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副肿瘤天疱疮（PNP）是一种与肿瘤伴发的自身免疫性皮肤、黏膜疾病，1990年由Anhalt首先描述。国外文献报道，PNP常见的伴发血液系统肿瘤，其中慢性淋巴细胞白血病（CLL）排在首位。除皮肤黏膜病变外，超过30%的PNP合并闭塞性细支气管炎（BO），常出现呼吸衰竭，预后差。本文报道1例以口腔、皮肤溃烂起病，诊断CLL伴发PNP，应用利妥昔单抗联合伊布替尼治疗后皮肤病变愈合，但出现反复发热及进行性加重的呼吸困难，考虑肺部感染合并BO，最终因呼吸衰竭、感染性休克死亡。通过对本例患者临床资料的回顾及分析，以提高临床医师对淋巴瘤伴发PNP的认识及治疗的探索。.

患者女性，51岁，因“左髋、腰骶疼痛7个月”于2019年11月就诊。发现左骶骨软组织包块伴骨质破坏，穿刺活检诊断为浆细胞瘤。查体：睑结膜无苍白，左侧髋部及骶骨压痛。结合血、尿M蛋白为κ（+），诊断多发性骨髓瘤（MM）。一线治疗应用硼替佐米+来那度胺+地塞米松（VRD）方案3程。自体造血干细胞移植（ASCT）前诊断左侧肺癌，局部肺叶切除，基因检测证实为EGFR突变，服用埃克替尼靶向药物。ASCT暂缓并序贯伊沙佐米+来那度胺+地塞米松（IRD）方案治疗MM，持续达到完全反应（CR）。既往2016年右乳腺癌术后放化疗史。2021年2月新发胸椎转移性腺癌，行局部放疗。2021年4月左侧乳腺癌复发，开始全身化疗6程。MM治疗持续进行，放化疗过程顺利。随访至今，3种肿瘤均病情稳定。.

A 43-year-old female patient was admitted with recurrent thrombosis for more than 2 years and thrombocytopenia for more than 1 year. Both arterial and venous thromboses developed especially at rare sites even during anticoagulation therapy such as cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Antinuclear antibody, anti-ENA antibody and antiphospholipid antibody were all negative. Platelet count elevated to normal after high dose glucocorticoid and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Immune thrombocytopenia was suspected. When 4 grade thrombocytopenia recurred, intravenous heparin, rituximab 600 mg, IVIG and eltrombopag were administrated. After 3 weeks, thrombocytopenia did not improve, and new thrombosis developed instead. Screening of thrombophilia related genes revealed PROS1 gene heterozygous mutation and MTHFR TT genotype. Low amount of serum IgG κ monoclonal protein was detected. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia was differentiated and excluded. Finally, serum negative antiphospholipid syndrome was considered the most likely diagnosis. Dexamethasone 20 mg/day × 4 days combined with sirolimus 2 mg/day was prescribed. The patient was discharged with low molecular weight heparin. At one month, her headache was greatly relieved. The platelet count raised to 20-30×10患者女性，43岁。因反复血栓形成2年余，血小板（PLT）减低1年余就诊。患者临床表现为反复动静脉血栓形成、少见部位血栓及抗凝治疗中新发血栓，伴有进行性加重的血小板减少。外院及我院多次筛查抗核抗体、抗可溶性抗原抗体、抗磷脂抗体谱均为阴性。病程中糖皮质激素冲击及静脉免疫球蛋白（IVIG）曾使血小板升至正常，骨髓巨核细胞成熟障碍，支持免疫性血小板减低。入院后筛查易栓症的病因，同时予肝素静脉泵入抗凝，利妥昔单抗600 mg 1次；IVIG 20 g/d×3 d；口服艾曲波帕50 mg/d治疗。以上治疗3周后，血小板减少无明显改善，期间仍有新发血栓。后易栓症基因筛查回报PROS1基因杂合突变，MTHFR基因型为TT型，发现少量IgGκ型M蛋白，但仍不足以解释如此顽固的血栓倾向。在排除肿瘤、肝素诱导的血小板减少症等之后最终诊断血清阴性抗磷脂综合征可能性大。后续加用地塞米松20 mg/d×4 d，联合口服西罗莫司2 mg/d加强免疫抑制，抗凝方案过渡为低分子肝素后出院。1个月后电话随访，患者颅内静脉窦血栓所致的头痛症状好转，PLT升至（20~30）×10

