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EuTe4 is a newly-discovered van der Waals material exhibiting a novel charge-density wave (CDW) with a large thermal hysteresis in the resistivity and CDW gap. In this work, we systematically study the electronic structure and transport properties of EuTe4 using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), magnetoresistance measurements, and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We observe a CDW gap of about 200 meV at low temperatures that persists up to 400 K, suggesting that the CDW transition occurs at a much higher temperature. We observe a large thermal hysteretic behavior of the ARPES intensity near the Fermi level, consistent with the resistivity measurement. The hysteresis in the resistivity measurement does not change under a magnetic field up to 7 T, excluding the thermal magnetic hysteresis mechanism. Instead, the surface topography measured with STM shows surface domains with different CDW trimerization directions, which may be important for the thermal hysteretic behavior of EuTe4. Interestingly, we observe a large negative magnetoresistance at low temperatures that can be associated with the canting of magnetically ordered Eu spins. Our work shed light on the understanding of magnetic, transport, and electronic properties of EuTe4.

To compare the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) high-resolution (HR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA), contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA), and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in measuring the degree of stenosis in intracranial atherosclerosis.All patients with intracranial artery ischaemic events underwent HR-MRI, TOF-MRA, and CE-MRA analysis, and some of these patients underwent DSA examination. The correlation between different methods for measuring the degree of lumen stenosis was analysed. The accuracy of HR-MRI, TOF-MRA, and CE-MRA was evaluated and compared with that of DSA.A total of 189 arterial stenoses were identified in 93 patients. Of these, 72 patients with 142 arterial stenoses underwent DSA examination. A very strong correlation between HR-MRI and CE-MRA measurements was shown (r=0.839, p0.0001). The correlation between HR-MRI and TOF-MRA measurements was strong (r=0.720, p0.0001). A very strong correlation between HR-MRI and DSA measurements was found (r=0.864, p0.0001), and a similar correlation was observed between CE-MRA, and DSA measurements (r=0.843, p0.0001). The correlation between TOF-MRA and DSA measurements was strong (r=0.686, p0.0001). There was substantial agreement between HR-MRI and DSA measurements (K = 0.772) and between CE-MRA, and DSA measurements (K = 0.734) that was slightly higher than the agreement between TOF-MRA and DSA measurements (K = 0.636).HR-MRI can accurately measure stenosis (especially for moderate and severe stenosis) in intracranial atherosclerosis by direct visualisation of the vessel lumen and steno-occlusive plaque.

垂体促甲状腺激素（TSH）细胞腺瘤是临床罕见的垂体腺瘤类型。本文报道1例合并周期性麻痹及雄激素异常升高的患者，以反复四肢麻痛、活动障碍起病，进而发现血钾低、睾酮水平显著升高，甲状腺激素明显升高而TSH水平未被抑制，垂体磁共振成像（MRI）提示垂体腺瘤，诊断为垂体TSH细胞腺瘤。完善术前准备后行手术治疗，术后甲状腺功能恢复正常，垂体MRI未见肿瘤残留及复发。.

In this paper, a highly efficient distance-adaptive wireless power transfer system with automatic impedance tuning control at variable distances is proposed, and we compare the power transfer efficiency of wireless power transfer system at different operating conditions using the method of moments (MoM) technique. By sensing a reflected power and controlling impedance tuning networks, the proposed wireless power transfer system achieves the high and stable efficiency with regard to the variable operating distances. According to adaptive impedance matching algorithms under the minimum reflected power conditions, the proposed system achieves an improved power transfer efficiency of approximately maximum 160% within the operating distance.

This study utilizes the Shockly equation and Fourier’s law with the optical, electrical and thermal properties of LEDs to predict the variation of the junction temperature with the injection current. It is shown that the relationship of the junction temperature with the injection current can be determined by the effective thermal conductivity, temperature coefficient of junction voltage, series resistance, integral constant (forward voltage at the initial forward current and junction temperature), ambient temperature and external quantum efficiency. The effective thermal conductivity, temperature coefficient of junction voltage, and series resistance are calculated from the material properties based on the structures of LEDs instead of measurements in this study. The junction temperature of AlGaInP/GaInP MQW red LED predicted from this study agrees with the available experimental data and the junction temperatures of GaInN UV LED and AlGaN UV LED calculated by this work are also consistent with these obtained from the emission peak shift method. The elevated temperatures of AlGaN and GaInN are larger than that of AlGaInP/GaInP MQW red LED due to the difference of the thermal conductivity for the LED substrate. This study also presents the effects of the parameters on the variation of the junction temperature with the injection current. The effective thermal conductivity and ambient temperature significantly affect the junction temperature of LEDs.

