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1. The Phasing-Out of 18th-Century Patterns of German Migration to the United States after 1817

Author

Hans-Jürgen Grabbe

Subjects
Atlantic migration patterns, German immigration to the U.S, indentured servitude, redemptioners, Tambora crisis, Political science, Political institutions and public administration (General), JF20-2112, Social Sciences, Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform, HN1-995
Abstract

The years 1816 to 1819, at the beginning of the 19th century, saw the last wave of immigration into the United States that basically followed patterns of travel, finance, and trade established in the 1700s. Migrants from the German-speaking areas of Central Europe, in particular, reached British North America and later the United States under arrangements allowing them to book a passage on credit which they were to pay off by entering into a term of service for room and board which generally lasted from three to seven years. Their debt was redeemed this way, and such migrants were known as redemptioners. The contract agreement consisted of an original and a copy. When separating the two, the upper margins became indented—hence the term indentured servant. The reasons for the disappearance of this major 18th-century migration pattern, caused, above all, by the collapse of the redemptioner system, will be the focus of this article.

Published
2017
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2. Preface

Author

Hans-Jürgen Grabbe

Subjects
cyberactivism, online discourse, Patricia Lockwood, social media, surveillance, Political science, Political institutions and public administration (General), JF20-2112, Social Sciences, Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform, HN1-995
Abstract

On September 30, 2015, the American Studies Journal published its Occasional Paper No. 10, entitled “Rape as Spectator Sport and Creepshot Entertainment: Social Media and the Valorization of Lack of Consent.” The author, Kelly Oliver, is the W. Alton Jones Professor of Philosophy at Vanderbilt University. Drawing attention to recent cases of rape on American college campuses, she shows how cell phones and social media have been used to prolong the humiliation of the victims, giving rise to a culture of voyeurism that no longer hides its contempt for women.

Published
2016
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3. EAACI/GA2LEN/EDF/WAO-Leitlinie für die Definition, Klassifikation, Diagnose und das Management der Urtikaria — konsentierte, deutschsprachige Übersetzung

Author

Mario Sánchez-Borges, Margarida Gonçalo, Elias Toubi, Ricardo Niklas Werner, Gordon Sussman, I V Danilycheva, Ana Giménez-Arnau, Corinna Dressler, Stefanie Rosumeck, Bettina Wedi, Clive Grattan, Christian Vestergaard, Franziska Ruëff, Zuotao Zhao, Karin Hartmann, Kanokvalai Kulthanan, Alexander Nast, Eustachio Nettis, Jacques Hébert, Imke Reese, Torsten Zuberbier, P. Mathelier-Fusade, Petra Staubach, Michihiro Hide, Hanneke Oude-Elberink, Thilo Jakob, Zenon Brzoza, M. Magerl, Thomas Werfel, Luis Felipe Ensina, Raisa Meshkova, Hans F. Merk, Markus Ollert, Kiran Godse, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Tabi A. Leslie, Amir Hamzah Abdul Latiff, Timothy J. Craig, Martin Metz, Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier, Hagen Ott, Sarbjit S. Saini, Roberta Buense Bedrikow, Constance H. Katelaris, Emek Kocatürk, Eckard Hamelmann, Riccardo Asero, Jürgen Grabbe, Knut Brockow, Diane Baker, Barbara Ballmer-Weber, Désirée Larenas-Linnemann, Allen P. Kaplan, Randolf Brehler, Werner Aberer, Alexander Kapp, Joachim W. Fluhr, Carsten Bindslev-Jensen, Martin K. Church, Marcus Maurer, Giorgio Walter Canonica, and Gino A. Vena

Subjects
Gynecology, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, 0302 clinical medicine, 030228 respiratory system, business.industry, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, business
Abstract

Diese evidenz- und konsensbasierte Leitlinie wurde entsprechend den Methoden der Cochrane und der Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE)-Arbeitsgruppen entwickelt. Die Leitlinien-Konferenz fand am 1. Dezember 2016 statt. Sie ist eine gemeinsame Initiative der European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), dem von der EU gegrundeten Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA2LEN), dem European Dermatology Forum (EDF) und der World Allergy Organization (WAO) mit 48 teilnehmenden Delegierten aus 42 nationalen und internationalen Gesellschaften. Die Leitlinie ist von der European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS) akzeptiert worden. Urtikaria ist eine haufige, mastzellabhangige Erkrankung, die mit Quaddeln, Angioodemen oder beidem einhergeht. Die Lebenszeitpravalenz der akuten Urtikaria liegt bei circa 20 %. Chronische spontane Urtikaria (CSU) und andere chronische Formen der Urtikaria sind belastend, beeintrachtigen die Lebensqualitat und haben einen negativen Einfluss auf die Leistungsfahigkeit in Beruf und Schule. Diese Leitlinie umfasst die Definition und Klassifikation der Urtikaria unter Berucksichtigung der jungsten Fortschritte in der Identifikation von Ursachen, Auslosefaktoren und Pathomechanismen. Daruber hinaus skizziert sie evidenzbasierte, diagnostische und therapeutische Ansatze fur die verschiedenen Subtypen der Urtikaria.

Published
2018

5. 'Warz’ ab' oder 'wart’s ab'?

Author

Jürgen Grabbe and Markus Streit

Subjects
030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, business.industry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Medicine, business
Published
2017

6. Atopy patch testing with aeroallergens in a large clinical population of dermatitis patients in Germany and Switzerland, 2000-2015: a retrospective multicentre study

Author

Bernhard Przybilla, Claudia Pföhler, Elke Weisshaar, L. Kuhlmann, C. Schröder‐Kraft, Jürgen Grabbe, Heinrich Dickel, J. Rieker‐Schwienbacher, Andreas J. Bircher, E. Trinder, Margitta Worm, Andreas Bauer, T. Fuchs, Vera Mahler, Kristine Breuer, Johannes Geier, Regina Treudler, and Dagmar Simon

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Dander, Provocation test, Population, 610 Medicine & health, Dermatology, medicine.disease_cause, Atopy, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Dogs, Germany, medicine, Animals, Humans, education, Retrospective Studies, House dust mite, education.field_of_study, biology, business.industry, Patch test, Aeroallergen, Atopic dermatitis, Allergens, Patch Tests, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, 030228 respiratory system, Cats, Female, France, business, Switzerland
Abstract

BACKGROUND The diagnostic significance of the atopy patch test for the management of dermatitis possibly triggered by aeroallergens is still controversial. However, sufficiently large studies with routinely tested standardized aeroallergen patch test preparations in dermatitis patients are lacking. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the reaction frequency and the reaction profiles of 10 until mid-2015 commercially available, standardized aeroallergen patch test preparations of the 'Stallerpatch' test series (Stallergenes, Antony Cedex, France) in a large multicentre patient cohort. METHODS A retrospective data analysis of patients with suspected aeroallergen-dependent eczematous skin lesions was performed, who were patch tested in 15 Information Network of Departments of Dermatology-associated clinics between 2000 and 2015. Patients were stratified according to their atopic dermatitis (AD) status. RESULTS The study group included 3676 patients (median age 41 years, 34.8% males, 54.5% AD). The most common aeroallergens causing positive patch test reactions were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (19.6%), Dermatophagoides farinae (16.9%), birch (6.2%), timothy grass (6.0%), cat dander (5.4%), mugwort (4.9%) and dog dander (4.6%). Reactions to other pollen allergen preparations, that is 5 grasses (3.2%), cocksfoot (2.1%) and plantain (1.6%), were less common. Positive patch test reactions to aeroallergens were consistently more frequent in patients with AD. These patients showed proportionally less dubious, follicular, irritant and weak positive reactions. Independent of AD status, a patient history of past or present allergic rhinitis was associated with an increased chance of a positive aeroallergen patch test reaction to pollen allergens. CONCLUSION The aeroallergen patch test is a useful add-on tool in clinical routine, especially in patients with AD and/or respiratory allergy. A patch test series comprising Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, birch, timothy grass, cat dander and mugwort seems to be suitable. Controlled studies with specific provocation and elimination procedures are required to further evaluate the diagnostic significance of the proposed screening series.

Published
2019

7. Ephedrine-induced maculopapular rash

Author

Lara Valeska Maul, Jürgen Grabbe, and Markus Streit

Subjects
Ephedrine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Dermatology, Generalized dermatitis, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Maculopapular rash, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, Vasoconstrictor Agents, 030212 general & internal medicine, Drug reaction, Drug Eruptions, medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug, Aged
Published
2018

8. Editor's Note

Author

Hans-Jürgen Grabbe

Subjects
U.S., United, States, America, culture, literature, history, journal, publishing, cultural diplomacy, cultural affairs, embassy, USIS, Wittenberg, DGfA, Leucorea, English teachers, Germany, Political science, Political institutions and public administration (General), JF20-2112, Social Sciences, Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform, HN1-995
Abstract

In September of 1960, English teachers in the state (Land) of Baden-Württemberg received a small publication consisting of some 20 mimeographed and stapled pages that contained news and articles about the United States of America. It was entitled American Newsletter and was distributed four times a year by the Cultural Affairs Unit of the United States Information Service (USIS) in Stuttgart.

Published
2007

9. Urtikariamanagement in der Grundversorgung

Author

Barbara Ballmer-Weber, David Spoerl, Andreas J. Bircher, Nikhil Yawalkar, Jürgen Grabbe, Giovanni Ferrari, Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier, Kathrin Scherer-Hofmeier, Julie di Lucca, Wolfram Hoetzenecker, Jorg Dieter Seebach, Dagmar Simon, Arthur Helbling, Lukas Jörg, Oliver Hausmann, and François Spertini

Subjects
610 Medicine & health
Published
2017

10. Gestion de l'urticaire en médecine générale

Author

Oliver Hausmann, Dagmar Simon, Julie di Lucca, Jorg Dieter Seebach, David Spoerl, Barbara Ballmer-Weber, Lukas Jörg, Jürgen Grabbe, Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier, Andreas J. Bircher, François Spertini, Wolfram Hoetzenecker, Nikhil Yawalkar, Arthur Helbling, Giovanni Ferrari, and Kathrin Scherer-Hofmeier

Published
2017

11. Cutaneous manifestations in patients with mastocytosis: Consensus report of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis; The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology; And the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology

Author

Alberto Orfao, Cem Akin, Sigurd Broesby-Olsen, Peter Valent, Olivier Hermine, Frank Siebenhaar, Magdalena Lange, Clive Grattan, Anja Rabenhorst, Almudena Matito, Jason Gotlib, Michel Arock, Joanna N G Oude Elberink, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Melody C. Carter, Deepti Radia, Selim Yavuz, Knut Brockow, Roberta Zanotti, Karl Sotlar, Thomas Kielsgaard Kristensen, Hans Hägglund, Lawrence B. Schwartz, Bogusław Nedoszytko, Massimo Triggiani, Karin Hartmann, Hans-Peter Horny, Jason L. Hornick, Iván Álvarez-Twose, Patrizia Bonadonna, Marek Niedoszytko, Luis Escribano, Marcus Maurer, Dean D. Metcalfe, Hanneke C. Kluin-Nelemans, Antonio Torrelo, Andreas Reiter, Joseph H. Butterfield, Gunnar Nilsson, Mariana Castells, Jürgen Grabbe, Tracy I. George, Austrian Science Fund, European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, German Research Foundation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (US), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), and Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Allergy, C-KIT MUTATIONS, Mastocytosis, Cutaneous/classification, Consensus, Mastocytosis, Cutaneous, Cutaneous mastocytosis, Diagnostic criteria, Solitary mastocytoma, ONSET MASTOCYTOSIS, DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA, Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis, Immunology, PEDIATRIC MASTOCYTOSIS, Mast cell, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Classification, cutaneous mastocytosis, diagnostic criteria, mast cell, mastocytosis, standardization, urticaria pigmentosa, Allergy and Immunology, Humans, Societies, Medical, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine (all), 0302 clinical medicine, Medical, MAST-CELL DISORDERS, medicine, TRYPTASE LEVELS, ADULT PATIENTS, Systemic mastocytosis, GERMLINE MUTATION, Asthma, Urticaria pigmentosa, Cutaneous Mastocytosis, business.industry, SYSTEMIC MASTOCYTOSIS, medicine.disease, Dermatology, Standardization, Telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans, Cutaneous, 030228 respiratory system, Societies, business, Mastocytosis
Abstract

Cutaneous lesions in patients with mastocytosis are highly heterogeneous and encompass localized and disseminated forms. Although a classification and criteria for cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) have been proposed, there remains a need to better define subforms of cutaneous manifestations in patients with mastocytosis. To address this unmet need, an international task force involving experts from different organizations (including the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis; the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology; and the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology) met several times between 2010 and 2014 to discuss the classification and criteria for diagnosis of cutaneous manifestations in patients with mastocytosis. This article provides the major outcomes of these meetings and a proposal for a revised definition and criteria. In particular, we recommend that the typical maculopapular cutaneous lesions (urticaria pigmentosa) should be subdivided into 2 variants, namely a monomorphic variant with small maculopapular lesions, which is typically seen in adult patients, and a polymorphic variant with larger lesions of variable size and shape, which is typically seen in pediatric patients. Clinical observations suggest that the monomorphic variant, if it develops in children, often persists into adulthood, whereas the polymorphic variant may resolve around puberty. This delineation might have important prognostic implications, and its implementation in diagnostic algorithms and future mastocytosis classifications is recommended. Refinements are also suggested for the diagnostic criteria of CM, removal of telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans from the current classification of CM, and removal of the adjunct solitary from the term solitary mastocytoma., Supported by research grants from the German Research Council (DFG; HA 2393/6-1; CRC/SFB832, project A14; to K.H.); from the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (to D.D.M.); and from the Austrian Science Funds (FWF; projects SFB F4611 and SFB F4707-B20; to P.V.). The Consensus Conference on Mastocytosis in Boston, Massachusetts (October 2012), was supported by the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunolog. A task force/consensus panel on mastocytosis between 2010 and 2012 was supported by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.

