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Greenlight XPS-180W® (AMS, San José, USA) photoselective vaporisation of the prostate (PVP) is considered as an alternative to transurethral resection of the prostate. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of energy density applied on adenoma during PVP treatment for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) on postoperative outcomes.A single-centre retrospective study has been conducted in the department of Urology of Colmar Hospital, in patients with symptomatic BPH, treated by PVP, between January 2016 and January 2019. Patients were stratified into two groups according to energy delivered and prostate volume as determined preoperatively: Low density (4kJ/mL) and high density (4kJ/mL). Perioperative complications, PSA evolution and functional outcomes (International Prostate Symptom Score, quality of life, maximum urinary flow rate, post-void residual urine volume) were compared with a minimal delay of 6 months. The retreatment rate was similar in the two groups.A total of 215 patients were included with median follow-up of 25 months. High energy density was associated with less glandular volume. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups concerning the perioperative complications and the functional outcomes. The postoperative reduction of the PSA level was more significant in the high-energy group (41% vs. 28%, P=0.03).The perioperative complications and functional outcomes of PVP with Greenlight XPS-180W® laser are equivalent depending on the energy density delivered. The greater decrease in postoperative PSA for high-energy density could nevertheless suggest better quality tissue destruction.3.

Introduction: Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) of the bladder are infrequent localisation of this mesenchymal cancer with uncertain malignant behavior. Case report: We report the case of a 74 years old women who was diagnosed a malignant PEComa of the bladder. She necessited radical cystectomy with orthotopic ileocaecal pouch reconstruction. Histology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of a malignant PEComa of the bladder. We evaluate the literature cases to adjust the prognosis criteria. Conclusion: Evolution and prognosis evaluation remain hard and could necessitate a radical surgery. Prognosis criteria for the bladder PEComas have to be clarified. Keywords: Bladder, PEComas, Perivascular epithelioid cell sarcoma, Malignant, Cystectomy

Resume Le synovialosarcome (SVS) renal primitif est une tumeur rare et de mauvais pronostic. Il est difficile de le differencier des autres tumeurs mesenchymateuses renales du fait de leurs caracteristiques cliniques et histologiques similaires. Une soixantaine de cas de SVS ont ete decrits dans la litterature. Nous rapportons un cas de SVS renal primitif droit associe a une thrombose de la veine renale droite s’etendant a la veine cave inferieure chez un homme de 66 ans. La certitude diagnostique a ete apportee par l’analyse en biologie moleculaire par reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) qui mettait en evidence les transcrits de fusion SYT-SSX2 representatifs d’une translocation chromosomique t(X;18). Nous decrivons le cas avec une breve revue de la litterature.

Renal metastases in the evolution of an esophagus epidermoid carcinoma are rare and are frequently bilateral or associated with many other metastases. The authors present an original article of a single metastasis. They discuss the importance of imagery and locoregional status in the management of patient.

The primary renal synovial sarcoma is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis. It may be confused with other types of mesenchymal kidney tumors because of similarities in clinical and histological appearance. About 60 cases have been described in the literature. We report a case of a 66-year-old man presenting a primary synovial sarcoma of the right kidney with a vascular invasion of the inferior vena cava and right renal vein. The diagnosis was confirmed in molecular biology by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) which demonstrated a unique chromosomal translocation t(X;18) with SYT-SSX2 fusion transcripts. We describe here the case with a brief review.

Sunflower leaf discs floated on a solution containing aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) produced a set of new proteins extractable at pH 5.2 and excreted into the intercellular space. More than 80% of the proteins found in the intercellular fluids of induced leaf discs have been identified as pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins by their immunological relationship with tobacco PR proteins. Members of the four major classes of PR proteins have been characterized. Sunflower PR proteins of type 1 (PR1) and of type 3 (PR3) were found to have acidic isoelectric points, whereas the induced PR protein of type 2 (PR2) had a basic isoelectric point. Members of the type 5 PR proteins (PR5), known in tobacco as thaumatin-like proteins, showed a more complex pattern. Multiple sunflower PR5 isomers of similar molecular weight but of different isoelectric points were excreted from the cells in response to the aspirin treatment. PR2 and PR3 proteins were found at very low basal levels in untreated leaves, whereas PR1 and PR5 proteins could not be detected at all in the same extracts. Glucanase and chitinase activities were always associated with PR2 and PR3 proteins in partially purified sunflower extracts. All of these data indicate that, in response to aspirin treatment, sunflower plants produce a complete set of PR proteins characterized by an apparently exclusively extracellular localization.

