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Odd-frequency triplet Cooper pairs are believed to be the carriers of long-range superconducting correlations in ferromagnets. Such triplet pairs are generated by an inhomogeneous magnetism at the interface between a superconductor (S) and a ferromagnet (F). So far, reproducible long-range effects were reported only in complex layered structures designed to provide the magnetic inhomogeneity. Here we show that spin triplet pair formation can be found in simple unstructured Nb/permalloy ( $\mathrm{Py}={\mathrm{Ni}}_{0.8}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{0.2}$ )/Nb trilayers and Nb/Py bilayers, but only when the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer ranges between 140 and 250 nm. The effect is related to the emergence of an intrinsically inhomogeneous magnetic state, which is a precursor of the well-known stripe regime in Py that in our samples sets in at thickness larger than 300 nm.

Compartment syndrome caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus) has rarely been documented. We report the case of a 53-yearold male, hypertensive, who developed compartment syndrome and myositis in the right lower limb. The patient underwent emergency fasciotomies of the anterior, lateral, superficial posterior and deep posterior compartments of the leg and two subsequent surgical debridements, in addition to receiving antibiotic treatment and delayed closure of the fasciotomies with grafts. As sequelae, the patient experiences joint stiffness and hypoesthesia in the area of the external popliteal sciatic nerve. Early recognition of the issue, timely intervention, and postoperative follow-up were crucial elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In this work, we report the preparation of TiO2 nanoparticles with a high surface area, from 120 to 168 m2 g−1 by the hydrothermal-microemulsion route and hydrothermal temperature effect over particle size, porosity, and photovoltaic parameter. The TiO2 samples were characterized by Raman, BET, TEM, SEM-FE, I–V curves, and EIS. The increase of hydrothermal temperature correlates with particle and pore size. Although when the synthesis temperature was 250 °C, the surface area presents an unexpected decrease of c.a. 28%. TiO2 samples were employed as thin-film photo-anodes for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) solar cells. Photovoltaic results showed that the sample prepared at 250 °C presented the more suitable textural properties for the DSSC application. The prepared TiO2 materials with a particle size of 6.93 ± 0.59 nm and anatase crystalline phase favor electron transport and diffusion of electrolyte species, which directly impact in solar cell efficiency.

The dynamics of the Loop Current (LC) and the detached Loop Current eddies (LCEs) dominate the surface circulation of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and transport Caribbean Water (CW) into the gulf. In this work, 25 years (1993–2017) of daily satellite data are used to investigate the variability of these physical processes and their effect on chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations from 1998 to 2017, including temporal changes, mean differences, and regional concentration tendencies. The physical variables analyzed are absolute dynamic topography (ADT) and oceanic currents. From the ADT and oceanic current monthly climatologies, it is shown that there is an annual intrusion of CW with an inward incursion that starts in spring, peaks in the summer, reaches to 28∘ N and 90.45∘ W, and then retreats in winter to approximately 26.5 ∘ N and 88.3 ∘ W. Minimum surface Chl a concentrations (−3) are found during the summer–autumn period inside the region of maximum incursion of CW; the opposite is observed during the winter period when Chl a concentrations were at a maximum, e.g., > 0.14 mg m−3. The 3-year running averages of the ADT 40 cm isoline qualitatively reproduce the climatological pattern of 25 years showing that before 2002 CW was less intrusive. This suggests that from 2003 onward, larger volumes of oligotrophic waters from the Caribbean Sea have invaded the western GoM and reduced mean surface Chl a concentrations. A direct comparison between the 1998–2002 and 2009–2014 periods indicates that in the latter time interval, the Chl a concentration above waters deeper than 250 m has decreased significantly.