Published
2016

13. S3-Leitlinie Urtikaria. Teil 1: Klassifikation und Diagnostik der Urtikaria – deutschsprachige Version der internationalen S3-Leitlinie

Author

T. Jakob, Knut Brockow, Petra Staubach, I Voigtmann, Franziska Ruëff, Markus Ollert, Markus Maurer, Torsten Zuberbier, Werner Aberer, Eckard Hamelmann, Jürgen Grabbe, Hans F. Merk, Bettina Wedi, Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier, Karin Hartmann, and University of Zurich

Subjects
10177 Dermatology Clinic, Immunology and Allergy, 610 Medicine & health
Abstract

Urtikaria ist eine haufige Erkrankung. Die Lebenszeitpravalenz fur Urtikaria liegt bei nahezu 20%. Urtikaria verursacht nicht nur eine Einschrankung der Lebensqualitat, sondern beeinflusst auch die Leistungsfahigkeit bei der Arbeit und in der Schule und zahlt daher zur Gruppe der schweren allergischen Erkrankungen. Diese Leitlinie umfasst die Definition und Klassifikation der Urtikaria unter Einbeziehung der wesentlichen Fortschritte in der Erforschung der Ursachen, auslosenden Faktoren und Pathomechanismen dieser Erkrankung. Daruber hinaus befasst sie sich mit evidenzbasierten Strategien zur okonomischen Diagnostik der verschiedenen Unterformen der Urtikaria. Die optimale Therapie der Urtikaria ist von enormer Wichtigkeit fur die Patienten und sehr komplex. Sie wird daher in einer separaten Leitlinie behandelt. Diese deutschsprachige Leitlinie wurde auf der Basis der internationalen englischsprachigen, durch die UEMS (EuropeanUnion of Medical Specialists) anerkannten Leitlinie unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der medizinischen Gegebenheiten im deutschsprachigen Raum erstellt. Diese Leitlinie ist zusammen mit der Schwesterleitlinie zur Therapie der Urtikaria das Ergebnis eines Konsensus, der auf einer Podiumsdiskussion beim 3. Internationalen Konsensusmeeting zur Urtikaria, der „Urticaria 2008“, erzielt wurde. Die „Urticaria 2008“ war eine gemeinsame Initiative der Sektion Dermatologie der EAACI (European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology), des EU-geforderten Network of Excellence GA2LEN (Global Allergy and Asthma European Network), des EDF (European Dermatology Forum) und der WAO (World Allergy Organization). Zum ersten Mal wurde hier, bei ausreichender Beweislage, die Grading-of-Recommendations-Assessment-Development-and-Evaluation(GRADE)-Methode mit Modifikationen so weit moglich verwendet.

Published
2011

14. Icatibant, a New Bradykinin-Receptor Antagonist, in Hereditary Angioedema

Author

Robyn J. Levy, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Henriette Farkas, Janne Björkander, Murat Bas, Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier, David Resnick, Marco Cicardi, Charles H. Kirkpatrick, Marcus Maurer, Avner Reshef, Wolfhart Kreuz, Werner Aberer, Liying Dong, D. Hurewitz, William B Smith, Sonja Werner, Francesco Arcoleo, Shmuel Kivity, Conleth Feighery, William R. Lumry, William H. Yang, Jürgen Grabbe, Bruce Ritchie, Alejandro Malbrán, Konrad Bork, Gerald J. Gleich, Henning Bier, Thomas A. Luger, Marc A. Riedl, Duane Wombolt, Christiane Pichler, Hans F. Merk, Elias Toubi, Diego S. Fernández Romero, Martin Kaatz, Andrea Zanichelli, David Langton, Constance H. Katelaris, Christian Bull, Bernd Rosenkranz, Jens Greve, Ludovic Martin, Enrico Cillari, Thomas K. Hoffmann, Wing Tze Fan, Jens Zimmermann, Aleena Banerji, Kimberly Rosen, Paul K. Keith, Irina Kravec, Kraig W. Jacobson, Bernard Floccard, Laurence Bouillet, Krystyna Obtułowicz, Suresh Anné, Brigita Sitkauskiene, Jochen Knolle, F. Bracho, and Jacques Hébert

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Angioedema, business.industry, General Medicine, Placebo, medicine.disease, Surgery, law.invention, Ecallantide, chemistry.chemical_compound, Randomized controlled trial, chemistry, law, Icatibant, Anesthesia, Hereditary angioedema, medicine, medicine.symptom, Bradykinin receptor, business, Tranexamic acid, medicine.drug
Abstract

BACKGROUND Hereditary angioedema is characterized by recurrent attacks of angioedema of the skin, larynx, and gastrointestinal tract. Bradykinin is the key mediator of symptoms. Icatibant is a selective bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist. METHODS In two double-blind, randomized, multicenter trials, we evaluated the effect of icatibant in patients with hereditary angioedema presenting with cutaneous or abdominal attacks. In the For Angioedema Subcutaneous Treatment (FAST) 1 trial, patients received either icatibant or placebo; in FAST-2, patients received either icatibant or oral tranexamic acid, at a dose of 3 g daily for 2 days. Icatibant was given once, subcutaneously, at a dose of 30 mg. The primary end point was the median time to clinically significant relief of symptoms. RESULTS A total of 56 and 74 patients underwent randomization in the FAST-1 and FAST-2 trials, respectively. The primary end point was reached in 2.5 hours with icatibant versus 4.6 hours with placebo in the FAST-1 trial (P=0.14) and in 2.0 hours with icatibant versus 12.0 hours with tranexamic acid in the FAST-2 trial (P

Published
2010

15. Increased sensitivity of patch testing by standardized tape stripping beforehand: a multicentre diagnostic accuracy study

Author

Irena Angelova-Fischer, Burkhard Kreft, Peter Elsner, Joachim W. Fluhr, Jürgen Grabbe, Heinrich Dickel, Jochen Brasch, Johannes Geier, Oliver Kuss, Peter Altmeyer, Stephanie Soost, Wolfgang Pfützner, and Margitta Worm

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Diagnostic accuracy, Dermatology, Sensitivity and Specificity, Patch testing, Young Adult, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Primary outcome, Nickel, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, In patient, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Surgical Tape, Allergic contact dermatitis, Potassium dichromate, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Lanolin, business.industry, Patch test, Allergens, Middle Aged, Patch Tests, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Surgery, chemistry, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact, Irritants, Female, Potassium Dichromate, business, Nuclear medicine, Contact dermatitis
Abstract

Background: As a modification of patch testing, the strip patch test was established to obtain more sensitive and reliable test results. Comparative data on diagnostic accuracy for both tests are missing. Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of strip patch tests and patch tests in detecting sensitizations in patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis by using patient history as the reference standard. Patients/methods: In a multicentre, prospective, investigator-blinded study 790 patients were enrolled. The defined reference standard was established prior to patch testing. Patch tests were performed with nickel sulfate, potassium dichromate, and lanolin alcohol. Duplicate tests were simultaneously performed on both sides of the back, of which one randomly chosen side was tape stripped beforehand, according to a standardized procedure. Primary outcome was the difference in sensitivity between strip patch test and patch test. Results: Seven hundred and eighty-seven patients were included in the analysis. Strip patch tests detected considerably more sensitization to nickel sulfate and potassium dichromate than patch tests: differences of sensitivities were 16.4% (95% CI, 8.7–24.1%) for nickel sulfate and 25.0% (95% CI, 8.9–41.0%) for potassium dichromate, both favouring the strip patch test. Conclusions: The standardized strip patch test proved to be accurate and clinically safe and is promising to improve diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis beyond the patch test.

Published
2010

16. Mastozytose

Author

Franziska Ruëff, Tilo Biedermann, Jürgen Grabbe, Undine Lippert, Knut Brockow, Hans-Peter Horny, Kompetenznetzwerk Mastozytose e.V., Marcus Maurer, Karl Sotlar, Karin Hartmann, Martin Raithel, and Ernst Rietschel

Subjects
Immunology and Allergy
Published
2009

17. Nerve growth factor influences IgE-mediated human basophil activation: functional properties and intracellular mechanisms compared with IL-3

Author

Jürgen Grabbe, Bernhard F. Gibbs, and Detlef Zillikens

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Immunology, Stimulation, In Vitro Techniques, Biology, Basophil, Histamine Release, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, Nerve Growth Factor, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Secretion, Pharmacology, Cell Differentiation, Immunoglobulin E, Basophils, Enzyme Activation, Basophil activation, Endocrinology, Cytokine, Nerve growth factor, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Interleukin-3, Intracellular, Histamine, Signal Transduction
Abstract

NGF and IL-3 play a unique role in supporting human basophil differentiation and mediator secretion. Their importance in allergic disease is underlined further by studies showing elevated levels of these factors in asthmatics. Here, we compared the abilities of IL-3 and NGF to stimulate basophil histamine, IL-4 or IL-13 release, either directly or in conjunction with IgE-dependent stimulation and assessed the intracellular signals responsible. Our results show that the ability of IL-3 and NGF to enhance IgE-dependent histamine release are similar. Both factors also potentiated IgE-dependent IL-13 secretion to a greater degree than the release of histamine or IL-4. At high concentrations (100 ng/ml), IL-3 and NGF alone were capable of releasing cytokines but little histamine. These abilities of IL-3 and NGF to modulate basophil activation were sensitive to blockade by specific inhibitors of PI 3-kinase, p38 MAPK and PLC, but not PKC, suggesting that their effects are mediated considerably by pathways comparable to IgE-dependent signalling.

