A. Hartley, M. C. Sykes, R. Goodson, J. Shalhoub, J. R. Fernández Villanueva, R. Fernández Garda, A. M. López Lago, E. Rodríguez Ruiz, R. Hernández Vaquero, C. Galbán Rodríguez, E. Varo Pérez, C. Hilasque, I. Oliva, G. Sirgo, M. C. Martin, M. Olona, M. C. Gilavert, M. Bodí, C. Ebm, G. Aggarwal, S. Huddart, N. Quiney, S. M. Fernandes, J. Santos Silva, J. Gouveia, D. Silva, R. Marques, H. Bento, A. Alvarez, Z. Costa Silva, D. Díaz Diaz, M. Villanova Martínez, E. Palencia Herrejon, A. Martinez de la Gandara, G. Gonzalo, M. A. Lopez, P. Ruíz de Gopegui Miguelena, C. I. Bernal Matilla, P. Sánchez Chueca, M. D. C. Rodríguez Longares, R. Ramos Abril, A. L. Ruíz Aguilar, R. Garrido López de Murillas, R. Fernández Fernández, P. Morales Laborías, M. A. Díaz Castellanos, M. E. Morales Laborías, J. Park, S. Woo, T. West, E. Powell, A. Rimmer, C. Orford, J. Williams, P. Ruiz de Gopegui Miguelena, R. S. Bourne, R. Shulman, M. Tomlin, G. H. Mills, M. Borthwick, W. Berry, D. García Huertas, F. Manzano, F. Villagrán-Ramírez, A. Ruiz-Perea, C. Rodríguez-Mejías, F. Santiago-Ruiz, M. Colmenero-Ruiz, C. König, B. Matt, A. Kortgen, C. S. Hartog, A. Wong, C. Balan, G. Barker, S. Tachaboon, J. Paratz, G. Kayambu, R. Boots, R. Vlasenko, E. Gromova, S. Loginov, M. Kiselevskiy, Y. Dolgikova, K. B. Tang, C. M. Chau, K. N. Lam, E. Gil, G. Y. Suh, C. M. Park, C. R. Chung, C. H. Lai, Y. J. Cheng, V. Colella, N. Zarrillo, M. D’Amico, F. Forfori, B. Pezza, T. Laddomada, V. Beltramelli, M. L. Pizzaballa, A. Doronzio, B. Balicco, D. Kiers, W. van der Heijden, J. Gerretsen, Q. de Mast, S. el Messaoudi, G. Rongen, M. Gomes, N. P. Riksen, Y. Kashiwagi, K. Hayashi, Y. Inagaki, S. Fujita, A. Blet, M. Sadoune, J. Lemarié, N. Bihry, R. Bern, E. Polidano, R. Merval, J. M. Launay, B. Lévy, J. L. Samuel, J. Hartmann, S. Harm, and V. Weber

Subjects
Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Published
2016
Full Text
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21. [15]aneN4S: Synthesis, Thermodynamic Studies and Potential Applications in Chelation Therapy

Author

Nuno Torres, Sandrina Gonçalves, Ana S. Fernandes, J. Franco Machado, Maria J. Villa de Brito, Nuno G. Oliveira, Matilde Castro, Judite Costa, and Maria F. Cabral

Subjects
macrocyclic compounds, thiatetraaza, stability constants, spectroscopic studies, chelation therapy, mercury(II) chelator, copper(II) chelator, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

The purpose of this work was to synthesize and characterize the thiatetraaza macrocycle 1-thia-4,7,10,13-tetraazacyclopentadecane ([15]aneN4S). Its acid-base behaviour was studied by potentiometry at 25 °C and ionic strength 0.10 M in KNO3. The protonation sequence of this ligand was investigated by 1H-NMR titration that also allowed the determination of protonation constants in D2O. Binding studies of [15]aneN4S with Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ metal ions were further performed under the same experimental conditions. The results demonstrated that this compound has a higher selectivity and thermodynamic stability for Hg2+ and Cu2+, followed by Ni2+. The UV-visible-near IR spectroscopies and magnetic moment data for the Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes indicated a tetragonal distorted coordination geometry for both metal centres. The value of magnetic moment and the X-band EPR spectra of the Cu(II) complex are consistent with a distorted square pyramidal geometry.