This work assesses the application of near infrared spectroscopy technology for the quality control of sunflower seeds direct from farmers and from a storage silo. The results show that the analytical method employing near infrared spectroscopy can be used as a rapid and non-destructive tool for the determination of moisture, fat and high/low oleic acid contents in samples of sunflower seeds. The ranges obtained were comparable to those reported for classic chemical methods, and were between 4.6-21.4% for moisture; 38.4-49.6% for fat, and 60.0-93.1% for oleic acid expressed as percentage of total fatty acids. A stepwise discriminant analysis was performed to determine the most useful wavelengths for classifying sunflower seeds in terms of their (high/low) oleic acid composition. The discriminant model allows the classification of sunflower seeds with high or low oleic acid contents, with a prediction rate of 90.5% for internal validation and of 89.4% for cross-validation.

The canonical biplot method (CB) is used to determine the discriminatory power of volatile chemical compounds in cheese. These volatile compounds were used as variables in order to differentiate among 6 groups or populations of cheeses (combinations of two seasons (winter and summer) with 3 types of cheese (cow, sheep and goat’s milk). We analyzed a total of 17 volatile compounds by means of gas chromatography coupled with mass detection. The compounds included aldehydes and methyl-aldehydes, alcohols (primary, secondary and branched chain), ketones, methyl-ketones and esters in winter (WC) and summer (SC) cow’s cheeses, winter (WSh) and summer (SSh) sheep’s cheeses and in winter (WG) and summer (SG) goat’s cheeses. The CB method allows differences to be found as a function of the elaboration of the cheeses, the seasonality of the milk, and the separation of the six groups of cheeses, characterizing the specific volatile chemical compounds responsible for such differences.

Scorpion sting is a health problem in some places of Mexico. The clinical manifestations of scorpion envenomation are variable and include metabolic alterations. Hyperkalemia is the most frequently reported metabolic alteration. We conducted a prospective, observational, descriptive and transversal study in an emergency room at Hospital del Niño Morelense, Mexico. Eighty-two patients were included and classified as mild (17%) moderate (33%) and severe (46%). The mean serum level of sodium was 146.4meq/l, standard deviation (SD) 5.58; potassium 3.86meq/l, SD 0.53, and calcium 9.55mg/dl, SD 0.76. We found 30.4% hypernatremia, 12% hypokalemia, 10.9% abdominal distension, and 14.6% visual alterations.

Objetivo: nuestro objetivo es aportar una visión actualizada sobre una patología tan infrecuente como el carcinoma oat-cell esofágico, mediante revisión de la bibliografía y la exposición de dos casos de reciente aparición en nuestro servicio. Material y método: se realizó un estudio retrospectivo con revisión de las historias clínicas de los pacientes ingresados en nuestro servicio con el diagnóstico de neoplasia esofágica en los últimos 6 años (enero de 2000 a diciembre de 2006). Resultados: se estudiaron 249 casos de neoplasias de esófago en el curso de este periodo de 6 años, de ellas 106 fueron de estirpe epidermoide (42,6%), 141 adenocarcinomas (56,6%) y 2 oat-cell (0,8%). Del total de estos tumores sólo en 45 (18%) de ellos se pudo realizar resección quirúrgica, en 23 (9,3%) cirugía paliativa (no se incluyen prótesis endoscópicas, gastrostomías ni yeyunostomías) y en el resto (181 casos, 72,7%) cirugía derivativa o ninguna opción quirúrgica. Conclusiones: podemos afirmar que esta neoplasia es altamente agresiva, presentando en prácticamente la totalidad de los casos diseminación a otras localizaciones. Se trata de un cáncer muy poco frecuente que afecta mayoritariamente a varones y cuya clínica es similar al resto de procesos neoplásicos que afectan al esófago.Objective: our objective is to contribute an updated view on a condition as rare as oat-cell carcinoma of the esophagus by reviewing the literature and reporting two recent patients seen in our department. Material and method: a retrospective study with a review of all medical records of patients seen in our ward and diagnosed with esophageal neoplasm for 6 years (January 2000 to December 2006). Results: 249 cases of esophageal neoplasms were found, of them 106 were of squamous ancestry (42.6%), 141 were adenocarcinomas (56.6%), and 2 were oat-cell carcinomas (0.8%). Only in 45 (18%) was surgical resection feasible, 23 underwent palliative surgery (endoprostheses, gastrostomies, and jejunostomies not included) (9.3%), and the rest (181 cases, 72.7%) received derivative surgery or no surgery at all. Conclusions: we can affirm that this neoplasm is highly aggressive, displaying in practically all cases dissemination to other sites; this is a rare cancer that mainly affects men and whose clinical picture is similar to that of other malignancies involving the esophagus.

