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With the development of global economy and society,the number of patients who suffer from functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) and mental illness is growing. In recent years, a substantial amount of high-quality research evidence shows that these two kinds of diseases often coexist, and they are mutually causal, and their common pathophysiology is the abnormal interaction of "bacteria-gut-brain axis". In clinical practice, there are some problems, such as insufficient recognition and attention of both doctors and patients to its clinical manifestations, lack of understanding of pathophysiological mechanism, and lack of overall and integrated views of intervention methods, which may be the main factors of poor curative effect at present. Therefore, according to the global research progress and the author's clinical experience, we put forward a new viewpoint of "gastrointestinal psychiatry", it concluded that clinical intervention strategies needed to include dietary and lifestyle changes as well as multidisciplinary interventions such as probiotics, prebiotic, fecal microbiota transplantation and cognitive psychology. On the basis of gastrointestinal psychiatry, this paper systematically elaborated the diagnosis and treatment of this kind of diseases.随着全球经济和社会的发展，患有功能性胃肠病以及精神疾病的病例越来越多。近年来，大量高质量的研究证据显示，功能性胃肠病与精神疾病往往并存，且互为因果，恶性循环，其共同的病理生理基础为“菌-肠-脑轴”的互动异常。在功能性胃肠病与精神疾病的临床诊疗中，医患双方对其临床表现认知及重视程度不够、病理生理机制的认识欠缺及干预方式的全局观和整合观不足，造成当前该类疾病的疗效欠佳。本团队根据国内外的研究进展，结合笔者的临床经验，提出“胃肠精神病学”的概念，并总结其临床干预策略需要包括饮食和生活方式改变以及益生菌、益生元、菌群移植和心理认知等多学科介入。本文以“胃肠精神病学”为基础，对该类疾病的诊疗进行系统的阐述。.

多形性腺瘤（PA）是唾液腺最常见的良性肿瘤。但它可于手术切除数年后发生转移，甚至发生恶性转化，转变为癌在PA中或恶性肉瘤，具有很强的侵袭性。由于其高复发和恶性转化的趋势，且组织学谱广泛，因此，正确诊断PA是十分必要的。现报道1例老年女性PA 10年间逐渐出现肺、脑和骨的多发转移，最后恶变的病例。.

The malignant development and poor prognosis of gliomas are associated with a high degree of invasion and a high recurrence rate. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the invasiveness of glioma remains to be elucidated. Ste20- like kinase (SLK) is one of the members of the Ste20 family, which has been implicated in cellular migration and invasion. In this study, we intended to explore the expression of SLK significantly related to clinicopathologic stages of gliomas. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot analysis demonstrated that SLK was highly expressed in human glioma tissues and cell lines. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that poor survival was associated with high SLK expression. The inhibition of SLK by RNA interference significantly suppressed the invasion ability of glioma, and on protein level, knock- down of SLK leaded to an up-regulation of E-cadherin and a down-regulation of Vimentin in glioma cells. Collectively, this research shed light on mechanisms of invasion and progression of malignant gliomas and suggested that SLK may be a potential therapeutic strategy for glioma.

疫苗的免疫预防是最具成本-效益的卫生干预措施之一。卡介苗接种对婴幼儿有一定保护效果，但对青少年和成人效果堪忧。要实现世界卫生组织制定的"2015年后全球结核病战略"目标，迫切需要研发有效的结核病新疫苗。本文综述了近年来进入临床研究阶段的结核病新疫苗，以飨读者。.

In this paper, a cross-sectional cleavages microscopy method was used for subsurface damage detecting of 6H-SiC wafer grinding. The OLS4000 laser confocal microscopy was used to observe the surface morphology and subsurface cracks. The surface and subsurface damage characteristics and material removal mechanism in different grinding conditions were analysed. The results show that the major types of surface damage in SiC grinding are chipping pits, plough scratches and smear products. Lateral and median cracks are found in the subsurface. The grinding surface quality and the depth of subsurface crack can be altered by changing the maximum undeformed chip thickness that can be adjusted with different diamond grit sizes, feed rates and wheel speeds. With the decreasing the maximum undeformed chip thickness, the grinding surface roughness decreased and a trend of a brittle–ductile transition was observed.