Published
2014
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22. Ensayo de preservación de madera tratada con Zn y Mn efectividad de tratamiento antilixiviante con bórax luego de cinco años de contacto con el suelo

Author

C. Ibáñez, C. Mantero, M. Rabinovich, R. Escudero, and J. Franco

Subjects
Cementerio de estacas, Pinus taeda, protección de maderas, reciclaje, tratamiento en etapas., Forestry, SD1-669.5, Manufactures, TS1-2301
Abstract

A través de un ensayo de campo implementado de acuerdo a la norma EN 252, se evaluó la efectividad de tratamientos en etapas, tendientes a disminuir la lixiviación de una solución rica en Zn y Mn obtenida a partir de un proceso de reciclado aplicada en la madera por el método Bethell. La segunda etapa antilixiviante agregó bórax por pincelado o por el método Bethell. Se utilizó madera de Pinus taeda. Este trabajo presenta el análisis de la evolución del proceso de deterioro a lo largo de 5 años de ensayo de campo y su evaluación. Se utilizó el índice climático de Scheffer como método de evaluación del riesgo microbiológico en el sitio del ensayo y se realizó un análisis microscópico de la madera, para verificar el tipo de deterioro presente. Los tratamientos al 3% y al 6% en Zn con agregado de bórax por el método Bethell fueron los de mejor desempeño entre los evaluados a pesar de no haber superado el desempeño del preservante de referencia. Se observó la presencia de los tres tipos de pudrición, blanca, marrón y blanda tanto en controles sin tratamiento como en maderas tratadas, en un sitio con condiciones intermedias para el deterioro.