This paper presents the thermal analysis of superparamagnetic (SPM) nanoparticles used for hyperthermia of cancer tumor. Hyperthermia, heating disease sites to 42°C-45°C to cause cancer cell damage or death without harm to the normal cells or tissue, is a promising mode of adjuvant cancer therapy intended to enhance the efficacy of traditional therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In order to effectively kill cancerous cells in the limited small temperature range, the accurate temperature control plays an important role on therapeutic efficacy and quality. The past theoretical study on this topic mainly focused on the models for the hysteresis loss-induced heat generation in SPM nanoparticles subject to an alternating magnetic field. Few papers theoretically analyzed the temperature in SPM nanoparticles. Therefore it is essential to theoretically predict the temperature in SPM nanoparticles subject to an alternating magnetic field for hyperthermia of cancer tumor. And the influences of material and magnetism parameters on the temperature in SPM nanoparticles will be also discussed.

The objective of this study was to investigate the key genes and pathways associated with thyroid carcinoma. Based on the microarray data of GSE27155, we identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between four types of thyroid carcinoma samples (papillary carcinoma (PTC), oncocytic carcinoma (OTC), follicular carcinoma (FTC) and anaplastic carcinoma (ATC)) and normal controls. With the obtained DEGs, we performed gene functional interaction (FI) network analysis. Then we conducted Venn diagram analysis to identify the intersection and specific DEGs of the four types of thyroid carcinomas. The intersections DEGs were performed by functional enrichment and transcription factor (TF) prediction analyses. These specific DEGs were performed by pathway enrichment analysis. There were respectively 323, 318, 118 and 1005 DEGs identified in PTC, OTC, FTC and ATC. Twelve sub-network modules were extracted based on gene FI network analysis and eight thyroid carcinoma-associated DEGs were involved in the network, such as TIMP1. Based on the Venn diagram analysis, 27 common DEGs were identified, such as HMGB3 which was regulated by TF of NKX3-1. There were 149 PTC-specific DEGs (like CLDN1), 160 OTC-specific DEGs, 94 FTC-specific DEGs (like PPARG), and 789 ATC-specific DEGs (like CDK1). They were enriched in some pathways, such as Cell cycle, Citrate cycle, and Oxidative phosphorylation. TIMP1, HMGB3, CLDN1, CDK1 and PPARG as well as pathways of Cell cycle, Citrate cycle, and Oxidative phosphorylation may play important roles in the progression of thyroid carcinoma.

This paper investigates the thermal characteristics of region surrounding laser welding keyhole. The thermal characteristics of region surrounding laser keyhole play an important role on the mechanical properties after welding. The welding keyhole produced by laser welding is assumed to be a paraboloid of revolution. The laser beam with Gaussian distribution of intensity irradiates on the keyhole. Considering the phase change at solid-liquid interface, this study utilized the finite difference method to numerically calculate the thermal fields in the solid and liquid region surrounding laser welding keyhole.

This paper analytically investigates the ultrashort-pulse-laser ablation characteristics for different ceramics. Ceramics processing is difficult due to its hard and brittle properties. Noncontact ultrashot-pulse-laser is widely recognized to be a applicable tool. The optical property, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion coefficient of AhO3 Ceramics are obviously different from these of AlN ceramics and are significantly relevant to the ablation characteristics of these ceramics. Therefore, the ablation for Al2O3 and AlN ceramics is quantitatively analyzed in this study. The effects of the ceramics properties on the ablation characteristics are discussed by comparing the ablation of Al2O3 with AlN.