Transmission electron microscopy was performed to investigate the microstructure and precipitates in the annealed Co38Ni33Al29 ferromagnetic shape memory alloy. Apart from the dendritic secondary phase in the austenite matrix, micron-sized (up to 100 μm) fcc-based precipitates with partial γ′ L12 ordering and containing none, one or three {1 1 1}p parallel twin planes were found. The orientation relationship between the precipitates and matrix was found to be KurdjumovSachs. STEMEDX analysis indicates that twinned and non-twinned precipitates are Co-rich and Al- and Ni-deficient with respect to the matrix and with a lower Co/Al ratio for the latter. The 3D morphologies of precipitates were reconstructed with focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope dual-beam slice-and-view imaging, showing that the single {1 1 1}p plane twinned precipitates have a plate-like shape while the non-twinned precipitates are lath-like and often bent.

To observe the Koch phenomenon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)-infected guinea pigs after vaccinated with killed H37Ra bacteria or tuberculosis vaccine candidate AEC/BC02.Eighteen guinea pigs were challenged subcutaneously with 5.0×10(3) CFU MTB and after 40 days were divided into 3 groups (6 per group): NS group, AEC/BC02 group and H37Ra group, which were injected intramuscularly 3 times at 1 day interval with normal saline, AEC/BC02 vaccine and killed H37Ra bacteria respectively. Three weeks after the first vaccination, all guinea pigs were sacrificed to evaluate gross pathological scores for liver, spleen and lung, bacterial loads in lung and spleen, and lung inflammation.The gross pathological score in H37Ra group (48±26) was lower than that in NS group(62±15), but the difference was not significant (t=1.093, P=0.300). The AEC/BC02 group had a significantly lower gross pathological score (36±15) than NS group (t=2.980, P=0.014). No significant difference between H37Ra group and AEC/BC02 group was observed (t=1.009, P=0.337). The spleen bacterial load [(5.31±0.80) log10 CFU]in H37Ra group was slightly lower than that in NS group[(5.57±0.75) log10 CFU] but the difference was not significant (t=1.581, P=0.574). In AEC/BC02 group bacterial load in the spleen was (4.64±0.64) log10 CFU and significantly lower than NS group (t=2.306, P=0.044) and no significant difference between H37Ra group and AEC/BC02 group was observed (t=1.602, P=0.140). Meanwhile, the lung bacterial load in AEC/BC02 group was (3.71±1.01) log10 CFU and in H37Ra group was (3.82±1.25) log10 CFU. Compared to (4.15±0.69) log10 CFU in the NS group, no significant differences were found (t=0.881, P=0.399; t=0.566, P=0.584, respectively). For the lung inflammation, the inflamed areas in H37Ra group were significantly larger [(33.0±4.4%)] than those in both NS group [(14.8±8.4) %, t=4.719, P=0.001] and AEC/BC02 group [(14.8±8.4) %, t=3.616, P=0.005], and no significant differences were seen between AEC/BC02 group and NS group (t=1.041, P=0.322).The lung inflammation indicated that killed H37Ra bacteria evoked an obvious Koch reaction in the MTB-infected guinea pigs, whereas AEC/BC02 vaccine showed a low risk of causing Koch phenomenon.

High quality LaOFeP superconducting materials?have been successfully synthesized by a two-step solid reaction method. We first prepared a La?Fe?P ternary alloy following a pre-alloying treatment; the resultant La?Fe?P ternary alloy was found to be the key precursor for producing the final LaOFeP superconductors in our experiments. The LaOFeP samples in general have a superconducting transition temperature of about Tc?4.1?K as demonstrated by the measurements of resistivity and magnetic susceptibility. The volume ratio of the superconducting phase in the high quality sample is estimated to be as high as 95% at the temperature of 2?K. Structural analysis by means of x-ray diffraction, electron diffraction and high resolution transmission electron microscopy shows that the LaOFeP crystal has a layered tetragonal structure with a P4/nmm space group. Structural defects such as stacking faults in the LaOFeP sample have also been briefly discussed.