Published
2016

23. Resúmenes

Author

P. Abad, P. Abreu, N. Acencio, S. Acevedo, V. Acevedo, R. Agohn, L. Albornoz, P. Alvarez, C. Arana, A. Arango, J. J. Arango, A. Arbeláez, L. E. Arbeláez, W. Arboleda, A. Arenas, I. C. Arenas, M. L. Arias, A. Aristizábal, D. Aristizábal, E. Arrieta, M. Arrieta, H. Arroyave, J. A. Arroyo, F. Arteaga, G. Ascione, R. Asenjo, B. Astudillo, L. H. Atehortúa, A. Badel, M. Badiel, S. Balestrini, R. Barragán, C. Barrera, J. C. Barrera, J. G. Barrera, L. M. Benítez, M. J. Bermúdez, O. Bernal, J. Betancourt, G. Blanco, R. Bohórquez, D. Bravo, R. Bresciani, A. Builes, L Buitrago, A. Burgoa, L. P. Báez, J. Cabrales, M. Cabrales, C. Cabrera, A. M. Cadavid, E. Cadavid, R. Cadena, L. C. Caicedo, V. Caicedo, J. Calderón, L. I. Calderón, J. Camacho, P. Camacho, P. A. Camacho, D. M. Camargo, M. T. Campos, G. Campuzano, A. Capasso, H. Cardona, J. Cardona, A. Carreño, M. Carreño, G. Carrillo, G. Casariego, G. Cassalett, H. Castellanos, M. Castillo, V. Castillo, H. Castro, J. Castro, P. Castro, E. Cañas, A. Celis, L. A. Celis, A. Chávez, J. C. Chávez, A. Colorado, E. Contreras, A. Coral, M. Coronado, J. R. Correa, S. Corredor, L. Corzo, O. Corzo, J. M. Cotes, A. Cruz, C. Cubides, F. Cuellar, A. Cuervo, A. Cárdenas, M. Cárdenas, M. E. Cárdenas, P. E. Cárdenas, W. Cárdenas, C. De Viveros, A. Delgadillo, J. Delgado, P. Delgado, B. P. Donado, J. R. Donado, E. Duarte, R. Dueñas, J. G. Duque, M. Duque, L. Durango, A. E. Durán, M. A. Durán, L. M. Dávila, A. Díaz, A. L. Díaz, C. Díaz, G. Díaz, L. Díaz, L. A. Díaz, L. H. Díaz, M. Díaz, S. Díaz, V Díaz, J. Echavarría, D. Echeverri, M. Echeverri, L. Echeverría, R. Echeverría, J. Erdmenger, A. Escobar, C. Escobar, E. Escobar, E. Escorcia, A. Espinosa, R. Espíndola, G. Estrada, J. Estrada, A. M. Estupiñán, C. Eusse, A. Fernández, D. Fernández, H. Fernández, N. Fernández, O. Fernández, R. Fernández, M. Flórez, M. R. Fontanilla, C. A. Fragozo, C. Franco, G. Franco, H. J. Franco, J. Franco, S. Franco, J. Gallo, J. Garcés, E. García, L. García, M. E. Garzón, A. Gaviria, E. Gil, D. Giraldo, J. A. Giraldo, JC. Giraldo, N. Giraldo, O. F. Gomesese, G. González, M. González, R. González, M. Gordillo, R. Guanes, P. Guerra, L. Guerrero, L. Guitérrez, F. Gulh, J. Gutiérrez, M. Gutiérrez, G. Guyatt, L. Guzmán, N. Guzmán, J. Gárces, A. Gómez, C. A. Gómez, F. Gómez, G. Gómez, G. S. Gómez, J. Gómez, J. F. Gómez, M. Gómez, P. F. Gómez, A. Hernández, C. Hernández, E. Hernández, G. Hernández, H. Hernández, L. Hernández, N. Hernández, V. M. Herrera, A. Hoyos, E. F. Hurtado, P. Ibarra, D. Indaburu, A. Iragorri, D. Isaza, F. Jaimes, G. Jaimes, C. Jaramillo, C. J. Jaramillo, G. Jaramillo, J. Jaramillo, J. C. Jaramillo, J. S. Jaramillo, M. Jaramillo, M. H. Jaramillo, N. Jaramillo, R. Jaramillo, M. Jiménes, C. Jiménez, L. Jiménez, L. S. Jiménez, M. Jiménez, A. Jurado, A. F. Jurado, J. Lemus, R. Leyes, J. León, R. Lince, J. Lizarazo, F. Lizcano, A. Llamas, J. F. Llano, B. Lombo, M. Lozano, C. Luengas, L. H. Lugo, F. López, M. López, P. López, I. Malabet, J. Maldonado, E. J. Manrique, F. Manrique, G. Mantilla, E. Manzi, H. Martínez, J. P. Martínez, L. X. Martínez, M. P. Martínez, J. Marín, L. Mateus, N. Matías, A. Mayorga, A. Medina, E. Medina, H. Medina, Mejía, A. Mejía, D. Mejía, I. Mejía, S. Mendoza, A. Merchán, S. Merlano, A. Miranda, C. Molina, J. Montenegro, A. Montero, G. Montero, G. A. Montero, F. Montes, E. Montoya, J. D. Montoya, L. M. Montoya, M. Montoya, E. Moreno, C. Morillo, C. A. Morillo, R. Morris, W. Mosquera, L. Moya, R. Murgueitio, A. Muñoz, J. A. Mármol, A. Márquez, A. Múnera, C. Nader, C. M. Navas, J. J. Navia, A. Negrete, M. E. Niño, C. A. Náder, F. Núñez, J. Ochoa, C. Olaya, L. Olaya, A. Orjuela, H. Orjuela, J. L. Orozco, C. M. Orrego, C. Ortiz, S. D. Ortiz, E. Osorio, C. A. Ospina, M. Oviedo, R. Oñate, L. M. Pabón, G. Palomino, C. Pardo, R. Pardo, G. A. Parra, J. C. Parra, L. E. Parra, T. Parra, M. Patarroyo, L. F. Pava, J. E. Pedraza, O. Pedraza, A. M. Peláz, A. Perafán, P. Perafán, S. Perafán, C. Petro, M. Pineda, J. B. Pinzón, P. S. Pira, C. Pizarro, D. Piñeros, R. Plata, P. Portilla, E. Prada, G. Pradilla, L. G. Pulgarín, G. Páez, L. Páez, C. Pérez, G. E. Pérez, J. Pérez, M. Pérez, K. Quesada, A. Quintero, D. Quintero, M. Quintero, C. Quiroz, M. L. Ramos, A. Ramírez, I. Ramírez, L. Ramírez, M. Ramírez, O. Ramírez, S. Ramírez, G. W. Rangel, J. C. Rendón, A. Restrepo, G. Restrepo, J. A. Restrepo, J. Reynolds, J. D. Rincón, O. S. Rincón, P. Rincón, G. Rivas, L. F. Rivas, F. Riveros, J. L. Roa, N. Roa, A. Rodríguez, D. C. Rodríguez, E. Rodríguez, J. Rodríguez, C. E. Rojas, J. C. Rojas, M. F. Romero, F. Rosas, J. F. Rosas, F. Rosso, C. L. Rueda, M. Rueda, C. F. Rueda-Clausen, A. Ruiz, D. Ruiz, E. J. Ruiz, H. Ruiz, M. Ruiz, M. Ruz, J. F. Saaibi, L. C. Saaibi, C. Salazar, D. Salazar, G. Salazar, C. Saldarriaga, N. Saldoval, C. L. Sanabria, A. G. Sandoval, J. M. Sandoval, N. Sandoval, N. F. Sandoval, H. Santos, J. M. Sarmiento, C. Satizábal, J. M. Senior, D. Serano, N. C. Serrano, F. Silva, F. A. Silva, S. Y. Silva, M. Smieja, E. Solano, J. A. Solano, M. Suárez, L. Sáenz, J. Tello, C. Tenorio, L. F. Tenorio, L. Thabane, C. Tique, N. Toro, A. Torres, G. Torres, P. Torres, Y. Torres, P. Trujillo, M. R. Téllez, J. Umaña, C. E. Uribe, F. Uribe, W. Uribe, M. T. Urrego, M. Vacca, M. Vallejo, D. Vanegas, D. I. Vanegas, E. Vanegas, C. Vargas, R. D. Vargas, J. A. Vega, H. M. Velasco, V. M. Velasco, D. Velásquez, J. Velásquez, J. G. Velásquez, M. Velásquez, O. Velásquez, B. E. Vesga, B.E. Vesga, C. Vidal, L. A. Villa, V. Villa, C. Villa-Roel, J. C. Villalba, C. Villalobos, C. Villamil, C. Villamizar, E. Villamizar, J. C. Villar, A. Villegas, F. Villegas, F. A. Villegas, M. F. Villegas, C. Vázquez, J. F. Vélez, L. A. Vélez, S. Vélez, M. Yabur, J. Zapara, H. Zapata, J. Zapata, J. G. Zarruk, A. Zuluaga, and O. Zuluaga