Published
2005

18. 17. Mainzer Allergie-Workshop

Author

Thomas Werfel, A. Cistero-Bahima, Alexander Gerbaulet, Sabine Ohlemacher, Bernadette Eberlein-König, Detlef Zillikens, Sonja Bailey, Mette Ribel, S. Soost, A. Güttsches, Hansjörg Schild, K. Heeg, Wolf-Georg Forssmann, Gabriele Weimer, C. Freising, R. Ludwig, Helmut Jonuleit, Stefanie Sommer, Yasemin Darcan, Robert Sabat, Jürgen Knop, Armin Braun, Ulf Forssmann, Tilo Biedermann, K. Ghoreschi, M. O’Keeffe, Shelley J Allen, Thilo Jakob, Stephan Sudowe, S. Ewig, Christian Kutzleb, Delphine C. Malherbe, G. Roider, Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann, Dave Dawbarn, Mar San-Miguel Moncin, Christoph Hüls, G. Burow, A.-K. Illner, M. Wittmann, Edgar Serfling, C. Bilitewski, Henning Weigt, M. Huhn, J. Kressel, D. Ernst, Kenny Pollock, Jürgen Grabbe, Stefanie Foerster, S. Glaser, T. Brüning, Franziska Ruëff, Â. Gaspar, Claudia Borelli, Carolyn Bauer, G. Pires, Eva Huter, M. Neumaier, Norbert Krug, Hanspeter Mart, Joachim Saloga, Valeska Heib, Eva Zahradnik, Jörg Kleine-Tebbe, Uta Jappe, S. Mkhlof, A. Conti, Lilla Landeck, Comelia Blume, S. Barth, S. Bade, Veit J. Erpenbeck, V. van Kampen, Eva Zindler, D. Wicklein, Arnd Petersen, Alexander Enk, Ulrike Seitzer, Tibor Veres, P. Rozynek, Stephan Baldus, Stefanie Förster, I. Dorn, Tobias Bopp, M. Meurer, Jan Kubach, U. Herz, Dagmar Simon, Helmut Renz, Franz-Josef Schneider, S. Werner, F. Haamann, M. Stöcker, Thomas Herzinger, M. Vetter, Torsten Zuberbier, Angelika B. Reske-Kunz, Günther Lametschwandtner, Guido Heine, M. Klotz, U. Zähringer, B. Backhaus, B. Summer, A. Boldt, W. Weber, Samuel B. Lehrer, Alex Straumann, Pius Heer, Stefan Vieths, Frank Siebenhaar, Peter Thomas, Tilmann Oppel, Eva Scharrer, Bernhard Przybilla, Torsten Schäfer, Shipra Gupta, Esra Tas, Lasse R. Braathen, K. Simon, Sebastian Straube, Karin Hartmann, T. Klockenbring, Andreas Wollenberg, Hae-Hyuk Lee, C. Hartz, G. Rohde, M. Schmelz, Milena Milovanovic, Margitta Worm, H. Hochrein, Jo Rae Wright, Ingrid Sander, W. A. Nockher, Christoph Schwärzler, K. Reinitz-Rademacher, Christina Nassenstein, Monika Raulf-Heimsoth, Albrecht Bufe, M. Schindewolf, S. Sel, C. Rundfeldt, Edgar Schmitt, Ingo Böttcher, Olga Weikum, Christoph Richter, Jan Gutermuth, P. Ahmad-Nejad, Iris Bellinghausen, Christian Müller, Tanja Stünkel, I. Weichenmeier, Katharina Albert, F. Alessandrini, S. Maier, Matthias Klein, Christina Hartmann, P. Rieber, P C Konturek, Rolf Merget, F. Eberhardt, Claudia Günther, Petra Weingarten, C. Hahn, K. Breuer, Evelyn Montermann, U.-C. Hipler, S. Schmelz, Wolf-Meinhard Becker, Julia Viebranz, B. Belloni, A. Nabe, Martin Raithel, R. Kaufmann, Jeroen Buters, S. Abraham, Hans-Peter Rihs, Claudia M. Trujillo-Vargas, Christian Becker, Rahul Purwar, D. Hartwig, Jens M. Hohlfeld, Jürgen Galle, Jörn Elsner, S. Klaus, Stephan Scheurer, S. Lubitz, Oliver Drews, Eckhart G. Hahn, Klaus J. Erb, E. P. Rieber, Wolfgang Schober, C. Betzel, S. Mrabet-Dahbi, Bernhard F. Gibbs, S. Wildner, W. H. Boehncke, A. Ebling, B. Schuhmann, Ralf Bälder, Bettina König, Stefanie Randow, Sandra Schulz-Maronde, Ulf Darsow, Martin Blüggel, M. M. San Miguel-Moncin, Martina Thiel, S. Kespohl, Andreas J. Bircher, Ursula Krämer, Petra Lutter, E. Lindhoff-Last, M. Wegmann, Michael Stassen, Heidrun Behrendt, Aleksandra Heitland, Hans-Uwe Simon, Franziska Ruäff, A. Kasche, K. Gehlhar, Liane M. Preussner, Kilian Eyerich, Jabbar Ahmed, Johannes Huss-Marp, Katja Langer, Stefan Klein-Heßling, Peter Elsner, Alexander Kapp, M. Hoffmann, Michael Weidenhiller, Markus Magerl, Steffen Schmitt, B. Schlatter, Knut Schäkel, Dietmar A. Herold, Barbara Fuchs, C. Fleischer, Marcus Maurer, S.E. Escher, Gerald Reese, Andrea Bauer, S. Löseke, E.-M. Fiedler, Antal Rot, H.-H. Gorris, Angelika Görg, José M. Carballido, Alois Palmetshofer, Knut Brockow, M. Braun-Falco, Iris Lauer, Johannes Ring, Karl Sotlar, Tina Ristau, K. Hirsch, S. Riecken, R. Draheim, A. Pirayesh, M. Heitmann, and Kirsten Tangemann

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Otorhinolaryngology, business.industry, Family medicine, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, business
Published
2005

19. Differential Role for Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases in IgE-Dependent Signaling in Human Peripheral Blood Basophils: In Contrast to p38 MAPK, c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Is Poorly Expressed and Does Not Appear to Control Mediator Release

Author

Bernhard F. Gibbs, Helmut H. Wolff, Jürgen Grabbe, and Detlef Zillikens

Subjects
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, Immunology, Basophil, Immunoglobulin E, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Phosphorylation, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3, biology, Kinase, c-jun, JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, General Medicine, Basophils, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Mitogen-activated protein kinase, biology.protein, Signal transduction, Histamine, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Background: Exposure of human basophils to allergens results in a rapid secretion of histamine, LTC4, IL-4 and IL-13, which dominate both the symptomology of allergic diseases and support the underlying Th2/IgE predominance associated with these reactions. The IgE-dependent release of these mediators in basophils crucially involves PI 3-kinase and the subsequent activation of p38 MAPK and ERK1&2. Here, we investigated the role of the third major member of the mitogen activated kinase family, namely the c-Jun amino terminal kinase (JNK), which is rapidly activated following IgE receptor cross-linking in murine mast cells. Methods: Human basophils were highly purified by magnetic cell sorting. The activities of various intracellular signaling components, in basophils that had been stimulated under various conditions, were assessed by Western blotting. Mediator secretions were also determined using either spectrofluorometric analysis (histamine) or ELISA (LTC4, IL-4 and IL-13). Results: Our results show that while JNK is moderately expressed in human basophils, it is not consistently phosphorylated upon anti-IgE stimulation. Phosphorylation of the transcription factor c-Jun, a downstream target of JNK, was also undetected in contrast to p38 MAPK and ERK1&2, which were clearly activated following anti-IgE stimulation of the cells. Additionally, inhibitors of the JNK pathway failed to prevent basophil mediator release and had no effect on the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK or ERK1&2 at concentrations which were specific for JNK blockade. Conclusions: These data suggest major differences in utilizing various members of the mitogen-activated kinase family in the signal transduction cascade of IgE-receptor-bearing cells.

Published
2005

20. The European competence network on mastocytosis (ECNM)

Author

Luis Escribano, Torsten Zuberbier, Hans-Jörg Bühring, Knut Brockow, Reza Parwaresch, Michel Arock, Margarida Lima, Jürgen Grabbe, Beate M. Henz, Peter Valent, Gianni Marone, Hans-Peter Horny, Klaus Wolff, Alberto Orfao, Hanneke C. Kluin-Nelemans, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Karl Sotlar, Karin Hartmann, Massimo Triggiani, Stephan C. Bischoff, Jaap J van Doormaal, Christian Sillaber, Manuela Födinger, Laboratoire de Biologie et de Pharmacologie Appliquée (LBPA), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Physics, Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), International Center for Condensed Matter Physics Brasilia, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Bioprofiles Ltd, Faculteit Medische Wetenschappen/UMCG, Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment - 1, Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma, Valent, P, Arock, M, Bischoff, Sc, Bühring, Hj, Brockow, K, Escribano, L, Födinger, M, Grabbe, J, Hartmann, K, Henz, Bm, Horny, Hp, Kluin Nelemans, Hc, Lima, M, Marone, Gianni, Orfao, A, Parwaresch, Rm, Sillaber, C, Sotlar, K, Sperr, Wr, Triggiani, M, Van Doormaal, Jj, Wolff, K, and Zuberbier, T.

Subjects
Malignant Mastocytosis, Standardization, Consensus Development Conferences as Topic, International Cooperation, mast cells, Disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Multicenter Studies as Topic, MAST-CELL LEUKEMIA, Systemic mastocytosis, Referral and Consultation, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, mastocytosis, MESH: Mast Cells, General Medicine, SYSTEMIC MASTOCYTOSIS, Reference Standards, competence network, 3. Good health, Europe, MESH: Research, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, MESH: Reference Standards, MESH: Clinical Competence, Clinical Competence, c-kit mutations, medicine.medical_specialty, MALIGNANT MASTOCYTOSIS, MESH: Information Services, DIAGNOSIS, CLASSIFICATION, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Referral and Consultation, medicine, Humans, Medical physics, Competence (human resources), Information Services, standardization, MESH: Humans, criteria, business.industry, MESH: Consensus Development Conferences as Topic, Network on, Single component, Research, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, MESH: International Cooperation, MESH: Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, 030228 respiratory system, Immunology, MESH: Mastocytosis, MESH: Multicenter Studies as Topic, MESH: Europe, business
Abstract

The European Competence Network on Mastocytosis (ECNM) is a Europe-wide, multinational cooperative approach attempting to improve recognition, diagnosis, and therapy of mastocytosis. The network is composed of local centers, physicians, and scientists who have dedicated their work to patients with mastocytosis. However, because of the rarity and complexity of the disease, each single component in the network alone would fail to meet important demands and to reach solid conclusions in this field of applied medicine. The ECNM represents an attempt to overcome this restriction as a cooperative multicenter platform that should serve as an important basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies and diagnostic concepts, and for the standardization of techniques used to determine diagnostic and prognostic parameters. Moreover, using future central databases and registries, a suitable infrastructure for the development of co-operative multicenter clinical trials will be established. In addition, the ECNM is dedicated to provide the best available information about the disease to patients and physicians.

Published
2004

23. Urtikaria : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie

Author

Beate M. Henz, T. Zuberbier, Jürgen Grabbe, Beate M. Henz, T. Zuberbier, and Jürgen Grabbe

Subjects
Allergy, Immunology, Pediatrics, Dermatology
Abstract

In dieser Neuauflage erhält der Leser einen praxisorientierten, umfassenden Überblick zu klinischen Aspekten, Ursachen, Diagnostik und Therapie der verschiedenen Formen der Urtikaria. Die einzelnen Kapitel behandeln die akute und chronische Urtikaria, Angioödeme, physikalische Urtikaria, Kontakturtikaria, Intoleranzreaktionen, das Urtikaria-Vaskulitis Syndrom und die Mastozytose. Die Angaben sind aktuell und basieren auf neuesten Erfahrungen aus der Praxis und der Literatur. Dieses Buch ist konzipiert für praktisch tätige Ärzte aus den Bereichen Dermatologie, Allergologie, innerer Medizin und Kinderheilkunde.

Published
2013

24. Diagnostik und Therapie der Urtikaria

Author

Bettina Wedi, Wenning J, Deutsche Dermatologische Gesellschaft, Franziska Ruëff, Torsten Zuberbier, Werner Aberer, Karin Hartmann, Markus Ollert, Hans F. Merk, and Jürgen Grabbe

Subjects
business.industry, Medicine, Dermatology, business
Published
2003

25. Calcineurin antagonists differentially affect mediator secretion, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinases from immunologically activated human basophils

Author

Jürgen Grabbe, Katharina E. S. Plath, and Bernhard F. Gibbs

Subjects
MAPK/ERK pathway, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, Biology, Pharmacology, Basophil, Basophil degranulation, Calcineurin, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, chemistry, Cyclosporin a, Internal medicine, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Ascomycin, Interleukin 4, Histamine, medicine.drug
Abstract

Summary Background Basophils participate in allergic diseases by invading affected tissues and secreting histamine, leukotriene (LT)C4, IL-4 and IL-13 following FceRI cross-linking. A reduction of basophil mediator production is therefore of considerable therapeutical interest. Macrolactam derivatives, which inhibit calcineurin activation, may be candidates for antiallergic therapy as they reduce both symptoms of inflammatory skin disease in animal models and mast cell degranulation. Objective To investigate the effects of the calcineurin antagonists ascomycin and cyclosporin A on IgE-dependent mediator release from human basophils. Methods Basophils were purified by Ficoll density centrifugation, elutriation and negative selection. Histamine release was measured spectrofluorometrically; LTC4, IL-4 and IL-13 secretions were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Lysed cells were subjected to Western blotting using specific antibodies to phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1 and -2. Results Ascomycin (0.01 nm to 1 µm) and cyclosporin A (0.1 nm to 10 µm) strikingly inhibited (maximally 100%) anti-IgE-induced histamine and cytokine release from basophils, and these actions were unaffected by IL-3 priming. Ascomycin, however, was less potent at blocking LTC4 secretion, whereas cyclosporin A was unable to block production of this mediator. In immunoblotting studies, ascomycin and cyclosporin A reduced IgE-dependent p38 MAPK activation but were less potent at reducing ERK phosphorylation in basophils. Conclusion Calcineurin antagonists like ascomycin and cyclosporin A block IgE-dependent basophil degranulation and cytokine synthesis. Calcineurin may target p38 MAPK activation, but seems to have less activity on ERK phosphorylation. This is paralleled by a reduced or even absent effect of calcineurin antagonists on eicosanoid production.