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) featured by clonal proliferation of platelets, thrombosis and hemorrhage. Portal hypertension is a serious complication of ET associated with poor prognosis. We report a patient with ET complicated with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and intestinal perforation due to portal hypertension. She had an uneventful recovery after surgical and endoscopic treatment.原发性血小板增多症（essential thrombocythemia，ET）是一种以克隆性血小板生成、血栓形成和出血倾向为特点的慢性骨髓增殖性肿瘤（myeloproliferative neoplasm，MPN）。门静脉高压是ET的严重并发症，可能对预后造成不良影响。我们报道一例因门静脉高压造成消化道出血和肠穿孔的ET患者，采用手术和内镜治疗后病情稳定，以期为伴有门静脉高压的MPN患者诊疗提供参考。.

目的 总结93例华氏巨球蛋白血症（WM）患者的临床特征、MYD88L265P及CXCR4WHIM突变情况、治疗选择和生存预后。 方法 回顾性分析2000年1月至2016年8月在北京协和医院初诊的症状性WM患者的临床特征、国际预后指数评分（WPSS）和总体生存（OS）；其中34例患者检测了MYD88L265P和CXCR4WHIM突变。 结果 93例患者男女比例为2.44∶1，中位年龄64（33~85）岁。WPSS分层：低危组16例（17.2%），中危组44例（47.3%），高危组33例（35.5%）。中位随访44（1~201）个月，中位OS期为84个月。Cox多因素分析显示：WPSS危险分层（HR=2.342，95% CI 1.111~4.950，P=0.025）、继发淀粉样变性（HR=5.538，95% CI 1.958~15.662，P=0.001）以及新药治疗（HR=3.392，95% CI 1.531~7.513，P=0.003）均是影响患者OS的独立预后因素。34例患者中32例（94.1%）存在MYD88L265P突变，8例（23.5%）存在CXCR4WHIM突变。MYD88L265PCXCR4WHIM突变组（7例）较MYD88L265PCXCR4WT组（25例）患者的贫血更重、血小板计数更低、M蛋白水平更高、高黏滞症状更多见，差异有统计学意义（P值均

To study the clinical, histopathological and therapeutic features of Sweet syndrome with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).The clinical data of 3 patients with Sweet syndrome and MDS diagnosed at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between October 1988 and November 2015 were reviewed. The laboratory test results, histopathological findings, and therapeutic regimens of these patients were analyzed retrospectively.The three cases were 29, 49 and 49 years old, respectively, including 2 females and 1 male. Two patients presented with Sweet syndrome before the onset of MDS, the other one patient developed Sweet syndrome and MDS simultaneously. The rash of all of these patients manifested as red painful papules in face, trunk and limbs, as well as edematous plaques and nodules. Histopathological examination of skin confirmed the diagnosis of Sweet syndrome. Complete blood count showed cytopenia of at least one lineage. Bone marrow cytology showed dysplasia of hematopoietic cells with abnormal high proportion of myeloblasts. Bone marrow pathology results were normal in 2 patients, while hypoplasia of hematopoietic tissue with excess adipose tissue was found in 1 patient. All the patients were treated with corticosteroid or immunosuppressants and skin lesions alleviated. But relapse was common in process of corticosteroid reduction.Sweet syndrome may be a precursor of MDS. The clinical manifestations, histopathological and hematological findings of these rare cases are characteristic. Corticosteroid indicates short-term response. The patients who had recurrent skin lesions should be further examined to exclude MDS.