The disc slitting machining experiments for electrical steel sheet were conducted to investigate the wear process of carbide alloy disc cutter and the slitting quality in the disc slitting process, and the blade contour shape of disc cutter in different slitting distance was measured by the surface profiler. A DEFORM-2D model, where the real blade profile or arc fitting profile was used as the blade contour of the cutter, was built to simulate the disc slitting process. Results show that the blade wear of disc cutter increases. The blade wear presents uneven in the side surface and cylindrical surface of the cutter, and the side wear is more serious with the increase of the slitting distance of electrical steel sheet. As the blade wear increases, the height of the rollover increases gradually, the height of the shear area increases at first and then decreases, but the height of the fracture area decreases at first and then increases. Compared with the arc fitting profile, the simulation surface morphology...

The present contribution reviews some recent electron microscopy investigations on different shape memory systems in which a variety of nano- and micro-defect structures play an essential role in the functional behaviour of the material. (NiTi3)-Ti-4 precipitates in Ni-Ti are a well-known example for which the focus is now on the 3D configurations, in Ni-Ti-Nb Nb-rich nanoprecipitates are thought to have a large impact on the hysteresis, in Co-Ni-Al an Al-enriched zone nearby the y'-precipitates yields a small sandwiched austenite while some first signs of quasidynamical lattice deformation in non-frozen Ni-Ti strain glass are measured by Cs-aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

High spin states of ${}^{112}$In were investigated using the reaction ${}^{110}$Pd(${}^{7}$Li,5$n$)${}^{112}$In at a beam energy of 50 MeV. A new level sequence has been found in this nucleus and the configuration $\ensuremath{\pi}{g}_{9/2}^{\ensuremath{-}2}{g}_{7/2}\ensuremath{\bigotimes}\ensuremath{\nu}{h}_{11/2}$ before the alignment and the configuation $\ensuremath{\pi}{g}_{9/2}^{\ensuremath{-}2}{g}_{7/2}\ensuremath{\bigotimes}\ensuremath{\nu}{h}_{11/2}^{3}$ after the alignment are assigned. The self-consistent titled axis cranking relativistic mean-field model calculations are performed to interpret the rotational structure and the characteristic features of antimagnetic rotation have been presented for the band after backbend.

Recently, dental implants (DIs) are extensively utilized on edentulous patients. The bio-compatibility & physical properties of DIs are severely specified since it belongs to the products of biomedicine. Generally, DIs must pass a series of tests before they are approved to use in human body. In this paper, a method of probabilistic fatigue-life estimation was proposed to fulfill reliability life prediction of DIs. The probabilistic form of fatigue-life evaluation is developed based on material constants namely fatigue strength coefficient and fatigue strength exponent. The procedure is developed based on the shift of the fatigue-life curve to the desired value of the probability of occurrence. This estimation model yields the life distribution in respect of the scatter of the cyclic properties of DIs. The CAD models of DIs are first constructed to perform computer simulation analysis for establishing the fracture spots. The stress analysis and life estimation were carried out by ANSYS software. The simulation results are further compared with the experimental data obtained by fatigue testing to determine the estimated model of fatigue life. The parameters of the model were determined by linear regression method based on the combination of the simulated and experimental data. The reliabilities of DIs were further investigated to provide an index of life-safety of DI at different cyclic loads. The analyzed results may be useful while programming the fatigue testing of DIs.

The SrFe(2)As(2 - x)P(x) (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) and CaFe(2)As(2 - y)P(y) (0.0 ≤ y ≤ 0.3) materials were prepared by a solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that the single-phase samples can be successfully obtained for SrFe(2)As(2 - x)P(x) (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) and CaFe(2)As(2 - y)P(y) (0.0 ≤ y ≤ 0.3). Visible contraction of the lattice parameters is determined due to the relatively smaller radius of P ions in comparison with that of As. The spin-density-wave (SDW) instability associated with the tetragonal to orthorhombic phase transition is suppressed noticeably in both systems following the increase in P content. The highest superconducting transitions are observed at about 27 K in SrFe(2)As(1.3)P(0.7) and at about 13 K in CaFe(2)As(1.925)P(0.075), respectively. Structural analysis suggests that lattice contraction could notably affect the superconductivity in these materials.