Published
2003

26. Regulation of mediator secretion in human basophils by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase: phosphorylation is sensitive to the effects of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors and calcium mobilization

Author

Katharina E. S. Plath, Bernhard F. Gibbs, Jürgen Grabbe, and Helmut H. Wolff

Subjects
MAPK/ERK pathway, medicine.medical_specialty, Kinase, SB 203580, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, Immunology, MAP Kinase Kinase 3, Cell Biology, Basophil, Biology, Cell biology, Wortmannin, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, chemistry, Internal medicine, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Protein kinase A
Abstract

Although human basophils modulate allergic diseases by secreting histamine, leukotriene C4, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-13, the intermediary signals controlling the release of these mediators are poorly understood. Here, we show that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) crucially affects basophil activation following stimulation with various secretagogues. Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK occurred within 5 min following anti-immunoglobulin (Ig)E stimulation, but was more rapidly activated in basophils stimulated with formyl-Met-Leu-Phe or A23187. Additionally, activation of p38 MAPK to the above stimuli was dependent on extracellular influx and intracellular mobilization of calcium. SB 203580, a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor, blocked anti-IgE-induced secretion of all basophil mediators and reduced not only p38 MAPK, but also extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 activity, whereas the MAPK antagonist, PD 098059, did not affect p38 MAPK. IgE-dependent activation of p38 MAPK and MKK3/6 was affected by LY 294002 and wortmannin, suggesting that these kinases are targets for phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI 3-K). We conclude that p38 MAPK is a pivotal regulator of basophil function downstream of PI 3-K activation and calcium mobilization.

Published
2002

27. Patch tests with thiurams at 0.25% pet. and 1% pet. are of equal diagnostic value

Author

Claudia Pirker, Olaf Gefeller, Gisela Gaber, U. T. A. Jappe, Martin Kaatz, Petra Gottlöber, Jürgen Grabbe, Monika Agathos, Johannes Geier, Martin Hartmann, Dieter Lübbe, Axel Schnuch, Andrea Bauer, Peter J. Frosch, and J. Brasch

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Patch test, Dermatology, Skin test, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, Patch testing, Surgery, Thiuram mix, Statistical significance, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Standard test, Irritation, business, Nuclear medicine, Contact dermatitis
Abstract

Thiuram mix is tested in the standard series at a test concentration of 1% pet. The single thiurams (DPTD, TMTD, TMTM, TETD), however, are usually tested at 0.25% pet. in Germany. In other countries, the individual components of thiuram mix are tested at 1% pet. The German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG) compared both patch test concentrations in 530 patients in order to find out if (i) a significant number of positive patch tests are missed by testing at the lower concentration, (ii) problems with irritant test reactions occur by increasing the test concentration to 1%, and (iii) the sensitivity of the thiuram mix rises when the breakdown test is done with the higher concentration. Slightly more positive reactions were seen with the higher concentration, but this increase did not reach statistical significance. The reaction index, as a measure for the relation of positive to irritant and/or questionable reactions, remained unchanged for the individual thiurams. The sensitivity of the mix also did not change when the breakdown test was performed with 1% pet. instead of 0.25% pet. Thus, we conclude that both concentrations are of equal diagnostic value in patch testing.

Published
2002

28. Human skin mast cells rapidly release preformed and newly generated TNF-α and IL-8 following stimulation with anti-IgE and other secretagogues

Author

Jürgen Grabbe, Beate M. Henz, Pia Welker, J. Wierecky, Helmut H. Wolff, and Bernhard F. Gibbs

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, biology, Human skin, Stimulation, Inflammation, Dermatology, Immunoglobulin E, Mast cell, Biochemistry, Proinflammatory cytokine, Interleukin 33, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Internal medicine, medicine, biology.protein, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, medicine.symptom, Molecular Biology
Abstract

Several groups have previously reported that rodent or human leukemic mast cells produce inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-8 as well as the pro-allergic cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13. Comparatively little is known, however, regarding the ability of normal human skin mast cells to secrete these factors following either IgE-dependent or IgE-independent modes of activation. We therefore investigated whether normal human skin mast cells produce these cytokines following stimulation by a variety of secretagogues. Enriched isolated skin mast cells released both TNF-alpha and IL-8 following activation with either anti-IgE, SCF, substance P, compound 48/80 or A23187. This release was dose- and time-dependent, with maximal levels being reached within 4 h of stimulation involving, in part, the secretion of preformed stores of both cytokines. In accordance with this, using lysates of highly purified (>90%) skin mast cells, we could demonstrate that both TNF-alpha and IL-8 mRNA and protein were present in both unstimulated as well as stimulated mast cells. In stark contrast to these results, no significant levels of either IL-4, IL-5 or IL-13 were detected, regardless of the secretagogue used or the period of stimulation. These results show that human skin mast cells are capable of rapidly secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-alpha and IL-8 following IgE-dependent activation and stimulation by the neuropeptide substance P, SCF and the basic polypeptide analogue compound 48/80. In contrast to other types of human mast cells however, human skin mast cells were incapable of secreting IL-4, IL-5 or IL-13 in these settings.

Published
2001

29. Mercuric Chloride Enhances Immunoglobulin E-Dependent Mediator Release from Human Basophils

Author

Bernhard F. Gibbs, Katharina E. S. Plath, Helmut H. Wolff, Jürgen Grabbe, Jan Rohwer, and N. Strenzke

Subjects
Cell Survival, medicine.medical_treatment, Pharmacology, Basophil, Toxicology, Immunoglobulin E, Histamine Release, Proinflammatory cytokine, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, Humans, Secretion, Cells, Cultured, Interleukin 4, Interleukin-13, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, biology, Leukotriene C4, Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic, Basophils, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cytokine, chemistry, Mercuric Chloride, Immunology, Interleukin 13, biology.protein, Interleukin-4, Histamine
Abstract

Mercuric chloride (HgCl2) is an industrial agent known to cause autoimmune disorders and induce IgE synthesis, which plays a crucial role in the manifestation of allergic diseases. In rodents, the immunomodulatory effects of HgCl2 have been shown to involve the enhancement of mast cell-derived IL-4 secretion, which facilitates both Th2-lymphocyte development and IgE production. In humans, rapid allergen-dependent release of IL-4 and the related cytokine IL-13 from histamine-containing cells occurs primarily in basophils, along with other proinflammatory mediators such as histamine and LTC4. In this study, we therefore investigated the effects of HgCl2 on the release of the above basophil mediators, either due to the compound alone or in conjunction with IgE-dependent stimulation. HgCl2 (10(-9) to 10(-6) M) did not induce mediator secretion alone but significantly enhanced the release of histamine, LTC4, IL-4, and IL-13 caused by anti-IgE. Higher concentrations of HgCl2 (10(-5) to 10(-3) M) strikingly reduced cell viability; however, toxicity varied depending on cell density and incubation time. Removal of HgCl2 following a short incubation with basophils did not reverse the potentiating effects on basophil mediator secretion to anti-IgE and the concentration of free mercury in the supernatants significantly diminished by up to 20% after incubation with the cells, indicating irreversible Hg binding to cells. By upregulating IgE-dependent human basophil mediator release, our results clearly indicate that HgCl2 potentially exacerbates allergic disorders and promotes a Th2-cytokine profile.

Published
2001

30. Poster (P 01–P 20)

Author

J. Christian Virchow, Franziska Ruëff, Sieglinde Bock, M. Möhrenschlager, J. Heinrich, B. G. Lees, Sebastian Fähndrich, H.-E. Wichmann, M. Lommatzsch, D. W. G. Richardson, B. Jeßberger, E. Mingomataj, R. Klose, Bernhard F. Gibbs, Frauke Schocker, A. Priftanji, Christine Neumann, U. Amon, M. Idzko, Johann Christian Virchow, Helmut H. Wolff, E. Qirko, Wolf-M. Becker, D. Kern, M. Hopkins, S. Dichmann, L. Pani, Gerold Kick, Undine Lippert, Thomas Fuchs, K. Grobe, P. Schöpf, Werner Luttmann, Bernadette Eberlein-König, J. Rakoski, D. Ohri, M. Pöppelmann, S. Michel, C. Nassenstein, V. Dhimitri, B. Ziob, W.-M. Becker, Bernhard Przybilla, F. Di Virgilio, G. Metz, W. P. Bieger, D. Wessner, K. Kühler, J. Ring, M. Schlaak, W. Luttmann, Jürgen Grabbe, H. Heise, D. Fenrari, J. C. Virchow, V. Hickl, Katharina E. S. Plath, V. v. Baehr, I. Frank, S. Mayer, Fransziska Rueff, A. Braun, J. Norgauer, B. Fahlbusch, D. Haase, M. Arnold, U. Memmel, H. Renz, A. W. Wheeler, F. Ruäff, K. Wenzel, A. Petersen, K. Richter, and N. Strenzke

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Otorhinolaryngology, business.industry, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, business, Dermatology
Published
2000

31. Altered Expression of Mast Cell Chymase and Tryptase and of c-Kit in Human Cutaneous Scar Tissue

Author

Beate M. Henz, Bernd Algermissen, Jürgen Grabbe, Barbara Hermes, Pia Welker, Ingrid Feldmann-Böddeker, and Muscha U. Steckelings

Subjects
Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, tryptase, Scars, Receptors, Cell Surface, mast cells, wound healing, Tryptase, Stem cell factor, Dermatology, Biology, Skin Diseases, Biochemistry, Cicatrix, Chymases, Dermis, c-Kit, medicine, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Molecular Biology, chymase, Skin, Serine Endopeptidases, Chymase, Cell Biology, Middle Aged, Mast cell, Immunohistochemistry, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit, medicine.anatomical_structure, biology.protein, Female, Tryptases, Epidermis, medicine.symptom, Wound healing
Abstract

In order to explore a possible involvement of mast cells during human wound healing, we studied sections from scars (4-369-d-old) (N = 20) and normal skin (N = 10) for mast-cell-specific tryptase and chymase by enzyme histochemistry, for the stem cell factor receptor c-Kit and the melanosomal marker TA99 by immunohistochemistry, and for simultaneous c-Kit expression and avidin fluorescence by double staining. Enzyme activities and mRNA expression were also studied in tissue extracts. Chymase-reactive mast cell numbers as well as chymase activity and mRNA expression were reduced in all scars, whereas overall numbers of tryptase-reactive cells did not differ from normal skin, although tryptase activity and mRNA expression were increased in scar extracts. In contrast, numbers of c-Kit positive cells were significantly increased in old scars, and in the mid and lower dermis of all scars. A marked reduction of c-Kit reactivity was noted, however, in avidin-positive dermal mast cells and in epidermal basal cells, despite unchanged numbers of melanosome-positive cells, with an associated overall decrease of c-Kit mRNA in scar extracts. These data thus show that numbers of resident mast cells are very low in human cutaneous scars, suggesting massive mediator release from these cells into fresh wounds. Downregulation of stem cell factor receptors may also prevent these cells from increasing in number even in old scars. Instead, scar tissue is populated by a mast cell subpopulation that is chymase-, avidin-, tryptase +, c-Kit +, reflecting most probably an increased immigration and/or proliferation of immature mast cells and their precursors.

Published
2000

32. Human Mast Cells Produce and Differentially Express Both Soluble and Membrane-Bound Stem Cell Factor

Author

Torsten Zuberbier, Pia Welker, Bernhard F. Gibbs, Beate M. Henz, and Jürgen Grabbe

Subjects
Cell type, Immunology, Immunocytochemistry, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Stem cell factor, Biology, Cell Line, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Humans, Protein Isoforms, Mast Cells, Autocrine signalling, Interleukin 5, Cells, Cultured, Skin, Stem Cell Factor, Staining and Labeling, Cell Membrane, Degranulation, General Medicine, Fibroblasts, Cell biology, Interleukin 33, Gene Expression Regulation, Solubility, Cord blood, embryonic structures
Abstract

Stem cell factor (SCF), characterized as mast cell growth factor, is known to be produced by fibroblasts, keratinocytes and endothelial cells. Two different splice variants encode for either a soluble (SCF-1) or a membrane-bound (SCF-2) form. In order to explore whether mast cells themselves can produce SCF, we examined cultured cord blood (CBMC) and peripheral-blood-derived mast cells (PBMC), mast/basophil cell lines (HMC-1 and KU-812), and skin mast cells for SCF expression. On immunocytochemistry, cytoplasmatic SCF-reactivity was observed in HMC-1 cells, with additional cell membrane staining in KU-812, skin and cultured mast cells. Low amounts of SCF could be detected by ELISA in lysates of isolated and unstimulated mast cells and in supernatants of skin cells stimulated with anti-IgE or Ca-ionophore A23187. SCF mRNA was detected in all cells, although marked quantitative differences were observed among the various cell types. SCF-2 mRNA expression was low in HMC-1 cells while it was marked in skin mast cells, KU-812 cells, CBMC and PBMC. A time-dependent, increasing induction of both SCF forms was seen in CBMC and PBMC during culture. After stimulation with A23187 and phorbol myristate acetate, an up-regulation of SCF mRNA was noted in HMC-1 and KU-812 cells, without changes in the relationship of the two splice variants. The differential expression of SCF-specific mRNA splice variants in immature and mature human mast cells and the secretion of this molecule by these cells may play a role in autocrine stimulation, maintenance of survival and the differentiation of tissue mast cells.