An exact series solution for the scattering from a concaved wedge with longitudinal corrugations is formulated for TM plane wave using the radial mode-matching technique. The scattered and guided fields are represented in terms of an infinite series of radial modes with unknown coefficients. By applying the appropriate boundary conditions, the coefficients of the scattered field are obtained. The diffraction coefficient of a concaved wedge with longitudinal corrugations is subsequently derived from the scattered field.

The manipulation of cytokinin contents via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is an efficient tool for delaying leaf senescence and improving the resistance to environmental stresses. In the present study, cotton transformants harbouring the Agrobacterium tumefaciens isopentenyl transferase (IPT) gene under the control of the promoter of Gossypium hirsutum cysteine proteinase (Ghcysp) were generated. PCR and Southern blot analysis indicated that the foreign DNA fragment was successfully integrated into the cotton genome. The chlorophyll and cytokinin contents, and ROS-scavenging enzymatic activities were significantly increased in transgenic cotton lines, which resulted in a significant delay in leaf senescence. The growth characteristics of transgenic cotton lines resembled the non-transgenic lines except delaying premature senescence and the lint yield and fiber quality of transgenic lines were improved. In addition, the transgenic lines had higher biomasses, IPT transcripts, and endogenous cytokinin contents compared with those of non-transgenic lines under 200 mM NaCl stress.

In Ruderman & Sutherland (RS75) model, the normal neutron stars as pulsars bear a severe problem, namely the binding energy problem that both ions (e.g., ${}_{26}^{56}$Fe) and electrons on normal neutron star surface can be pulled out freely by the unipolar generator induced electric field so that sparking on polar cap can hardly occur. {\bf This problem could be solved within the Partially Screened Gap (PSG) model in the regime of neutron stars}. However, in this paper we extensively study this problem in a bare strange quark star (BSS) model. We find that the huge potential barrier built by the electric field in the vacuum gap above polar cap could usually prevent electrons from streaming into the magnetosphere unless the electric potential of a pulsar is sufficiently lower than that at infinite interstellar medium. Other processes, such as the diffusion and thermionic emission of electrons have also been included here. Our conclusions are as follows: both positive and negative particles on a BSS's surface would be bound strongly enough to form a vacuum gap above its polar cap as long as the BSS is not charged (or not highly negative charged), and multi-accelerators could occur in a BSS's magnetosphere. Our results would be helpful to distinguish normal neutron stars and bare quark stars through pulsar's magnetospheric activities.

We study radiative activity of magnetic white dwarf undergoing torsional vibrations about axis of its own dipole magnetic moment under the action of Lorentz restoring force. It is shown that pulsating white dwarf can convert its vibration energy into the energy of magneto-dipole emission, oscillating with the frequency equal to the frequency of Alfv\'en torsional vibrations, provided that internal magnetic field is decayed. The most conspicuous feature of the vibration energy powered radiation in question is the lengthening of periods of oscillating emission; the rate of period elongation is determined by the rate magnetic field decay., Comment: Mod. Phys. Lett. A 26 (2011) 359-366

SUMMARYGenetic manipulation of leaf architecture may be a useful breeding objective in cotton (Gossypiumspp.). The present study reports quantitative genetic analysis of leaf traits from two intraspecific crosses of inbred lines in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) viz. Kang3×Chaoji463 and Han109×Ji98. Six leaf morphological traits (leaf area (LA), leaf perimeter (LP), main lobe length (LL) and width (LW), petiole length (PL), and main LL/LW ratio) were recorded from multiple generations (P1, F1, P2, BC1, BC2, and F2) in the two crosses. Generation mean analyses were conducted to explain the inheritance of each leaf morphological trait. The six-parameter model showed a better fit to an additive-dominance model for LA, main LW, PL, and main LL/LW ratio in the two crosses, suggesting the relative importance of epistatic effects controlling leaf morphology. A simple additive-dominance model accounted for the genetic variation of the main LL in the Kang3×Chaoji463 cross. Different models were selected as appropriate to explain LP in the two crosses. The differences between broad- and narrow-sense heritability values for the same trait were not constant in the two crosses. The estimated minimum number of genes controlling each leaf morphological trait ranged from 0 to 2 for both the crosses. Moreover, the sums of the minimum number of genes controlling leaf morphology were 6 and 2 in the Kang3×Chaoji463 and Han109×Ji98 populations, respectively. Most data suggested that there existed a substantial opportunity to breed cottons that transgress the present range of leaf phenotypes found.

