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Il contributo presenta la ricostruzione di un labrum iscritto in marmo pavonazzetto, i cui elementi sono stati rinvenuti in due luoghi differenti dell'area urbana della città di Cuma, nel corso di indagini parallelamente condotte dall'Università Federico II e dal Centro J. Béeard di Napoli. Il labrum conserva parte di un'iscrizione probabilmente allusiva all'acquedotto del Serino inaugurato da Augusto.

Within the Afar depression (Djibouti) the stratiform basaltic lava flows (emplaced between 4 Ma and 1 Ma) cover the two thirds of the depression. Because of the desert climate, they are almost non eroded. The topography can then be used as a reference surface to measure the vertical offset of younger faults. Using a detailed map the southeastern part of the depression showing the fault pattern and the vertical offset on each fault (obtained from stereoparts of SPOT images), we have restored the topography in map view. We have computed the fields of finite displacement, rotation and strain. The field of horizontal displacements shows vectors trending to the NE on average. This direction is compatible with the displacement to the NE of the Arabian plate with reference to the African plate. In detail however, displacement vector trend from NNE- SSW to NE-SW. Major axes of strain ellipse trend NE-SW suggesting that major faults (N120) are dominantely extensional. Strain intensities and magnitudes of block rotations are increasing from southwest to northeast of the restored area. Magnitudes of block rotations are very small compared with those obtained from paleomagnetic measurements. Therefore we computed a second restoration that covers a smaller area where the true vertical offset of the major faults taking into account the sedimentary fill of basins were avalaible. This second model gives rotation magnitudes in better agreement with paleomagnetic data but still underestimates. We discuss these results with the available kinematic models of the southeastern part of the depression.

The short-term survival of critically ill patients with cancer has improved over time. Studies providing long-term outcome for these patients are scarce.We prospectively analyzed outcomes and rates of successful discharge of 111 consecutive critically ill cancer patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) in 2008 and identified factors influencing these results.ICU mortality was 32% and hospital mortality was 41%. None of the characteristics of the malignancy nor age or neutropenia were significantly different between survivors and others. Two variables were independently associated with ICU mortality: high Logistic Organ Dysfunction score on day 7 and a diagnosis of viral infection and/or reactivation. The 1-year mortality rate for ICU survivors was 58% and was significantly lower in patients with a diagnosis of acute leukemia or multiple myeloma.Organ failure scores on day 7 can predict outcome for cancer patients in the ICU. Viral infection and reactivation appear to worsen the prognosis. One-year mortality rate is high and depends on the malignancy.

The levels of metronidazole in serum and tissue penetration of metronidazole were studied after prophylactic administration in 11 patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. A single dose of 1,000 mg given intravenously was administered before surgery. Adequate drug levels in serum (greater than or equal to MIC for 90% of strains tested [MIC90] for Bacteroides fragilis) were found in all patients throughout the procedure. Mean peak (15-min) and last-determined (24-h) metronidazole levels in serum were 28.8 +/- 8 and 4.2 +/- 1.7 mg/liter, respectively. The beta-phase elimination half-life was 9.5 +/- 2.3 h, and the clearance and apparent volume of distribution were 57 +/- 13 ml/min and 0.7 +/- 0.1 liter/kg, respectively. In the colonic wall at surgical anastomosis, tissue metronidazole levels greater than or equal to MIC90 for B. fragilis were found in 91% of patients. In the abdominal wall fat and epiploic fat, tissue metronidazole levels greater than or equal to MIC90 for B. fragilis were found in 40 to 60% of patients at surgical incision and closure. No anaerobic infection occurred during the study.

P244 Reflection Termination Patterns in Piggyback Basins of the Makran Accretionary Prism R.A. Castilla* (IFP) N. Ellouz (IFP) & J.P. Brun (Geosciences Rennes Universite de Rennes 1) SUMMARY Thrusts activation and time span of activity is of capital importance for the history of fluid flow in thrust belts and accretionary prisms. Detailed information about the timing and order of activation/deactivation of individual structures is hard to obtain. For this reason numerous assumptions must be done when interpreting data in these compressive settings. One common assumption comes from the sequence models which state that thrusts develop sequentially and in most cases

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Tomb Nr 1 of the ancient cemetery of Costebelle, attributed to the 4th century AD, contained the skeleton of a pregnant female and that of her foetus in the pelvic cavity. This was aged seven months, was almost complete and showed an exceptional example of bony lesions suggestive of infection. Its etiology suggested the likelihood of early congenital syphilis. This case raises the question of the theory of the importation of venereal disease into Europe, about a 1000 years later, by the crews of Christopher Columbus. The foetus of Costebelle is not an isolated example : other osteo-archaeological findings make a case for the existence of a treponeme (venereal or non venereal) in Europe before 1493.