Published
1999

33. Urticaria : Clinical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects

Author

Beate M. Henz, Torsten Zuberbier, Jürgen Grabbe, Eugene Monroe, Beate M. Henz, Torsten Zuberbier, Jürgen Grabbe, and Eugene Monroe

Subjects
Dermatology, Allergy, Pediatrics, Internal medicine
Abstract

Urticaria is one of the most common dermatological and allergological cutaneous reactions and, compared to other diseases, it is easily recognized by patients and physicians alike. Nevertheless, the disease is highly complex regarding its eliciting causes, its clinical manifestations and its therapy. Thus, a famous New York dermatologist once mentioned that he would rather have a lion than a patient with chronic urticaria walk into his office. This may seem surprising since, to the uninitiated, different types of urticaria look alike, and the pathomechanisms are rather well understood, with mast cells being almost invariably the main effector cells. In 1986, a monograph of the first editor (Prof. Czarnetzki, now with the married name Henz) appeared, giving a detailed and thorough review of the then current state of knowledge regarding all aspects of the disease. Since then, two updates of this book have appeared in the German language, with coworkers of the clinic of Prof. Henz helping in the revision of the various chapters of the old monograph, and with particular emphasis on practical aspects of the disease. The present book is mainly a translation of the second German edition, with only minor updates and with more citations from the literature since the 1986 monograph is no longer available for purchase.

Published
2012

34. Identification of Activating c-kit Mutations in Adult-, but not in Childhood-Onset Indolent Mastocytosis: A Possible Explanation for Divergent Clinical Behavior

Author

Claudia Büttner, Beate M. Henz, Norbert Sepp, Pia Welker, and Jürgen Grabbe

Subjects
Adult, Male, Malignant Mastocytosis, Biopsy, Cell Count, Stem cell factor, Dermatology, medicine.disease_cause, Proto-Oncogene Mas, Biochemistry, Receptor tyrosine kinase, Pathogenesis, Tumor Cells, Cultured, medicine, Humans, Mast Cells, Tolonium Chloride, Age of Onset, Cloning, Molecular, Child, Coloring Agents, Molecular Biology, Skin, Mutation, biology, Infant, Cell Biology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Mast cell leukemia, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit, Genes, Child, Preschool, Immunology, biology.protein, Urticaria pigmentosa, Female, Age of onset, Mastocytosis
Abstract

Mastocytosis represents a mast cell proliferative disease that generally runs a benign clinical course, with spontaneous remissions mostly by puberty in childhood-onset disease, although rare forms, particularly in adult-onset disease, can be associated with (pre)malignant hematologic disorders and very rarely present as mast cell leukemia or malignant mastocytosis. Reasons for this divergent clinical behavior of childhood- versus adult-onset disease are unknown. Recently, two activating mutations in the intracellular domain of the proto-oncogene c-kit, which encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor for the mast cell growth factor stem cell factor, have been detected in the human leukemic mast cell line HMC-1. We have therefore studied lesional skin biopsies from patients with adult- and childhood-onset indolent mastocytosis for the presence of these codon 560 and 816 mutations. C-kit coding DNA sequences were amplified and analyzed by mutation-specific restriction analyses, and mutated polymerase chain reaction products were additionally cloned and sequenced. The codon 816 mutation was found in all six samples from adult patients, but not in any of the 11 specimens from children. In addition, the codon 560 mutation could be demonstrated for the first time in indolent mastocytosis, namely in two of four specimens from adult patients, but not in those from two children. These data thus provide a possible explanation for the divergent clinical behavior of adult- versus childhood-onset indolent mastocytosis, with the first being associated with an activating mutation, possibly as part of a neoplastic process, and the latter representing most likely a reactive process of an as yet unknown pathogenesis.

Published
1998

35. Induction of Human Leukaemic Mast Cell Differentiation by Fibroblast Supernatants, but not by Stem Cell Factor

Author

Torsten Zuberbier, Wolf Nürnberg, Andreas Grützkau, Beate M. Henz, Pia Welker, Dippel E, and Jürgen Grabbe

Subjects
Mast cell differentiation, Immunology, Tryptase, Stem cell factor, Chemical Fractionation, Cell Line, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Tumor Cells, Cultured, medicine, Animals, Humans, Mast Cells, RNA, Messenger, Fibroblast, Stem Cell Factor, Leukemia, biology, Leukotriene C4, Chymase, Cell Differentiation, General Medicine, Fibroblasts, Mast cell, Recombinant Proteins, Culture Media, Cell biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, biology.protein, Biomarkers, Histamine
Abstract

In order to explore the potential existence of human mast cell growth factors other than stem cell factor (SCF), we have compared SCF to L-cell fibroblast supernatants (LCS) during in vitro mast cell differentiation, using human leukaemic mast cells (HMC-1 cells) which contain a gain-of-function mutated SCF receptor (c-Kit) as model. At baseline, cells exhibited an immature phenotype, with

Published
1998

36. Contents Vol. 136, 2005

Author

Claudia Gramiccioni, Yayoi Mizokami, Erliyani Sartono, L. Hummelshoj, Shigehiko Mizutani, Rudolf Valenta, Ronald van Ree, Sitti Wahyuni, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Fernando Aiuti, Jabbar S. Ahmed, Y.T. Kim, K.H. Kim, Yoshitaka Ohkubo, Albrecht Bufe, Akio Kawamura, L.K. Poulsen, A.M. Ejrnaes, Ines Swoboda, Tomohiko Endo, Jaring S. van der Zee, S. Cho, Kirsten Gehlhar, Bernhard F. Gibbs, Seitaro Mutoh, Hiroaki Kajiyama, Birgit Kullmann, Marcus Peters, Kiyosumi Shibata, H.H. Jacobi, H.Y. Park, Yoshihiko Morishita, E. Tsiompanou, Helmut H. Wolff, Kenji Tabata, Monika Grote, Ivano Mezzaroma, Yutaka Motohashi, Alessandra Fantauzzi, Antonella Isgrò, Jürgen Grabbe, S.W. Cho, Fumitaka Kikkawa, Kirsten Brockmann, Arnd Petersen, G.M. Boxer, U. Bodtger, R. Watson, Yoshitaka Hirayama, M. Svenson, Andarias Mangali, Maria Caterina Sirianni, Kazuhiko Ino, Seiji Nomura, J.S. Kim, Rudolf Reichelt, Holm Bussler, Detlef Zillikens, Taniawati Supali, J.S. Lee, Kikuo Miyayasu, Yoshihiro Kaneko, Ulrike Seitzer, Fu-Tong Liu, Maria Yazdanbakhsh, T. Levine, K.H. Joo, Akira Eboshida, Jeanine J. Houwing-Duistermaat, Hans van Schijndel, Wolf-Meinhard Becker, and R.H.J. Begent

Subjects
business.industry, Immunology, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, General Medicine, business
Published
2005

37. High-Dose Ultraviolet A1 (UVA1), but Not UVA/UVB Therapy, Decreases IgE-Binding Cells in Lesional Skin of Patients with Atopic Eczema

Author

Stefanie Humke, Jean Krutmann, Erwin Schöpf, Pia Welker, Markus Grewe, Jürgen Grabbe, and Beate M. Henz

Subjects
FcϵRI, Ultraviolet a1, Langerhans cell, Cell Count, Receptors, Fc, Dermatology, Immunoglobulin E, Biochemistry, Dermatitis, Atopic, Pathogenesis, Dermis, Medicine, Humans, Mast Cells, skin and connective tissue diseases, Receptor, Molecular Biology, Skin, integumentary system, Epidermis (botany), biology, business.industry, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Cell Biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Langerhans Cells, Immunology, biology.protein, Immunohistochemistry, Ultraviolet Therapy, business
Abstract

In order to further elucidate the mechanisms by which high-dose ultraviolet A1 (UVA1) therapy leads to improvement in patients with atopic eczema, we assessed skin sections from patients before and after high-dose UVA1 therapy (n = 5) or conventional UVA/UVB therapy (n = 4) for changes in Langerhans cells and mast cells expressing the high-affinity IgE receptor Fc epsilon RI and in surface-bound IgE by histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. The two treatment groups exhibited different patterns of changes in the number of Fc epsilon RI+, CD1a+, and mast cells within the dermis: The density of both Langerhans cells and mast cells was decreased after high-dose UVA1 therapy, but not after UVA/UVB therapy. High-dose UVA1 and UVA/UVB therapy significantly increased the number of CD1a+ cells within the epidermis, but only high-dose UVA1 reduced the relative number of IgE+ intraepidermal Langerhans cells typically found in atopic eczema. Reduction of numbers of dermal Langerhans cells and mast cells, as well as relative numbers of intraepidermal IgE+ Langerhans cells, was closely linked to significant clinical improvement by high-dose UVA1, but not UVA/UVB therapy. These studies support the notion that IgE-binding cutaneous cells are involved in the pathogenesis of atopic eczema. We propose that UVA1 radiation exerts its effects in atopic eczema, at least in part, by inhibiting Langerhans cell migration out of the epidermis and, in particular, by reducing the number of IgE-bearing Langerhans cells and mast cells in the dermis.

Published
1996
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38. Release of Stem Cell Factor from a Human Keratinocyte Line, HaCaT, Is Increased in Differentiating versus Proliferating Cells

Author

Edda Fiebiger, Pia Welker, Thomas Rosenbach, Jürgen Grabbe, Wolf Nürnberg, Beate M. Henz, Sabine Krüger-Krasagakes, and Metin Artuc

Subjects
Keratinocytes, RNA Splicing, Cellular differentiation, Molecular Sequence Data, Stem cell factor, Dermatology, Biology, Biochemistry, Cell Line, fibroblasts, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Molecular Biology, Stem Cell Factor, Induced stem cells, Confluency, Base Sequence, integumentary system, Cell Differentiation, Cell Biology, Immunohistochemistry, Molecular biology, endothelial cells, Cell biology, melanocytes, HaCaT, Haematopoiesis, c-kit, Cell culture, Molecular Probes, Stem cell, Cell Division
Abstract

Stem cell factor, a recently discovered growth factor for hematopoietic stem cells, mast cells, and melanocytes, was initially reported to be produced by fibroblasts. In this study, we investigated the secretion of this factor from human HaCaT cells during in vitro culture and compared it to synthesis by cells in the skin. Release of stem cell factor from freshly cultured keratinocytes was comparable to that of HaCaT cells and was nearly half that produced by fibroblasts and umbilical vein endothelial cells. No stem cell factor was detectable in culture supernatants of melanocytes. HaCaT cells underwent spontaneous differentiation after a period of proliferation until confluency. Depending on duration of culture, they released increasing amounts of stem cell factor (approximately 150 pg/10(6) cells on day 3 (proliferating cells) vs approximately 450 pg/10(6) cells on day 14 (differentiating cells) measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Stimulation for 24 h with the calcium ionophore A 23187 (10(-6) to 10(-8) M) further enhanced release. Western blot analysis of HaCaT cell lysates with a stem cell factor antibody revealed two proteins with the known molecular weights of membrane-bound and soluble stem cell factor. By semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, full-length as well as spliced type stem cell factor mRNA was found to be increased in differentiating versus proliferating HaCaT cells. Keratinocytes are thus potentially important sources of stem cell factor in human skin, and HaCaT cells provide a useful model for further studies of stem cell factor from keratinocytes.

Published
1996
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39. MHC Class II Antigen Expression Is Increased in Different Forms of Urticaria

Author

Jürgen Grabbe, Norbert Haas, Beate M. Czarnetzki, B. Uchanska-Ziegler, and W. Iwen

Subjects
Keratinocytes, Urticaria, medicine.drug_class, Biopsy, Immunology, Cold urticaria, Biology, Monoclonal antibody, Major histocompatibility complex, Pathogenesis, MHC class II antigen, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Skin, MHC class II, integumentary system, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, Mastocytoma, HLA-DR Antigens, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Up-Regulation, Cold Temperature, Acute Disease, biology.protein, Immunohistochemistry, Endothelium, Vascular
Abstract

Urticarial reactions encompass a variety of inflammatory and immunological reactions. In order to clarify specific aspects of these processes, we analyzed the distribution and sequential expression of major histocompatibility complex II (MHC class II) molecules in tissue sections from different types of whealing reactions. Using immunohistochemical techniques and monoclonal antibodies, expression of HLA-DR, HLA-DP, and HLA-DQ was examined on resident and infiltrating cells in different skin cell compartments, comparing early with longer-lasting wheals and lesional with uninvolved skin. Sequential biopsies were studied in cold urticaria (CU). No increase of MHC class II molecule expression was found in early prick test wheals to common inhalant allergens. In CU, however, sequential biopsies demonstrated an up-regulation of MHC class II molecules within 30 min after elicitation. This was more pronounced in longer-lasting urticaria lesions of acute, chronic recurrent and delayed pressure urticaria, with HLA-DR and, to a lesser degree, HLA-DP and HLA-DQ being noted on cell infiltrates, on vascular endothelia and around nerves and sweat glands. Nonelesional skin in these types of urticaria also showed increased MHC class II expression. Longer-lasting urticarial wheals are thus associated with up-regulation of MHC class II molecules on resident and infiltrating cells, suggesting an involvement of these molecules in the pathomechanisms of these types of urticarial lesions.