A new type of HF solution, HF-acetonitrile (MeCN), has been employed to produce 10–30 μm thick porous silicon (P-Si) layers by photoelectrochemical etching of different types of Si wafers, Si(100), Si(111) and polycrystalline Si, with different resistivities. A combined optical, surface and nuclear microscopic assessment of these P-Si layers was performed using photoluminescence (PL), Raman scattering, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. With increasing resistivity of the Si(100) wafers, the P-Si layers show a slight blue shift of their visible light emission peak energy, an up shift of the peak position and a narrowing of the band width of the dominant Raman band, and a decrease in the amount of residual elemental Si on the surface. Those Si(111) wafers, etched in HF-MeCN, showed no porous structures and no visible light emission.

We report the successful growth of thin GaN layers on (111) orientated Si substrates utilizing a newly developed pulse source injection molecular beam epitaxial (PSIMBE) technique. RHEED patterns showed that two-dimensional layer-by-layer growth started at a very early stage during deposition (within 20 nm). AFM studies showed that an almost atomically smooth surface was obtained with an area RMS roughness of less than 0.2 nm. The crystal structure and quality were determined from high resolution 2-Theta-Omega scan and exhibited only three strong and sharp lines at 28.56, 34.70 and 73.05 degrees due to the Si substrate and the single crystalline wurtzite (w-) GaN (0002) and (0004), respectively. Raman scattering study showed the characteristic w-GaN E2 band at 565 wave-numbers and the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon-plasma coupling mode at 731 cm-1. These data indicate the success of the MBE growth of single crystalline w-GaN thin layers on the order of less than 100-nm thick on Si substrates without using a complicated buffer structure.

The significance of complex chromosomal rearrangements presents a diagnostic dilemma. In the past, the use of G-banding coupled with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has been the standard approach. The recent development of spectral karyotyping (SKY) and multicolor FISH (M-FISH) has resulted in an increased accuracy of identification of marker or other complex chromosomal rearrangements. However, owing to the additional cost and time associated with SKY or M-FISH, and the restricted availability of such imaging facilities in many centers, it is not feasible to perform these procedures routinely on every sample. In addition, the identification of an aberration by SKY or M-FISH will often require confirmation by FISH. A practical approach is needed to take advantage of the complementary strengths of each method. In our center we utilize an algorithm that dictates the use of routine G-banding for the initial preliminary evaluation of a patient, followed by SKY characterization if marker chromosomes or complex translocations are detected by the G-banding analysis. According to this algorithm, FISH is used to verify the results once the origin of the abnormal chromosome has been determined by SKY. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this algorithm, we have analyzed both amniocyte and lymphocyte slides, using a combination of G-banding, SKY, and FISH. Our results confirm that an algorithm which selectively uses SKY or M-FISH will provide an efficient and improved method for pre- and post-natal chromosomal analysis.

Preliminary error budgets for the pointing knowledge, control, and stability of the Space Interferometry Mission (SIM) spacecraft are constructed using the specifications of commercial off-the-shelf attitude determination sensors, attitude control actuators, and other spacecraft capabilities that have been demonstrated in past missions. Results obtained indicate that we can meet all the presently known spacecraft pointing requirements. A large number of derived requirements are generated from this study. Examples are specifications on attitude determination sensors, attitude control actuators, minimum settling time after a rest-to-rest spacecraft slew. Preliminary error budgets constructed in this study must be updated to reflect the changing spacecraft design and requirements.

We have constructed a molecular linkage map of pepper (Capsicum spp.) in an interspecific F2 population of 107 plants with 150 RFLP and 430 AFLP markers. The resulting linkage map consists of 11 large (206–60.3 cM) and 5 small (32.6–10.3 cM) linkage groups covering 1,320 cM with an average map distance between framework markers of 7.5 cM. Most (80%) of the RFLP markers were pepper-derived clones, and these markers were evenly distributed across the genome. By using 30 primer combinations, we were able to generate 444 AFLP markers in the F2 population. The majority of the AFLP markers clustered in each linkage group, although PstI/MseI markers were more evenly distributed than EcoRI/MseI markers within the linkage groups. Genes for the biosynthesis of carotenoids and capsaicinoids were mapped on our linkage map. This map will provide the basis of studying secondary metabolites in pepper.