Subjects
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Published
2006

24. LEISHMANIASIS EN SUDAMÉRICA: UNA COMPARACIÓN DEL CASO PERUANO, COLOMBIANO Y BRASILERO

Author

J. Franco Rodríguez-Alarcón and Paula Heredia

Subjects
Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

La Leishmaniasis es una infección parasitaria provocada por protozoarios del orden Kinetoplastida, familia Trypanosomatidae, género Leishmania1 que atacan piel y mucosas generando enfermedades degenerativas que son conocidas comúnmente en Perú como Uta y Espundia, las cuales se corresponden a sus manifestaciones cutáneas y mucocutaneas respectivamente. Esta parasitosis ha mostrada una elevada prevalencia en el país andino, sobretodo, en las regiones de la sierra y la selva; representando un problema de Salud Pública. Por esta razón, se debe contar con un sistema de tratamiento y prevención que se ajuste a la problemática cambiante de esta dolencia.

Published
2017
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26. COMPOSICIÃ'N QUÃMICA, DEGRADACIÃ'N IN SITU E IN VITRO DE Kochia scoparia CON RELACIÃ'N A LA FECHA DE SIEMBRA Y EDAD DE CORTE

Author

Manuel Gonzalez Ronquillo, J. Romero, J. Franco, and C. Casado

Subjects
Degradación, Kochia scoparia, producción de gas, in sacco, in vitro., Agriculture, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

 La Kochia scoparia es una fuente alternativa de proteína de calidad media para la alimentación en rumiantes; por lo anterior, es importante conocer su composición química, así como su degradación y fermentación en el rumen, ya que esta puede variar en función de la fecha de establecimiento y la edad al corte. Para ello se evaluó la composición química. La evaluación de la degradación se realizo mediante el uso de la técnica de producción de gas in vitro y la degradación ruminal in sacco. La Kochia scoparia se cultivo en tres fechas (F) de siembra (F1, 07/12/2001; F2, 06/01/2002; y F3, 05/02/2002) y se realizó el corte a dos edades distintas (78 y 119 días postsiembra, C1 y C2, respectivamente). El contenido de MO (g 100g de MS) fue superior (P≤0.05) para F1 (90.8) con respecto a F2 y F3 (89.1), y el contenido de PC cambio entre fechas de corte, (P≤0.05) F3 > F2 > F1 (16.4, 15.3, 13.3 %, respectivamente). La producción de gas in vitro (mL gas g-1 de MS) no fue diferente (P≥0.05) entre fechas de siembra (185) pero sí para cortes (P≤0.05), siendo C1 > C2 (199.6 vs 171.7); en la degradación in vitro de la materia seca, no se observó diferencias (P≥0.05) entre fechas (53.11 mg 100 mg de MS) pero C1 fue superior (P≤0.05) a C2 (59.3 vs 46.9 mg 100 mg de MS). La degradación de la proteína fue estimada mediante la incubación ruminal in situ (PDR, g 100g de MS), siendo superior (p≤0.05) F2 (71.8) con respecto a F1 y F3 (62.9 y 59.3) y C1 > C2 (P≤0.05) (67.6 vs 61.8). Por su contenido de PC, la Kochia scoparia se sugiere como una fuente alternativa de proteína de calidad media para los rumiantes, por tener una degradación en rumen superior al 60 %, la cual está influenciada por el estado de madurez de la planta y su fecha de establecimiento. Â

Published
2011

27. Preservación de madera tratada con Zn y Mn y efectividad de tratamiento antilixiviante con bórax

Author

C. Ibáñez, C. Mantero, L. Silva, M. Rabinovich, R. Escudero, and J. Franco

Subjects
zinc, borax, wood preservers, manganese, stakes graveyard, bórax, Forestry, SD1-669.5, Manufactures, TS1-2301
Abstract

Continuando con el estudio del uso de una solución obtenida en un proceso de reciclado de baterías domésticas como preservante para madera, se estableció un primer cementerio de estacas basado en la norma EN 252, que evalúa la durabilidad adquirida por probetas de Pinus taeda L. Dicha solución es ácida, contiene 32 g l-1 de Zn y 15 g l-1 de Mn como sulfatos, libre de metales pesados; en ensayos de laboratorio ha demostrado propiedades funguicidas e insecticidas específi cos, a concentraciones menores a 3% en Zn (máxima concentración obtenida del reciclado). A las probetas tratadas con la mencionada solución por el método de célula llena, se les realizó un tratamiento posterior antilixiviante con bórax al 2%, por pincelado y por célula. Se comparó la durabilidad natural y la adquirida, con dicha solución (con o sin bórax), con arseniato de cobre cromatado (CCA) a dos retenciones. A 32 meses del inicio del ensayo, las concentraciones de Zn de 3% y mayores con el bórax aplicado por el método de célula llena son las más efectivas. Se analizaron además los agentes de deterioro de madera (insectos, hongos y bacterias) presentes en las probetas. Abstract As part of the study of the application of a solution obtained from a domestic batteries recycling process as a wood preservative, a field stakes test was established to assess the acquired durability in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) specimens following the internationally accepted standard EN 252. This solution is acidic, containing 32 g l-1 Zn and 15 g l-1 of Mn as sulfates and free of heavy metals; in laboratory tests the solution proved to have specific fungicidal and insecticidal properties against organisms that degrade wood, at concentrations lower than 3% Zn (the highest concentration obtained from the recycling process). The specimens treated by the full cell method with the mentioned solution were afterwards treated with 2% in borax by the full cell method and by brushing in order to prevent leaching. Natural and acquired durability are compared using different concentrations of the studied solution as well as chromated copper arsenate (CCA) at two different retention levels. At 32 months, 3 % and higher concentrations of Zn and borax applied by full cell method showed to be the most effective. Main degrading agents (insects, fungi and bacteria) found in the specimens are also described.