Published
1996

41. Foreign-body granuloma and IgE-pseudolymphoma after multiple bee stings

Author

Norbert Haas, B. Hermes, Beate M. Czarnetzki, and Jürgen Grabbe

Subjects
Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Dermatology, Immunoglobulin E, Eosinophilic granuloma, Eosinophilic, medicine, Pseudolymphoma, Animals, Humans, Skin, biology, Receptors, IgE, Granuloma, Foreign-Body, Insect Bites and Stings, Bees, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Bee stings, Immunohistochemistry, Immune complex, Granuloma, Immunology, biology.protein, Foreign body granuloma
Abstract

Summary We report a patient with an unusual combination of an eosinophilic foreign-body granuloma and a pseudolymphoma, with recurrent severe oedema on the forehead, after multiple bee stings. On immunohistology the foreign-body granuloma and lymphoid follicles reacted with monoclonal antibodies against the high- and low-affinity IgE receptors, and against IgE. Prick and intradermal tests with whole-body bee extracts showed positive immediate-type reactions. The eosinophilic granuloma formation and lymphoid follicles may have been induced by a combination of immune complex and cell-mediated hypersensitivity following antigen persistence. Although bee stings are common, as far as we are aware, this complex reaction pattern has not been reported previously.

Published
1994

42. Maternal Uniparental Disomy for Chromosome 7

Author

Mark Oette, Marvin J. Stone, Hendrik P. N. Scholl, Peter Charbel Issa, Monika Fleckenstein, Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Frank G. Holz, Olaf Strauss, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Michael Fromm, Tommie V. McCarthy, Meinhard Schiller, Stephan Grabbe, Cord Sunderkötter, Gidon Almogy, Avraham I. Rivkind, Hideaki Kato, John W. Finley, Johannes Uhl, Jürgen Kopitz, Michael Cantz, Philip F. Giampietro, Inga Harting, Nicole I. Wolf, Jürgen Grabbe, Robert J. Beynon, Rosaline C. M. Quinlivan, Caroline A. Sewry, Naoto Kuroda, Cengiz Korkmaz, Anthony J. Bleyer, Thomas C. Hart, Michele Bisceglia, Carlos Galliani, Stefan Pfister, Olaf Witt, Alexander K. C. Leung, Jan Hellemans, Geert Mortier, Marcus Schmitt, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Markus J. Riemenschneider, Guido Reifenberger, Julian F. B. Mercer, Sharon La Fontaine, Ingrid Moll, Bruce C. Kone, Stephan vom Dahl, Peter E. H. Schwarz, Jiang Li, Volkmar Gieselmann, David Genevieve, Martine Le Merrer, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Katrin Beyer, Elardus Erasmus, Lodewyk J. Mienie, Jan Bubeník, Jana Šímová, Thorsten Buch, Ansgar Schulz, Irmgard Förster, Shirley Hodgson, Holger Sudhoff, Peter J. Goadsby, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, John Logan, Bernadette McGuinness, Maria Isabel Melaragno, Marcial Francis Galera, Hardally R. Hegde, Hannu Jalanko, Maria Judit Molnar, Danae Liolitsa, Charungthai Dejthevaporn, Michael G. Hanna, Josef Finsterer, Yu-ichi Goto, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Toshio Nishikimi, Siobhan D. Ma, Andrew Rozelle, Eliza F. Chakravarty, Stefan R. Bornstein, Sven Schinner, Marinus Duran, William Lane M. Robson, Christine Liang, Julie V. Schaffer, Claudiu Plesa, Franck E. Nicolini, Eric Sibley, Vinzenz Oji, Heiko Traupe, Damian Miles Bailey, Heimo Mairbäurl, Peter Bärtsch, Alexander A. C. Leung, Justine H. S. Fong, Michael Beck, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Dieter Metze, Riikka H. Hämäläinen, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Marita Lipsanen-Nyman, Constantine Stratakis, Francesca Marini, Alberto Falchetti, Maria Luisa Brandi, Christian A. Koch, Constantine A. Stratakis, Michael Briggs, Wim Wuyts, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Hul, Hayrettin Tumani, Kurt Von Figura, Thomas Dierks, Bernhard Schmidt, Luca Busetto, Giuliano Enzi, Thomas Klockgether, Ioannis Stefanidis, Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou, Klaus Zerres, Sabine Rudnik-Schöneborn, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Anne-Dorte Sperfeld, Eric P. Hoffman, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Dominique Récan-Budiartha, Peter Hackman, Bjarne Udd, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Arndt Hartmann, Dominique Prié, Caroline Silve, Bernard Grandchamp, Gérard Friedlander, Andrew G. Engel, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Daniela Cilloni, Giuseppe Saglio, Ulrich S. Schuler, Ulrike Bacher, Claudia Haferlach, Susanne Schnittger, Torsten Haferlach, Reginald S. Sauve, Deepak Kamat, Stephen N. Makoni, Richard L. Sabina, Benjamin D. Tyrrell, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Wolfgang Schillinger, Gerd Hasenfuss, Kevin M. Bonney, David M. Engman, Thomas Klopstock, Friedrich Asmus, Thomas Gasser, Dina J. Zand, Elaine H. Zackai, Frank Schaeffel, Anders Oldfors, Niklas Darin, Tommy Martinsson, Ursula Knirsch, Gisela Stoltenburg-Didinger, Olayinka Raheem, and Tiina Suominen

Published
2009

43. Multiple Risk Factor Syndrome

Author

Mark Oette, Marvin J. Stone, Hendrik P. N. Scholl, Peter Charbel Issa, Monika Fleckenstein, Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Frank G. Holz, Olaf Strauss, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Michael Fromm, Tommie V. McCarthy, Meinhard Schiller, Stephan Grabbe, Cord Sunderkötter, Gidon Almogy, Avraham I. Rivkind, Hideaki Kato, John W. Finley, Johannes Uhl, Jürgen Kopitz, Michael Cantz, Philip F. Giampietro, Inga Harting, Nicole I. Wolf, Jürgen Grabbe, Robert J. Beynon, Rosaline C. M. Quinlivan, Caroline A. Sewry, Naoto Kuroda, Cengiz Korkmaz, Anthony J. Bleyer, Thomas C. Hart, Michele Bisceglia, Carlos Galliani, Stefan Pfister, Olaf Witt, Alexander K. C. Leung, Jan Hellemans, Geert Mortier, Marcus Schmitt, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Markus J. Riemenschneider, Guido Reifenberger, Julian F. B. Mercer, Sharon La Fontaine, Ingrid Moll, Bruce C. Kone, Stephan vom Dahl, Peter E. H. Schwarz, Jiang Li, Volkmar Gieselmann, David Genevieve, Martine Le Merrer, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Katrin Beyer, Elardus Erasmus, Lodewyk J. Mienie, Jan Bubeník, Jana Šímová, Thorsten Buch, Ansgar Schulz, Irmgard Förster, Shirley Hodgson, Holger Sudhoff, Peter J. Goadsby, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, John Logan, Bernadette McGuinness, Maria Isabel Melaragno, Marcial Francis Galera, Hardally R. Hegde, Hannu Jalanko, Maria Judit Molnar, Danae Liolitsa, Charungthai Dejthevaporn, Michael G. Hanna, Josef Finsterer, Yu-ichi Goto, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Toshio Nishikimi, Siobhan D. Ma, Andrew Rozelle, Eliza F. Chakravarty, Stefan R. Bornstein, Sven Schinner, Marinus Duran, William Lane M. Robson, Christine Liang, Julie V. Schaffer, Claudiu Plesa, Franck E. Nicolini, Eric Sibley, Vinzenz Oji, Heiko Traupe, Damian Miles Bailey, Heimo Mairbäurl, Peter Bärtsch, Alexander A. C. Leung, Justine H. S. Fong, Michael Beck, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Dieter Metze, Riikka H. Hämäläinen, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Marita Lipsanen-Nyman, Constantine Stratakis, Francesca Marini, Alberto Falchetti, Maria Luisa Brandi, Christian A. Koch, Constantine A. Stratakis, Michael Briggs, Wim Wuyts, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Hul, Hayrettin Tumani, Kurt Von Figura, Thomas Dierks, Bernhard Schmidt, Luca Busetto, Giuliano Enzi, Thomas Klockgether, Ioannis Stefanidis, Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou, Klaus Zerres, Sabine Rudnik-Schöneborn, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Anne-Dorte Sperfeld, Eric P. Hoffman, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Dominique Récan-Budiartha, Peter Hackman, Bjarne Udd, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Arndt Hartmann, Dominique Prié, Caroline Silve, Bernard Grandchamp, Gérard Friedlander, Andrew G. Engel, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Daniela Cilloni, Giuseppe Saglio, Ulrich S. Schuler, Ulrike Bacher, Claudia Haferlach, Susanne Schnittger, Torsten Haferlach, Reginald S. Sauve, Deepak Kamat, Stephen N. Makoni, Richard L. Sabina, Benjamin D. Tyrrell, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Wolfgang Schillinger, Gerd Hasenfuss, Kevin M. Bonney, David M. Engman, Thomas Klopstock, Friedrich Asmus, Thomas Gasser, Dina J. Zand, Elaine H. Zackai, Frank Schaeffel, Anders Oldfors, Niklas Darin, Tommy Martinsson, Ursula Knirsch, Gisela Stoltenburg-Didinger, Olayinka Raheem, and Tiina Suominen

Published
2009

44. Myocarditis, Autoimmune

Author

Mark Oette, Marvin J. Stone, Hendrik P. N. Scholl, Peter Charbel Issa, Monika Fleckenstein, Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Frank G. Holz, Olaf Strauss, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Michael Fromm, Tommie V. McCarthy, Meinhard Schiller, Stephan Grabbe, Cord Sunderkötter, Gidon Almogy, Avraham I. Rivkind, Hideaki Kato, John W. Finley, Johannes Uhl, Jürgen Kopitz, Michael Cantz, Philip F. Giampietro, Inga Harting, Nicole I. Wolf, Jürgen Grabbe, Robert J. Beynon, Rosaline C. M. Quinlivan, Caroline A. Sewry, Naoto Kuroda, Cengiz Korkmaz, Anthony J. Bleyer, Thomas C. Hart, Michele Bisceglia, Carlos Galliani, Stefan Pfister, Olaf Witt, Alexander K. C. Leung, Jan Hellemans, Geert Mortier, Marcus Schmitt, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Markus J. Riemenschneider, Guido Reifenberger, Julian F. B. Mercer, Sharon La Fontaine, Ingrid Moll, Bruce C. Kone, Stephan vom Dahl, Peter E. H. Schwarz, Jiang Li, Volkmar Gieselmann, David Genevieve, Martine Le Merrer, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Katrin Beyer, Elardus Erasmus, Lodewyk J. Mienie, Jan Bubeník, Jana Šímová, Thorsten Buch, Ansgar Schulz, Irmgard Förster, Shirley Hodgson, Holger Sudhoff, Peter J. Goadsby, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, John Logan, Bernadette McGuinness, Maria Isabel Melaragno, Marcial Francis Galera, Hardally R. Hegde, Hannu Jalanko, Maria Judit Molnar, Danae Liolitsa, Charungthai Dejthevaporn, Michael G. Hanna, Josef Finsterer, Yu-ichi Goto, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Toshio Nishikimi, Siobhan D. Ma, Andrew Rozelle, Eliza F. Chakravarty, Stefan R. Bornstein, Sven Schinner, Marinus Duran, William Lane M. Robson, Christine Liang, Julie V. Schaffer, Claudiu Plesa, Franck E. Nicolini, Eric Sibley, Vinzenz Oji, Heiko Traupe, Damian Miles Bailey, Heimo Mairbäurl, Peter Bärtsch, Alexander A. C. Leung, Justine H. S. Fong, Michael Beck, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Dieter Metze, Riikka H. Hämäläinen, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Marita Lipsanen-Nyman, Constantine Stratakis, Francesca Marini, Alberto Falchetti, Maria Luisa Brandi, Christian A. Koch, Constantine A. Stratakis, Michael Briggs, Wim Wuyts, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Hul, Hayrettin Tumani, Kurt Von Figura, Thomas Dierks, Bernhard Schmidt, Luca Busetto, Giuliano Enzi, Thomas Klockgether, Ioannis Stefanidis, Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou, Klaus Zerres, Sabine Rudnik-Schöneborn, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Anne-Dorte Sperfeld, Eric P. Hoffman, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Dominique Récan-Budiartha, Peter Hackman, Bjarne Udd, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Arndt Hartmann, Dominique Prié, Caroline Silve, Bernard Grandchamp, Gérard Friedlander, Andrew G. Engel, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Daniela Cilloni, Giuseppe Saglio, Ulrich S. Schuler, Ulrike Bacher, Claudia Haferlach, Susanne Schnittger, Torsten Haferlach, Reginald S. Sauve, Deepak Kamat, Stephen N. Makoni, Richard L. Sabina, Benjamin D. Tyrrell, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Wolfgang Schillinger, Gerd Hasenfuss, Kevin M. Bonney, David M. Engman, Thomas Klopstock, Friedrich Asmus, Thomas Gasser, Dina J. Zand, Elaine H. Zackai, Frank Schaeffel, Anders Oldfors, Niklas Darin, Tommy Martinsson, Ursula Knirsch, Gisela Stoltenburg-Didinger, Olayinka Raheem, and Tiina Suominen