En este trabajo se realiza, por vez primera, un análisis paleoambiental y bioestratigráfico de los depósitos aluviales del Mioceno inferior de la sección de Cenicero (sector NO de la Cuenca del Ebro; N de la Península Ibérica), a partir de las asociaciones de ostrácodos y micromamíferos preservadas en estos materiales. Una de las principales características de esta sección es la inusual abundancia de ejemplares de ostrácodos no transportados, en comparación con otras secciones europeas de edad y ambiente sedimentario similares, lo que permite hacer inferencias paleoambientales precisas. La variación en las asociaciones de ostrácodos identificadas, defini-das por especies como Cyclocypris laevis, Ilyocypris bradyi, Ilyocypris gibba, Limnocythere sp. o Pseudocandona parallela, parece sugerir el desarrollo de pequeños cuerpos de agua dulce, someros y efímeros, enmarcados en un ambiente general aluvial distal y/o de llanura de inundación. Hacia techo de la sección, se registra una mayor permanencia temporal de estas acumulaciones y condiciones más estables y favorables del medio para el desarrollo de los ostrácodos. Así mismo, se observan variaciones en la temperatura y salinidad del agua a lo largo de la sección, que podrían estar relacionadas con cambios en el régimen pluviométrico local. La presencia de micromamíferos en uno de los niveles estudiados ha permitido obtener una datación precisa de la sección. Así, la aparición de Armantomys daamsi sitúa la sección de Cenicero dentro de la zona local Y2 (MN2) de edad Ageniense (Mioceno inferior).

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Introduction: arthroscopic surgical treatment of rotator cuff tendon injuries has replaced open surgery as the first treatment option. Different surgical techniques have been described for massive or irreparable ruptures, and recently, a new device that consists of a biodegradable subacromial spacer between the humeral head and the acromion has been used. The present study aims to analyse the results of this implant in our experience. Material and methods: we conducted an observational and retrospective study of all patients undergoing subacromial spacer implantation at our centre from 2017 to 2019. Patients were assessed pre- and postoperatively using the Constant, DASH and VAS scales. Results: a total of 43 patients met the inclusion criteria and the minimum followup of 24 months. The mean DASH scale score went from 53.6 at preoperative assessment to 27.9 at postoperative assessment (p = 0.026). There was also a significant improvement in the Constant scale from a mean of 37.9 to 61.8 (p = 0.037). In terms of pain assessment, the mean VAS went from a mean of 7.44 to 3.38 (p = 0.916). In 90% of patients no complications or need for further interventions were objectified. Conclusions: the subacromial balloon has shown favorable results in our series of patients, so it could be a valid treatment option in patients with non-repairable rotator cuff tears. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Los ejotes son hortalizas de alta calidad nutritiva y en México existe tendencia a incrementar el consumo de esta leguminosa, por lo cual, el objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar variedades de frijol ejotero de diferente hábito de crecimiento, adaptadas al Valle de México con base en la productividad y calidad del ejote en dos fechas de siembra. Se estableció un experimento con 36 variedades de frijol (31 fueron de hábito de crecimiento determinado y 5 de hábito indeterminado), el 21 de mayo y 15 de junio de 2001, en Texcoco, Estado de México. Se registraron los días a floración, días a inicio de corte, días a madurez fisiológica, peso fresco, producción total y longitud de los ejotes, así como el rendimiento de semilla. En la primera fecha de siembra (PFS) se evaluó el contenido de proteína y de fibra cruda en los ejotes. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (P≤0.01) para todas las variables cuantificadas. El descenso de la temperatura, el fotoperiodo y la disponibilidad hídrica redujo el número de cortes de ejote, de ocho en la PFS a cinco en la segunda. Las variedades de hábito indeterminado registraron, en promedio, mayor rendimiento total de ejotes y semilla. Ejotero 50, OR 900 y US No. 3 mostraron el mayor rendimiento de ejotes en la PFS y pueden usarse en siembras tempranas. US No. 3, E10-1, F2 y E10-2 sobresalieron en la segunda fecha y pueden utilizarse en siembras tardías. En las dos fechas de siembra, Bayo Alteño mostró resistencia a enfermedades y rendimiento de ejotes y de semilla alto, por lo que puede sembrarse para doble propósito (ejote y grano) y como progenitor en el mejoramiento genético del frijol ejotero. El rendimiento y calidad obtenidos mostraron que es factible producir ejotes en el Valle de México