The aim of this work was to study the in vitro effect of T-2 toxin on human monocyte differentiation into macrophages and dendritic cells. Cytotoxicity of T-2 toxin on monocytes, on monocytes in differentiation process into macrophages or dendritic cells, and on immature dendritic cells and macrophages was evaluated to determine IC50. Monocytes are more sensitive to T-2 toxin than to differentiate cells. IC50 were equal to 0.11 nM for monocyte, to 45 and 30 nM for monocyte during differentiation process for 24 and 48 h of incubation, respectively, to 38 and 20 nM for immature dendritic cells after 24 and 48 h of incubation, and to 22 and 20 nM for macrophages after 24 and 48 h of incubation. T-2 toxin effects on monocyte differentiation process into macrophages have been explored: according to phenotypic expressions (CD71, CD14, CD11a, CD80, CD86, HLA-DR and CD64), endocytic capacity, phagocytosis, burst respiratory activity and TNF-alpha secretion. In the presence of 10 nM of T-2 toxin (no cytotoxic concentration), CD71 expression is downregulated compared to control. Endocytosis and phagocytosis capacities are less effective as burst respiratory activity and TNF-alpha secretion. Monocyte differentiation process into dendritic cells in the presence of 10 nM T-2 toxin is also markedly disturbed. Expression of CD1a (specific dendritic cells marker) is downregulated while that of CD14 (specific monocyte marker) is upregulated. CD11a, CD80, CD86, HLA-DR and CD64 expressions did not change. These results show that T-2 toxin disturbs human monocytes differentiation process into macrophages and dendritic cells. These results could significantly contribute to immunosuppressive properties of this alimentary toxin.

Renal metastases in the evolution of an esophagus epidermoid carcinoma are rare and are frequently bilateral or associated with many other metastases. The authors present an original article of a single metastasis. They discuss the importance of imagery and locoregional status in the management of patient.

The authors report the case of a patient undergoing anterior pelvic exenteration for cancer of the urethra with sigmoid colon urinary diversion and vaginal reconstruction using a colonic segment. The postoperative course was marked by prolapse of the neovagina requiring reoperation via a transvaginal approach. The modalities of this prolapse repair are described and the various possibilities for urinary diversion and vaginal reconstruction after pelvic exenteration in women are then discussed.

The authors report a case of oesophageal metastasis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. This lesion was responsible for hematemesis eight days after cystoprostatectomy. Treatment consisted of irradiation of the metastatic site and chemotherapy. The patient is in complete remission after a follow-up of 2 years.

We report a new case of spermatic cord lymphangioma in a young patient. It is a rare tumor of the lymphatic system. Only eleven cases have been reported in literature. This lesion tends to recur despite surgical ablation. The pathogenesis of this lesion is still controversial.

We report a case of adenocarcinoma arising in an ileal conduit 36 years after ring cystoplasty. The only presenting symptom was gross hematuria. Retrograde cystography ws useful in the diagnosis. Few primary bowel malignant neoplasms of this type have been described. Carcinogenesis is discussed.

Regeneration of fertile plants from protoplasts of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) has met with considerable difficulties in spite of numerous efforts over several years. The isolation of protoplasts and their culture up to the callus stage does not appear to present major difficulties (Bohorova et al. 1986; Lenee and Chupeau 1986; Moyne et al. 1988; Chanabe et al. 1989; Guilley and Hahne 1989; Schmitz and Schnabl 1989; Dupuis et al. 1990). Most currently used donor materials, including hypocotyl, cotyledons, petioles, leaves, and suspension cultures, allow the isolation of protoplasts at comparatively high yields, and media have been developed for the regeneration of callus with good plating efficiencies from all of these types.

The authors report 3 cases of urinary diversion in patients with preexisting colostomy and operated by technique of Noble and Davis. The previous colostomy is used for urinary diversion and new colostomy is created for fecal diversion. This method is simple, time-saving and very beneficial for high risk patients. We found it very useful and had gave us satisfactory results.

The tissue culture response of sunflower plants presents a high variability between individual experiments, which is at least partially due to physiological factors. This phenomenon is particularly striking in cultured mesophyll protoplasts.

The authors report four cases of renal neoplasm with associated thrombosis of the vena cava, extending to the right auricle. Three cases involved the right kidney. Three patients underwent operation with cardio-pulmonary bypass; two operations were successful and one had a fatal outcome. Although the technique of this operation has been considerably simplified, this operation is not performed routinely.

The authors report a series of seventy one cases of vesico-renal reflux in adults. Renal scarring was present in 76% of the cases, and in 11.5%, the kidneys were destroyed. The reflux was eliminated in 95.5% of the cases treated by the Leadbetter-Politano, Cohen and Glenn Anderson procedures, but a failure rate of 26% was registered with the Lich Grégoir technique. 26.5% of the patients presented with persistent urinary tract infection six months after the successful surgical correction of the reflux.