Published
2009

45. Myogastrointestinal Encephalomyopathy

Author

Mark Oette, Marvin J. Stone, Hendrik P. N. Scholl, Peter Charbel Issa, Monika Fleckenstein, Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Frank G. Holz, Olaf Strauss, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Michael Fromm, Tommie V. McCarthy, Meinhard Schiller, Stephan Grabbe, Cord Sunderkötter, Gidon Almogy, Avraham I. Rivkind, Hideaki Kato, John W. Finley, Johannes Uhl, Jürgen Kopitz, Michael Cantz, Philip F. Giampietro, Inga Harting, Nicole I. Wolf, Jürgen Grabbe, Robert J. Beynon, Rosaline C. M. Quinlivan, Caroline A. Sewry, Naoto Kuroda, Cengiz Korkmaz, Anthony J. Bleyer, Thomas C. Hart, Michele Bisceglia, Carlos Galliani, Stefan Pfister, Olaf Witt, Alexander K. C. Leung, Jan Hellemans, Geert Mortier, Marcus Schmitt, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Markus J. Riemenschneider, Guido Reifenberger, Julian F. B. Mercer, Sharon La Fontaine, Ingrid Moll, Bruce C. Kone, Stephan vom Dahl, Peter E. H. Schwarz, Jiang Li, Volkmar Gieselmann, David Genevieve, Martine Le Merrer, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Katrin Beyer, Elardus Erasmus, Lodewyk J. Mienie, Jan Bubeník, Jana Šímová, Thorsten Buch, Ansgar Schulz, Irmgard Förster, Shirley Hodgson, Holger Sudhoff, Peter J. Goadsby, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, John Logan, Bernadette McGuinness, Maria Isabel Melaragno, Marcial Francis Galera, Hardally R. Hegde, Hannu Jalanko, Maria Judit Molnar, Danae Liolitsa, Charungthai Dejthevaporn, Michael G. Hanna, Josef Finsterer, Yu-ichi Goto, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Toshio Nishikimi, Siobhan D. Ma, Andrew Rozelle, Eliza F. Chakravarty, Stefan R. Bornstein, Sven Schinner, Marinus Duran, William Lane M. Robson, Christine Liang, Julie V. Schaffer, Claudiu Plesa, Franck E. Nicolini, Eric Sibley, Vinzenz Oji, Heiko Traupe, Damian Miles Bailey, Heimo Mairbäurl, Peter Bärtsch, Alexander A. C. Leung, Justine H. S. Fong, Michael Beck, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Dieter Metze, Riikka H. Hämäläinen, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Marita Lipsanen-Nyman, Constantine Stratakis, Francesca Marini, Alberto Falchetti, Maria Luisa Brandi, Christian A. Koch, Constantine A. Stratakis, Michael Briggs, Wim Wuyts, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Hul, Hayrettin Tumani, Kurt Von Figura, Thomas Dierks, Bernhard Schmidt, Luca Busetto, Giuliano Enzi, Thomas Klockgether, Ioannis Stefanidis, Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou, Klaus Zerres, Sabine Rudnik-Schöneborn, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Anne-Dorte Sperfeld, Eric P. Hoffman, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Dominique Récan-Budiartha, Peter Hackman, Bjarne Udd, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Arndt Hartmann, Dominique Prié, Caroline Silve, Bernard Grandchamp, Gérard Friedlander, Andrew G. Engel, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Daniela Cilloni, Giuseppe Saglio, Ulrich S. Schuler, Ulrike Bacher, Claudia Haferlach, Susanne Schnittger, Torsten Haferlach, Reginald S. Sauve, Deepak Kamat, Stephen N. Makoni, Richard L. Sabina, Benjamin D. Tyrrell, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Wolfgang Schillinger, Gerd Hasenfuss, Kevin M. Bonney, David M. Engman, Thomas Klopstock, Friedrich Asmus, Thomas Gasser, Dina J. Zand, Elaine H. Zackai, Frank Schaeffel, Anders Oldfors, Niklas Darin, Tommy Martinsson, Ursula Knirsch, Gisela Stoltenburg-Didinger, Olayinka Raheem, and Tiina Suominen

Published
2009

46. 3-MGA-Type I

Author

Mark Oette, Marvin J. Stone, Hendrik P. N. Scholl, Peter Charbel Issa, Monika Fleckenstein, Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Frank G. Holz, Olaf Strauss, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Michael Fromm, Tommie V. McCarthy, Meinhard Schiller, Stephan Grabbe, Cord Sunderkötter, Gidon Almogy, Avraham I. Rivkind, Hideaki Kato, John W. Finley, Johannes Uhl, Jürgen Kopitz, Michael Cantz, Philip F. Giampietro, Inga Harting, Nicole I. Wolf, Jürgen Grabbe, Robert J. Beynon, Rosaline C. M. Quinlivan, Caroline A. Sewry, Naoto Kuroda, Cengiz Korkmaz, Anthony J. Bleyer, Thomas C. Hart, Michele Bisceglia, Carlos Galliani, Stefan Pfister, Olaf Witt, Alexander K. C. Leung, Jan Hellemans, Geert Mortier, Marcus Schmitt, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Markus J. Riemenschneider, Guido Reifenberger, Julian F. B. Mercer, Sharon La Fontaine, Ingrid Moll, Bruce C. Kone, Stephan vom Dahl, Peter E. H. Schwarz, Jiang Li, Volkmar Gieselmann, David Genevieve, Martine Le Merrer, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Katrin Beyer, Elardus Erasmus, Lodewyk J. Mienie, Jan Bubeník, Jana Šímová, Thorsten Buch, Ansgar Schulz, Irmgard Förster, Shirley Hodgson, Holger Sudhoff, Peter J. Goadsby, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, John Logan, Bernadette McGuinness, Maria Isabel Melaragno, Marcial Francis Galera, Hardally R. Hegde, Hannu Jalanko, Maria Judit Molnar, Danae Liolitsa, Charungthai Dejthevaporn, Michael G. Hanna, Josef Finsterer, Yu-ichi Goto, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Toshio Nishikimi, Siobhan D. Ma, Andrew Rozelle, Eliza F. Chakravarty, Stefan R. Bornstein, Sven Schinner, Marinus Duran, William Lane M. Robson, Christine Liang, Julie V. Schaffer, Claudiu Plesa, Franck E. Nicolini, Eric Sibley, Vinzenz Oji, Heiko Traupe, Damian Miles Bailey, Heimo Mairbäurl, Peter Bärtsch, Alexander A. C. Leung, Justine H. S. Fong, Michael Beck, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Dieter Metze, Riikka H. Hämäläinen, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Marita Lipsanen-Nyman, Constantine Stratakis, Francesca Marini, Alberto Falchetti, Maria Luisa Brandi, Christian A. Koch, Constantine A. Stratakis, Michael Briggs, Wim Wuyts, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Hul, Hayrettin Tumani, Kurt Von Figura, Thomas Dierks, Bernhard Schmidt, Luca Busetto, Giuliano Enzi, Thomas Klockgether, Ioannis Stefanidis, Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou, Klaus Zerres, Sabine Rudnik-Schöneborn, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Anne-Dorte Sperfeld, Eric P. Hoffman, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Dominique Récan-Budiartha, Peter Hackman, Bjarne Udd, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Arndt Hartmann, Dominique Prié, Caroline Silve, Bernard Grandchamp, Gérard Friedlander, Andrew G. Engel, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Daniela Cilloni, Giuseppe Saglio, Ulrich S. Schuler, Ulrike Bacher, Claudia Haferlach, Susanne Schnittger, Torsten Haferlach, Reginald S. Sauve, Deepak Kamat, Stephen N. Makoni, Richard L. Sabina, Benjamin D. Tyrrell, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Wolfgang Schillinger, Gerd Hasenfuss, Kevin M. Bonney, David M. Engman, Thomas Klopstock, Friedrich Asmus, Thomas Gasser, Dina J. Zand, Elaine H. Zackai, Frank Schaeffel, Anders Oldfors, Niklas Darin, Tommy Martinsson, Ursula Knirsch, Gisela Stoltenburg-Didinger, Olayinka Raheem, and Tiina Suominen

Published
2009

47. Morbus Reiter

Author

Mark Oette, Marvin J. Stone, Hendrik P. N. Scholl, Peter Charbel Issa, Monika Fleckenstein, Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Frank G. Holz, Olaf Strauss, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Michael Fromm, Tommie V. McCarthy, Meinhard Schiller, Stephan Grabbe, Cord Sunderkötter, Gidon Almogy, Avraham I. Rivkind, Hideaki Kato, John W. Finley, Johannes Uhl, Jürgen Kopitz, Michael Cantz, Philip F. Giampietro, Inga Harting, Nicole I. Wolf, Jürgen Grabbe, Robert J. Beynon, Rosaline C. M. Quinlivan, Caroline A. Sewry, Naoto Kuroda, Cengiz Korkmaz, Anthony J. Bleyer, Thomas C. Hart, Michele Bisceglia, Carlos Galliani, Stefan Pfister, Olaf Witt, Alexander K. C. Leung, Jan Hellemans, Geert Mortier, Marcus Schmitt, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Markus J. Riemenschneider, Guido Reifenberger, Julian F. B. Mercer, Sharon La Fontaine, Ingrid Moll, Bruce C. Kone, Stephan vom Dahl, Peter E. H. Schwarz, Jiang Li, Volkmar Gieselmann, David Genevieve, Martine Le Merrer, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Katrin Beyer, Elardus Erasmus, Lodewyk J. Mienie, Jan Bubeník, Jana Šímová, Thorsten Buch, Ansgar Schulz, Irmgard Förster, Shirley Hodgson, Holger Sudhoff, Peter J. Goadsby, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, John Logan, Bernadette McGuinness, Maria Isabel Melaragno, Marcial Francis Galera, Hardally R. Hegde, Hannu Jalanko, Maria Judit Molnar, Danae Liolitsa, Charungthai Dejthevaporn, Michael G. Hanna, Josef Finsterer, Yu-ichi Goto, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Toshio Nishikimi, Siobhan D. Ma, Andrew Rozelle, Eliza F. Chakravarty, Stefan R. Bornstein, Sven Schinner, Marinus Duran, William Lane M. Robson, Christine Liang, Julie V. Schaffer, Claudiu Plesa, Franck E. Nicolini, Eric Sibley, Vinzenz Oji, Heiko Traupe, Damian Miles Bailey, Heimo Mairbäurl, Peter Bärtsch, Alexander A. C. Leung, Justine H. S. Fong, Michael Beck, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Dieter Metze, Riikka H. Hämäläinen, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Marita Lipsanen-Nyman, Constantine Stratakis, Francesca Marini, Alberto Falchetti, Maria Luisa Brandi, Christian A. Koch, Constantine A. Stratakis, Michael Briggs, Wim Wuyts, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Hul, Hayrettin Tumani, Kurt Von Figura, Thomas Dierks, Bernhard Schmidt, Luca Busetto, Giuliano Enzi, Thomas Klockgether, Ioannis Stefanidis, Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou, Klaus Zerres, Sabine Rudnik-Schöneborn, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Anne-Dorte Sperfeld, Eric P. Hoffman, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Dominique Récan-Budiartha, Peter Hackman, Bjarne Udd, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Arndt Hartmann, Dominique Prié, Caroline Silve, Bernard Grandchamp, Gérard Friedlander, Andrew G. Engel, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Daniela Cilloni, Giuseppe Saglio, Ulrich S. Schuler, Ulrike Bacher, Claudia Haferlach, Susanne Schnittger, Torsten Haferlach, Reginald S. Sauve, Deepak Kamat, Stephen N. Makoni, Richard L. Sabina, Benjamin D. Tyrrell, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Wolfgang Schillinger, Gerd Hasenfuss, Kevin M. Bonney, David M. Engman, Thomas Klopstock, Friedrich Asmus, Thomas Gasser, Dina J. Zand, Elaine H. Zackai, Frank Schaeffel, Anders Oldfors, Niklas Darin, Tommy Martinsson, Ursula Knirsch, Gisela Stoltenburg-Didinger, Olayinka Raheem, and Tiina Suominen