A thin-film electroluminescent device (ELD) has been fabricated by incorporating multi-barrier layers into the ZnS:Mn phosphor using r.f. magnetron sputtering. The number (N) of intermediate barriers (≈ 10 nm) was found to have a large effect on the device performance. The improvement in crystallinity of the phosphor layer can be explained by the extra thermal-cycle annealing due to the different deposition temperatures for Y2O3 (50 °C) and ZnS:Mn (300 °C). As the number ofthe Y2O3 barrier layer increases from N = 0 to N = 3, the ELD shows a threefold increase in brightness and the threshold voltage decreases from 93.6 to 60.7 V. The result of Sawyer-Tower circuit measurement confirms that the transferred charge increases with the number of intermediate barriers. However, further increasing the intermediate barriers (N > 3) leads to a degraded ELD performance. The results are discussed in terms of the contributions of the crystallinity, interface state, electron tunneling, and field redistribution of active layer as the mechanisms responsible for the performance of ELD with the multi-barrier insulators structure.

This paper presents a novel reconfigurable antenna with multiple radiation patterns which can concentrate the energy to one or more directions. The antenna is constructed by N patches. Each patch connects with two PIN diodes. By switching the states of PIN diodes, we can get at most 2N kinds of radiation patterns. Compared to conventional reconfigurable antennas, the proposed antenna has simple feeding and control network. In this paper, the antenna of N=6 is presented and the operating frequency is 2.4 GHz. The simulation results of S11 and E plane radiation patterns of some working states are given.

Y2O3 thin films have been deposited on (100) Si substrates by r.f.-magnetron sputtering and subsequently submitted to rapid thermal processing (RTP). X-ray examinations show that the sputtered Y2O3 was dominated by the (111) cubic structure. With increasing RTP temperature (>700°C), the crystallinity of films was improved, especially for the intensity of (400) diffraction peak. The as-deposited films show good dielectric properties in terms of a relative dielectric constant of 16.67 and leakage current density of 6×10−7 A cm−2 (at 1.8 MV cm−1). After the RTP treatment, both the dielectric constant and leakage current of Y2O3 were found to decrease. A typical dielectric constant decreased to 14.77 and its leakage current density lowered to 3×10−8 A cm−2 (at 1.8 MV cm−1) for the film annealed at 850°C. The observed behavior of dielectric constant may be due to the intermediate oxide formation between Y2O3 and Si. Capacitance-voltage characteristics confirm that the reduction of leakage current at high electric field comes from the improvement of interface states.