We developed a method to record the feeding behaviour of up to four stall-housed goats simultaneously. It consists of a series of tests to monitor intake, rumination and idling in Alpine and Saanen dairy goats. We used two complementary systems to record simultaneously jaw movements and the weight of the ingested quantities. The recording apparatus was composed of a portable electronic device connected by a flexible pipe to another softer pipe fixed on the inside part of the lower strap of the halter, between the halter and the mouth of the animal. The portable device was placed on the back of the animal, fixed on a basal plastic part which neither disturbed the animal nor changed its behaviour. The portable device transforms air pulses generated from the compression of the halter pipe into binary signals recorded every 2.5 s. Weighing machines, fixed under the feeding pans of the four goats, transmit weights to an adapted electronic memorizer able to store data every 2 min. The results showed very little discordances between the two sets of recorded data. Video recordings were performed to test the reliability of the systems. Comparisons between filmed and recorded behaviours showed a non-significant difference which did not exceed 1% when the goats were clearly seen. This method seems well adapted to stall-housed goats and provides complete and exact data on intake, rumination and idling over a continuous period (48 h in our case) and also on intake level and rate.

Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is an effective technique to relieve most forms of acute postoperative pain. However it is not easy to apply. An adequate training of the nursing staff has been for a safe and successful use in the recovery room and the wards as well. Our study was aimed to assess such a training. The most common errors during training period included the incorrect preparation of syringes and the inadequate use of i.v. lines. Errors in programming were spontaneously rectified by using a special procedure. Specific acute pain nurse teams were trained. To optimize the pump use and promote safety and efficacy, special protocols and procedures were devised. PCA is now accepted as a normal nurse procedure. There is no longer any resistance against the introduction of PCA in the wards. Training of nursing staff for the use of PCA devices is essential in order to avoid "human errors". PCA has become routine for the management of postoperative pain.

The Brioverian formations of the Armorican Massif have been involved in orogenic events generated by the plate tectonic regime during latest Proterozoic-Early Cambrian times; these gave rise to the Cadomian fold-belt which is contemporaneous with the Pan-African (sensu lato) and Avalonian progenies.

Surgical appliances have a place of choice in the care of the foot with trophic lesions in diabetics, after partial amputation and as a preventive measure when it is free from trophic disorders. The type of appliance will depend on the footwear and the possibility of wearing orthopedic soles, whatever the stage of the affection. For the foot free from trophic disorders the shoes should be wide fitting, in soft leather and of the seamless type. Made to measure shoes should be reserved for badly deformed feet. The soles should be molded in silicone or polyurethane to distribute weight bearing and to avoid it over zones at risk. Appliances for the foot with trophic lesions should allow the resumption of walking. If the lesions are too extensive an orthosis is performed or a specific type of slipper with molded soles is worn to avoid pressure on the wounds. After amputation of toes a silicone orthoplasty is used to fill the interdigital space to avoid deformity of the other toes. If a front of foot has been amputated a corrected silicone molded sole with false extremity is applied. For a back of foot amputation an orthoprosthesis is made, preferentially in silicone introductible in a regular high sided shoe. In order to fulfil its preventive or temporary role, the appliance should evolve with time and be followed up regularly with close collaboration between the diabetic specialist the podologist and the orthotist.

Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of netilmicin were studied after the use of a single dose (6 mg/kg) given for antibioprophylaxis in colo-rectal surgery. Thirteen patients, scheduled for elective surgery, were given 6 mg/kg IV netilmicin over 30 min, together with 1000 mg IV ornidazole. Netilmicin peak serum concentration (10 min after end of infusion) was 24.4 +/- 3.4 mg/l and trough level (24 h) was 0.9 +/- 0.5 mg/l. Plasma elimination half-life was 409 +/- 70 min, le volume apparent volume of distribution was 38 +/- 101 and total body clearance was 0.07 +/- 0.02 ml/min. Adequate netilmicin levels (5 greater than or equal to CMI 90 of involved pathogens Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus) were obtained in 100 per cent of patients in abdominal wall and epiploid fat, at time of opening, and in colonic wall at time of anastomosis. Adequate levels were obtained at time of closure in abdominal wall and epiploid fat in 92 to 100 per cent of patients. In situation of allergy to beta-lactam antibiotics, the use of netilmicin in combination with ornidazole may be recommended.