Published
2014

45. High exposure of West Nile virus in equid and wild bird populations in Spain following the epidemic outbreak in 2020

Author

Ignacio García‐Bocanegra, Juan J. Franco, Clara I. León, Jesús Barbero‐Moyano, María V. García‐Miña, Vicente Fernández‐Molera, María B. Gómez, David Cano‐Terriza, and Moisés Gonzálvez

Subjects
General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, General Medicine
Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the circulation and risk factors associated with West Nile virus (WNV) exposure in equine and wild bird populations following the largest epidemic outbreak ever reported in Spain. A total of 305 equids and 171 wild birds were sampled between November 2020 and June 2021. IgG antibodies against flaviviruses were detected by blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA) in 44.9% (109/243) and 87.1% (54/62) of unvaccinated and vaccinated equids, respectively. The individual seroprevalence in unvaccinated individuals (calculated on animals seropositive by both bELISA and virus microneutralization test [VNT]) was 38.3% (95%CI: 33.1-43.4). No IgM antibodies were detected in animals tested (0/243; 0.0%; 95%CI: 0.0-1.5) by capture-ELISA. The main risk factors associated with WNV exposure in equids were age (adult and geriatric), breed (crossbred) and the absence of a disinsection programme on the facilities. In wild birds, IgG antibodies against flaviviruses were found in 32.7% (56/171; 95%CI: 26.8-38.6) using bELISA, giving an individual WNV seroprevalence of 19.3% (95%CI: 14.3-24.3) after VNT. Seropositivity was found in 37.8% of the 37 species analysed. Species group (raptors), age (1-year old) and size (large) were the main risk factors related to WNV seropositivity in wild birds. Our results indicate high exposure and widespread distribution of WNV in equid and wild bird populations in Spain after the epidemic outbreak in 2020. The present study highlights the need to continue and improve active surveillance programmes for the detection of WNV in Spain, particularly in those areas at greatest risk of virus circulation.

Published
2022

46. ANDES-CHD STUDY: A NEW ALGORITHM DETECTS CRITICAL CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE AT DIFFERENT ALTITUDES

Author

Jaimes, Katia Bravo, primary, Rojas-Camayo, Jose, additional, Rodriguez-Alarcon, J. Franco, additional, Loarte, Tania Vasquez, additional, Mejia, Christian, additional, Zapata, Henry Alfredo, additional, Medina, Mónica, additional, Huaman, Gian, additional, Llanos, Rafael Marquez, additional, Garro, Jeanette Yvonne Orosco, additional, Godoy, Marilia Dolores Berrocal, additional, Moreno, Daniel Alejandro Lozano, additional, Rosales, William, additional, Condori, Nely Macedo, additional, Paredes, Leddy Ruth Mamani, additional, Santivañez, Maryuri, additional, Quispe, Joel Coronado, additional, Raya, Nicole Crespo, additional, Chen, Lucia, additional, Alejos, Juan C., additional, Reardon, Leigh Christopher, additional, and Lin, Jeannette P., additional

Published
2023
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47. Favipiravir Inhibits Zika Virus (ZIKV) Replication in HeLa Cells by Altering Viral Infectivity