There is a general recognition today that basic features of asteroseismology of non-convective finalstage (FS) stars, such as white dwarfs, neutron stars and and strange quark star, can be properlyunderstood working from the model of vibrating solid star, rather than the liquid star model lyingat the base of asteroseismology of convective main-sequence (MS) stars. In accord with this, mostof current investigations of an FS-star vibrations rests on principles of solid-mechanical theory ofcontinuous media, contrary to the study of the MS-star vibrations which are treated in terms of fluid-mechanical theory. This means that super dense matter of FS-stars (whose gravitational pressureis counterbalanced by degeneracy pressure of constituting Fermi-matter), possesses elasticity andviscosity generic to solid state of condensed matter, whereas a fairly dilute matter of the MS (whoseinternal pressure of self-gravity is opposed by radiative pressure) possesses property of fluidity whichis generic to the liquid state of a highly conducting condensed matter. This feature of the MS-starmatter plays crucial role in generation of their magnetic fields in the dynamo processes involvingmacroscopic flows which are supported by energy of nuclear reactions in the central, reactive zone,of these stars. In the meantime, in the FS stars, like white dwarfs and neutron stars, there are nonuclear energy sources to support convection. The prevailing today view, therefore, is that a highlystable to spontaneous decay dipolar magnetic fields of neutron stars are fossil. The extremely largeintensity of magnetic fields of degenerate solid stars is attributed to amplification of fossil magneticfield in the magnetic-flux-conserving process of core-collapse supernova.Even still before discovery of neutron stars, it has been realized that, for absence of nuclearsources of energy, the radiative activity of these of compact objects should be powered by energy ofstored in either rotation or vibrations and that the key role in maintaining the neutron star radiationshould play an ultra strong magnetic field. As is commonly know today, the neutron star capabilityof accommodating such a field is central to understanding pulsating character of magneto-dipoleradiation of radio pulsars whose radiative power is provided, as is commonly believed, by the energyof rigid-body rotation. The discovery of soft gamma-ray repeaters and their identification withmagnetars [1] – quaking neutron stars endowed with ultra strong magnetic fields experiencing decay– has stimulated enhanced interest in the study of models of quake-induced magneto-mechanicalseismic vibrations of neutron star and resultant electromagnetic radiation. Of particular interestin this study are torsional magneto-mechanical vibrations about axis of magnetic dipole momentof the star driven by forces of magnetic-field-dependent stresses in a perfectly conducting matterand in a permanently magnetized non-conducting matter [2]. Most, if not all, reported up to nowcomputations of frequency spectra of poloidal and toroidal Alfv´en vibration modes in pulsars andmagnetars rest on tacitly adopted assumption about constant-in-time magnetic field in which aperfectly conducting neutron star matter undergoes Lorentz-force-driven oscillations [3, 4, 5, 6, 7,8, 9, 10, 11, 12] (see, also, references therein). A special place in the study of the above Alfv´enmodes of pure shear magneto-mechanical seismic vibrations (a-modes) occupies a homogeneousmodel of a solid star with the uniform density ρ and frozen-in poloidal static magnetic field of bothhomogeneous and inhomogeneous internal and dipolar external configuration, and we start section2 with a brief outline of this model. In section 3, a mathematical background of quaking neutronstar model is briefly outlined with emphasis on the loss of vibration energy caused by depletion ofinternal magnetic field pressure and resulting vibration-energy powered magneto-dipole radiation.The decreasing of magnetic field pressure in the star is presumed to be caused by coupling betweenvibrating star and outgoing material which is expelled by quake, but mechanisms of star-envelopeinteraction resulting in the decay of magnetic field, during the time of vibrational relaxation, are2

If quark stars exist, they may be enveloped in thin electron layers (electron seas), which uniformly surround the entire star. These layers will be affected by the magnetic fields of quark stars in such a way that the electron seas would transmit hydromagnetic cyclotron waves, as studied in this paper. Particular attention is devoted to vortex hydrodynamical oscillations of the electron sea. The frequency spectrum of these oscillations is derived in analytic form. If the thermal X-ray spectra of quark stars are modulated by vortex hydrodynamical vibrations, the thermal spectra of compact stars, foremost central compact objects (CCOs) and X-ray dim isolated neutron stars (XDINSs), could be used to verify the existence of these vibrational modes observationally. The central compact object 1E 1207.4-5209 appears particularly interesting in this context, since its absorption features at 0.7 keV and 1.4 keV can be comfortably explained in the framework of the hydro-cyclotron oscillation model., 5 pages; Phys. Rev. D (accepted)

In juxtaposition with the standard model of rotation-powered pulsar, the model of vibration-powered magnetar undergoing quake-induced torsional Alfvén vibrations in its own ultrastrong magnetic field experiencing decay is considered. The presented line of argument suggests that the gradual decrease of frequencies (lengthening of periods) of long-periodic-pulsed radiation detected from a set of X-ray sources can be attributed to magnetic-field-decay-induced energy conversion from seismic vibrations to magnetodipole radiation of quaking magnetar.