Quantum and classical correlations are investigated during quantum brachistochrone evolution (QBE) in this paper. We found some typical properties of the pair of quantum states sampled randomly by use of the Harr measure in this special kind of quantum evolution. This kind of evolution of a three-qubit system between two distinct states cannot be implemented without classical correlations (including bipartite J2 and tripartite J3) and quantum correlations (including bipartite D2 and tripartite D3). We also found that some QBEs between two distinct GHZ states do not follow the typical behaviour, and that this kind of evolution can be implemented without bipartite quantum correlations. Although the probability density function of the time-averaged bipartite classical correlation, time-averaged bipartite quantum correlations and time-averaged genuine tripartite correlations become more and more uniform with the decrease of angles of separation between an initial state and a final state, the features of their most probable values exhibit a different trend.

This article reported the image analysis of normal epithelia of bronchi (group 1), hyperplasia epithelia (group 2), atypical hyperplasia epithelia (group 3) and adenocarcinoma (group 4) of the lung in the hamsters induced by tin mine dust and chimney dust in Yunnan Tin Min CO. 16 parameters were observed and compared. Each value was tested by stepwise discriminational classification and an accuracy rate of 95% was reached. DNA ploidy was investigated, and no case of5C cell was found in normal and hyperplasia group. Severe atypia had a lower percentage, (4.00%) and lung adenocarcinoma was characterized by a high percentage of5C cell (10.75%), A significant difference was shown between the percentage of5C cell of severe atypia and that of adenocarcinoma. Significantly different (P0.01).

Using the method of intubation into lateral cerebral ventricle, the effect of Brucea javanica oil emulsion (BJOE) venous emulsion and oral emulsion on rabbits with normal and intracranial hypertension respectively were observed, to study whether BJOE could reduce intracranial pressure or not. The results shown that venous emulsion of BJOE had strong action against the elevation of intracranial pressure produced by SNP (P0.01) while oral emulsion had mild action against it, which was similar to the clinical observation exhibiting improvement of clinical manifestations after application of BJOE on intracranial hypertension caused by brain metastasis from lung cancer.

Promotion of cancer control programs requires accurate data on cancer incidence and mortality from population-based cancer registries. Currently, there are 12 institutions that register cancer deaths in the respective 12 counties and cities. The data thus obtained show that cancer of the esophagus, stomach, and liver in both sexes and cervical cancer in females are the leading causes of all cancer deaths. During the period of 1974-1985, marked changes have taken place in the Henan province in cancer mortality rates of certain sites. Some description and discussion of these changes are presented in this paper.

A retinol (15 mg), riboflavin (200 mg) and zinc (50 mg) supplement or a placebo (D-mannitol) was given to 610 Chinese farmers weekly for 13.5 months. Riboflavin, retinol, beta-carotene, tocopherol and zinc status were measured in all subjects at the start and end of the intervention and in a subsample at 2 months. Plasma vitamin C, haemoglobin and haematocrits were measured on other subsamples at the end of the supplementation period. At the start vitamin A, zinc and riboflavin status were poor. Plasma retinol and zinc concentrations were higher in men than women but the opposite was observed with respect to beta-carotene. There was no difference between the sexes for tocopherol and riboflavin. Tocopherol:cholesterol ratios suggested vitamin E status was good and vitamin C status also appeared adequate. The supplement increased plasma retinol throughout the whole period but riboflavin status improved only over the first 2 months and then remained constant. Plasma zinc increased in both treatment and placebo groups by approximately 15 to 20 per cent in men and women. Mean concentrations of retinol and tocopherol and beta-carotene (in women only) increased by approximately 20 per cent in the placebo group. It is argued that seasonal factors and/or the placebo may have been responsible for the increase in retinol and beta-carotene in the placebo group. The lack of an increase in beta-carotene in the men may have been due to their higher retinol requirements. Lastly, the increase in retinol may have been responsible for the increase in tocopherol and zinc in plasma since these nutrients increased in those whose plasma retinol increased, irrespective of treatment.