Several domains of contrasted extensional deformation have been identified in the southern Afar triangle (East Africa) from fault patterns analyzed with panchromatic stereoscopic SPOT (Systeme Probatoire d9Observation de la Terre) images. Stretching directions and statistical orientation and offset variations of faults fit with the Danakii "crank-arm" model of Sichler: A 10° sinistral rotation of the Danakil block explains the fault geometry and dextral block rotation in the southern part of the Afar triangle, as well as the oblique extension in the Tadjoura Gulf. Analogue modeling supports this interpretation.

The Gulf of Tadjoura, separating the Danakil and Somalia plates1, represents the western extension of the Sheba Ridge between Arabia and Somalia in the Gulf of Aden (Fig. 1). It has been assumed that a simple plate-tectonic scheme could be applied to the area with NE–SW transform faults offsetting roughly east–west zones of accretion represented by the major bathymetrie troughs1–8 (Fig. 1c). More recently this boundary has been interpreted as a westward-propagating rift with its present-day tip on land in the region of the Asal Lake9,10. Here we present data from dives with the submersible Cyana which show that there have been two episodes of extensional faulting, an older inactive phase parallel to the general ENE–WSW direction of the gulf and a younger fault set along discontinuous zones striking 140°. There is no surface evidence for any transform fault zone in the area covered and the incipient spreading segments whose geometry implies extension on 050° do not define a plate boundary. The faulting observed is at odds with that predicted by orthodox plate tectonics.

Les benzodioxannes-1, 3 diversement substitues en 2,4 subissent deux coupures de ‘retro’ Diels-Alder: l'une classique, l'autre avec migration d'hydrogene. Under electron-impact, two ‘retro’ Diels-Alder fragmentation paths are observed in the spectra of 2,4- substituted 1,3-benzodioxan; one with normal ‘retro’ Diels-Alder reaction and the other with hydrogen transfer.

Sous impact electronique, la fragmentation du benzofuro(3–2b)benzofuranne est caracterisee par la perte d'un groupment C6H4CO avec migration selective d'un hydrogene et les pertes de radicaux benzoyle et benzoate; Un groupment formyle est elimine en deux etapes. The fragmentation pattern of benzofuro(3–2b)benzofuran under electron-impact is studied. Losses of C6H4CO with selective hydrogen migration, and losses of benzoyl and benzoate radicals are observed; From the molecular ion, sequential losses of CO and hydrogen are shown.

A paleomagnetic study of eleven sites of Devonian limestones sampled along the flanks and hinge of a polyphase Hercynian recumbent fold in the Montagne Noire reveals well defined directions of characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM). The directions have good within-site precision but a large between-site scatter, which fails to be reduced by a classical tilt correction. This is readily understood if widespread remagnetization occurred between the two major Hercynian phases of folding (A and B), which are known to have shaped the Montagne Noire. This remagnetization appears to be an instance of a continent-wide chemical event that wiped out much of the magnetic memory of Devonian and lower Carboniferous rocks in Laurasia, Baltica and northern Gondwana, possibly due to groundwater circulation following the major Hercynian tectonic phases. Comparison of observed and predicted Hercynian magnetic directions allows one to determine, through a fairly simple geometric construction, the tectonic elements of the later phase B. It is found that different rotations affected the flanks and hinge zone of the folds generated by phase A, thus demonstrating how a pre-existing structure can control the development of deformation in a later tectonic phase. The effects of the non cylindrical phase B can next be removed to reveal the broad tectonic features of phase A deformations. The reversed (Kiaman) polarity of the ChRM allows a determination of the age of phase B, which is found to be about 300–310 Ma and of the age of the remagnetization itself at about 310–320 Ma. The search for the age of remagnetization included paleomagnetic measurements at two lower Permian sites from the nearby Lodeve basin. These provide new data for the Permian pole of Europe and point out the limitations of some earlier studies, due to insufficient magnetic cleaning. Finally, the principal shortening directions of the two phases can be determined from the magnetic data and are found to have rotated counterclockwise by 30° between phase A and phase B. This feature, already observed in the collision of India against Eurasia, may be related to the progressive suturing of former subduction zones during the Hercynian collision of Gondwana against Laurasia. This study demonstrates the potential of remagnetizations for the solution of rather complex tectonic problems. We propose the term “magnetotectonics” for this rapidly expanding field of studies, in which the methods of paleomagnetism and structural analysis are closely associated.