We compute the characteristic parameters of magnetic dipole radiation of a neutron star undergoing torsional seismic vibrations under the action of Lorentz restoring force about axis of a dipolar magnetic field experiencing decay. After brief outline of general theoretical background of the model of vibration powered neutron star, we present numerical estimates of basic vibration and radiation characteristics, such as the oscillation frequency, lifetime, luminosity of radiation, and investigate their time dependence upon magnetic field decay. The presented analysis suggests that gradual decrease in frequencies of pulsating high-energy emission detected from a handful of currently monitored AXP/SGR-like X-ray sources can be explained as being produced by vibration powered magneto-dipole radiation of quaking magnetars. \keywords{neutron stars, torsion Alfv\'en vibrations, vibration powered radiation, magnetic field decay, magnetars}, Comment: Preprint of article accepted for publication in "Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics" [RAA-Vol.11-No9-(2011)-p.1074]

We investigate an unique accreting millisecond pulsar with X-ray eclipses, SWIFT J1749.4$-$2807 (hereafter J1749), and try to limit the binary system by various methods including that of the Roche lobe, the mass-radius relations of both a main sequence (MS) and a white dwarf (WD) companion stars, as well as the measured mass function of the pulsar. The calculations are based on the assumption that the radius of the companion star has reached its Roche radius (or at 90%), but the pulsar's mass has not been assumed to be a certain value. Our results are as follows. The companion star should be a MS. For the case that the radius equals to its Roche one, we have a companion star with mass $M\simeq 0.51 M_{\odot}$ and radius $R_{\rm c}\simeq 0.52R_{\odot}$, and the inclination angle is $i\simeq 76.5^{\circ}$; for the case that the radius reaches 90% of its Roche one, we have $M\simeq 0.43M_{\odot}$, $R_{\rm c}\simeq 0.44R_{\odot}$ and $i\simeq 75.7^{\circ}$. We also obtain the mass of J1749, $M_{\rm p}\simeq 1M_\odot$, and conclude that the pulsar could be a quark star if the ratio of the critical frequency of rotation-mode instability to the Keplerian one is higher than $\sim 0.3$. The relatively low pulsar mass (about $\sim M_\odot$) may also challenge the conventional recycling scenario for the origin and evolution of millisecond pulsars. The results presented in this paper are expected to be tested by future observations., Comment: RAA accepted

The article of record as published may be found at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.07.027 Si1 xGex layers sandwiched between Si were grown at low temperature of 450 -C by molecular beam epitaxy. A comprehensive characterization has been performed on these heterostructures by multiple techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), photo- luminescence, Raman scattering, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), ion channeling and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). XRD confirmed the single crystallinity and the (100) orientation of the Si1 xGex layer. The Ge compositions and layer thicknesses were precisely determined by RBS. FTIR measurements revealed the vibration modes of Si–O–Si from the oxidation on surface and Si–H due to the hydrogenization during growth. National Science Council of Republic of China NSC 93-2218-E002-011 NSC 93-2215-E-002-035

Interactions between acoustic waves and optical modes both propagating along an optical fiber are reviewed for applications in tunable photonic sensory devices. Fiber design parameters in Brillouin scattering sensors, and acoustooptic tunable filters are discussed.

The significance of complex chromosomal rearrangements presents a diagnostic dilemma. In the past, the use of G-banding coupled with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has been the standard approach. The recent development of spectral karyotyping (SKY) and multicolor FISH (M-FISH) has resulted in an increased accuracy of identification of marker or other complex chromosomal rearrangements. However, owing to the additional cost and time associated with SKY or M-FISH, and the restricted availability of such imaging facilities in many centers, it is not feasible to perform these procedures routinely on every sample. In addition, the identification of an aberration by SKY or M-FISH will often require confirmation by FISH. A practical approach is needed to take advantage of the complementary strengths of each method. In our center we utilize an algorithm that dictates the use of routine G-banding for the initial preliminary evaluation of a patient, followed by SKY characterization if marker chromosomes or complex translocations are detected by the G-banding analysis. According to this algorithm, FISH is used to verify the results once the origin of the abnormal chromosome has been determined by SKY. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this algorithm, we have analyzed both amniocyte and lymphocyte slides, using a combination of G-banding, SKY, and FISH. Our results confirm that an algorithm which selectively uses SKY or M-FISH will provide an efficient and improved method for pre- and post-natal chromosomal analysis.