Author

Evelyn J. Franco, Kaley C. Hanrahan, and Ashley N. Brown

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Virology, favipiravir, Zika virus, antiviral therapy, infectivity, Microbiology
Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the antiviral potential of the nucleoside analogue favipiravir (FAV) against ZIKV, an arbovirus for which there are no approved antiviral therapies, in three human-derived cell lines. HeLa (cervical), SK-N-MC (neuronal), and HUH-7 (liver) cells were infected with ZIKV and exposed to different concentrations of FAV. Viral supernatant was sampled daily, and infectious viral burden was quantified by plaque assay. Changes in ZIKV infectivity were quantified by calculating specific infectivity. FAV-related toxicities were also assessed for each cell line in both infected and uninfected cells. Our results demonstrate that FAV activity was most pronounced in HeLa cells, as substantial declines in infectious titers and viral infectivity were observed in this cell type. The decline in infectious virus occurred in an exposure-dependent manner and was more pronounced as FAV exposure times increased. Additionally, toxicity studies showed that FAV was not toxic to any of the three cell lines and, surprisingly, caused substantial improvements in the viability of infected HeLa cells. Although SK-N-MC and HUH-7 cells were susceptible to FAV’s anti-ZIKV activity, similar effects on viral infectivity and improvements in cell viability with therapy were not observed. These results indicate that FAV’s ability to substantially alter viral infectivity is host cell specific and suggest that the robust antiviral effect observed in HeLa cells is mediated through drug-induced losses of viral infectivity.

Published
2023
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48. Dosimetric and biologic intercomparison between electron and proton FLASH beams

Author

A Almeida, M Togno, P Ballesteros-Zebadua, J Franco-Perez, R Geyer, R Schaefer, B Petit, V Grilj, D Meer, S Safai, T Lomax, DC Weber, C Bailat, S Psoroulas, and MC Vozenin

Subjects
Article
Abstract

Background and purposeThe FLASH effect has been validated in different preclinical experiments with electrons (eFLASH) and protons (pFLASH) operating at a mean dose rate above 40 Gy/s. However, no systematic intercomparison of the FLASH effect produced by evs. pFLASH has yet been performed and constitutes the aim of the present study.Materials and methodsThe electron eRT6/Oriatron/CHUV/5.5 MeV and proton Gantry1/PSI/170 MeV were used to deliver conventional (0.1 Gy/s eCONV and pCONV) and FLASH (≥100 Gy/s eFLASH and pFLASH) irradiation. Protons were delivered in transmission. Dosimetric and biologic intercomparisons were performed with previously validated models.ResultsDoses measured at Gantry1 were in agreement (± 2.5%) with reference dosimeters calibrated at CHUV/IRA. The neurocognitive capacity of e and pFLASH irradiated mice was indistinguishable from the control while both e and pCONV irradiated cohorts showed cognitive decrements. Complete tumor response was obtained with the two beams and was similar between e and pFLASHvs. e and pCONV. Tumor rejection was similar indicating that T-cell memory response is beam-type and dose-rate independent.ConclusionDespite major differences in the temporal microstructure, this study shows that dosimetric standards can be established. The sparing of brain function and tumor control produced by the two beams were similar, suggesting that the most important physical parameter driving the FLASH effect is the overall time of exposure which should be in the range of hundreds of milliseconds for WBI in mice. In addition, we observed that immunological memory response is similar between electron and proton beams and is independent off the dose rate.

Published
2023

49. Educational and Clinical Outcome Measures in an Integrated Hand Service

Author

Steven D. Kozusko, Garrett M. Breyer, Branden J. Wright, Pietro M. Gentile, David A. Fuller, Steven C. Bonawitz, Dylan Nicole Deal, and Michael J. Franco

Subjects
Surgery
Abstract

Background We recently sought to integrate our orthopaedic and plastic hand surgeons with the goal of improving education, patient care, and providing seamless, continuous coverage for our trauma center. Our hypothesis was that integration could serve both the orthopaedic and plastic surgery training programs well and provide more consistent care for the trauma patients. Materials and Methods Program director approval was granted for blinded analysis of case logs from plastic and orthopaedic surgery programs from 2012 through 2019. Data on mean and total number of hand cases were analyzed and compared for both specialties. Institutional Review Board approval was granted for a retrospective review of patient outcomes. Results For both orthopaedic and plastics resident trainees, the mean number of hand cases increased during this study period suggesting that the integration had a favorable impact on both programs. The mean number of hand cases for orthopaedic residents rose from 163 to 246. The mean number of hand cases for plastic surgery residents rose from 218 to 295. Patient outcomes as reflected in length of stay and time to consultation also improved. Conclusion To improve hand surgical training and patient care, an integrated orthoplastics approach to hand surgery was implemented at our institution. Plastic surgery trainees are completing more hand surgery cases in an integrated model (p

Published
2023

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