Scorpionism is a public health problem in some places in Mexico. The clinical symptoms of envenomation by scorpion sting are by sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation, developing systemic and local symptoms. The Central Nervous System (CNS) is one of the organs that are affected. In some cases, cerebral edema develops. In this report we present two pediatric cases with the association of envenomation by scorpion sting and cerebral edema. The first case developed severe cerebral edema, which progressed to a fatal outcome; and the other case developed mild cerebral edema with a satisfactory evolution. The pathophysiology of this complication is not well known and probably is the consequence of hypoxia, secondary to respiratory failure, laryngospasm and seizures that are manifestations of envenomation by scorpion sting.

Objective: interlukin 12 (IL-12) is a cytokine that may enhance the proliferation and cytotoxic activity of T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. A relationship between extensive intratumoral infiltration of NK cells and longer survival rates in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients was previously noted. Preliminary evidence suggests that the combined administration of IL-12 and IL-2 may produce additive immunomodulatory activity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the systemic administration of IL-12 (+/- IL-2) may induce an immune response against CRC as induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Methods: sixty-five 6-week-old Wistar rats were treated with weekly subcutaneous injections of DMH for 26 weeks at a dose of 20 mg/kg of body weight. Once tumoral induction was over, the animals were randomly allocated to one of three groups: I, control; II, intraperitoneal injections of IL-12; III, intraperitoneal injections of IL-12 combined with IL-2. At 30 weeks, all surviving animals were sacrificed. We studied the following parameters in each rat - number of tumors, size of tumors, and total tumoral volume.Tumor samples were studied using the monoclonal antibody CD 57 for the detection of NK cells. The extent of NK infiltration was classified as small, less than 50 NK cells/50 high-power field (HPF); moderate, 50 to 150 NK cells/50 HPF, and extensive, more than 150 NK cells/50 HPF. Results: thirty-five rats died before completion of the carcinogen exposure, and 30 rats were randomized (10 each group). In group II, 2 animals died during treatment. All rats in groups I and III developed tumors, while in group II two rats (25%) were tumor-free. Moreover, only one rat in group II developed multiple neoplasms, in contrast with group I and group III, where six rats (60%) and seven rats (70%), respectively, had more than one tumor. We found statistically significant differences in the mean number of tumors found in group II when compared to group I (p=0.028) and group III (p = 0.019). Other parameters measured, such as biggest tumor size and total tumoral volume were found to be lower in group II, although no statistical differences were found between groups. Only 10% of rats in group I showed moderated/extensive NK cell infiltration, vs. 60% of rats in group II (p = 0.077) and 70% in group III (p = 0.02). Conclusion: The administration of DMH to rodents provides a reliable and consistent means of inducing CRC that may be suitable for the evaluation of anti-cancer therapies. Our findings suggest that IL-12 is effective against the development of experimental CRC. Its antineoplastic effect could be attributed to the stimulus of this cytokine on the intratumoral infiltration of NK cells.Objetivo: la interleucina (IL-12) es una