Published
2009

48. Miller-Dieker Syndrome

Author

Mark Oette, Marvin J. Stone, Hendrik P. N. Scholl, Peter Charbel Issa, Monika Fleckenstein, Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Frank G. Holz, Olaf Strauss, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Michael Fromm, Tommie V. McCarthy, Meinhard Schiller, Stephan Grabbe, Cord Sunderkötter, Gidon Almogy, Avraham I. Rivkind, Hideaki Kato, John W. Finley, Johannes Uhl, Jürgen Kopitz, Michael Cantz, Philip F. Giampietro, Inga Harting, Nicole I. Wolf, Jürgen Grabbe, Robert J. Beynon, Rosaline C. M. Quinlivan, Caroline A. Sewry, Naoto Kuroda, Cengiz Korkmaz, Anthony J. Bleyer, Thomas C. Hart, Michele Bisceglia, Carlos Galliani, Stefan Pfister, Olaf Witt, Alexander K. C. Leung, Jan Hellemans, Geert Mortier, Marcus Schmitt, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Markus J. Riemenschneider, Guido Reifenberger, Julian F. B. Mercer, Sharon La Fontaine, Ingrid Moll, Bruce C. Kone, Stephan vom Dahl, Peter E. H. Schwarz, Jiang Li, Volkmar Gieselmann, David Genevieve, Martine Le Merrer, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Katrin Beyer, Elardus Erasmus, Lodewyk J. Mienie, Jan Bubeník, Jana Šímová, Thorsten Buch, Ansgar Schulz, Irmgard Förster, Shirley Hodgson, Holger Sudhoff, Peter J. Goadsby, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, John Logan, Bernadette McGuinness, Maria Isabel Melaragno, Marcial Francis Galera, Hardally R. Hegde, Hannu Jalanko, Maria Judit Molnar, Danae Liolitsa, Charungthai Dejthevaporn, Michael G. Hanna, Josef Finsterer, Yu-ichi Goto, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Toshio Nishikimi, Siobhan D. Ma, Andrew Rozelle, Eliza F. Chakravarty, Stefan R. Bornstein, Sven Schinner, Marinus Duran, William Lane M. Robson, Christine Liang, Julie V. Schaffer, Claudiu Plesa, Franck E. Nicolini, Eric Sibley, Vinzenz Oji, Heiko Traupe, Damian Miles Bailey, Heimo Mairbäurl, Peter Bärtsch, Alexander A. C. Leung, Justine H. S. Fong, Michael Beck, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Dieter Metze, Riikka H. Hämäläinen, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Marita Lipsanen-Nyman, Constantine Stratakis, Francesca Marini, Alberto Falchetti, Maria Luisa Brandi, Christian A. Koch, Constantine A. Stratakis, Michael Briggs, Wim Wuyts, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Hul, Hayrettin Tumani, Kurt Von Figura, Thomas Dierks, Bernhard Schmidt, Luca Busetto, Giuliano Enzi, Thomas Klockgether, Ioannis Stefanidis, Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou, Klaus Zerres, Sabine Rudnik-Schöneborn, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Anne-Dorte Sperfeld, Eric P. Hoffman, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Dominique Récan-Budiartha, Peter Hackman, Bjarne Udd, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Arndt Hartmann, Dominique Prié, Caroline Silve, Bernard Grandchamp, Gérard Friedlander, Andrew G. Engel, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Daniela Cilloni, Giuseppe Saglio, Ulrich S. Schuler, Ulrike Bacher, Claudia Haferlach, Susanne Schnittger, Torsten Haferlach, Reginald S. Sauve, Deepak Kamat, Stephen N. Makoni, Richard L. Sabina, Benjamin D. Tyrrell, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Wolfgang Schillinger, Gerd Hasenfuss, Kevin M. Bonney, David M. Engman, Thomas Klopstock, Friedrich Asmus, Thomas Gasser, Dina J. Zand, Elaine H. Zackai, Frank Schaeffel, Anders Oldfors, Niklas Darin, Tommy Martinsson, Ursula Knirsch, Gisela Stoltenburg-Didinger, Olayinka Raheem, and Tiina Suominen

Published
2009

49. Mortimer’s Malady

Author

Mark Oette, Marvin J. Stone, Hendrik P. N. Scholl, Peter Charbel Issa, Monika Fleckenstein, Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Frank G. Holz, Olaf Strauss, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Michael Fromm, Tommie V. McCarthy, Meinhard Schiller, Stephan Grabbe, Cord Sunderkötter, Gidon Almogy, Avraham I. Rivkind, Hideaki Kato, John W. Finley, Johannes Uhl, Jürgen Kopitz, Michael Cantz, Philip F. Giampietro, Inga Harting, Nicole I. Wolf, Jürgen Grabbe, Robert J. Beynon, Rosaline C. M. Quinlivan, Caroline A. Sewry, Naoto Kuroda, Cengiz Korkmaz, Anthony J. Bleyer, Thomas C. Hart, Michele Bisceglia, Carlos Galliani, Stefan Pfister, Olaf Witt, Alexander K. C. Leung, Jan Hellemans, Geert Mortier, Marcus Schmitt, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Markus J. Riemenschneider, Guido Reifenberger, Julian F. B. Mercer, Sharon La Fontaine, Ingrid Moll, Bruce C. Kone, Stephan vom Dahl, Peter E. H. Schwarz, Jiang Li, Volkmar Gieselmann, David Genevieve, Martine Le Merrer, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Katrin Beyer, Elardus Erasmus, Lodewyk J. Mienie, Jan Bubeník, Jana Šímová, Thorsten Buch, Ansgar Schulz, Irmgard Förster, Shirley Hodgson, Holger Sudhoff, Peter J. Goadsby, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, John Logan, Bernadette McGuinness, Maria Isabel Melaragno, Marcial Francis Galera, Hardally R. Hegde, Hannu Jalanko, Maria Judit Molnar, Danae Liolitsa, Charungthai Dejthevaporn, Michael G. Hanna, Josef Finsterer, Yu-ichi Goto, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Toshio Nishikimi, Siobhan D. Ma, Andrew Rozelle, Eliza F. Chakravarty, Stefan R. Bornstein, Sven Schinner, Marinus Duran, William Lane M. Robson, Christine Liang, Julie V. Schaffer, Claudiu Plesa, Franck E. Nicolini, Eric Sibley, Vinzenz Oji, Heiko Traupe, Damian Miles Bailey, Heimo Mairbäurl, Peter Bärtsch, Alexander A. C. Leung, Justine H. S. Fong, Michael Beck, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Dieter Metze, Riikka H. Hämäläinen, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Marita Lipsanen-Nyman, Constantine Stratakis, Francesca Marini, Alberto Falchetti, Maria Luisa Brandi, Christian A. Koch, Constantine A. Stratakis, Michael Briggs, Wim Wuyts, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Hul, Hayrettin Tumani, Kurt Von Figura, Thomas Dierks, Bernhard Schmidt, Luca Busetto, Giuliano Enzi, Thomas Klockgether, Ioannis Stefanidis, Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou, Klaus Zerres, Sabine Rudnik-Schöneborn, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Anne-Dorte Sperfeld, Eric P. Hoffman, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Dominique Récan-Budiartha, Peter Hackman, Bjarne Udd, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Arndt Hartmann, Dominique Prié, Caroline Silve, Bernard Grandchamp, Gérard Friedlander, Andrew G. Engel, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Daniela Cilloni, Giuseppe Saglio, Ulrich S. Schuler, Ulrike Bacher, Claudia Haferlach, Susanne Schnittger, Torsten Haferlach, Reginald S. Sauve, Deepak Kamat, Stephen N. Makoni, Richard L. Sabina, Benjamin D. Tyrrell, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Wolfgang Schillinger, Gerd Hasenfuss, Kevin M. Bonney, David M. Engman, Thomas Klopstock, Friedrich Asmus, Thomas Gasser, Dina J. Zand, Elaine H. Zackai, Frank Schaeffel, Anders Oldfors, Niklas Darin, Tommy Martinsson, Ursula Knirsch, Gisela Stoltenburg-Didinger, Olayinka Raheem, and Tiina Suominen

Published
2009

50. MGN

Author

Mark Oette, Marvin J. Stone, Hendrik P. N. Scholl, Peter Charbel Issa, Monika Fleckenstein, Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Frank G. Holz, Olaf Strauss, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Michael Fromm, Tommie V. McCarthy, Meinhard Schiller, Stephan Grabbe, Cord Sunderkötter, Gidon Almogy, Avraham I. Rivkind, Hideaki Kato, John W. Finley, Johannes Uhl, Jürgen Kopitz, Michael Cantz, Philip F. Giampietro, Inga Harting, Nicole I. Wolf, Jürgen Grabbe, Robert J. Beynon, Rosaline C. M. Quinlivan, Caroline A. Sewry, Naoto Kuroda, Cengiz Korkmaz, Anthony J. Bleyer, Thomas C. Hart, Michele Bisceglia, Carlos Galliani, Stefan Pfister, Olaf Witt, Alexander K. C. Leung, Jan Hellemans, Geert Mortier, Marcus Schmitt, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Markus J. Riemenschneider, Guido Reifenberger, Julian F. B. Mercer, Sharon La Fontaine, Ingrid Moll, Bruce C. Kone, Stephan vom Dahl, Peter E. H. Schwarz, Jiang Li, Volkmar Gieselmann, David Genevieve, Martine Le Merrer, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Katrin Beyer, Elardus Erasmus, Lodewyk J. Mienie, Jan Bubeník, Jana Šímová, Thorsten Buch, Ansgar Schulz, Irmgard Förster, Shirley Hodgson, Holger Sudhoff, Peter J. Goadsby, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, John Logan, Bernadette McGuinness, Maria Isabel Melaragno, Marcial Francis Galera, Hardally R. Hegde, Hannu Jalanko, Maria Judit Molnar, Danae Liolitsa, Charungthai Dejthevaporn, Michael G. Hanna, Josef Finsterer, Yu-ichi Goto, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Toshio Nishikimi, Siobhan D. Ma, Andrew Rozelle, Eliza F. Chakravarty, Stefan R. Bornstein, Sven Schinner, Marinus Duran, William Lane M. Robson, Christine Liang, Julie V. Schaffer, Claudiu Plesa, Franck E. Nicolini, Eric Sibley, Vinzenz Oji, Heiko Traupe, Damian Miles Bailey, Heimo Mairbäurl, Peter Bärtsch, Alexander A. C. Leung, Justine H. S. Fong, Michael Beck, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Dieter Metze, Riikka H. Hämäläinen, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Marita Lipsanen-Nyman, Constantine Stratakis, Francesca Marini, Alberto Falchetti, Maria Luisa Brandi, Christian A. Koch, Constantine A. Stratakis, Michael Briggs, Wim Wuyts, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Hul, Hayrettin Tumani, Kurt Von Figura, Thomas Dierks, Bernhard Schmidt, Luca Busetto, Giuliano Enzi, Thomas Klockgether, Ioannis Stefanidis, Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou, Klaus Zerres, Sabine Rudnik-Schöneborn, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Anne-Dorte Sperfeld, Eric P. Hoffman, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Dominique Récan-Budiartha, Peter Hackman, Bjarne Udd, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Arndt Hartmann, Dominique Prié, Caroline Silve, Bernard Grandchamp, Gérard Friedlander, Andrew G. Engel, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Daniela Cilloni, Giuseppe Saglio, Ulrich S. Schuler, Ulrike Bacher, Claudia Haferlach, Susanne Schnittger, Torsten Haferlach, Reginald S. Sauve, Deepak Kamat, Stephen N. Makoni, Richard L. Sabina, Benjamin D. Tyrrell, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Wolfgang Schillinger, Gerd Hasenfuss, Kevin M. Bonney, David M. Engman, Thomas Klopstock, Friedrich Asmus, Thomas Gasser, Dina J. Zand, Elaine H. Zackai, Frank Schaeffel, Anders Oldfors, Niklas Darin, Tommy Martinsson, Ursula Knirsch, Gisela Stoltenburg-Didinger, Olayinka Raheem, and Tiina Suominen

Published
2009

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