A series of 1,3- and 2,3-disubstituted 4,5-polymethylenepyrazole derivatives were prepared and their inhibitory activities on cyclooxygenase-2 were evaluated. Among the compounds prepared, 1,3-isomer, 3-cyclohexyl-l-(4-fluorophenyl) 4,5-trimethylenepyra-zole (5be) showed the most potent (IC50 = 0.008 microM) inhibitory activity with little selectivity (13-fold) on cyclooxygenase-2.

To evaluate the influence of prostate volume on the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level adjusted for the transition zone volume (PSAT) and free-to-total PSA ratio (f/tPSA) in detecting prostate cancer in men with intermediate PSA levels of 4.1-10.0 ng/mL.From March 1997 to June 1999, the f/tPSA and PSAT were measured in 105 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided systemic biopsies and had a PSA level of 4.1-10.0 ng/mL, with an apparently normal prostate on a digital rectal examination. The PSAT and f/tPSA were evaluated in all patients and in subgroups of patients with small (40 mL) or large (or = 40 mL) prostates, using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Total prostate volume was highly correlated with transition zone volume in all patients and in both subgroups (P0.001). In all 105 patients, PSAT had a sensitivity of 82% and its use would have avoided the largest number of unnecessary biopsies (87% specificity) at a threshold value of 0.35 ng. In men with small prostates f/tPSA and PSAT had a high sensitivity and specificity, at threshold values of 0.12 and 0.35 ng, respectively. In large prostates the PSAT was superior to f/tPSA in detecting prostate cancer.These results suggest that both f/tPSA and PSAT are useful in detecting prostate cancer in men with small prostates, while PSAT is superior to f/tPSA in detecting prostate cancer in men with large prostates.

The Palomar Testbed Interferometer (PTI) is a long-baseline infrared interferometer located at Palomar Observatory, California. It was built as a testbed for interferometric techniques applicable to the Keck Interferometer. First fringes were obtained in July 1995. PTI implements a dual-star architecture, tracking two stars simultaneously for phase referencing and narrow-angle astrometry. The three fixed 40-cm apertures can be combined pair-wise to provide baselines to 110 m. The interferometer actively tracks the white-light fringe using an array detector at 2.2 um and active delay lines with a range of +/- 38 m. Laser metrology of the delay lines allows for servo control, and laser metrology of the complete optical path enables narrow-angle astrometric measurements. The instrument is highly automated, using a multiprocessing computer system for instrument control and sequencing., ApJ in Press (Jan 99) Fig 1 available from http://huey.jpl.nasa.gov/~bode/ptiPicture.html, revised duging copy edit

Gallium nitride/gallium oxide GaN/Ga2O3 nanowire metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistors are shown to operate at an average electron velocity of ∼1.24 × 107 cm/s and threshold-voltage roll-off of −0.2 V as the transistor gate length Lg reduced from 500 to 50 nm. Improvement of saturation current to 120 μA and unity current/power-gain cut-off frequency to 150/180 GHz is observed on Lg = 50 nm devices. Our study reveals the advantages of using (i) polarization-induced positive charges and high-k dielectric at the {11¯01¯}GaN/{002}Ga2O3 interface to provide carrier confinement and to shield the drain field, and (ii) polarization-induced negative charges at the (0001)GaN/sapphire interface to form a back-barrier to suppress leakage and improve the short-channel transport properties.

The atomic nucleus capability of responding by hydromagnetic vibrations, which was considered long ago by Hannes Alfven, is re-examined in the context of current developments in nuclear physics and pulsar astrophysics.

We investigate the transport properties of thin-film transistors using indium oxide (In2O3)/gallium oxide (Ga2O3) bi-layer stacks as the channel material. At low gate bias, we observe the transistor field-effect mobility increases with the film resistivity to μFE = 51.3 cm2/Vs and ON/OFF current ratio to 108 due to combinatorial layer thickness modulation. With the Ga2O3 layer thickness ratio increase to R = 14.35%, these observations are accompanied with one-order-of-magnitude reduction in the transistor subthreshold swing to 0.38 V/decade and suggest a trap-limited conduction mechanism upon which the reduced scattering centers due to annihilation of subgap states improve the device electric characteristics without post-growth annealing.