Les sequences de fragmentation, induites par impact electronique de trois aminopyrimidines et de quatre dimeethylaminopyrimidines sont envisagees. Alors que dans le cas des aminopyrimidines la sequence principale de fragmentation correspond a une perte d'acide cyanhydrique, pour les dimethylaminopyrimidines deux sequences preponderantes sont observees: -elimination d'un radical methyle; -elimination de methylenimine CH2NH. La presence de l'ion HNMe2+− dans le cas de la dimethylamino-4 pyrimidine permet de differencier ce compose de son homologue en position 2. Ekectron-impact mass spectra are presented for some amino and dismethylaminopryimidines. In the two series the base peak is due to the moleculer ion. In the former, the fragmentation pathway invovles loss of hydrogen cyanide from the moleculer ion, whereas in the latter, it is the loss of methyl or methylenimine CH2NH that occurs. The presence of HNMe2+ ion for 4-dimethylaminopyrimidine allows one to differentiate this isomer from 2-dimethylaminopyrimidine.

The results of 26 dives with the diving saucer Cyana in the Gulf of Tadjoura and Ghoubbet al Kharab (Republic of Djibouti) are presented. One can demonstrate that the sites of recent volcanism, tectonics and hydrothermal activity within the axial part of the Gulf of Tadjoura coincide with topographic highs trending at a high angle (azimuth 135°) with respect to the average trend of the axial trough of the Gulf (azimuth 080°). The highs owe their relief to both volcanism and normal faulting along a trend of 130–140°. Recent faulting on the bounding walls of the axial trough is also found along a trend of 130–140° where the faults interfere with another set of apparently older faults trending 070° parallel to the axial trough. Spacing between the active zones of the Gulf is regular and about 30 km. No evidence for transform faulting has been found, in contradiction to all previous kinematic models of the Gulf of Tadjoura. There is evidence that the presently active phase of opening associated with 130–140° faults is less than 0.7 my old and that there was an older phase associated with 070°–080° faults creating the main trough of the Gulf. The basaltic lavas created during the two phases have evolved from transitional to tholeiitic.

A new technique for quantitative evaluation and easy documentation of cochlear pathology is reported. The cochleas of any laboratory animal can be entirely studied in surface preparation as well as sectionned at any desired place and angle for light and EM examination of all parts including the spiral ganglion and stria.

A fatal case of cerebral venous thrombosis associated with protein C deficiency is reported. It occurred at six months of gestation in a 25 year old patient during her first pregnancy. She had generalized seizures. Computed axial tomography displayed cerebral haemorrhagic infarction, and the carotid angiograms signs of superior longitudinal sinus thrombosis. Before the patient's death on the seventh day after admission, protein C deficiency was discovered. The occurrence of thrombosis of the superior longitudinal sinus during pregnancy, as well as that of protein C deficiency in atypical cases of thromboembolic disease, are discussed.

The authors conducted a comparative study of the effect of two oral contraceptives Varnoline and Diane in the treatment of androgenic manifestations: acne and hirsutism. The two products tested seem to have a similar efficacy on this type of clinical manifestations.

Following a historical approach, the authors first describe the original development of the concept of inhibition in neurophysiology and then analyze the subsequent adaptations made in psychiatry around such concept including those of: -- Pavlov, Hull, Watson and the behaviorists, -- Freud and the Freudian School, -- clinicians and psychopharmacologists. The concept of inhibition has thus various meanings in psychiatry. Although some unity is achieved on the semiological level, this aspect cannot explain the extent of the process.

This work details the personal results of a city gynaecologist based on 50 case records of menopausal women. The reasons for which they sought advice, and the attitude which the doctor should adopt towards them are specified.