citocina que estimula la proliferación y la actividad citotóxica de los linfocito T y las células natural killer (NK). En trabajos previos se ha observado una relación entre la infiltración intratumoral de células NK y una mayor supervivencia en carcinomas colorrectales (CCR). Existen evidencias de un efecto aditivo en la actividad inmunomoduladora de la asociación de IL-12 con IL-2. Así, nos hemos propuesto el estudio de la capacidad de respuesta inmune antitumoral, tras la administración sistémica de IL-12 sola o combinada con IL-2, en un modelo experimental de CCR inducidos mediante la administración de 1,2-dimetilhidracina (DMH). Método: sesenta y cinco ratas Wistar de 6 semanas a las que se administró en inyección subcutánea una dosis semanal de DMH a razón de 20 mg/kg de peso durante 26 semanas. Finalizado el periodo de inducción, los animales se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en tres grupos. I: grupo control. Grupo II, se administró IL-12 recombinante murina. Grupo III: se administró IL-12, combinada con IL-2. Las ratas se sacrificaron en la semana 30, estudiándose los siguientes parámetros: número y localización de tumores, tamaño y carga tumoral. Se realizó inmunotinción para células NK con anticuerpo monoclonal CD 57. Se establecieron tres grupos según la cuantía del infiltrado: leve, menos 50 células/50 campos de gran aumento (CGA), moderado, entre 50 y 150/células/50 CGA y elevado, más de 150 células/50 CGA. Resultados: durante la inducción tumoral fallecieron 35 ratas. Las 30 restantes fueron distribuidas aleatoriamente en 3 grupos de 10. Durante las 2 semanas de tratamiento fallecieron 2 ratas, del grupo II. Todas las ratas de los grupos I y III desarrollaron CCR. En el grupo II, dos animales (25%) no desarrollaron tumor. Sólo una rata del grupo II desarrolló neoplasias múltiples en contraste con el grupo I en el que esto ocurrió en 6 ratas (60%) y siete (70%) en el grupo III. Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el número de tumores desarrollados entre el grupo II respecto al I (p = 0,028) y al grupo III (p = 0,019). El mayor tamaño tumoral o el volumen tumoral total fueron menores en el grupo II pero no se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas con los restantes grupos. Un 10% de las ratas del grupo I presentó moderada o extensa infiltración, frente al 60% del grupo II (p = 0,077) y al 70% del grupo III (p = 0,02). Entre los grupos II y III no se encontró ninguna diferencia estadística (p = 1). Conclusión: El modelo usado de inducción tumoral es un modelo útil para el estudio de la eficacia de distintos tratamientos antitumorales. Pensamos que la IL-12 tiene un efecto antineoplásico frente al desarrollo de tumores experimentales, lo que puede ser atribuido, al menos en parte, al estímulo ejercido por esta citocina sobre los infiltrados intratumorales de células NK.

La estructura del órgano estridulador de Agapanthia dahli (Richter, 1821) consiste en una placa estriada o pars stridens situada en la cara dorsal del mesonoto y un rascador o plectrum constituido por un engrosamiento del margen posterior interno del pronoto. El sonido se produce cuando el insecto mueve el pronoto con respecto al mesonoto, deslizando así el plectrum contra la pars stridens. La estructura de la señal emitida es típicamente bisilábica, reflejando el movimiento bidireccional de la pars stridens con respecto al plectrum. Se describe por primera vez el órgano estridulador y la señal acústica, y se discute el posible papel de la estridulación en esta especie. Palabras clave: Comunicación acústica, Estridulación, Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Agapanthia dahli.